學(xué)術(shù)類題目第一節(jié)

第四題中Narrator1.1Nowreadthepassageabout1.2Nowreadthepassageina***1.3Nowreadthepassageaboutthe**oftopic,2Youwillhave45secondstoreadthe3Beginreading文章中定義的位標(biāo)題第一次出現(xiàn)的地方前一句或后一句?判斷句子內(nèi)容，或借助信號(hào)詞?knownas,that?系動(dòng)詞Be連接的表語(yǔ)從句，即Topicis?isthat引導(dǎo)的從?forexample?文章的其能讀最解釋和說(shuō)往往 內(nèi)容有指向ExplicitMemoriesandImplicitIneverydaylife,whenpeoplespeakofmemory,theyarealmostalwaysspeakingaboutwhatpsychologistswouldcallexplicitmemories.Anexplicitmemoryisaconsciousorintentionalrecollection,usuallyoffacts,names,event,orotherthingsthata canstateordeclare.Thereisanotherkindofmemorythatisnotconscious.Memoryofthiskindarecalledimplicitmemories.Anindividualcanhaveanexperiencethatheorshecannotconsciouslyrecallyetstilldis yreactionsthatindicatetheexperiencehasbeensomehowrecordedinhisorherbrain.TPO6BehaviorIndividualsoftenmodifytheirbehaviorsbasedonwhattheyhavelearnedaboutthepossibleconsequencesoftheiractions.Whenanindividuallearnsthroughexperiencethatacertainbehaviorresultsinpleasantconsequences,thatbehaviorislikelytoberepeated.Anunpleasantconsequence,ontheotherhand,discouragesfurtherrepetitionofthebehavior.Whilebehaviormodificationcanbeobservedinexperiments,italsooccursfrequentlyineverydaysettings,whenindividualschangetheirbehaviorbasedonwhattheyhavelearnedabouttheconsequencesofthatbehaviorTOP7RevealingManyanimalsusecolorationtoprotectthemselvesfrompredators.Onedefensivestrategyinvolvingtheuseofcolorationiswhatisknownasrevelingcoloration.Animalsemployingthisstrategyhaveanareaofbrightcoloronsomepartoftheirbody;thisbrightcolorisusuallyhiddenfrompredators’view.Whenapproachedbyapredator,theanimalsuddenlyrevealstheareaofbrightcolor;thisunexpecteddis yofcolorstartlesorconfusesthepredatorandprovidesthewould-bepreywithanopportunitytoescape.TPO8TheEstablishingFilmdirectorsusedifferenttypesofcamerashotsforspecificpurposes.Anestablishingshotisanimageshownbrieflyatthebeginningofascene,usuallytakenfromfaraway.Thatisusedtoprovidecontextfromtherestofthescene.Onepurposeoftheestablishingshotistocommunicatebackgroundinformationtotheviewer,suchassetting---whereandwhentherestofthescenewilloccur.Italsoestablishesthemoodfeelingofthescene.Duetothecontextthattheestablishingshotprovides,thecharactersandeventsthatareshownnextarebetterunderstoodbytheviewer.TPO9EntertainmentAneffective,widelyusedmarketingpracticeintheentertainmentindustryisentertainmentmerchandising.Entertainmentmerchandisingisaformofmarketinginwhichthebrandorimagefromoneproductisalsousedtosellanother.Thepracticeofentertainmentmerchandisingoftenoccursinconnectionwithmoviesand shows,especiallythoseassociatedwithchildren.Forexample,thesuccessofapopularchildren’s showmayresultinthemarketingoftoysthataredesignedtolooklikecharactersintheshow.Orthesituationmaybereversedwhenachildren’s evisionshowiswrittentoincludecharactersthatarebasedonalready-populartoys.TPO10一些小1讀部分涉及principledefinition,等，不僅僅局限于2.