2020年洛陽(yáng)市東升第二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析

2020年洛陽(yáng)市東升第二中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷及答案解析第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AKualaLumpurisacapitalcityinMalaysia.Herearethetop4budgethotels:TheChinatownInn(About$30pernight)Justablockfromtherailwaystation,locatedinChinatown’sopenmarket.Ithascleanbeds,centralairconditioning,hotwaterforcoffeeandtea,andahallwithabigscreenTV.Wi-FiisgoodexceptFloor5.Theguests’complaintisthattheairconditionistoocold,somakesureyougetaroomwithawindow.Youcanopenittoletsomewarmthin.AncasaExpress(About$45pernight).Thehotelisabovethesky-trainstation.Thatmakesitconvenienttogettootherpartsofthecity.Fromthestation,taketheelevatortothe5thfloortoreachthehote110bby(大廳).Theroomsarecleanandnice.ThereisaflatscreenTV,thestrongestWi-Fi,andaveryhotrainfallshower.Theguests’complaintisthatthecafeisonlyopenforbreakfastanddinner,andnot24hours.CentralHotel(About$35pernight)ThishotelisjusttwoblocksfromtheCentralStation,whichistheheartofalltransportationinthecity.FromCentralyoucanwalk2blockstothebeautifulCentralHotel,inwhichroomsaresmallbutclean,andhavecommonWi-Fi.Ocean77(About$25pernight)OnPetalingStreetinChinatown,thisbrandnewhotelismostspotlesslyclean.ThereisaflatscreenTVandgoodWi-Fiineachroom.Thelocationisgood,intheheartofthePetalingStreetmarket.Nocafeinthehotel,butmanyonthestreet.1.IntheChinatownInnyouaretoldtochoosearoomwithawindow .A.becausethelightintheroomisdimB.sothatyoucanbreathethefreshairC.sothatyoucanletsomewarmairinD.sothatyoucanhaveagoodviewfromit2.IfaguestlikessurfingtheNet,whichofthefollowingwouldbehisfirstchoice?A.TheChinatownInnB.CentralHotel.C.Ocean77. D.AncasaExpress3.WhatistheunusualcharacteristicofOcean77?A.Itisthecheapest,newestandcleanest.B.Itslocationisintheheartofthecity.C.ItislocatedinthestreetinChinatown.D.ThereisaflatscreenTVandgoodWi-Fi.BPreventingheartdiseaseisatopicIthinkaboutallthetime,givenmyfamilyhistoryofheartdisease.Solastsummer,ItravelledtoBolivia.Thenatives,calledtheTsimane,werereportedtohavethehealthiestheartsintheworld.Iwantedtolearnwhattheycouldteachmeaboutpreventingheartdisease.GettingtotheTsimanewasn'teasy.Theylivedinsmallfamilygroupsofabout60peoplealongriverbanks.Wefinallyfoundoneofthevillagesatsunset.Thatnight,wesetupourtentsinthemiddleofthevillage.Thatchedhutssurroundedus,withnoelectricityormodemconveniences.Atfirst,Ithoughttheymainlygottheircaloricsfrommeat.However,Ifoundfoodsuchasriceandcommadeupnearly70%oftheirdiet.Thefoodwasnotprocessed,lackingaddedsugarsorsalts.Duringmystaythere,Iwenthuntingandfishingwiththemenandplayedsoccerwiththekids.IfoundtheTsimanewerestandingorwalkingnearlyalloftheirwakinghours.Menspentlotsoftimetrackinganimals.Fanningandgathering,mostlydonebychildrenandwomen,wereall-dayaffairs.Ialsogotaclearideaofhowtheyrested.Assoonasthesunwentdown,peoplereturnedtotheirhutsandwenttosleep.Andwiththecallofthecockinthemorning,anotherdaybegan.ThelifespanoftheTsimaneisactuallymuchshorterthanthoselivingintheUS.Variousfactors,likeanimalattacksandinfections,bringdownthelifespan.Butupuntilthedaytheydie,theyareoftenveryhealthy.WhileheartdiseasekillsthousandsofAmericanseveryyearandcostsnearlyabilliondollarsaday,theTsimaneremindusthatwealthdoesn'tnecessarilybuyhealth.Whydoestheauthorpaysomuchattentiontopreventingheartdisease?Hedreamsofbecomingadoctor.Hewantstoteachothersaboutthetopic.Hisfamilymembersencouragehimtodoso.Hewasbornwithahighriskofheartdisease.Whichfactorsdidtheauthormainlyfocusoninhisresearch?A.Housing,foodandcooperation. B.Diet,activityandrest.C.Physicalwork,sociallifeandlifespan. D.