教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力能力檢測(cè)B卷帶答案打印版

教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力能力檢測(cè)B卷帶答案打印版

單選題（共50題）1、Whichofthefollowingcanbeadoptedasapost-readingactivity?A.GuessingwordmeaningfromcontextB.ConcludingthemainideaC.ClearinguplinguisticandculturalbarriersD.Rehearsethereadingmaterial【答案】D2、WhichtypeofapproachcanbestdescribethefollowinglearningpatternStudentssearchformaterialsinself-assesscenter.A.AutonomouslearningB.InteractivelearningC.ContextualizedlearningD.Task-basedlearning【答案】A3、Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning_________isconsidered.?A.referenceB.speechactC.practicalusageD.context【答案】D4、WhichonedoesnotbelongtosubjectivequestionsinthefollowingEnglishtests?A.WritingB.OraltestC.TranslationD.Cloze【答案】D5、Whatdoeshe/sheintendtodowhenateacherwritesthefollowingsentences“Shegetsupearly．Shewearsauniform．Sheworksveryhard．”ontheblackboardatthepresentationstage?A.PracticesentencepatternsusingmodelsentencesB.CheckifstudentscanpronouncethesentencesC.MonitorwhetherstudentscanaccuratelyexpresstheirideasD.Drawstudents’attentiontotheformofanewlanguageitem【答案】D6、WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents'awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?A.WhichofthefollowingactivitiesisNOTappropriatefordevelopingstudents'awarenessofdiscoursecoherence?B.UnderliningthetopicssentenceofeC.ChangingsentencesfromactiveformsintopassiveonesD.Arrangingallthesentencestoproduceameaningfulpassage【答案】C7、Ilikegoingtothecinema_________TV.A.ratherthantowatchB.thanwatchingC.morethantowatchD.morethanwatching【答案】D8、Whenitcomestoairlinetravel,perhapsnothinghasrevolutionizedthepassengerexperiencemorethanairlineapps.Indeed,they'rebecomingsoubiquitousthatmorethan50percentofU.Stravelershaveatleastoneairlineappinstalledontheirsmartdevice,accordingtotravelindustryresearchfirmPhocuswright.A.UnlimiteDB.EasyC.ImmediateD.Direct【答案】A9、Whichofthefollowingstatementsexplainsonebenefitofinductivegrammarteaching?A.Beingtime-savingB.StudentsbeingactivelyinvolvedinlearningC.StudentslearningfromclearrulesD.Fullandaccurateexplanations【答案】B10、WhichofthefollowingisNOTasuitablepre-readingactivity?A.DemonstratingskimmingandscanningtechniquesB.WritingasimilartextC.IntroducingtheelementsofthereadingtextD.WritingquestionsaboutthetopiC【答案】B11、WhichofthefollowingwordsdoesNOThaveasuffix?A.NorthwardB.SnowyC.HappyD.Worker【答案】C12、Imustbegettingfat--Ican__________domytrousersup.A.fairlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.seldom【答案】B13、Passage2A.ItprovesthatsomevaluesaredeeplyrootedinhumanliverB.ItcorrelatesculturaldifferenceswithdifferentbrainactivitiesC.ItsuggeststhatsomeuniversalconceptsaresharedacrossculturesD.Itdisputesourusualunderstandingoffundamentalculturaldifferences【答案】B14、WhenateacherteachesyounglearnersEnglishpronunciation,heshould__________.A.listenasmuchaspossibleB.inputregardlessofstudents'abilityC.toleratesmallerrorsincontinuousspeechD.readmoreEnglishmaterials【答案】C15、Inordinaryconversations,participantsareexpected,firstofall,to__________,otherwise,communicationwouldbreakdown.A.standstraightB.coordinateC.speakthetruthD.cooperate【答案】D16、Whenhecamein,hefoundthatpaperclips,drawingpinsandsafety-pinswere__________alloverthefloor.A.scatteredB.sprayedC.dispersedD.separated【答案】A17、Passage1A.ThetrickB.ThetestC.TherewardD.Thecombination【答案】B18、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.MostAmericanstudentscheatinexamsbeforetheyenteruniversitiesB.MostAmericanstudentsenteringtheuniversitiesadmittheyhavecheatedC.HalfofstudentsenteringtheuniversitiesadmittocheatingontheirhomeworkD.ThereisacademicdishonestyamongstudentsenteringtheUSUniversity【答案】D19、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成題：A.SonicB.SuperMarioC.PlatformerD.Beat-Them-Up【答案】D20、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage1，完成第小題。A.MedicalschoolsshouldmakeexamseasierforthestudentstoalleviatethefiercecompetitionB.ProminentfiguresinthemedicalinstitutionshouldcreateasetofmoralstandardstobeappliedinmedicalschoolsC.MedicalstudentsshouldplayanactiveroleinthecreationandpreservationofacultureofintegrityD.Thosestudentswhocheatintheexamsshouldbeinstantlyexpelledfromschool【答案】C21、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.PositiveB.IndifferentC.PessimisticD.Radical【答案】A22、Theoriginsofhumanspeechremainamystery,__________wehaveafairlyaccurateideaofwhenwritingbegan.A.onceB.ifC.thoughD.since【答案】C23、Inwhichofthefollowingsituationsdoestheteacherplaytheroleoforganizer?A.OrganizingstudentstodoactivitiesbygivinginstructionsB.WalkingaroundtoofferhelptothosewhoneeditbothinideasandlanguageC.GivingfeedbackanddealingwitherrorsD.Theteacherjoinsinstudents’activity【答案】A24、Mr.Smith,who_______asateacherinourschoolforabout20years,isnowourmayor.A.hasworkedB.workeDC.worksD.hadworkeD【答案】B25、EveryoneknowsthatEnglishdepartmentsareintrouble,butyoucan'tappreciatejusthowmuchtroubleuntilyoureadthenewreportfromtheModernLanguageAssociation.ThereportisaboutPh.D.programs,whichhavebeenindeclinesince2008.Theseprogramshavegottenbothmoredifficultandlessrewarding:today,itcantakealmostadecadetogetadoctorate,and,attheendofyourprogram,you'reunlikelytofindatenure-trackjob.A.TheexpansionincollegeenrollmentsaftertheSecondWorldWarB.Theshiftofpopularityfromhumanitiesmajorstocareer-focusedonesC.TheriseinthenumberofwomenandminoritiesingraduateprogramsD.Thelackofcareer-relatedguidanceforcollegegraduatedinjob-hunting【答案】B26、Passage1A.WheredohumansfitintothispictureB.WillmachineseventuallyreplacehumanbeingsC.Whichcouldrevolutionizemyownjob,teachingatschoolD.Whowillprosperandwhowillnotinthismachineeconomy【答案】D27、Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanbeadoptedatthepre-readingstage？A.Re-arrangingthematerialsB.BrainstormingthetopicC.WritingasummaryofthetextD.Skimming【答案】B28、BernardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistoryoftheUnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingsontheexperiencesofEuropeanmigrants．Inhisreinterpretation，migrationbecomestheorganizingprincipleforrewritingthehistoryofpreindustrialNorthAmerica．Hisapproachrestsonfourseparatepropositions．A.givesufficientemphasistotheculturalandpoliticalinterdependenceofthecoloniesandEnglandB.describecarefullyhowmigrantsofdifferentethnicbackgroundspreservedtheircultureintheUnitedStatesC.takeadvantageofsocialresearchontheexperiencesofcolonistswhomigratedtocolonialNorthAmericaspecificallytoacquirelandD.relatetheexperienceofthemigrantstothepoliticalvaluesthateventuallyshapedthecharacteroftheUnitedStates【答案】D29、Y:Didyouknowthatyouwerewearingoddsocks?A.qualityB.quantityC.relationD.manner【答案】C30、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.ManyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscienceB.NonscientificmodesofthoughtareveryimportantformaterialsurroundingsC.ScienceisnotsignificantforourdailysuppliesD.Buildapictureinyourmind,thendesign【答案】B31、請(qǐng)閱讀短文。