on-lead-in-in-middle-school-english-class英語本科生畢業(yè)設計論文設計論文

河南教育學院本科畢業(yè)論文（設計）PAGE（此文檔為word格式，下載后您可任意編輯修改?。㎡nLead-ininMiddleSchoolEnglishClassAThesisSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsFortheDegreeofBachelorofArtsinEnglish ByForeignLanguagesDepartmentHenanInstituteofEducationSupervisor: Signature:Date:Nov.22thAcknowledgementsUponthecompletionofthisthesis,I’dliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohavehelpedmegenerously.Comingtoanend(ofthe)twoyearsofmycollegelife,studyandlifereview,Ifeelthedeeplyrichharvest.Intheprocessofwritingthethesis,therearemanydifficulties,regardlessofwhichlinktomymentorgavecarefulguidanceandhelp.Itakethisopportunitytoexpressmyheartfeltthankstomymentor!Writinginthepaperstrictlyfromthetopic,hasbeenrepeatedlyrevisedinthefinalpaper,theteacherisalwaysseriousandresponsiblewaytogivemeadeepanddetailedguidance,tohelpmedevelopresearchideas,carefullycoaching,enthusiasmencouraged.Mr.Liishelpsme.Mythesishasbeencompletedsuccessfully,thankyouMr.Li! 內容摘要英語課堂導入有一定的藝術，導入得當，能提高學生的興趣和課堂效率。主要從以下幾點展開論述：課堂導入的重要性，課堂導入的組成部分，課堂導入的方法，課堂導入的原則，等課堂導入的特點。這寫都是以教師的引導為主要方向，通過師生間的配合來達到新的課程目標。在導入過程中，我們要以學生為中心，用他們的言談，表演作為導入手段，充分利用各種多媒體和圖片進行導入，利用歌曲和游戲做好課前導入準備。 關鍵詞：初中英語；課堂導入；課前準備。AbstractOnlead-ininEnglishclasshassomeartisticqualities;appropriatelead-incanimprovestudents’interestandclassroomefficiency.Discussioncanbeseenfromthefollowingfivepoints:theimportanceoflead-ininEnglishclass;thecharacteristicsoflead-ininEnglishclass;theprinciplesoflead-ininEnglishclass;componentsofonlead-inclass;themethodsoflead-ininmiddleschoolEnglishclass.TeachersandstudentshaveagoodcooperationinEnglishclass,theteacherguidesthestudents.Inlead-inprocess,weshouldstudents’tocentering,theirspeaking,performingas,useofmultimediaandpictures,songsandgames,topreparebeforeonlead-ininEnglishclass.

