北京中考英語閱讀理解真題及答案解析

2011年北京中考英語閱讀理解真題及答案解析

閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文■根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容■從短文后各題所給的A、&QD四個選項中,選擇最佳選五

A

Susan,theUS

MybestfriendisFanny.Sheiscleverandinteresting.Wealwayslook

aftereachother.Thefirstweekwemet,Igotsickandshelookedafter

meeveryday.

Betty,England

MybestfriendisAna.Sheishonestandserious.Wewereborninthe

samecityinEngland.ThenImovedtoAmericawithmyfamily.Ithought

IwouldneverseeAnaagain.WhenIwenttocollegeinNewYour,Ana

andIsharedthesameroom!

KenzJapan

IlovetospendtimewithDaisukebecauseheisfunnyandsmart.We

enjoytalkingaboutthefunnythingswedidwhenwewerechildren,and

tellthesamestupidjokesoverandoveragain.

Lily,Australia

Lindaisaveryconfidentgirlandsheisreallykind.Somepeoplemay

wonderwhyLindaandIarebestfriendsbecausewetotallydifferent,

butIthinkthisiswhywearesuchgoodfriends.

1.WhoisSusan'sbestfriend?

A.Ana.B.Fanny.C.Linda.D.Daisuke.

答案：B

【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Susan定位至表格一，根據(jù)表格一首句信息可知選項B為正確答案。

2.WhereisKenfrom?

A.Australia.B.TheUS.C.England.D.Japan.

答案：D

【解析】根據(jù)關(guān)健詞Ken定位至表格二，根據(jù)表格二標題信息可知Ken來自日本（Japan）,選項D為正確答案。

3.WhatisLindalike?

A.Confidentandkind.B.Funnyandsmart.

C.Honestandserious.D.Cleverandinteresting.

答案：A

【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Linda可定位至表格四，根據(jù)表格四首句關(guān)鍵詞confiden用Jkind可知選項防描述Linda

的正確答案。

B

DereckJoubertandhiswife,Beverly,havemademanyfilmsaboutwildanimalsinAfrica.Their

filmsandphotographsareverypopularandoneofthephotographshasbeenonthefront

coverofaNationalGeographicmagazine.

AworkingdayfoeDereckandBeverlystartsveryearly-at4:30inthemorning!That'swhen

AworkingdayroeUereckandBeverlystartsveryearly-at4：3Uinthemorning!matswhen

theygetupandstartfilming.Andit'salongday-theyoftenworkuntil8:30intheevening.In

thewinterit'sverycoldandinthesummeritcanbe40y.Dereckalwaysdoesthefilming-

Beverlyneverdoesthat,andshedoesn'twrite.ButDerecknevertakesphotographsor

recordsthesound.Theyworkverywellasateam,andtheybothbelieveweshouldshoot

animalswithcameras-notwithguns!

Whentheyhavefinishedfilmingandtakingphotographsfortheday,theyhavedinnerand

DereckusuallywriteswhileBeverlylooksatherphotographs.Atnight,theyusuallysleepina

smalltent,buttheysometimessleepintheLandCruiser-whenyou'reveryclosetowild

animals,it'ssometimessafertosleepinthecar.

DereckandBeverlyhavealsotraveledaroundtheworldandgiventalksabouttheirwork.

Derecksaysthatanimalsarenotjustsomethingtolookat-theyplayanimportantrole.Beverly

thinksthewildanimalscanteachusalotaboutourselves.

1.DereckandBeverlystartworking.

A.at4:30inthemorningB.at4:30intheafternoon

C.at8:30inthemorningD.at8:30intheevening

答案：A

【解析】分析選項可發(fā)現(xiàn)本題考查對于時間細節(jié)的提取把握，抓住這一關(guān)鍵特征到文章中尋找對應信息。不難定位

至文章第二段，選出答案A。

2.DereckandBeverlyusuallysleepatnight.

A.inacarB.inatentC.inahouseD.inahotel

答案：A

【解析】根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后關(guān)鍵詞sleep,atnigh用結(jié)合文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，不難將答案定位至文章倒數(shù)第二段，由文

章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話不難選出答案A?

HiiclzuHtau/ilrlnnimnlu

3.Beverlythinksthewildanimals.

A.aresomethingtolookatB.areverypopular

C.playanunimportantroleD.canteachusalot

答案：D

【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)健詞Beverly,think,wildanima詫位至文章最后一段最后一句話，由此句話不難找到

Beverly對于野生動物的觀點，即能教會我們很多（wildanimalscanteachusalotaboutourselves.）選

項D正確.

