英語(yǔ)教材解讀人教九年級(jí)上冊(cè)Section A Grammer focus-4c

根據(jù)課本內(nèi)容，完成下列句子。1.拉鏈?zhǔn)鞘裁磿r(shí)候被發(fā)明的？

___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被發(fā)明。

It_______________in1893.GrammarFocuswasinventedWhenwasinvented3.它是由誰(shuí)發(fā)明的？

___________itinvented______?4.它是由惠特科姆?賈得森發(fā)明的。

It_______________WhitcombJudson.5.茶葉什么時(shí)候被帶到朝鮮去的？

___________tea_________toKorea?6.是在六到七世紀(jì)之間被帶到朝鮮。

It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.wasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringWhowasby7.熱冰淇淋勺用來(lái)做什么？

What___thehotice-creamscoop__________?8.它用來(lái)挖很冷的冰淇淋。

It’s_______________reallycoldice-cream.usedforservingisusedfor9.貝爾于1876年發(fā)明了電話機(jī)。

AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.10.電話機(jī)在1876年被貝爾所發(fā)明。Grammar英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。Theclassroomwascleanedyesterday.教室昨天被打掃。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)theclassroom是clean這一動(dòng)作的承受者)如：Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.我們昨天打掃了教室。(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)we是clean這一動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(+by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者).”。如：Treeswereplantedlastspring.去年春天種了樹(shù)。1.肯定句：

主語(yǔ)+was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞+其他.e.g.Paperwasinvented

byChinesepeopletwothousandyearsago.

紙是中國(guó)人在二千多年前發(fā)明的。

2.

否定句：

主語(yǔ)+was/werenot+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)

去分詞+其他.e.g.

Womenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegamesatfirst.

開(kāi)始婦女不允許參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)。e.g.Wasthispicturedrawnbyyoursister?

這幅畫(huà)是你妹妹畫(huà)的嗎？

3.一般疑問(wèn)句：

Was/Were+主語(yǔ)

+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分

詞+其他?二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：1.不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

e.g.English

isspokenallovertheworld.全世界都在說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。2.需要突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。

e.g.Thisdictionaryisusedbymoststudents.

這本字典是大多數(shù)學(xué)生在用的。1.有些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)介詞或副詞不能去掉。

e.g.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.→Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.

會(huì)議因天氣的緣故被推遲了。三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題2.含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，

通常把指“人”的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，

指“物”的直接賓語(yǔ)保留不變；如果把

指“物”的直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，則在間接

語(yǔ)前加to或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeane-dictionaryyesterday.

I

wasgivenane-dictionaryyesterday.

Ane-dictionarywasgiven

tome

yesterday.3.主動(dòng)句中感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/watch/feel等和使役動(dòng)詞make/let/have等后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)加上不定式符號(hào)to。e.g.Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.

Aheavymanwasseentoenterthehouse.4.系動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞或某些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（happen,takeplace,cometrue,fallasleep…）沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?

布朗先生發(fā)生了什么事？將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.Hechosesixstorybookstheotherday. Sixstorybooks____________byhimthe otherday.2.UncleLeegaveJackalargecakeforhe paintedthewallwonderfully. Jack__________alargecakeforhe paintedthewallwonderfully.練一練wasgivenwerechosenExercise3.Amouseatehalfofthecakelastnight. Halfofthecake__________byamouselastnight.waseaten將下列句子變?yōu)橹鲃?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4.WerethesemachinesinventedbyEdison? _____Edison_______thesemachines?Didinvent5.ThepostcardwassenttoLindabyPaul. Paul_____thepostcard___Linda.6.AmericawasdiscoveredbyColumbus. Columbus__________America.senttodiscovered對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)7.Shoeswithlightswereusedforseeingin

thedark. ___________shoeswithlights______for?8.PaperwasinventedinChinaalmosta

thousandyearsago. ___________paper_________inChina?usedWhatwereWhenwasinvented4aPracticeRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.【點(diǎn)撥】原句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為sold，賓語(yǔ)為thefridge；改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)將thefridge作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用wassold的形式。1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.【點(diǎn)撥】分析原句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，stole是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞，mycamera是句子的賓語(yǔ)；改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句時(shí)，應(yīng)將mycamera作句子主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用wasstolen的形式。2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.__________________________________________________________________Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos? __________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone. __________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookinto differentlanguages. __________________________________ __________________________________Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisednottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.1.You____________tothepartylastnight, weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden, butluckilythevillagers_____________to asafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringwerebrought4bCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.句子主語(yǔ)you與invite之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。villagers與bring之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系3.Thedoor___________whenwearrived,sowe______thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeator drinkinclass,butRuby______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscience class.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____ them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedthedoor與lock之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；而we與ring之間則為主動(dòng)關(guān)系；其他各題相同。Thetelephone______________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He__________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.wasbornwasinventedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentence.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.4cthetelephone與invent之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系；Mr.Bell與work