2022年大學英語考試考前沖刺卷五17測

2022年大學英語考試考前沖刺卷五

（本卷共分為1大題50小題，作答時間為180分鐘，總分100分，60分及格。）

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1.TherewereanumberofcarvedstonefigurespIacedatintervaIsalong

theparapetsoftheoldCathedral;someofthemrepresentedangels,others

kingsandbishops,andnearlyalIwereinattitudesofpiousexaItation

andcomposure.Butonefigure,lowdownonthecoldnorthsideofthe

building,hadneithercrown,mitre,nornimbus,anditsfacewashard

andbitteranddowncast;itmustbeademon,decIaredthefatbIuepigeons

thatroostedandsunnedthemseIvesalIdayontheledgesoftheparapet;

buttheoldbelfryjackdaw,whowasanauthorityoneccIesiasticaI

architecture,saiditwasalostsoul.Andtherethematterrested.One

autumndaythereflutteredontotheCathedralroofaslender,

sweet-voicedbirdthathadwanderedawayfromthebarefieldsandthinning

hedgerowsinsearchofawinterroosting-place.Ittriedtorestitstired

feetundertheshadeofagreatangeI-wingortonestIeinthesculptured

foIdsofakingIyrobe,butthefatpigeonshustleditawayfromwherever

itsettled,andthenoisysparrow-folkdroveitofftheledges.No

respectablebirdsangwithsomuchfeelingtheycheepedonetoanother,

andthewandererhadtomoveon.OnlytheeffigyoftheLostSouloffered

aplaceofrefuge.Thepigeonsdidnotconsideritsafetoperchona

projectionthatIeanedsomuchoutoftheperpendicuIar,andwas,besides,

toomuchintheshadow.Thefiguredidnotcrossitshandsinthepious

attitudeoftheothergravendignitaries,butitsarmswerefoIdedas

indefianceandtheirangIemadeasnugresting-pIacefortheIittIebird.

Everyeveningitcrepttrustfullyintoitscorneragainstthestonebreast

oftheimage,andthedarkIingeyesseemedtokeepwatchoveritsslumbers.

ThelonelybirdgrewtoloveitsIoneIyprotector,andduringtheday

itwouldsitfromtimetotimeonsomerainshootorotherabutmentand

trillforthitssweetestmusicingratefuIthanksforitsnightlyshelter.

And,itmayhavebeentheworkofwindandweather,orsomeotherinfIuence,

butthewiIddrawnfaceseemedgraduallytolosesomeofitshardness

andunhappiness.Everyday,throughthelongmonotonoushours,thesong

ofhislittleguestwouldcomeupinsnatchestotheIoneIywatcher,and

atevening,whenthevesper-belIwasringingandthegreatgreybatssiid

outoftheirhiding-pIacesinthebelfryroof,thebrighteyedbirdwould

return,twitterafewsIeepynotes,andnestIeintothearmsthatwere

waitingforhim.ThosewerehappydaysfortheDarkImage.Onlythegreat

be11oftheCathedralrangoutdailyitsmockingmessage,"Afterjoy...

sorrow.nThefolkintheverger*slodgenoticedalittlebrownbird

flittingabouttheCathedraIprecincts,andadmireditsbeautifulsinging.

Theywerepoor,buttheyunderstoodtheprinciplesofpoliticaIeconomy.

Sotheycaughtthebirdandputitinalittlewickercageoutsidethe

lodgedoor.Thatnightthelittlesongsterwasmissingfromitsaccustomed

haunt,andtheDarkImageknewmorethaneverthebitternessofIoneliness.

WhenmorningcametherefIoateduptohimfthroughthenoiseandbustle

oftheCathedralworldfafaintheart-achingmessagefromtheprisoner

inthewickercagefarbeIow.Andeveryday,athighnoon,thesongof

thelittlebirdcameuptotheparapets-asongofhungerandlonging

andhopelessness,acrythatcouldneverbeanswered.Thepigeonsremarked,

betweenmealtimes,thatthefigureIeanedforwardmorethaneveroutof

theperpendicular.Onedaynosongcameupfromthelittlewickercage.

TherewasacrackIingsoundinthenightontheCathedralroofandanoise

asoffallingmasonry.Thebelfryjackdawsaidthefrostwasaffecting

thefabric,andashehadexperiencedmanyfrostsitmusthavebeenso.