完成第小題。A.agreeswithB.contradictsC.goesbeyondD.imparts【答案】A32、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.ThemanmaybemorelikelytobeunfaithfulthanotherhusbandsB.ThewomanwillprobablydomorethanhershareofhouseworkC.ThemanwillfeelthatheisbadlyinneedofmanlinessD.Thewifemaylookdownonherhusband【答案】D33、Malenursearedifficulttohireasmanymenrejectthis_______outofthelong-existingdiscrimination.A.conceptB.responsibilityC.identityD.personality【答案】C34、Being__________ofmoney,shemanagedtosaveenoughforaholiday.A.economicB.economicalC.economicsD.economies【答案】B35、Passage2A.TheyareinitiatedtodealwithteachershortagesandeducationinequitiesB.TheyaimedtoraisethestandardsofteachereducationprogramsC.TheycompetewiththeuniversityteachereducationprogramsD.Theycanreplacetheuniversityteachereducationprograms【答案】A36、Whatistheteacherdoingintermsoferrorcorrection?A.Helpingstudentsdoself-correctionB.IndirectcorrectionC.ToleratingcorrectionD.Encouragingstudentstodopeercorrection【答案】B37、Howshouldtheteacherdealwithstudents'writingerrors?A.TeachersshouldlimitstudentstotakeriskstousenewvocabularyandstructuresB.Teachersshouldoftenshownegativeattitudetowardsstudents'writingerrorsC.TeachersshouldmakecorrectionsforallthewritingerrorsofstudentsD.Teachersshouldunderlinetheerrorsandleavethemforstudentstocorrectthemselves【答案】D38、Teacherswhoadontthe__________modelforreadingcomprehensionmaystartteachingatextbyintroducingnewvocabularyandstructures.A.parallelB.serialC.too-downD.bottom-up【答案】D39、Whenstudentsengagedingroupwork,theteachergavefeedbackaftereachgrouphadstatedtheiropinionandshowntheiroutput.Thisiscalled__________.A.instructingB.observingC.monitoringD.evaluating【答案】D40、請(qǐng)閱讀短文。A.TraveladvicesarenotimportantB.TravelmedicineishardtobecredibleC.HowtopreventandtreatdiseasecanactuallyhelptravelmedicinepopularizeD.Peoplehaven'trealizedtheimportanceoftravelmedicine【答案】C41、Thecitygovernmentisbuildingmoreroadsto__________theincreasingnumberofcars.A.accommodateB.acceptC.holdD.receive【答案】A42、Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefighters．We'repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATpreparatorycoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice．I'vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening．Weseeourkids'collegebackgroundasaprizedemonstratinghowwellwe'veraisedthem．Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem．Sowe'vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths．Itactuallydoesn'tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford．A.Continuingeducationismoreimportanttoaperson'ssuccessB.Aperson'shappinessshouldbevaluedmorethantheireducationC.Kids'actualabilitiesaremoreimportantthantheircollegebackgroundD.Whatkidslearnatcollegecannotkeepupwithjobmarketrequirements【答案】C43、Whichofthefollowingisanentailmentoftheutterance"Anniebrokethewindow"A.AnniewascarelessB.AnniewasdisruptiveC.AnniedidsomethingtothewindowD.ItisAnniewhobrokethewindow【答案】C44、WhentheViaductdeMillauopenedinthesouthofFrancein2004,thistallestbridgeintheworldwonworldwideaccolades.Germannewspapersdescribedhowit“floatedabovetheclouds”with“eleganceandlightness”and“breathtaking”beauty.InFrance,paperspraisedthe“immense”“concretegiant.”WasitmerecoincidencethattheGermanssawbeautywheretheFrenchsawheftandpower?LeraBorodiskythinksnot.Inaseriesofcleverexperimentsguidedbypointedquestions,Boroditskyisamassingevidencethat,yes,languageshapesthought.Theeffectispowerfulenough,shesays,that“theprivatementallivesofspeakersofdifferentlanguagesmaydifferdramatically,”notonlywhentheyarethinkinginordertospeak,“butinallmannerofcognitivetasks,”includingbasicsensoryperception.“Evenasmallflukeofgrammar”—thegenderofnouns—“canhaveaneffectonhowpeoplethinkaboutthingsintheworld,”shesays.A.ThegenderofnounsaffectshowpeoplethinkaboutthingsintheworldB.GermansandFrenchmenthinkdifferentlyabouttheViaductdeMillauC.LanguageshapesourthoughtsandaffectsourperceptionoftheworldD.Therearedifferentmeansofprovinghowlanguageshapesourthoughts【答案】C45、Whichofthefollowingdescribesthelanguageofanindividualspeakerwithitsuniquecharacteristics?A.IdiolectB.TabooC.RegionaldialectD.Socialdialect【答案】A46、/k/isnotfullypronouncedin__________.A.bicycleB.parkC.pictureD.key【答案】C47、Shetriedherbestto_______thelifethere,butfailedtomakeany_______.A.adjustto;senseB.adaptto;troubleC.adaptto;effortD.adjustto;difference【答案】D48、Whentheteacherattemptstoelicitmoreinformationfromthestudentsbysaying"And...","Good.Anythingelse",etc,he/sheisplayingtheroleofa__________.A.prompterB.participantC.managerD.consultant【答案】A49、Passage2A.Theybelievegeneticallymodifiedcropswillharmthefarmers'healthB.TheybelievegeneticengineeringisaltogetherabadpracticeC.TheybelievescientificmethodsshouldbeintroducedtoensureGMbringsnoharmD.TheybelieveGMOswillharmBrazileconomically【答案】B50、Decideonthecorrectstresspatternoftheanswertothequestion:A.HeturnedtotheleftattheendofthestreetB.HeturnedtotheleftattheendofthestreetC.HeturnedtotheleftattheendofthestreetD.Heturnedtotheleftattheendofthestreet【答案】D大題（共10題）一、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下列教學(xué)片段選自某高中課堂實(shí)錄：T:Thankyou.Lookatthepicture.WehavelearnedWangHui'sexperiencesinEngland.Todaylet'stalkabouthowWangHuiwrotethepassage.Openyourbookandlookatthepassage.Howmanyparagraphs?Ss:Five.T:Yes.Let'sfindoutthekeywordsofeachparagraph.Ss:Wayoflife;somethinginteresting...T:Good.Lookatthepicture.What'sthestructureofthepassage?AorB?Ss:(學(xué)生思考討論)A.T:Well,Next.Let'stalkabouthowWangHuiwrotehislifeinEngland.Thefirstparagraph:WangHuitalkedabout...Ss:Wayoflife.T:Lookatthepicture.WhatdidWangHuisay?S1:Whenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime,youmustuseMrorMrs.【答案】(1)教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)主要包括課堂導(dǎo)入(1ead.in)，新課講授(presentation)，鞏固提高(consolidation)，總結(jié)與作業(yè)(summaryandhomework)。該片段屬于課堂導(dǎo)入和新課講授階段。(2)課堂導(dǎo)入的目的在于使學(xué)生的注意力集中到課堂中來，明確教學(xué)任務(wù)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)興趣。新課講授的目的在于呈現(xiàn)本堂課的教學(xué)內(nèi)容.包括語言結(jié)構(gòu)和語言功能.讓學(xué)生掌握基本語言知識(shí).同時(shí)鍛煉學(xué)生的語言能力，即聽說讀寫能力。通過教學(xué)活動(dòng)的設(shè)置，完成教學(xué)任務(wù)，達(dá)到教學(xué)目標(biāo)。(3)有效教學(xué)是教師遵循教學(xué)活動(dòng)的客觀規(guī)律，以最優(yōu)的過程和最大的效率促進(jìn)學(xué)生在知識(shí)、技能、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀方面“三維目標(biāo)”上獲得整合、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展，從而有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，滿足社會(huì)和個(gè)人的教育價(jià)值需求而組織實(shí)施的教學(xué)活動(dòng).