2021屆高考英語-狀語從句復(fù)習(xí)

2021屆高考英語-狀語從句復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句的分類:時(shí)間狀語從句,地點(diǎn)狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句，目的狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，方式狀語從句，讓步狀語從句等。練習(xí)：請(qǐng)畫出下列句子的狀語從句，并指出它屬于哪種狀語從句。1.Whenhewasstillayoungman,hewasforcedtoleavehishomelandforpoliticalreasons.()2.I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.()3.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.()4.Hewassocleverastudentthathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.()5.Hewasabsentfromthemeetingbecausehehadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.()6.Ifyousticktopractisingsinging,Iamsureyouwillsucceed.()7.Although/Thoughheisold,hestillleadsanactivelife.()8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewereherownson.()一.時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語的引導(dǎo)詞可分為三類：1.普通連詞：when,while,as,before,after,until(till),since,once.1)when,while區(qū)別a.when使用的范圍最廣，最多，通常來說，都作“當(dāng)......時(shí)”講時(shí)，when可替換while,但是while有時(shí)卻不能代替when。when從句的動(dòng)作既可是短暫性，也可是持續(xù)性。當(dāng)when用于句型“bedoing.../beabouttodo.../haddone...when....”時(shí)，譯為“這時(shí)”。b.while從句動(dòng)作只能是持續(xù)性，簡(jiǎn)單地說while從句結(jié)構(gòu)為：while+主語+be動(dòng)詞＋表語/while+主語+be動(dòng)詞+doing。(while還可以作為并列連詞,表示對(duì)比，譯為“而／然而”)練習(xí)：填空。1.Iwaswalkinginthestreet_____________Isawhim.2.Iwasabouttogooutforawalk__________itbegantorain.3.___________Wearecrossingtheroad,weshouldbecareful.4.____________myfriendwasonabusinesstripinBeijing,Itookcareofhiscat.5.__________timewentby,hegraduallyrealizedwhatIhadsaid.=___________________________,hegraduallyrealizedwhatIhadsaid.6.Itwasn'tlong__________thenewswaswidelyspread.7.Ithasbeen5years__________IsawyouinLondon.8.Heisateacher__________histwinbrotherisadriver.2.表示“一......就......”的連詞：assoonas,themomment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,nosooner...than...,hardly...when...等。a.assoonas跟themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant的用法意思都一樣，可以直接替換。b.nosooner...than...與hardly...when用法相同，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)，可以直接替換彼此。這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)與assoonas意思一樣，但是用法不同。如：Assoonas/Themoment/Theinstant/Theminute/ThesecondIenteredmyoffice,itbegantorain.我一進(jìn)入辦公室，就開始下起雨。＝Ihadnosoonerenteredmyoffice_____________________________.=I______________________________whenitbegantorain.c.nosooner...than...與hardly...when...經(jīng)常使用部分倒裝句，即把nosooner和hardly放句首，主句用部分倒裝句。如：1)NosoonerhadIenteredmyofficethanitbegantorain.=Hardly_____________________________________________________.2)我一到家就意識(shí)到我把我的英語課本落在圖書館了。Assoonas________________,Irealizedthat_____________________________.=Themoment/minute/second/instant_________________________________,Irealizedthat_________________________.=I________hardly___________________________________________________.=I________nosooner_____________________________________________.=Nosooner______________________________________________________.=Hardly________________________________________________________.注：有時(shí)時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，即主將從現(xiàn)規(guī)則。如：1)AssoonasIarrive,I_________________(ring)youup.2)你長(zhǎng)大了就會(huì)理解我的。Whenyou______________________________________________.3.含有“time”的連詞有：everytime,nexttime,lasttime,thefirst/…time,bythetime等。1)每次她想起她的女兒，她都覺得無比驕傲。2)我第一次來這個(gè)城市的時(shí)候，就深深被它吸引了。Thefirsttime_________________,I________________________________.(thefirsttime與forthefirsttime的區(qū)別在于thefirsttime可作連詞引導(dǎo)從句，還可以作主語或賓語，但是forthefirsttime作為狀語成分，不能引導(dǎo)從句，并且不能作主語也不能作賓語。)2、地點(diǎn)狀語從句通常由連詞where引導(dǎo)。如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.__________________________________。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater._____________________________。3、原因狀語從句通常由連詞：because,as,for,since,nowthat引導(dǎo)。a.because，as,for都表示“因?yàn)椤?。because跟as，for的區(qū)別：1)直接而明確的原因和理由，語氣最強(qiáng).2)用來why提問的句子，用because回答；3)可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句。這是because與as,for的區(qū)別。如：Itisbecauseheistoolazy.4）用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。正是因?yàn)樗皇煜み@個(gè)城市他才迷了路。_____________________________________________________________.b.nowthat＝since意為“既然”。既然我們是成年人了，我們應(yīng)該自己作決定了。_______________________________________________________________.4、目的狀語從句通常由sothat,inorderthat,incase（免得、以防),forfearthat(生怕，以免）等引導(dǎo)。a.sothat=inorderthat意為“為了”，引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動(dòng)詞由could/can/may/might...+動(dòng)詞原形組成。b.incase=forfearthat都意為“以防，以免”。從句謂語動(dòng)詞由should+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。1）Hegotmarriedtohim_______________________________________.(她為了能夠照顧和安慰他)2)AlectureaboutBritishwillbegivenonOctober15th,2018_________________________________________________.(為了讓我們更加熟悉英國(guó)的文化)3)Iexplaineditoverandoveragainforfearthat/incaseheshouldmisundertandme.______________________________________________________________。5、結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat,so…that,such…that引導(dǎo)。