C

Whatdoyoudoifyou'restranded（處于困境的）onalonelyisland?Surelyyouneedtofinda

waytogetintouchwiththeoutsideworld.Yourbestchanceofdoingthisistodrawthe

attentionofapassingplane.

Bodysignals（信號）

Pilotsfromdifferentcountriesunderstandbodysignalsiftheyhavethecorrecttraining.When

youwaveyourarmsupanddowninastraightline,itmeans"yes”.Whenyoupoint

downwardsandswingyourarmfromsidetoside,itmeans"no".Ifyouwantthepilottoknow

thatit'ssafetoland,pushyourhandsoutinfrontofyouandbend（彎曲）yourknees.Ifyou

wanttosaythatit'snotsafetoland,putyourarmsintheairandmovethemtooneside.

Smokesignals

Thesmokefromafirecanbeseenfromfaraway,soit'sagoodwaytodrawattention.Ifthe

weatherisdry,itisn'thardtostartafire.Remember,however,thatfirescanbevery

dangerousiftheygetoutofcontrol.Neverlightafireunlessyou'resurethatitcan'tspread.If

thegroundisdark,lightsmokecanbeseenmoreeasily.Greengrassandleavesproducelight

smoke.

Ground-to-airsignals

It'sagoodideatobuildsomesignals,too.Uselargepiecesofwoodtomakethesymbols(標

記).Ifyoucan'tfindanywood,useearth.Someusefulsymbolsare:

F"Ineedfoodandwater.**

IIneedmedicine."

IMIambadlyhurt?

X"Iamunabletomovefromhere."

Pilots'replies

Ifthepilotlowerstheplane'swingsfromsidetoside,thismeans"messagereceivedand

understood".(Atnight,thepilotflashestheplane'sgreenlights.)Ifthepilotsfliestheplaneir

aclockwisecircle,thismeans"messagereceivedbutnotunderstood0.(Atnight,thepilot

flashestheplane'sredlights.)

However,thereisnosignalwhichmeans"messagenotreceived*'.Whynot?

1.Whichpicturemeans"it'snotsafelandH?

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Swingingyourarmfromsidetosidemeans"yes".

B.Ifthegroundisdark,lightsmokecan'tbeseen.

C.Ifyouneedsomemedicine,makeasymbol"H".

B.Ifthegroundisdark,lightsmokecan'tbeseen.

C.Ifyouneedsomemedicine,makeasymbolMnM.

D.Thepilotsmakereplieswithabluelightatnight.

3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Theexplanationofbuildingsignalsonanisland.

B.Theimportanceofmakingsignalsonanisland.

C.Waysofsendingoutsignalsonalonelyisland.

D.Waysofreceivingsignalsfromalonelyisland

【解析】

1.D.細節(jié)題?關(guān)鍵在定位.從選項的圖像來看全部是人在做什么什么動作，所以可以推測出答窠在body

signals這一段找.再通過小技巧-中文出現(xiàn)部分設(shè)題概率高，快速看到bodysignals部分的中文bend（彎

曲），“彎曲”存在的這一句是ifyouwantthepilottoknowthatit'ssafetoland,而題目要求是"it'snot

safetoland">所以可以推出答案在下一句中找"ifyouwanttosaythatit'snotsafetoland,putyour

armsintheairandmovethemtooneside.”所以答案選D。

2.C.細節(jié)題?定位找答案.遜項swingingyourarm可看出還是bodysignals處找答案。第二排出現(xiàn)：

whenyouwaveyourarmsupanddowninastraightline,itmeans"yes.”對比選項，選項中

說“fromsidetoside”從一邊到另一邊>而upanddown指的是上上下下，所以礴項不對。B選項出現(xiàn)關(guān)健

詞"lightsmoke”所以可以知道答案在smokesignals中找，在本段倒數(shù)第二句"ifthegroundisdark,light

smokecanbeseenmoreeasily.”所以B選項屬于相反選項設(shè)計。C選項的關(guān)鍵詞是文中表示“1need

medicine.”所以C選項為正確答案。泌項關(guān)鍵詞'pilotsmakereplies”所以答案在pilots'replies出找，本段

最后一句話：atnight,thepilotflashestheplane'sredlights.所以Dili不對.

3.C.主旨題.A為在島嶼上建筑標志的解釋，為無關(guān)選項。B所在島上做標記的重要性，也是無關(guān)選項。C說在孤

島上發(fā)送信號的方式。D是從孤島上接受信號的方式.某種意義上說C,D是完全相反選項。答案是C.文中敘述的都

是如何通知Pilots自己在孤島上.

u

MysummerholswrCWOT.B4,weusd2go2NY2Cmybro,hisCF&thr3:-@kidsFTFILNY,its

gr8.