InthemorningitwasseenthattheFigureoftheLostSoulhadtoppIed

fromitscorniceandlaynowinabrokenmassonthedustheapoutside

theverger1sIodge.

"Andtherethematterrested.”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans

thesullenstonefigure

A.wasconsideredalostsoul.

B.wasconsideredademon.

C.hasarousedgreatcontroversy.

D.wasinconspicuousinthecorner.

2.ForadmissionsofficersreviewingapplicationsisIikefinal-examweek

forstudents-exceptitlastsformonths.GreatapplicationstelIuswe'

vedoneourjobwell,byattractingtop-caliberstudents.Butit5s

chaiIengingtomaintainthefreneticpacewithoutforgettingtheseare

alIrealpeopIewithrealaspirations-peopIewhoseIifestoriesweare

heretounravel,iftheywi11letus.TheessayisakeypieceofIearning

thoseIifestories.IIivenearLosAngeles,whereeverydayscreenplays

arereadwithoutregardforhumancontext.Thewriter1sIifeanddreams

don'tmatter-alIthatmattersisthewriting,theideas,theendproduct.

Ontheotherhand,inreadingessays,contextdoesmatter:whowrotethis

Wearedriventoputthejigsawpuzzletogetherbecausewethinkweare

buildingacommunity,notjustchoosingneatstories.WhenIpickupa

file,Iwanttoknowwhetherthestudenthassiblingsornot,whohis

parentsare,wherehewenttohighschooI.ThenIwanttheessaytohelp

therestoftheapplicationmakesense,tohumanizealIthenumbersthat

flowpast.IamIookingforinsight.Abrilliantlywrittenessaymay

compelmetolookbeyondsuperficialshortcomingsinanapplication.But

ifnorecommendationorgradeortestscorehintsatsuchwritingtalent,

Imaysuccumbtocynicismandassumethewriterhadhelp-maybetoomuch.

Intheworstcases,ImayfindthatIhavereaditbefore--withnameand

placechanged-ontheInternet,inanessay-editingserviceora"best

essays"hook.ThemostappeaIingessaystaketheopportunitytoshow

avoicenotrenderedhomogeneousandpasteurized.Butsometimesthe

essaystelIustoomuch.Pomonaoffersthisinstructionwithoneessay

option:nWerealizethatnoteverythingdoneinIifeisaboutgetting

intocollege.TelIusaboutsomethingyoudidthatwasjustplainfun.n

Onestudentgrimlyreportedthatnothingwasfunbecauseinhisfamily

everythingwasaboutgettingintocollege.Everyactivity,coursechoice

andsparemoment.Itdidsparkoursympathy,butitalmostIedtoaca11

toChildProtectiveServicesaswell.Perfectionisn'trequired.We

haveseenphenomenaIerrorsinessaysthathaven,tdamagedastudent

ata11.Ireca11astudentwhowroteoftheJuly1969lunarIandingof-I

kidyounot-LouisArmstrong.Ireadon,shakingmyhead.Thisstudent

wasgreat-ajazztrumpeterwhoIongedtostudyastronomy.Itwasa

classicsiipandperhapsahurriedmergingoftwopersonalheroes.He

wasofferedadmission,graduatedandwentonforaPhDinastrophysics.

Hemaynothavebeenasmemorableifhehadnamed"NelIMinsteadof"Louis"

inhisessay9sopeningIine.Hey,we'rehuman,too.Anessaythatis

rougharoundtheedgesmaystillbecompe11ing.Goodideasmakean

impression,evenwhenexpressedwithbadpunctualionandspelIingerrors.

Energyandexcitementcanbecommunicated.I'mnotsuggestingtheMI

came,Isaw,Iconquered"approachtoessaywriting,northe“Isaved

theworldMangletakenbysomestudentswhowriteaboutcommunity-service

projects.19mtalkingaboutsmalIermomentsthatarewe11captured.