①該教學(xué)片段中，教師通過回顧舊知識(shí)的方式引入新課，但是沒有進(jìn)一步讓學(xué)生展開討論，沒有充分激活學(xué)生的關(guān)聯(lián)知識(shí)。導(dǎo)入內(nèi)容趣味性不高，不利于激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。②教師在新授環(huán)節(jié)采用了學(xué)生討論的形式，鍛煉了學(xué)生的1：3語表達(dá)能力，同時(shí)培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的合作精神。③在新授環(huán)節(jié)中，教師應(yīng)注意讓學(xué)生整體感知文章，而不是機(jī)械地分析每一部分的大意，這樣不利于學(xué)生閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)。④教學(xué)反饋較單一，應(yīng)多用一些啟發(fā)性的反饋語，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極探索新知，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主探究能力，提高教學(xué)效率。二、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)課的教學(xué)方案。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustification教學(xué)時(shí)間：45分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（實(shí)驗(yàn)）五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：Pompeii:ThefactsAugust24,intheyearAD79,begannormallyforthepeopleinPompeii,atownatthefootof?MountVesuvius.Farmerswentouttotheirfields,shopkeeperssetouttheirgoodsforsale,craftspeople?openedtheirworkshopsandtherichwalkedtothepublicbathswhiletheirservantscleanedtheirhouses?andwashedtheirclothes.Unfortunately,theendofthedaywasfarfromnormalforthe20,000citizensof?Pompeii.Earlyintheafternoon,whenmanypeoplewererestingfromtheheatoftheday,MountVesuvius?erupted.Millionsoftonnesofash,lavaandpumicepouredontothesurroundinghillsideandoverthe?townofPompeiiandothertownsandvillages.ByeveningPompeiiwasburiedunder3-5metersofashand?mud,andatleast2,000men,womenandchildrenwereburiedwiththeirtown.【答案】Teachingobjectives:（1）KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanmasterthewordsaboutvolcanoeruptionsandtheusageof"erupt".（2）AbilityobjectiveStudentscandescribenaturaldisastersandpastevents.（3）EmotionobjectiveStudentscanspeakEnglishconfidentlyinfrontoftheclass.TeachingContents:ThepassageisabouthowthecityofPompeiiwasdestroyedbyvolcanoeruption.Teachingkeypoints:Studentscanmasterthewordsaboutvolcanoeruptionandknowhowtodescribeanaturaldisaster.Teachingdifficultpoints:Studentscandescribeanaturaldisasterbyusingthewordsandsentencestructurestheyhavelearned.Teachingprocedures:Step1Lead-in（5minutes）三、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。用四種方法引入Christmas的課文，并舉例?！敬鸢浮?1)直接導(dǎo)入：直接闡明本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容、目標(biāo)和要求的導(dǎo)入方法。E．g．Teacher：WearegoingtolearnsomethingaboutChristmas．It’sonthe25th，December．Itisanimportantfestivalinwesternculture．(2)問題導(dǎo)入：教師通過提出富有啟發(fā)性的問題，引出新的教學(xué)內(nèi)容的導(dǎo)人方法。E．g．Teacher：DoyouknowanythingaboutChristmasDoyouknowSantaClausDoyouknowthestoryaboutSantaClausHaveyoueverreceivedaChristmasgiftAskstudentstoanswerthesequestions．(3)情境導(dǎo)人：呈現(xiàn)與話題相關(guān)的情境，引出所要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。E．g．TheteachershowssomepicturesaboutChristmas，suchastheChristmastree，SantaClaus，Christmascarol，andasksstudentstotalkaboutwhattheyusuallydoonChristmas．(4)故事導(dǎo)入：教師通過講述教學(xué)內(nèi)容有關(guān)的故事，從而引出新知識(shí)的方法。E．g．TheteachertellsthestoryofSantaClausandasksthestudentstotalkaboutwhattheylearnfromthestory．四、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)課的教學(xué)方案。該方案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：Teachingobjectives？Teachingcontents？Keyanddifficultpoints？Majorstepsandtimeallocation？