Groupsize,familyhistoryandconsumptionWhatwastheTsimane'ssleep-wakecyclemainlybasedon?A.Naturalsound. B.Routineactivity.C.Animalbehaviour. D.Naturallight.WhatmighttheauthoradviseustodoafterhistravelsinBolivia?A.Takeinlesssugarandsalt. B.Standlessandwalkmore.C.Eatwhitemeatinsteadofredmeat. D.Liveinthemiddleofthecommunity.CThursday,twoRussiansubmarines（潛艇）diveddown2.5milesintotheArcticOceanandplantedanationalflagontoapieceofcontinentalshelfknownastheLomonosovRidge.RisingfromthecenteroftheArcticBasin,theflagsentaclearmessagetothesurroundingnations:Russiahadjustlaidclaim（權(quán)利）tothevastoilandgasreservescontainedinthisunderwaterarea.AfterRussia,theUnitedStates,Norway,SwedenandFinlandarealltryingtogainprofit.ProjectionsshowthattheareaoflandandseathatfallswithintheArcticCircleishometoanestimated90billionbarrelsofoil,anincredible13%ofEarth’sreserves.It’salsoestimatedtocontainalmostaquarterofuntappedglobalgasresources.Butlongbeforethisoilracebegan,howdidtheArcticbecomesorichinenergy?“ThefirstthingyourealizeisthattheArctic—unliketheAntarctic—isanoceansurroundedbycontinents”,AlastairFraser,ageoscientistfromImperialCollegeLondon,said.Firstly,thismeansthere’sahugequantityoforganicmaterialavailable,intheformofdeadseacreaturessuchasplanktonandalgae,whichformthebasisofwhatwillultimatelybecomeoilandgas.Secondly,thesurroundingringofcontinentsmeansthattheArcticBasincontainsahighproportionofcontinentalcrust（大陸地殼）,whichmakesupabout50%ofitsoceanicarea.That’ssignificantbecausecontinentalcrusttypicallycontainsdeepdepressionscalledbasins,intowhichorganicmattersinks.Here,itgetsinsertedinrockandpreservedinanoxic（缺氧）waters,meaningtheycontainlittleoxygen.“Normally,inashallowseawithlotsofoxygen,itwouldnotbepreserved.Butiftheseaisdeepenough,theoxygenatedwatersatthetopwillbeseparatedfromtheanoxicconditionsatthebase,”Fraserexplained.Conservedwithintheseoxygen-freebasins,themattermaintainscompoundsthatfinallymakeitusefulasanenergysourceformillionsofyearsinthefuture.WhydidRussiaplantanationalflagontotheLomonosovRidge?Totellsurroundingcountriesitsarmedforces.Toshowitsadvancedtechnologyofsubmarines.ToshowabundantnaturalresourcesintheArcticBasin.Toclaimitsprivilegetoexploreforoilandgasinthearea.What’sthefunctionofthelastsentenceinparagraph2?A.Makingacomparison. B.Servingasaconnectinglink.C.Analyzingthecauseandeffect. D.Drawingtheconclusionofthetext.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?Oxygenonlyexistsinthetoppartoftheocean.Organicmaterialsmostlyexistinthebasinswithoxygen.Watercontainingoxygenturnsorganicmaterialsintooilandgas.Oxygen-freeenvironmentcountsintheformationofthearctic’srichenergy.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatmakestheArcticattractive? B.WhydomanynationsfocusontheArctic?C.WhyistheresomuchoilintheArctic? D.HowdoestheArcticBasincomeintobeing?DHaveyoueverbeensadbecauseoffailure?Pleaseremember,forquiteoftenachievingwhatyousetouttodoisnotthemostimportantthing.Aboydecidedtodigadeepholebehindhishouse.Ashewasworking,acoupleofolderboysstoppedbytowatch.“Whatareyoudoing?”askedoneofthevisitors.