Essaysdon'trequiretheIifetragedythatsomanyseemtothinkis

necessary.NotalIadmissionofferscomeoutofsympathy!Admissions

officers,evenatthemostseIectiveinstitutions,reallyaren5tIooking

forperfectionin17-and18-year-olds.WeareIookingforthehumanbeing

behindtherosterofactivitiesandgrades.WeareIookingforthosewho

canletdowntheirguardjustabittoallowothersin.WeareIooking

forpeopIewhoseegoswon'tgetinthewayoflearning,studentswhose

investmentinideasandwordstellsus-inthecon-textoftheir

records-thattheyareawareofaworldbeyondtheirownhomes,schools,

gradesandscores.Apicture,theysay,isworthathousandwords.To

us,anessaythatreveaIsastudent1sunalteredvoiceisworthmuch,

muchmore.

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat

A.reviewingapplicationsisatediousandexhaustingtask.

B.therearealotofapplicationsthatneedattendingtoquickly.

C.peopletendtotelltheirlifestoriesintheirapplications.

D.reviewingapplicationsisaconstantheadachetotheteachers.

3.WehavetoadmireSuzanneSomers'spersistence.Shedoesn9tgive

up-evenwhenvirtuallytheentiremedicaIcommunityisIinedupagainst

her.Threeyearsago,Somerswroteabest-selIingbookcalledTheSexy

Yearsinwhichshepromotedso-ca11edbioidenticaIhormonesasamore

naturalalternativetohormonesproducedbydrugcompaniesformenopausaI

women.Somers,now60,claimedthattheseindividua11yprepareddoses

ofestrogenandotherhormones,soldviatheInternetorbycompounding

pharmacies,madeherlookandfeelhalfherage.Asthepopularityof

bioidenticaIssoared,majormedicaIorganizationsIiketheAmerican

Co11egeofObstetriciansandGynecologistsgrewsoalarmedthatthey

mountedpubIicitycampaignstoconvineeSomers'sreadersthatthese

alternativetreatments,whichareusuallycustommadeforeachpatient,

haven1tbeenprovensafeormoreeffectivethantraditionalhormone

therapyforsymptomsIikehotflashes.ThismonthSomersisatitagain

withherIatestbook,Ageless.Subti11edTheNakedTruthAbout

BioidenticaIHormones,thecoverfeaturesacoquettishshotofthe

actressuncIothedfromthecoIlarboneup.Inside,shecallsbioidenticals

“thejuiceofyouthnandalsopromotesthequestionabledosageadvice

ofaformeractressandindependentresearcher”namedT.S.Wileywho

thinksmenopausaIwomenshouIdhaveasmuchestrogenintheirbodiesas

20-year-olds.Now,evensomeofthepro-bioidenticaldoctorsSomers

quotesinherbooksarescreamingfoul."Manyoftheclaimsthroughout

thebookarescientifica11yunprovenanddangerous,wthreeofthese

doctorsassertinalettersentafewweeksagotoSomers,spubIisher,

Crown.SomersadamantIydefendsherbookandbioidenticals.nFroma

woman5sstandpoint,thisisthefirsttimewe'vegottensomerelief

inanon-drugway,“shesaysinaninterviewwithNEWSWEEK."Doctorsare

embarrassedthattheydon'tknowaboutthis,"Somerssays."Whendoctors

donthaveananswer,theyIiketopooh-poohit."Thewordbioidentical

isamarketingterm,notascientificone,anditmeansdifferentthings

todifferentpeopIe.Tomostdoctors,bioidenticaIreferstoawide

varietyofFDA-approveddrugsthatarevirtuallyidenticaItothe

hormonesproducedbywomen'sovaries.Theycomeinmanyformsanddoses,

someofwhichhavebeenusedforyears.Somersusesthetermtorefer

tomade-to-ordertreatmentscreatedbycompoundingpharmacieswith

dosagesusua11ydeterminedbytheresultsofbloodtestseverytwoweeks

(themethodSomersherselfuses)yorregularsalivatests,amethodmost

expertssayisanunreliablewaytomeasureawomenJsspecifichormone

needs.SomersclaimsthatsheissoMintouch11withherbody'sneeds

thatshecan"tweak“herhormonesevenwithoutthebenefitofthesetests.