Activitiesandjustifications？教學(xué)時(shí)間：45分鐘？學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)）》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：TheAncientOlympicGames？TheoriginalOlympicGameswerepartofanimportantreligiousfestivaltohonortheGreekgods,es-peciallyZeus.TheywereheldinavalleyinOlympiaeveryfouryearsandmenfromalltheGreekcitystatesattended.Womendidnotcompeteinthegamesorevenattend.ThefirstrecordoftheOlympicGamesdatesfrom778BC,buttheywereprobablyestablishedhundredsofyearsbeforethat.？Atfirsttherewasonlyonecompetitioninthegames--a200mfootrace.ThedistancewasbasedonamythabouttheheroHerculeswhowassaidtohaverunthisdistanceinonebreath.AtlaterotherOlympiceventswereintroduced,includinga365meteranda5kilometerrace,boxingandwreathing,chariotracesandthepentathlonjumping,running,javelin,discusandwrestling.？AthletescametoOlympiatotrainfull-timefor10months.Astheywereallowedtocompete,theywereexaminedbyacommitteeof10mentomakesuretheywereofgoodcharacterandphysicallyfit.Allwarsbetweencitieshadtostopforthefivedaysofthegames.？【答案】Teachingobjectives:（1）Knowledgeobjectives①Studentscanmastertherelatedwordsaboutolympics.②StudentscanunderstandthepassageandspeakouttheirthoughtsabouttheOlympicGames.（2）AbilityobjectiveStudentscanbrieflydescribetheOlympicGamesandexpressitinwrittenforn.（3）EmotionobjectiveStudentswillgettoknowmoreaboutOlympicGamesandtheOlympicspirit.Teachingcontents:ThislessoncontainssomenewwordsaboutOlympicsandabriefdescriptionoftheancientOlympicGames.Teachingkeyanddifficultpoints:Teachingkeypoints:MakestudentsunderstandthepassageandhelpthemexpresstheirideasabouttheOlympicGames.五、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。什么是教學(xué)反思?(4分)教學(xué)反思的注意事項(xiàng)有哪些?(6分)請(qǐng)具體說明教學(xué)后反思階段的內(nèi)容。(10分)【答案】(1)教學(xué)反思是教師為改進(jìn)教學(xué)而對(duì)教學(xué)進(jìn)行反思的行為，包括收集有關(guān)教學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)自己的信念、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀、知識(shí)、假設(shè)、教學(xué)實(shí)踐以及社會(huì)所給予的機(jī)會(huì)和限制進(jìn)行批判性思考，從而尋求其他方法以更有效地達(dá)到目的和目標(biāo)。(2)注意事項(xiàng)：①教學(xué)反思的內(nèi)容要具體合理：反思要針對(duì)具體的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)與設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行，不能過于籠統(tǒng)，也不能從觀念與理論上做一些大而無當(dāng)、空洞無物的說明；不應(yīng)當(dāng)套用特定的理論標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或使用過高的、不切實(shí)際的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來反思自己的教學(xué)過程。②教學(xué)反思的分析與表述要準(zhǔn)確：要準(zhǔn)確地說明所分析的對(duì)象，分析的邏輯要清晰明了，不要使用一些模糊的、自編的，或只是在小范圍內(nèi)熟知的、常用的套話或術(shù)語。③教學(xué)反思的要求要客觀：要以改進(jìn)教學(xué)效果、提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率為目標(biāo)，不應(yīng)當(dāng)一味地拔高要求，或是無原則地自我批評(píng)。(3)教學(xué)后反思的內(nèi)容：教學(xué)后反思圍繞教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教學(xué)過程、教學(xué)策略進(jìn)行。具體為：①教學(xué)內(nèi)容方面確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)的適用性；對(duì)目標(biāo)所采取的教學(xué)策略做出判斷。②教學(xué)過程方面回憶教學(xué)是怎樣進(jìn)行的；對(duì)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的反思：是否達(dá)到預(yù)期的教學(xué)效果；對(duì)教學(xué)理論的反思：是否符合教與學(xué)的基本規(guī)律；對(duì)學(xué)生的評(píng)價(jià)與反思：各類學(xué)生是否達(dá)到了預(yù)定目標(biāo)；對(duì)執(zhí)行教學(xué)計(jì)劃情況的反思：改變計(jì)劃的原因和方法是否有效，采用別的活動(dòng)和方法是否更有效；對(duì)改進(jìn)措施的反思：教學(xué)計(jì)劃怎樣修改會(huì)更有效。