Keywords:middleschoolEnglish;lead-in;bereadyoftheclassContentsAcknowledgements……………………..iAbstractinChinese……………………iiAbstractinEnglish…………………….iii1.Introduction…………………….…..12．Theimportanceonlead-ininEnglishclass……….22.1Improvingthespeakingability…………………22.2Improvingstudents’interest……22.3Cradletostimulatethinking…….22.4Improvingstudents’learningefficiency………...33.Thecharacteristicsonlead-ininEnglishclass…..….43.1Direction…………43.2Operation………………….……..43.4Simplicity…………………….….43.4Newconceptions………………...44.Theprinciplesonlead-ininEnglishclass………………..………..…54.1Varieties……………………..…...54.2Flexibility…………..…………….54.3Learnability…….………………..54.4Linkages………………….………55.Componentsofagoodlead-inclass……………….…65.1Teachingaims……………….……65.2Languagecontentsandskills………………….….65.3Teachingstagesandprocedures…………………..76.TheMethodsonlead-ininmiddleschoolEnglishclass………….….86.1Direction……………….…………86.2Review…………...86.3Multimedia………………….…….……………..86.4Songs…………..…………….…..86.5Conversation………………….86.6Games…………87.Conclusion………….98.Bibliography……….10這個句子沒主語，看不懂students’interest這句話沒謂語動詞！On這個句子沒主語，看不懂students’interest這句話沒謂語動詞！On好像沒什么用，刪掉吧…Andthen到底是要表達什么意思？InEnglishteaching,aclassofonlead-inisthemostbasicstepintheprocessofteaching;Russellsays:"Agoodbeginningishalfdone."Ifyoulead-inaclassproperlycandirectlyattractstudents,arousetheinterestofstudents.Toproductiveagoodmotivationtolearn.BritisheducatorRussellsaid:"Alldisciplinarynatureshouldbestartedfromthementalenlightenment,theteachinglanguageshouldbethefuse,shockwave,stimulants,haveatantalizingmind,thinkingoftheeffectofexcitedpeople.Andthen到底是要表達什么意思？Thiswouldbeusedintheclassroomandthen.Lead-intendstomaketheclassroomagoodclassroomatmospherebecamelively.Properlessonplanisessentialforbothnoviceandexperiencedteachers.Althoughpreparationdoesnotguaranteesuccessfullesson,walkingintoaclassroomunpreparedismoreoftenthannotthebeginningofadisastrouslesson.Besides,studentsimmediatelynoticewhethertheirteacherhaspreparedornot.preparedteachersreceivemuchlessontrustandcooperationfromthestudents.Webenefitformlessonplaninanumberofways.Firstly,aclearlessonplanwillmakeourteacherbeawareoftheaimsandlanguagecontentsofthelesson.Italsohelpsstudentsdistinguishthevariousstagesofalessonandseetherelationshipbetweenthemsothatthelessoncanmovesmoothlyfromonestagetoanother.Wecanalsothinkabouthowthestudentscanbefullyengagedinthelesson.Whenplanningthelesson,wealsobecomeawareoftheteachingaidsthatareneeded.這個句子按照盼盼的意思，應該是個獨立句，但是句中的這個句子按照盼盼的意思，應該是個獨立句，但是句中的tend和become是兩個謂語動詞，語法錯誤。我不知道她到底想表達什么意思。2.TheImportanceonLead-ininEnglishClass這句話既少主語又少謂語。不知道盼盼到底想表達什么意思2.1Improvingthespeakingability(我個人覺得名詞短語Improvementofthe….要比這個動名詞短語好，給人的感覺更加干練)

Itishelpfulforimprovingthespeakingability,studentsandteacherscandevelopspeakingabilityasoneofthebestlinkstoprovidestudentswiththebestwork.Forexample,teacherscanprovidesomenewandinterestingtopicsforstudentstopracticeEnglishforrapidexpression.,improvestudentinterestandstimulatetheirthinking,theenthusiasmofstudentsandimprovelearningefficiency.

2.2Improvingstudents’interest.（同上）

Interestisthebestteacher.AmericaneducatorBrunosaid:"Thegreatestmotivationtolearnbutthelearningmaterialsofinterest."Intotheclassroomandgoodstudentscanstimulateinterestshouldbefunnyorinspiringthroughthelanguageofnature,sothatthestudentslearningatmosphere,thebestwaytoacquirenewknowledge.Importshouldbelikethewisethinkingofthestudentsinspiresstudentstocreativethinking;developastronginterestinlearning.這句話既少主語又少謂語。不知道盼盼到底想表達什么意思2.3Cradletostimulatethinking.

Activityduringrecesstime,studentswillbeveryrelaxed;manystudentswillcreateanewidea.Schoolbellrings,althoughthestudentshadreachedtheclassroom,buttheemotionsandthoughtsmaynotcome,thistimeintoagoodclasscanplaytheroleofemotionalstabilitiesstudentsreadthebooksoattentiontostudentsoutsidetheclassroom,andsucceededinturningtheattentionofstudentsattractedtotheclass.（還是缺少主語、謂語）

