2018年成人學(xué)位英語復(fù)習(xí)資料2

2018年成人學(xué)位英語復(fù)習(xí)資料一、時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài).如何解答時(shí)態(tài)問題例1You’vealreadymissedtoomanyclassesthisterm.Youjustlastweek.A.missedB.wouldmissC.hadmissedD.havemissed例2AnneaskedTomthekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft考試重點(diǎn)2.與完成時(shí)有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)★現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(havedone)since,for/inthepastfewmonths,uptonow例1Collectingtoycarsasahobbybecomesincreasinglypopularduringthepastfiftyyears.A BC D例2Englishinanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears.A.hasbeentaught B.wasbeingtaughthasbeentaught D.hadbeentaught.★過去完成時(shí)(haddone)例3AnneaskedTomthekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftwhydidheleft例4Thechemistryclassforfiveminuteswhenwehurriedthere.A.hadbeenonB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.wouldbegan★將來完成時(shí)(willhavedone)by例5We′relateIexpectthefilmbythetimewegettothecinema.A.hadalreadystartedB.havealreadyC.willalreadyhavestartedD.havealreadybeenstarted.★現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(havebeendoing)例6Itseemsoilfromthispipeforsometime.We'llhavetotakethemachineaparttoputitright.A.hadleakedB.isleakingC.leakedD.hasbeenleaking★過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(hadbeendoing)★ 將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(willhavebeendoing)例7Bythetimeyouarrivethisevening,fortwohours.A.IwillstudyB.IwillhavebeenstudiedC.IhadstudiedD.Iwillhavebeenstudying.3.在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中不用將來時(shí)態(tài)▲用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)例1Whenthemixture,itwillgiveoffapowerfulforce.A.willheatB.willbeheatedC.isheatedD.hasheated例2pleasebesuretotelephonemethenexttimeyou.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.shallcomeD.come▲用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來完成時(shí)例3Smithistostudymedicineassoonashemilitaryservice.A.willfinishB.hasfinishedC.finishD.wouldfinish汪思例4Noonecanbesureifthecarondisplayfitshimorheruntilheorshethem.A.triesB.willtryC.aretryingD.havetried4.考試小竅門?考試中如果遇到與完成時(shí)態(tài)相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)要重點(diǎn)加以研讀一般說來是正確答案。二、情態(tài)動詞幾個(gè)情態(tài)動詞的否定式的含義can’tmaynotmustn’tneed’t表示推測的幾個(gè)情態(tài)動詞用法★must表示肯定的推測意思是“一定”+do 對現(xiàn)在情況的推測must+havedone對過去情況的推測例1Iasleepinthecorner,forIremembernothingofwhathappenedduringthenightA.mightfallB.mustfallC.musthavefallenD.canhavefallen★can't/could't表示否定的推測意思是“不可能”+do 對現(xiàn)在情況的推測can't/couldn't+havedone對過去情況的推測★may/mightnot表示可能性很小的推測意思是“也許」+do 對現(xiàn)在情況的推測may/might+havedone 對過去情況的推測.情態(tài)動詞的完成時(shí)虛擬語氣的用法needn'thavedoneshouldhavedoneshouldnothavedoneoughttohavedonecouldhavedone.考試小竅門在遇到情態(tài)動詞加完成時(shí)和情態(tài)動詞加原形同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的情況下一般說來情態(tài)動詞加完成時(shí)是正確答案。義MustdoJMusthavedone三、虛擬語氣考試重點(diǎn)1.條件句中的虛擬語氣例IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifIhim.A.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.wouldknow例Ifabettermaterial,thestrengthofthepartwouldhavebeenincreased.A.hadbeenusedB.hadbeenusingC.beingusedD.using條件句中的虛擬語氣需要注意以下三點(diǎn)?