③教學(xué)策略方面感知環(huán)節(jié)：教師要意識(shí)到教學(xué)中存在的問題與自己密切相關(guān)；理解環(huán)節(jié)：教師要對(duì)自己的教學(xué)活動(dòng)與倡導(dǎo)的理論，行為結(jié)果與期望進(jìn)行比較，明確問題根源；重組環(huán)節(jié)：教師要重審教學(xué)思想，尋求新策略；驗(yàn)證環(huán)節(jié)：檢驗(yàn)新思想、新策略、新方案是否更有效，形成新感知，發(fā)現(xiàn)新問題，開始新循環(huán)。六、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。什么是教學(xué)反思?(4分)教學(xué)反思的注意事項(xiàng)有哪些?(6分)請(qǐng)具體說明教學(xué)后反思階段的內(nèi)容。(10分)【答案】(1)教學(xué)反思是教師為改進(jìn)教學(xué)而對(duì)教學(xué)進(jìn)行反思的行為，包括收集有關(guān)教學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)自己的信念、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀、知識(shí)、假設(shè)、教學(xué)實(shí)踐以及社會(huì)所給予的機(jī)會(huì)和限制進(jìn)行批判性思考，從而尋求其他方法以更有效地達(dá)到目的和目標(biāo)。(2)注意事項(xiàng)：①教學(xué)反思的內(nèi)容要具體合理：反思要針對(duì)具體的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)與設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行，不能過于籠統(tǒng)，也不能從觀念與理論上做一些大而無當(dāng)、空洞無物的說明；不應(yīng)當(dāng)套用特定的理論標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或使用過高的、不切實(shí)際的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來反思自己的教學(xué)過程。②教學(xué)反思的分析與表述要準(zhǔn)確：要準(zhǔn)確地說明所分析的對(duì)象，分析的邏輯要清晰明了，不要使用一些模糊的、自編的，或只是在小范圍內(nèi)熟知的、常用的套話或術(shù)語。③教學(xué)反思的要求要客觀：要以改進(jìn)教學(xué)效果、提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率為目標(biāo)，不應(yīng)當(dāng)一味地拔高要求，或是無原則地自我批評(píng)。(3)教學(xué)后反思的內(nèi)容：教學(xué)后反思圍繞教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教學(xué)過程、教學(xué)策略進(jìn)行。具體為：①教學(xué)內(nèi)容方面確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)的適用性；對(duì)目標(biāo)所采取的教學(xué)策略做出判斷。②教學(xué)過程方面回憶教學(xué)是怎樣進(jìn)行的；對(duì)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的反思：是否達(dá)到預(yù)期的教學(xué)效果；對(duì)教學(xué)理論的反思：是否符合教與學(xué)的基本規(guī)律；對(duì)學(xué)生的評(píng)價(jià)與反思：各類學(xué)生是否達(dá)到了預(yù)定目標(biāo)；對(duì)執(zhí)行教學(xué)計(jì)劃情況的反思：改變計(jì)劃的原因和方法是否有效，采用別的活動(dòng)和方法是否更有效；對(duì)改進(jìn)措施的反思：教學(xué)計(jì)劃怎樣修改會(huì)更有效。③教學(xué)策略方面感知環(huán)節(jié)：教師要意識(shí)到教學(xué)中存在的問題與自己密切相關(guān)；理解環(huán)節(jié)：教師要對(duì)自己的教學(xué)活動(dòng)與倡導(dǎo)的理論，行為結(jié)果與期望進(jìn)行比較，明確問題根源；重組環(huán)節(jié)：教師要重審教學(xué)思想，尋求新策略；驗(yàn)證環(huán)節(jié)：檢驗(yàn)新思想、新策略、新方案是否更有效，形成新感知，發(fā)現(xiàn)新問題，開始新循環(huán)。七、下面是某教師一節(jié)課導(dǎo)人環(huán)節(jié)的教學(xué)實(shí)錄，單元話題為Animalsindanger。T:Hi,Class!Let'slookatthesepictures!Canyoutelluswhatanimalstheyare?Ss:Elephants!/Tigers!/Monkeys!/Dolphins!T:Let'sseewhattheseanimalscando.Canelephantsswim?Ss:Yes.T:Cantigersswim?Ss:YesT:Whatanimalsdoyoulikebest?S1.S1:Pandas.T:Whydoyoulikethem?S1:Becausetheyarecute.T:Great!Anyoneelse?Doyouliketigers?$2.【答案】(1)①封閉式問題只有一個(gè)正確答案，答案是限制性的，只能評(píng)估學(xué)生對(duì)特定知識(shí)的了解。例句：Canelephantsswim?Cantigersswim?②開放式問題的答案不止一個(gè)，它能調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的思維，考查學(xué)生的理解能力和語用能力，語用信息量較大。例句：Whatanimalsdoyoulikebest?Whydoyoulikethem?(2)①封閉式問題。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：封閉式問題的答案是固定的，有利于考查學(xué)生對(duì)于語言知識(shí)掌握的準(zhǔn)確性，可以幫助學(xué)生更好地掌握和鞏固目標(biāo)語，有助于學(xué)生掌握正確的語言形式。缺點(diǎn)：封閉式問題屬于機(jī)械性操練，學(xué)生只需要回答出特定答案，沒有過多的思考，不能起到發(fā)散思維的作用，不利于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生舉一反三、實(shí)際運(yùn)用語言的能力。②開放式問題。優(yōu)點(diǎn)：開放式問題的答案通常不是唯一的。教師在教學(xué)中使用開放式問題，能夠引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己去思考答案，發(fā)散學(xué)生的思維，讓學(xué)生有動(dòng)腦思考的過程，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生真正運(yùn)用語言的能力，做到啟發(fā)式教學(xué)。缺點(diǎn)：與封閉式問題相比，開放式問題較難，所以對(duì)于一些基礎(chǔ)比較