2.4Improvingstudents’learningefficiency

Effectivelyintotheclassroomcanplayaconnectingrole,(沒有主語)notonlyreviewtheoldknowledge,butalsotointroducenewknowledge,sothatstudentsplayedbothrevieweffect.objectives和we是什么意思？她想要表達什么？刪掉edTheobjectivesofthelead-indescribethespecificoutcomesorproductsofthecourses.Asaresult,objectivesguideweareteachers,theyalsohelplearnersunderstandwherethecoursesaregoingto,andwhy.objectives和we是什么意思？她想要表達什么？刪掉edThetaskforlanguageteachersistorealizethelead-inasacourseofactionbywhatevermethodologicalmeansseemmostappropriatefortheactivationoflearning(Widdowson,1990:67).Onlead-inisaninertabstractobject.Itisasetofbearsforouractionandnotasetofinstructionsforthestudents’activities.Whatstudentsdoisnotdirectlydeterminedbythelead-inbutisaconsequenceofhowthelead-inismethodologicallymediatedbytheteachersinthepursuitoftheirowncoursesofinstruction.Sincealanguageteachinglead-ininvolvestheintegrationofsubjectivematterandmethodologicalmatter,choiceoflead-incanrangesfromthemoreorlesspurelylinguistic,wherethecontentofinstructionisthegrammaticalandlexicalformsofthelanguage,tothepurelysemanticorinformational,wherethecontentofinstructionissomeskillorinformationandonlyincidentallytheformofthelanguage.