如果條件句中有were,had,should時(shí)可以把if省略然后把這三個(gè)單詞提前形成倒裝。例3theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.A.IfhetookB.ifheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken?含蓄條件句中虛擬語氣的應(yīng)用三級考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的三個(gè)句型Butfor/without??,otherwise/or???,but/though?，，,,，例Butforyourhelp,Itheworkintime.A.didnotfinishB.couldnotfinishA.willnotfinishD.wouldnothavefinishedWWithoutelectricity,humanlifequitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe例Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwisehetothemeeting.A.wouldhavecomeB.wouldcomeC.couldcomeD.hadcome例Wewouldhavemadealotofmoney,butwehalfwayA.gaveupB.hadgivenupC.wouldgiveupD.weretogiveup?錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句例IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.(should)+動詞原形在某些從句中的應(yīng)用⑴當(dāng)賓語從句從的謂語是suggest,request,insist,desire,demand,propose,order,command,arrange等動詞時(shí)，如：例Isuggestedthatweshouldgothereonfoot.注意:當(dāng)insist表示堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為之意時(shí)，不用虛擬語氣，用陳述語氣.如：例ThemaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoneyItisordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/等后的主語從句中但U Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadytonightadvice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等名詞之后的表語從句和同位語從句中.如:例Mysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingthiseveningwish后的賓與從句中應(yīng)當(dāng)用虛擬語氣ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中wouldrather后的句子的虛擬語氣謂語動詞用過去式itis(high)timethat?.句型中,從句的謂語動詞用過去式四、非謂語動詞不定式?不定式的邏輯主語例Theroadiswildenoughforcarstopassby.例Itisimportantforyoutoworkhard.例Itiskindofyoutohelpme.?不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)但U Themagnificentmuseumissaidaboutahundredyearsago.A.tobebuiltB.tohavebeenbuiltC.tohavebuiltD.tohavebeingbuilt?使用不帶to的不定式1)whynotdo表示委婉的建議WWhynotProfessorLiforhelp?Heiskind-heartedandwillingtohelp.A.askB.youaskC.toaskD.yourasking2)使役動詞have,make,let的后面接不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)用省to的不定式。例Theteacherhasthestudentsacompositioneveryotherweek.A.towriteB.writtenC.writingD.write例Whilehewasclimbingthehighmountain,hehadhislegA.brokeB.breakC.brokenD.breaking例Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimself A.hearingB.beingtoldC.tohearD.heard3)表示生理感覺的動詞如see,watch,notice,observe,hear后面接不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)用省to的不定式。WWithtearsonherface,theoldladywatchedthelittleboytoahospital.A.sendB.tobesentC.beingsentD.sending4)dosomethingbut/exceptdo例Thereisnothingwecandowait.A.butB.ratherthanC.inspiteofC.besides.5）記住下列不帶to的短語can’tbutcan’thelpbuthadbetter動名詞. 有些動詞后面既可以接動名詞又可以按不定式但意思有差異rememberforgetregretstopgoonmean.后面跟動名詞的固定句式havetrouble/problems/difficultdoingsomethingfeellikespend/waste?doingsomethingcan'thelpneed/deserve/wantbeworthwhatabout/howabout.分詞分詞作表語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)例1Duringthediscussion,MrBoydremainedsilentwhenaskinghisopinion.A B CD例2YourexperimentreportsmustbecheckedwithcarebeforeA.handedtheminB.themhandinginC.beinghandedinD.handingthemin例intheairfuelsgiveoffheat.A.Tburn B.BurnedC.Tbeburned D.Beingburned五、狀語從句趙文通考試重點(diǎn)1時(shí)間狀語從句while/when/as/until一?