Canyouunderstandthissentence?Ifyoucan't,don'tfeeltoobad:neithercouldthemiddle

schoolteacherinEnglandwhoreceivedthisashomework.ThisisNetspeak:thelanguageof

computerizedcommunicationfoundonInternetorcellphones.Tonewcomers,itcanlooklikea

completelyforeignlanguage.So,whatisthe"translation"ofthesentenceabove?Mysummer

holidayswereacompletewasteoftime.Before,weusedtogotoNewYorktoseemybrother,

hisgirlfriend,andtheirthreescreamingkidsfacetoface.IloveNewYork;it'sgreat.

Schoolteachersandparentssaythisnewformofwritingisharming（破壞）theEnglish

language.Increasingspellingandgrammaticalmistakescxanbeseeninstudents'writing.They

fearthelanguagecouldbecomecorrupted（面目全非的）.

Everyoneshouldjustrelax,saylinguists（語言學家）.TheybelieveNetspeakisinfactmoreofa

goodthing.DavidCrystal,fromtheUniversityofWales,arguesthatNetspeakandInternet

createanewlanguageuseandthealmostlostartofdiarywritinghasbeenpickedupagain.

GeoffreyNunberg,fromStanfordUniversity,agrees.MPeoplegetbetteratwritingbywriting/,

hesays,“Kidswhoarenowdoingtextmessaging,e-mail,andinstantmessageswillwriteat

leastaswellas,andpossiblybetterthan,theirparents."

LinguistJamesMillroysays,forcenturies,itisbelievedwithoutexceptionthatyoungpeopleare

harmingthelanguage.Andyoucanbetyourbottomdollarthatwhentoday'steenagers

becometomorrow'sparents,theytoowillthinkthisway.Milroyarguesthatlanguagesdonot

andcannotbecome"corrupted*';theysimplychangetomeetthenewneeds.

However,Netspeakersdoagreethatitisimportanttoteachyoungpeoplehowtospeakand

writeStandardEnglish.CynthiaMcVeysays,NIcanunderstandNetspeakworriesteachersand

it'simportantthattheygetacrosstotheirpupilsthattextmessagingisforfun,butthat

learningtowriteproperEnglishisamustfortheirfuture."

Perhapsweshouldgiveteenagersalittlemoretrustanyway.Erin,age12,says,"Iwouldn't

learningtowriteproperEnglishisamustfortheirfuture.**

Perhapsweshouldgiveteenagersalittlemoretrustanyway.Erin,age12,says,MIwouldn't

usetextlanguageinmyhomework.Textingisjustforfun"

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Togiveanexampleofaforeignlanguage.

B.Toshowanexampleofcreativemethods.

C.ToexpressworriesaboutusingNetspeak.

D.ToleadinthetopicofNetspeak.

答案：D

【解析】在審題過程中請大家主語是mainpurpose而不是mainidea，第一段就一句話，而且是讓人咋看起開一

頭霧水的句子，這樣的句子用在開頭，很明顯是為了引出下文?；蛘叽蠹铱梢赃\用排除法文章主要對象是

netspeak,而A,B兩項沒有提到netspeak故排除，又因為C選項在感情色彩上是負面，與原文感情色彩相違

背，故答案選擇D?

2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.CynthiaMcVeypointsoutteenagerscandealwithNetspeakproperly.

B.GeoffreyNunbergbelievesNetspeakerscanwriteStandardEnglish.

C.DavidCiystalthinksNetspeakhelpsdevelopthehabitofwriting.

D.JamesMilroysaysthatlanguageischangingandimproving.

答案：C

【解析】本題為判斷正誤題，也叫做細節(jié)推斷題，解題方法依據(jù)選項中的人物專有名詞來定位找要點，A定位詞為

CM在原文倒數(shù)第二個自然段出現(xiàn)，其中引號的句子中用了worne當答案中的properly1目皮，所以排除；B定位

詞為GN和StandardEnglish.文中出現(xiàn)StandardEnglish.是在倒數(shù)第二個自然段與CM相關(guān)的信息，所以此選

前為典型的張冠至麟：方先項為長面的至大苴辭.立童星面只能看和annnaaRischanninc,而沿疝任何細節(jié)提

-17QcfZ

項為典型的張冠李戴；D選項為片面的夸大其辭，文章層面只能看到languageischanging,而沒有任何細節(jié)提

到improving,所以根據(jù)文章第四自然段可以推斷出C為正確選項。

3.Theexpressionbetyourbottomdollar'inParagraph5means.