“Iwanttodigaholeallthewaythroughtheearth!”theboyansweredexcitedly.Theolderboysbegantolaugh,tellinghimthatdiggingaholeallthewaythroughtheearthwasimpossible.Afterawhile,theboypickedupajar.Heshowedittothevisitors.Itwasfullofallkindsofstonesandinsects.Thenhesaidcalmlyandconfidently,“MaybeIcan’tfinishdiggingallthewaythroughtheearth,butlookatwhatI’vefoundduringthisperiod!”Theboy’sgoalwasfartoodifficult,butitdidcausehimtogoon.Andthatiswhatagoalisfor－tocauseustomoveinthedirectionwehavechosen,inotherwords,tocauseustokeepworking!Noteverygoalwillbefullyachieved.Noteveryjobwillendupwithasuccess.Noteverydreamwillcometrue.Butwhenyoufallshortofyouraim,maybeyoucansay,“Yes,butlookatwhatI’vefoundalongtheway!TherearesomanywonderfulthingshavingcomeintomylifebecauseItriedtodosomething!”Itisinthediggingthatlifeislived.Itistheunexpectedjoyonthejourneythatreallymakessense.Theolderboyslaughedattheboybecausehewasthoughttobe .braveimpolitefoolishwarm-heartedWhydidtheboyshowthejartotheolderboys?Todrivethemaway.Toshowwhathehadfoundindigging.Toshowhowbeautifulthejarwas.Toattractthemtojoinhiminthework.Whatcanbelearntfromthefourthparagraphofthetext?Nodreamcancometrue.Allworkwillendsuccessfully.Goalsshouldn’tbesettoohigh.Goalswillmakeusworkharder.Thebesttitleforthetextshouldbe .ABoyDugaHoleJoyintheJourneyNoPain,NoGainsFailureIstheMotherofSuccess第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Haveyoueverfoundthatyouwereabletosleepbetterwithanairconditionerorfanrunningorperhapswiththesoundofrainfallingoutside?___16___Itactsasawaytomaskdistractingsounds.Whitenoiseisusedasbackgroundnoisethatiscreatedtodrownoutannoyingnoises.Oneofthethingsthatmakesnoiseannoyingisthatthemindnoticeschangesinthesoundsoftheenvironment.Nodoubtthisabilityhelpedkeepourancestorsalive,bywarningthemofthefaintsoundmadebyafierceanimal.___17___Itkeepsusawakeorkeepsusfrombeingabletoconcentrate.Whitenoisechangesthebackgroundsound.Theoveralllevelofsoundintheenvironmentishigher,whichraisesthevolumeboundaryoverwhichnoisesmustpassinordertobenoticed.___18___.Sotherearenodetailsforthemindtonotice.Thatiswhyithasacomfortingquality---itallowsthemindtorelax.___19___Itispopularforhelpingpeoplesleep,andit'salsousefulforhelpingstudentsstudy,orforanyonewhoneedstoconcentrate.Itcalmsandcomfortsbabies,andisusefulfortravelerswhofindithardtogettosleepindifferentenvironmentswiththeirunfamiliarnoises.Iftrafficsounds,tickingclocks,andotherpeople'sconversationsarebotheringyou,whitenoisecanbeagoodsolution.Manyofficeenvironmentsinstallwhitenoisesystemstohelpminimizedistractionsforofficeworkers,andalsotomaintainspeechprivacy.Aspecializeduseforwhitenoiseisintreatingtinnitus（耳鳴）.___20___Whenusedaspartofawell-designedtreatmentprogram,itcanhelpintrainingthebrain'sneurons（神經(jīng)元）toignorethesounds.Whitenoisehasmanybenefits.Besides,thesoundqualityhasnospecialcharacteristics.Whattypesofsoundsareexactlyincludedinwhitenoises?Ifso,thenyou'realreadyfamiliarwiththeconceptofwhitenoise.Tous,however,becomingsensitivetoeverytinynoisecanbeaproblem.Whitenoisecanoftenbringimmediaterelieffromtheannoyingsoundsoftinnitus.Studiessuggestthatusingsoundmaskingintheworkplaceleadstohigherproductivity.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)完形填空（20%）ThisisasimpleT-shirt,butithastaughtmethesignificanceof___21___.Lookingatit,Igobackintothepast.ItwasawarmdaywhenI___22___myelementaryschool.Itmademequite___23___.Ilayinmyfrontyardinthewarmsun.AsIfellintosleep,Ivaguelyheardmymother’sstepsapproaching.Then,Isatup,___24___lemonadeorsomeapples.Butshewascarrying___25___,andherfacewasjustas___26___.Theremustbesomethingwrong.“Simonisin___27___,”shesaid.Simonwasmystepfather’snephew.___28___wewerenotrelatedbyblood,Simoninsomewaymeantmoretomethananyblood.Beingboth___29 ,wealwayswenthikingandsurfingtogether.Ireallyenjoyedhis___30___Iwishedtoattendmiddleschoolwithhim,too.“Hehascancer,”mymomadded.WhenIheardthat,mystomachgotheavier.“Buthewill___31___,right?”Iasked.“Becausehehasararecase,it’snotclearwhetherhecandefeatit.”Mymomreplied.Daybyday,Simonseemedtobegettingweakerandhis___32___wasbad,makinghimlacknutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)）.Throughouthis___33___,Simonsufferedallergicshock（過(guò)敏）duetothemedicine’ssideeffects.Somehow,Simonwashavinga（an）___34___later.Thewholefamilywerethrilled.