ProponentsofSomers'sprogramsayonlyhormonespreparedspecifically

foreachwomancanmeetheruniqueneeds.ButsincetheWomen1sHealth

Initiative,theFDAhasapprovedmanynewhormoneproducts,including

someinverylowdoses.WhiletheFDAprocessisn'tperfect,it's

certainlybetterthanwhatconsumersgetwithcompoundingproducts:no

blackboxwarningaboutsideeffects,nopackageinsert,nodataon

relativesafety,nocheckonadvertisingclaimsandnomanufacturing

oversight.Somerssaysthesecustom-madetreatmentsarenaturalandnot

reallydrugs.That*sjustnottrue.BioidenticalsmaystartoutaswiId

yamsorsoybeans,butbythetimethisplantmatterhasbeenconverted

intohormonetherapy,itisinfactadrug.AlIoftheseproducts-whether

ornotthey'reapprovedbytheFDA-arechemicaIssynthesizedinalab.

AnotherthingyoushouIdknow,thereareonlyafewlabsintheworld

thatsynthesizethesehormones.Everyone-fromsmalIcompounding

pharmaciestobigpharmaceuticalcompanies-getstheiringredientsfrom

thesameplaces.SomersarguesthatbioidenticaIsaresaferthan

FDA-approvedhormoneseventhoughtherearenohigh-quaIitystudiesto

provethatassertion.Intheabsenceofanyreliableresearchtothe

contrary,mostwomen1shealthexpertssayit'sprudenttoassumethat

alIhormoneproducts(FDA-approvedornot)carrythesameheartdisease

andcancerrisks.

Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat

A.bioidenticalhormonesdon'tliveuptothehype.

B.manywomenshowzealforbioidenticalhormones.

C.expertswillaskforthebanonbioidenticalhormones.

D.manypeopleworryaboutthesafetyofbioidenticals.

4.FromthefirstnovelSister-Carrieon,sethimseIftoproject

theAmericanvaluesforwhathehadfoundthemtobematerialisticto

thecore.

[A]TheodoreDreiser

[B]ErnestHemingway

LC]JohnSteinbeck

[D]JamesBaldwin

5.Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthe

newsitem,youwi11begiven10secondstoanswereachofthetwoquestions.

NowIistentothenews.

TheBushAdministrationhasbeenaccusedbyHarryReidof

A.beingcovert.

B.shieldingDick.

C.beingdishonest.

D.attackingthevictim.

6.Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterview

youwi11begiven10secondstoanswereachofthefo11owingfivequestions.

NowIistentotheinterview.

SamanthaHellersuggeststhattogetbenefitsfromchocoIate,youmay

A.takenutrientsoutofchocolate.

B.makecocoapowderonyourown.

C.makehotchocolatebyyourself.

D.consultanexpertonchocolate.

7."IwouIdn5twanttohavesomeonetakemydaughtertoahospitaIfor

anabortionorsomethingandnottelIme.Iwouldki11himiftheydo

that.MSomuchforArnoldSchwarzeneggerJstypica11yexpressivesupport

forProposition73,aconstitutionaIamendmentrequiringdoctorstogive

parents48hours'noticebeforecarryingoutanabortiononagirIunder

18.Wi11thevotersagreewiththegovernorHisownstatuserstwhiIe

hedonistturnedresponsiblefatheroftwoteenagegirlsandtwopre-teen

boys-reflectshisstate5smixedfeeIingsaboutsexualpolitics.

CaliforniaisoneofthemostsexuallyIiteratedstatesinthenation.

Italsoboaststhefifth-worstrateforteenageabortionsandtheseventh

forteenagepregnancies.In2000,some116,000teenagersinCalifornia

becamepregnant,andaImost44,000ofthemchosetohavean

abortion-incIuding1,620undertheageof15.ArecentFieIdPo11showed

45%ofrespondentsinfavouroftheamendment,45%againstand10%

undecided.Theproposition9sadvocatesarecarefultoarguethat

supportingparentalnotificationisnotthesameasopposingabortion

fulIstop.Mr.Schwarzeneggerisa"pro-choiceRepubIican"andthe

propositionwouldaI-towaminortopetitionacourttoallowheran

abortionwithoutnotifyingaparent.Therealpoint,theysay,isthat

a17-year-oldgirI"can'tgetanaspirinfromtheschooInurse,geta

flushot,orhaveatoothpulledwithoutaparentknowing11,buta

13-year-oldcanhaveasurgicalorchemicaIabortionwithoutherparents'

