初中英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)

PassiveVoice

被動(dòng)語態(tài)

2021/5/91英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

1.當(dāng)我們不知道誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,

2.或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：be+

過去分詞(PP)+(by…)2021/5/92表格：被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)am/is/aredonewas/weredone(shall/will/begoingto)bedonehave/hasbeen

done2021/5/93情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+donemustbedone/mustn’tbedoneshouldbedone/shouldn’tbedonecanbedone/can’tbedonemaybedone/mightbedone2021/5/94各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成

1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：Youareinvitedtodothis.2）一般過去時(shí)：Thestorywastoldbyher.3）一般將來時(shí)：Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.看一看想一想2021/5/954)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.2021/5/96在改寫中應(yīng)注意：1.把原來的賓語提到前面作被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語;2.把動(dòng)詞變成“be+過去分詞”;3.主動(dòng)語態(tài)中的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語。ManypeoplespeakChinese.Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.2021/5/97Heplantstreesinspring.

主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Treesareplantedbyhim改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)inspring.2021/5/98Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.2021/5/99Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrother

everyday.2021/5/9101.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISESareusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）2021/5/9113.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold2021/5/9125.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused2021/5/91310.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone2021/5/91412.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken2021/5/91514.ThestudentsstudyGermaninthisschool.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem2021/5/9161)Teenagersshould_____(allow)togooutatnight.2)Thetelephone_____(invent)byBell.3)English____(speak)inChina.4)Thecar____(make)inChina.5)Theroommust_____(clean)everyday.

beallowedwasinventedisspoken

ismadebecleaned2021/5/917Oralpractice-主動(dòng)句改被動(dòng)句

Oralpractice--1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:Acar

knockedhimdownyesterday.Thesetwokidsplanttreeseveryyear．3)Weshouldprotecttheearth．4)We’llputontheplaynextSunday．Hewasknockeddownbyacaryesterday．Treesareplantedbythesetwokidseveryyear.Theearthshouldbe

protectedbyus.TheplaywillbeputonbyusnextSunday.2021/5/918幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意1：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等動(dòng)詞/短語后作賓語補(bǔ)語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后必須帶to。Beseentodo,bemadetodo,beheardtodo,bewatchedtodo2021/5/919Weshouldlookaftertheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbelookedafterbyus.注意2：有些不及物動(dòng)詞加介詞構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語，如果變被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不能把動(dòng)詞后的介詞丟掉。2021/5/920注意3：主語+連系動(dòng)詞+表語的句子沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

Thefoodtastesdelicious.注意4：therebe結(jié)構(gòu)沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)2021/5/9211。動(dòng)詞(表示主語的屬性特征)

+副詞(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)義2021/5/9227.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished2021/5/9239.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous2021/5/924()1.Themonkeywasseen___