___35___,Simon’simprovementturnedouttobeaflashinapan（曇花一現(xiàn)）.ItwasaroundthenthatI36the“SimonSays…"T-shirt,whichwasdesignedwithletters,“SimonSays...Cance門sadetour（繞行）,insteadofastopsign.”IproudlyworeSimon’spresentinthesummervacationand___37___wearingitwhenlaterattendingmiddleschool.Thatsentencetaughtmehoweverthatchallengefoughtagainstus,weshouldn’t___38___.Atlast,Simondidn’t___39___it.ButhisT-shirtwouldhavealastingpositiveimpactontheworld.Simon___40___andinspiredcountlesspeoplewithhisspirits.21.A.courageB.understandingC.self-respect D.devotion22.A.finishedB.attendedC.visitedD.skipped23.A.amusedB.curiousC.relaxedD.frightened24.A.seeingB.presentingC.carryingD.expecting25.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing26.A.blankB.sourC.confusedD.surprised27.A.reliefB.troubleC.sightD.shape28.A.WhileB.BecauseC.AsD.If29.A.kindB.cleverC.optimisticD.energetic30.A.honestyB.encouragementC.company D.trust31.A.liveB.succeedC.insistD.struggle32.A.spiritB.appetiteC.lookD.behavior33.A.learningB.exerciseC.treatmentD.dieting34.A.disasterB.recoveryC.examinationD.wish35.A.SadlyB.UndoubtedlyC.NaturallyD.Especially36.A.designedB.receivedC.boughtD.washed37.A.lovedB.startedC.stoppedD.continued38.A.showoffB.setoffC.giveupD.takeover39.A.faceB.senseC.takeD.make40.A.appreciatedB.challengedC.touchedD.funded第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式TheuniversityofBirmingham,UK,announcesthatitwillaccepttheGaokaoexamforhigh-flyingChinesestudents___41.___(wish)tojoinitsundergraduatecoursesin2019.Highschoolstudents___42.___completetheNationalHigherEducationEntranceExamination,orGaokao,withtopgradescanapplyfordirectentryintoBirminghamdegreeprogrammes___43.___firstcompletingafoundationyear.Gaokao,which___44.___(hold)acrossChinainearlyJune,is___45.___(increase)acceptedbyuniversitiesinAustralia,theUSA,CanadaandmainlandEuropeBirminghamwillonlybeconsideringhighqualitystudentswhoachieveaminimum80%GaokaoscoreandmeetadditionalacademicandEnglishlanguage___46.___(require).ProfessorJonFrampton,DirectoroftheUniversityofBirmingham’sChinaInstitutesaid,“Iam___47.___(delight)thattheUniversityisnowacceptingtheGaokao.Thisgivesthe___48.___(bright)andbestChinesestudents.___49.___opportunitytomovestraightintothefirstyearofourundergraduateprogrammesandexperiencethebenefitsofstudyingata 50. (globe)Top100university.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(滿分10分)51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(人)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Twoyearsago,myfriendTomdevoteshimselftopetcurework.HeandhispetdognamingAngelwouldgotothehospitalthreetimeeveryweek.Angelwassuchcleverthatallthepatientslikedher,especiallythekidsshehadworkedwiththem.Oneday,amanwholosthisabilitytomoveaskedtotrainhismuscleswithpetAngelbyhisdoctor.Foreveryone'samazement,themansucceededatlast.Theman'swifewasveryexcitedlysosheboughtalotofdeliciousfoodtotreatAngel,whatmadeAngelquitehappy.Uptonow,Angelhashelpedthenumberofpeopleinneed.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)52.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。WhenIwasfiveyearsold,welivedinasmalltownintheMidwestinanoldyellowhousewithastreamoutback.Onsummerdays,IusedtoplaywithaneighborgirlnamedMarie,whowastwoyearsolder.Shewouldtakemyhandandleadmedowntothestream,whereIcouldlieonthebankandstareatthemuddywater.OnonesuchdayIwassittingonthebank,withmydirtytoesinthesoftwarmmud,whenMarietooksomethingfromthepocketofheroveralls.Itwasalittleboa