knowIedge.Andsinceamajorityoftheprospectivefathersareover21,

thecurrentsystemineffectcondonesstatutoryrape.Opponents,

includingtheCaliforniaNursesAssociationandPIannedParenthood,are

unconvineed.AsaneditorialintheLosAngelesTimesargued:n\tJsnice

tothinkthatalIgirlsfeelcomfortabletalkingtotheirparentsabout

sex,birthcontrolandabortion.Nice,butabsurd."Equallyabsurd,add

otheropponents,isthenotionthatapregnantteenagerfromanabusive

familywi11havethegumptiontogotocourt-ratherthantosome

backstreetoperator-toseekherabortion.Andtheysuspectthe

propositionisthestartofanefforttobanalIabortions:insteadof

speakingofafetus,thepropositiondefinesabortionascausingthe

MdeathoftheunbornchiId".JusthowparentsInotificationwouldaffect

therateofteenpregnanciesandabortionsisanopenquestion.Some34

statesrequiresomeparentalinvoIvementinaminor1sdecisiontoend

apregnancy,butthereisnohard-and-fastcorrelationwiththenumber

ofabortions.Forexample,NewMexicoandNewHampshirerequireno

parentalnotification,butaccordingtotheAlanGuttmacherInstitute,

whichstudiesreproductivehealth,theyranked18thand25thintherate

ofteenabortionsin2000.Bycontrast,WyomingandFlorida,whichdo

havenotificationlaws,ranked14thand7th.Andevenifnotification

lawsdeterabortions,theydonotseemtodeterteenpregnancies:Texas,

forexample,isranked26thinabortionsforgirlsaged15-19butfifth

inpregnanciesforthatagegroup.Thislaststatisticmattersfor

GaIifornia,wherethemainproblemisteensgettingpregnantinthefirst

place.RoughIyaquarterofCalifornia1s14-year-oldsandthree-fifths

ofits17-year-oldshavehadsex.True,accordingtothePubIicPolicy

InstituteofGalifornia,birthratesfelIfrom73forevery1,00015

—19-year-oldsin1991tojust44in2001.ButCalifornia1steenage

girlsbecomemothersatbetween4and12timestherateoftheirpeers

inFrance,SpainyItaly,theNetherIandsandJapan;thefiguresforbIacks

andLatinasinthestateareparticularlyappa11ing.Whateveryourviews

onabortion,thesestatisticsadduptoanawfullotofheartache.

SomepeopIeareinfavorofthepropositionbecausetheythink

A.itmayreducethenumberofteenagepregnancies.

B.itmightprotectgirlsfrombeingraped.

C.thecurrentlawisnotfairtoallgirls.

D.thecurrentlawisattackedbymanyparents.

8.TherewereanumberofcarvedstonefigurespIacedatintervalsalong

theparapetsoftheoldCathedral;someofthemrepresentedangels,others

kingsandbishops,andnearlyalIwereinattitudesofpiousexaItation

andcomposure.Butonefigure,lowdownonthecoldnorthsideofthe

building,hadneithercrown,mitre,nornimbus,anditsfacewashard

andbitteranddowncast;itmustbeademon,decIaredthefatbIuepigeons

thatroostedandsunnedthemseIvesalIdayontheIedgesoftheparapet;

buttheoldbelfryjackdaw,whowasanauthorityoneccIesiasticaI

architecture,saiditwasalostsoul.Andtherethematterrested.One

autumndaythereflutteredontotheCathedralroofaslender,

sweet-voicedbirdthathadwanderedawayfromthebarefieldsandthinning

hedgerowsinsearchofawinterroosting-pIace.Ittriedtorestitstired

feetundertheshadeofagreatangeI-wingortonestleinthesculptured

foIdsofakingIyrobe,butthefatpigeonshustIeditawayfromwherever

itsettIed,andthenoisysparrow-folkdroveitofftheledges.No

respectablebirdsangwithsomuchfeelingtheycheepedonetoanother,

andthewandererhadtomoveon.OnlytheeffigyoftheLostSouloffered

aplaceofrefuge.Thepigeonsdidnotconsideritsafetoperchona

projectionthatIeanedsomuchoutoftheperpendicuIar,andwas,besides,

toomuchintheshadow.Thefiguredidnotcrossitshandsinthepious

attitudeoftheothergravendignitaries,butitsarmswerefoIdedas

indefianceandtheirangIemadeasnugresting-pIacefortheIittIebird.