就?nosooner?than/hardly?when/scarcely?when★themomenttheminutetheinstant★固定句型Itis/hasbeen?.since?.原因狀語從句nowthatinthat.條件狀語從句unlessaslongasprovidedthat.讓步狀語從句asthoughalthoughevenifeventhoughwhilewhatever六、平行結(jié)構(gòu)and,or,butPrefer引出的平行結(jié)構(gòu)PrefersomethingtosomethingPreferdoingsomethingtodoingsomethingPrefertodosomethingratherthandosomethingPrefer的特殊用法Prefersomebodytodosomethinge.g:IpreferyoutospeakEnglishintheclass.1、anumberof,thenumberofanumberof+可數(shù)名詞謂語用復(fù)數(shù)意為許多大量的,,,，thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞謂語用單數(shù)意為,,,,的數(shù)目2、able,capable,competentable為常用詞指具有做某事所需的力量技巧知識與時(shí)間等搭配是beabletodos.th。如Acatisabletoseeinthedark.貓?jiān)诤诎抵心芸匆姈|西。capable指滿足一般要求的能力搭配是becapableof+petent指“勝任” “合格” 或受過專業(yè)技術(shù)等訓(xùn)練的但不是超群的能力。如Adoctorshouldbecompetenttotreatmanydiseases.醫(yī)生應(yīng)該能治多種病。3、aboveallafterallatall;inallaboveall意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是"常位于句首或句中作插入語起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如ButabovealltellmequicklywhatIhavetodo 可首先快些告訴我該做什么。afterall意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底” 在句中位置較靈活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如Afterallyourbirthdayisonlytwoweeksaway畢竟兩周后就是你的生日。Heisafterallasmallchild彳畢竟還是個(gè)小孩子。Hefailedafterall 他終于失敗了。atall用于否定句時(shí)意為“絲毫根本” 用于疑問句時(shí)意為“究竟至U底”用于條件句時(shí)常譯為“當(dāng)真實(shí)在”。用于肯定句中表示說話人的某種情緒或情感如懷疑或驚奇等 意為“竟然”等。如Hedoesn'tlikeyouatall 他根本不喜歡你。Areyougoingtodoitatall 你究竟做不做這件事Ifyoudoitatalldoitwell若你真要做這件事就得做好。Iwassurprisedathiscomingatall他竟然來了我很驚訝。inall意為“總共” 既可放在句首也可放在句末。如Thereare25,000Inuitinall(Inall,thereare25,000Inuit)這兒共有25,000因努伊特人。4、aboard,abroad,board,broadaboard在船或飛機(jī)車上。如Ineverwentaboardaship.abroad副詞在國外或海外。如Heoftengoesabroad.board為動詞上船飛機(jī)車。如Thepassengersareboardingtheplanenow.broad為形容詞寬廣的。如Hehasverybroadshoulders.5、accept,receiveaccept接受receive“接至“收至U"。如Ireceivedaninvitationyesterday,butIdidn'tacceptit.昨天我收到了一個(gè)請柬但并沒有接受邀請。6、accident,incident,eventaccident事故。如atrafficaccident交通事故incident“附帶事件”在政治上特指引起國際爭端或戰(zhàn)爭的事件事變。event"事件” 指特別重要的事件通常是由以前的努力而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果也指國家和社會的事件。7-accurate,correct,exact,preciseaccurate準(zhǔn)確的精確的。如Clocksinrailwaystationsshouldbeaccurate.火車站的鐘應(yīng)該是準(zhǔn)確的。correct“正確的” 指符合一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或準(zhǔn)則含有“無錯(cuò)誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect,wrong.exact"精確的”“恰好的”比“大體上正確”更進(jìn)一步表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。precise強(qiáng)調(diào)“精確” “精密”。8、accuse,charge,sueaccuse指責(zé)指控常與of搭配。如Hisbossaccusedhimofcarelessness.charge常與with搭配。如Thepolicechargedthedriverwithrecklessdriving.sue常與for搭配。如Smithsuedhisneighborfordamaginghishouse9、acquire,require,inquireacquire取得獲得學(xué)到。如acquireknowledge獲得知識inquire打聽詢問。如inquireaperson'sname 問——個(gè)人的姓名require需要。如Werequiremorehelp.我們需要更多的幫助。10、adopt,adaptadopt收養(yǎng)。如Sincetheyhavenochildrenoftheirown,theydecidedtoadoptalittlegirl. 他們自己沒有孩子所以決定收養(yǎng)一個(gè)小女孩。 采納采