警惕“文不對(duì)題的情3注意定義中的代詞是否指代完小例外之非定義VerbalandNonverbalWhenwespeakwithotherpeopleface-to-facethenonverbalsignalswegive---ourfacialexpressions,handgestures,bodymovements,andtoneofvoice---oftencommunicateasmuchas,ormorethan,thewordsweutter.Whenournonverbalsignals,whichweoftenproduceunconsciously,agreewithourverbalmessage,theverbalmessageisenhanceandsupported,mademoreconvincing.Butwhenthey withtheverbalmessage,wemaybecommunicatinganentirelydifferentandmoreaccuratemessagethanwhatweintend.小例外之非定VerbalandNonverbalWhenwespeakwithotherpeopleface-to-facethenonverbalsignalswegive---ourfacialexpressions,handgestures,bodymovements,andtoneofvoice---oftencommunicateasmuchas,ormorethan,thewordsweutter.Whenournonverbalsignals,whichweoftenproduceunconsciously,agreewithourverbalmessage,theverbalmessageisenhanceandsupported,mademoreconvincing.Butwhenthey withtheverbalmessage,wemaybecommunicatinganentirelydifferentandmoreaccuratemessagethanwhatweintend.小例外之代詞不完整CognitiveIndividualssometimesexperienceacontradictionbetweentheiractionsandtheirbeliefs---betweenwhattheyare ngandwhattheybelievetheyshouldbe Thesecontradictionscancauseakindofmentalfortknownascognitive小例外之文不對(duì)題tpo2Social Peopledealwitheachothereveryday.Thisin ctionisattheheartofsociallife.Thestudyofsocialin isconcernedwiththeinfluencepeoplehaveoveroneanother’sbehavior.Peopletakeeachotherintoaccountintheirdailybehaviorandinfact,theverypresenceofotherscanaffectbehavior.Forexample,oneprincipleofsocialin ction,audienceeffects,suggeststhatindividuals’workisaffectedbytheirknowledgethattheyarevisibletoothers,thatthepresenceofotherstendstoalterthewaypeoplebehaveorperformanactivity.文不對(duì)題Social Peopledealwitheachothereveryday.Thisin ctionisattheheartofsociallife.Thestudyofsocialin isconcernedwiththeinfluencepeoplehaveoveroneanother’sbehavior.Peopletakeeachotherintoaccountintheirdailybehaviorandinfact,theverypresenceofotherscanaffectbehavior.Forexample,oneprincipleofsocialin ction,audienceeffects,suggeststhatindividuals’workisaffectedbytheirknowledgethattheyarevisibletoothers,thatthepresenceofotherstendstoalterthewaypeoplebehaveorperformanactivity.筆記的作1、整理答題的思2、只記錄有效信3、筆記絕不是聽(tīng)4、理解比記錄重5、輔助式還原信筆記的步1、先耳聽(tīng)后腦記再2、迅速判3、名詞、動(dòng)詞4、專有名詞和專業(yè)名5 那些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)v+所謂速1、豎著記2、寫小3、不要執(zhí)著于拼icdnuoltblveieetahtIcluodaulacltyuesdnatnrdwahtIwasrdanieg.Thephaonmnealpweorofthehmuanmnid,aoccdrnigtoarscheearchatCmabrigdeUinervtisy,itdseno'tmtaetrinwahtoerdrtheltteresinawrodare,theolnyiproam tihngistahtthefrsitandlsatltteerbeintherghitpclae.Thersetcanbeataotlmsesandyoucansitllraeditwhotuitapboerlm.Tihsisbcuseaethehuamnmniddeosnotraederveylteterbyistlef,butthewrodasawlohe.Azanmighuh?yaehandIawlyastghuhotslpelingwasipmorantt!ifyoucanraedtihsforwrad所謂速1、豎著記2、寫3、不要執(zhí)著4、首字5、簡(jiǎn)單的符6、適當(dāng)?shù)闹邪诵泄P記120第四+Inthelectureprofessorusedoneexampleto in 部分剩下6第六題Inthelecturetheprofessortalksabouttwoofsomething+兩句定義. HighLevelTheprofessorsaidthatthemoneyisthemediumofexchange.Butanythingyoucanpurchasesomethingwithisconsideredtobemoney.That’sonedefinition.thatmeanswhenyouachieve…taxidriverwhoacceptmoneyforhisride.Butifhedrivesafruit-selling hecanalso,insteadofmoney,acceptfruitforhisdrive.Inthatcasethefruitisthemediumofexchange,notthemoney.Sounderthefirstdefinition,notonlydollarbillsandcoinsaremoney,butalsoothermediumofexchange,likefruit,inthiscaseforthistaxid