EveryeveningitcrepttrustfuIlyintoitscorneragainstthestonebreast

oftheimagefandthedarkIingeyesseemedtokeepwatchoveritssiumbers.

ThelonelybirdgrewtoloveitsIoneIyprotector,andduringtheday

itwouldsitfromtimetotimeonsomerainshootorotherabutmentand

trillforthitssweetestmusicingratefuIthanksforitsnightlyshelter.

Andfitmayhavebeentheworkofwindandweather,orsomeotherinfIuence,

butthewiIddrawnfaceseemedgraduallytolosesomeofitshardness

andunhappiness.Everyday,throughthelongmonotonoushours,thesong

ofhislittleguestwouldcomeupinsnatchestotheIoneIywatcher,and

atevening,whenthevesper-belIwasringingandthegreatgreybatssiid

outoftheirhiding-pIacesinthebelfryroof,thebrighteyedbirdwould

return,twitterafewsIeepynotes,andnestIeintothearmsthatwere

waitingforhim.ThosewerehappydaysfortheDarkImage.Onlythegreat

be11oftheCathedralrangoutdailyitsmockingmessage,“Afterjoy...

sorrow.nThefolkintheverger1slodgenoticedalittlebrownbird

flittingabouttheCathedraIprecincts,andadmireditsbeautifuIsinging.

Theywerepoor,buttheyunderstoodtheprinciplesofpoliticaleconomy.

Sotheycaughtthebirdandputitinalittlewickercageoutsidethe

lodgedoor.Thatnightthelittlesongsterwasmissingfromitsaccustomed

haunt,andtheDarkImageknewmorethaneverthebitternessofIoneliness.

WhenmorningcametherefIoateduptohim,throughthenoiseandbustle

oftheCathedralworld,afaintheart-achingmessagefromtheprisoner

inthewickercagefarbeIow.Andeveryday,athighnoon,thesongof

thelittlebirdcameuptotheparapets-asongofhungerandlonging

andhopelessness,acrythatcouldneverbeanswered.Thepigeonsremarked,

betweenmealtimes,thatthefigureIeanedforwardmorethaneveroutof

theperpendicular.Onedaynosongcameupfromthelittlewickercage.

TherewasacrackIingsoundinthenightontheCathedralroofandanoise

asoffallingmasonry.Thebelfryjackdawsaidthefrostwasaffecting

thefabric,andashehadexperiencedmanyfrostsitmusthavebeenso.

InthemorningitwasseenthattheFigureoftheLostSoulhadtoppIed

fromitscorniceandlaynowinabrokenmassonthedustheapoutside

theverger1sIodge.

AnewbirdfIiedontotheCathedralroofinvnediateIybecause

A.itlostitswayandintrudedintotheCathedral.

B.itacquaintedwiththefatbluepigeons.

C.itneedanesttospendthecomingwinter.

D.itwasattractedbythegreatangel-wings.

9.ForadmissionsofficersreviewingapplicationsisIikefinal-examweek

forstudents-exceptitlastsformonths.GreatappIicationstelIuswe'

vedoneourjobwell,byattractingtop-caliberstudents.Butit's

cha11engingtomaintainthefreneticpacewithoutforgettingtheseare

alIrealpeopIewithrealaspirations-peopIewhoseIifestoriesweare

heretounravel,iftheywi11letus.Theessayisakeypieceoflearning

thoseIifestories.IIivenearLosAngeles,whereeverydayscreenplays

arereadwithoutregardforhumancontext.Thewriter1sIifeanddreams

don'tmatter-alIthatmattersisthewriting,theideas,theendproduct.

Ontheotherhand,inreadingessays,contextdoesmatter:whowrotethis

Wearedriventoputthejigsawpuzzletogetherbecausewethinkweare

buildingacommunity,notjustchoosingneatstories.WhenIpickupa

file,IwanttoknowwhetherthestudenthassibIingsornot,whohis

parentsare,wherehewenttohighschooI.ThenIwanttheessaytohelp

therestoftheapplicationmakesense,tohumanizealIthenumbersthat

flowpast.IamIooking