A.befairlysureB.begreatlysurprised

C.thinkitapityD.finditinteresting

答案：A

【解析】本題為短語推斷題，解題方法結(jié)合上下文邏輯關(guān)系，上文提到年輕人會harming語言，下文接著說當他

們成為父母后，theytoowillthinkthisway.他們也會這么想，那么中間空出一定是強調(diào)，并凸顯出下文，那

么最滿足條件的解釋是磁項?

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Netspeak:AWidely-UsedLanguageonInternet

B.IsNetspeakHarmingtheEnglishLanguage?

C.IsNetspeakHelpfulinLanguageLearning?

D.Netspeak:AdvantagesandDisadvantages

答案：B

【解析】本題為主旨大意題，結(jié)合專家的觀點，既引號中的句子我們可以斷定，全文的中心思想是為了凸顯出

netspea的好，A選項文章沒有凸顯出widely-usedC選項沒有重點提及到languagelearningD文章觀點

很鮮明，并不是正反觀點的論證，故答案選擇B。

閱讀短文.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容.從短文后的五個選項中選出能埴入空白處的最佳選項.選項中有一項為多余

選項.

KennyandBobbiMcCaugheyliveinIowa.Theyhaveabigfamily.Mikaylaistheoldestchildin

thefamily.Sheissixyearsold.TheottierchildrenareBrandon,Joe,Kelsey,Kenney,Natalie,

AlexisandNathan.Theyareallfiveyearsold.Whyaretheyallthesameage?(1).They

AlexisandNathan.Theyareallfiveyearsold.Whyaretheyallthesameage?(1).They

areseptuplets!

Itishardworktolookaftersevenbabiesatthesametime.(2).Inthebeginning,many

peoplehelpedthem.Theyhelpedtofeed,clean,anddressthebabies.Everyweek,the

septupletsusedabout170diapers(尿布)!(3).

Nowthechildrenareolder.Theseptupletsstartedschoolthisyear.Buttheygotoschoolat

home,liketheirbigsister,Mikayla.WhenMikaylawasreadyforschool,KennyandBobbi

decidedtoteachherathome.(4).NowBobbiistheteacherforalleightofherchildren.

A.Theydrankalotofmilk,too.

B.Becausetheywerebomtogether.

C.Lastyear,BobbiwasMikayla^teacher.

D.KennyandBobbiareinterestedincooking.

E.ButKennyandBobbididn'tlookafterthem

alone.

1.答案：B.

【解析】我們發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)鍵詞“Bom”與age、fiveyears。1/目呼應.再看空格的前兩句內(nèi)容提到Theyareall

fiveyearsold.Whyaretheyallthesameage?結(jié)合常理我們能夠得到他們應該是同時出生的。分析五個

選項，排除不符合前后文意思內(nèi)容的選項。再通過后文說Theyareseptuplets!（七胞胎）第二個選項明顯符合先

后文的因果關(guān)系，故選B?

2.答案:E.

【解析】先看單詞，lookafte虔現(xiàn).看空的前后，前文說同時照顧七個寶寶是個艱辛的工作，后文說起初有很多

人幫助他們。前后邏輯是相反的，所以中間應該有轉(zhuǎn)折。再看選項，把各個選項實在帶入只有E符合前后行文順序

其它的內(nèi)容均與該空無關(guān)，故選E.

4.答案：C.

【解析】關(guān)鍵詞復現(xiàn)：Bobbi和關(guān)鍵詞替換原文中的teac也選項中的teacher,從邏輯看，帶入C,去年Bobbi是

MikayIM）老師，與下文現(xiàn)在她是所有孩子的老師成順承關(guān)系.同時注意空格后一句的內(nèi)容.把選項G入前后文

所描述的內(nèi)容一致-故選G.其它選項與本題前后內(nèi)容描述不一致邏輯不一致，故不選。

閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問建?

Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer（節(jié)儉的消費者）isone

waytohelp.But,whatexactlydoesthatmean?

UseItUp

Youcanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeezethatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthe

tube.Uset±ielastlittlepieceofsoap.Don'tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomof

thebox.

WearItOut

Youdonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakershavebrokenlaces,but

theystillfityou.Repairthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon'thavethelatestiPhoneuntilthe

oldonedoesn'tworkanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone.Thinktwicebeforereplacing

somethingthatstillworks.

MakeItDo

Whensomethingyouwantisnotonhand,lookforsomethingelsethatyoualreadyhaveto

takeitsplace.Supposeyouarepackingyourlunchfortomorrowandwantabuttersandwich.

Youareoutofbutter.Haveacheesesandwichinsteadsothatyoucanuseallofthecheese.

Learntofixbrokentoysinsteadofjustthrowingthemaway.Withalittlethought,youcan

makesomethingdo,i