a.sothat意為“以致于”。sothat也可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，意為“為了”，相當(dāng)于inorderthat，目的狀語從句謂語由情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞組成，但是結(jié)果狀語從句謂語動(dòng)詞里沒有情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。b.so...that與such...that都意為“如此......以致于......”但是用法不同。so加形容詞或副詞，such+名詞短語,但是有一種情況它們可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。如：1)Sheissorespectableateacherthatweshowgreatrespectforher.=__________________________________________________.(such...that...)2)公交車有太多人了以致于我們擠不進(jìn)去。_______________________________________________________________.6、條件狀語從句由if,unless(＝if...not...如果不，除非),aslongas(=solongas)(只要),incase(that)(萬一)等引導(dǎo)。在條件狀語中，謂語常使用“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。1）只要你聽取醫(yī)生的建議，你很快會(huì)取得完全康復(fù)。2)如果你不勇敢面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，你就會(huì)失敗。Unlessyou_____________________________,You____________________.3)Incaseitrains,thesportsmeetingwillbeputofftillnextFriday.=Incase______rain,thesportsmeetingwillbeputofftillnextFriday._________________________________________________________________.注：a.incase+從句，incaseof+名詞，但是兩者都意為“萬一”。b.if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，當(dāng)假設(shè)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或與事實(shí)相反時(shí)，主從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要使用虛擬語氣。主從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式還得看與什么時(shí)候的事實(shí)相反，是現(xiàn)在，還是過去，抑或是將來。如：1)IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.(與__________的事實(shí)相反)2)IfIhadcometoherhouseyesterday,Iwouldhaveseenhim.(與___________的事實(shí)相反)3)Ifitsnowedtomorrow,Iwouldmakeabeautifulsnowmanforyou.（與_____________的事實(shí)相反）從句謂語主句謂語與過去的事實(shí)相反would/should/might/could+havedone與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反would/should/might/could+do與將來的事實(shí)相反did/wereshould+doweretodowould/should/might/could+do練習(xí)：1）Ifyou____________(tell)meinadvance,I_______________(see)himoffattheairport.2)Ifyou_______(be)me,whatwouldyoudonow?3)IfI________(have)amilliondollars,I______________(donate)30%tothecharity.4)Heissufferingfromaseriousflunow.Ifhe___________(make)afullrecoverytomorrow,Iwouldtakehimtomygrandmother'shouse.7、方式狀語從句由連詞：as(按照......的方式),asif,asthough引導(dǎo)。asif=asthough引導(dǎo)的從句若與事實(shí)相反或不大可能會(huì)發(fā)生時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語氣，若從句情況有極大可能發(fā)生時(shí)則用陳述語氣。1）Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.________________________________________________________。2)Themanwalkedasifhewasdrunk.(他喝醉了是極大可能的，所以用陳述語氣)3)Theoldmantreatsusasifhewereourfather.(他不可能是我們的爸爸，所以從句謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣，與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反，用動(dòng)詞___________，be只能用___________)4)Theboywalkedintotheclassroomasifhehadboughttheschool.(與過去的事實(shí)相反，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用________________)5)Otherchildrenlooksathimcuriouslyasifhe________(be)amoney.6)TheboytalkedaboutRomeasifhe____________(be)therebefore.8、讓步狀語從句由though,although,as(雖然,盡管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引導(dǎo).a.though=although,不能與but連用。b.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),從句部分語序要部分倒裝，即把從句里的表語形容詞，表語名詞（省略名詞前的冠詞），狀語副詞，情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞，或進(jìn)行時(shí)或被動(dòng)語態(tài)的分詞提到as之前。如：Childasheis,hehastosupporthisfamily.Hardashetried,hefailed.c.eventhough=evenif，意為“即使”。d.wh-ever=howmatterwh-,意為“無論......”，wh-ever指的是whatever,whichever,whoever,wherever,whenever,whomever,however。wh-ever還可用來引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句，但是howmatterwh-則不能。練習(xí)：1._________mostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccept.2._____________youcallonme,youarealwayswelcome.=___________________________________________________.3.__________hecomesornot,wewilldiscusstheproblemthisafternoon.4.Young_______heis,hecanspeakandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.=_______________________________________________________.5._____________________________(雖然我們被敵人包圍著)，wemanagedtomarchforward.6.無論你作出什么決定，我們都會(huì)支持你。非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語與狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)習(xí)。通常來說，非謂語動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間，讓步，原因，條件，目的狀語可以轉(zhuǎn)換為時(shí)間，讓步，原因，條件，目的狀語從句，所以希望大家在寫作用好好利用。1.分詞作時(shí)間狀語通常可以轉(zhuǎn)換為when或after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。a.Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttoplayfootball.＝_______________hefinishedhishomework,hewenttoplayfootball.b.Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.____________________________________________________________.2.分詞作讓步狀語可以轉(zhuǎn)換為though,as或although所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，記得as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要使用部分倒裝句型。a.Beingtired,hecouldn'tfallasleep.=Although/though________________________,hecouldn'tfallasleep.=___________________________________________________________.b.Surrou