AsAsthefirstpartofclassroomteaching,theclassroomcreatesanatmosphere…..ofof3.TheCharacteristicsonLead-ininEnglishClass這一句既缺少主語，又缺少謂語。這個動詞不定式到底是做謂語還是狀語？這一句既缺少主語，又缺少謂語。這個動詞不定式到底是做謂語還是狀語？3.1DirectionTheclassroomasthefirstpartofclassroomteaching,createsaclassroomatmosphereanditsinspireareveryimportant,theimportanceofimprovingeffectiveness.Lead-intocreateagoodclassroomteachingsituation,inducingstudentstolearnandproblemsolvingdesire,sothatstudentsinneed,motivation,goals,theactiveinatargetedmannertostudytheissueandexplorestrategiesforsolvingproblemsinordertotrulyenterthenewknowledge.Thisbeingmustgraspthetwoprinciples.(這一段的第一句話雖然給她改了一些語法，但是因為語句不通順，思路不清晰，還是改得不徹底，讓她把漢語思路理清了再翻譯….)3.2OperationToimporttherichtaste,simplytheenthusiasmofthestudentsanddesign-link.Englishintothecreationofastronglearningenvironment,butalsopavethewayforlearningnewcontent,therealplay"guide"role,totheeffectofrefresher.（缺少主語）Thisistheclassroomintothepractical.（建議先把漢語思路理清了再去翻譯成英語）3.3SimplicityOnlead-inparttimenottoolong,generallynotmorethan3-5minutes,shouldstrivetoachieve"simplicityisnotsimple."（缺少主語）Iftimeistoolong,thecomplexity,itcannotguaranteethatteachingtime,thesecondislikelytocausestudentsweariness.（漢語意思理清了再做翻譯——還是缺少主語）3.4NewconceptionsIntheEnglishclassroom,intoallkindsofways,manywaysforteachersintheteachingofcommonlyusedandachievedgoodteachingeffect,andconstantlyimproveteachingpractices.（缺少主語）ThatappliesforallthecontentsoftheEnglishclassroom.Nomatterhoweffectivethismethodofimportingagoodsentenceis,iftheregular,repeatedusewillleadtostudentsandreducetheimportresults.(邏輯混亂)Therefore,thelead-inmethodsmustbeflexible,diverseandmustgivestudentsasenseofanovel,attractingtheattentionofstudents.4.ThePrincipalsonLead-ininEnglishClassTherearefourmajorprincipalsinagoodlessonintheprocessoflead-in.Theyarevariety,flexibility,learningability,andlinkage.4.1VarietyItreferstotheprocessofplanninganumberofdifferenttypesofactivitesandtomakeitpossibletoleadstudentstoawideselectionofmaterialssothatlearningisalwaysinteresting,motivatingandnevermonotonousforthestudents.4.2FlexibilityItmeansplanningtouseanumberofdifferentmethodsandtechniquesratherthanbeingaslavetoonemethodology.Thiswillmaketeachingandlearningmoreeffectiveandmoreefficient.4.3Learnability刪掉withItmeansthecontentsandtasksplannedforthelessonshouldbewithinthestudents’learningcapability.Ofcourse,thingsshouldnotbetooeasyeither.Thingsthatarebeyondorbelowthestudents’copyingabilitywilldiminishtheirmotivation(Schumann,1999:26刪掉with4.4LinkageItmeanstheproceduresandthestepswithineachstageareplannedinsuchawaythattheyaresomehowlinkedwithoneanother.Languagelearningneedsrecyclingandreinforcement.5.TheComponentsonLead-ininEnglishClassTheadvantageofaconcreteteachingplanisonethatteacherscanfollowitintheclassandcheckwhattheyhavedone.ThisplanwillbethebasisofarecordofwhathasbeencoveredinEnglishclass,andwillmakeiteasiertomakeachievementtestslater.Theteachingplanswillbegoodrecordsfortheentirecourse.Alanguageteachinglessonplaneusuallyhasthefollowingcomponents:5.1TeachingaimsThefirstthingtodointhelessonplanistodecidetheaimsofthelesson,whichincludewhatlanguagecomponentstopresent,whatcommunicativeskillstopractice,whatactivitiestoconductandwhatmaterialsandteachingaidstobeused.Usuallywearemanualaccompanyingatestbookwillstateclearlywhattheaimsareforeachunitorlesson.(accompanying和state是兩個謂語，但是主語只有一個，句意不清)However,classroomteachersareundernoobligationtoadoptthesameaims.Wedonotwritethetextbookespeciallyfortheirteachingcontext.Sowewishtomodifytheaimsandtheapproachrecommendedbyusmanual.（句意不清）6.2LanguagecontentsandskillsInlanguageteaching,itisimportantforthestudentstoknowexactlywhatlanguagecontentswillbetaughtandwhatthelanguageskillswillbepracticedinthelesson.Bylanguagecontents,wemeanstructures,vocabulary,functions,andtopicsandsoon.Bylanguageskills,wemeancommunicativeskillsinvolvedinlistening,speaking,readingandwriting.Amongthelanguagecontents,newvocabularyandstructuresoftenreceivemoreattentionfromthestudentsandus.However,teachersshouldbecarefulwhendecidingwhatvocabularyitemsandstructurestofocusonintheclass.Notallthenewwordsinalessonareequallyimportant.Weshoulddecidewhichwordsneedtobepracticedandwhichonlyneedtobebrieflytouched.Similarly,notallstructureshavethesamestatusinthelesson.Newstructuresneedtobepresentedcarefullyandpracticed.Weshouldalsobeawareofanystructureswhicharepracticedinthelesson,butwhichhavebeenmentionedinthepreviouslesson.刪掉andus刪掉andusTeachingstagesarethemajorstepsthatlanguagewegothroughintheclassroom.(這個定語從句的后半部分句意混亂)Proceduresarethedetailedstepsineachteachingstage.ThemostpopularlanguageteachingstageisthethreeP’smodel,whichincludespresentation,practice,andproduction.Atthepresentationstage,weintroducenewvocabularyandgrammaticalstructureswithreferencetotheircontextualizeduse.Atthepracticestage,thelessonmovesformcontrolledpracticetoguidedpracticeandfurthertotheexploitationofthetextswhennecessary.Attheproductionstage,thestudentsareencouragedtousewhattheyhavelearnedandpracticedtoperformcommunicativetasks.Atthislaststage,thefocusisonmeaningratherthanformalaccuracy.6.TheMethodsonLead-ininMiddleSchoolEnglishClass6.1DirectionDirectionisintuitiveandeasytoattractstudent’sinterest.Butdonotsimplycomeintophysicalkindtothestudents,butforthekindofwordslinkedwiththememoryinordertoachievethegoalsfreedomofcommunication.(缺少主語??！)6.2Review刪掉forThenewcoursebeforethestartoftherelevantknowledgeandskillsarereviewedandconsolidated,inordertoenablestudentstograspfor刪掉for6.3Multimedia:Itistheimportantinformation,moreandmoreattentionofmodernteachingMedias,havesomebeautifulpictures,moviesormusic,andsoon.Therebeusedofmethodsofimporting.(句意不清)6.4SongsThelanguageofmusicisashape,itgivesmuchexperience,theassociationandtheresonanceofhumandesignthatimport,andgenerallythemosteasilyleadtostudentinterest.6.5ConversationStudent’sfortheexchangeofdialogueinEnglishclass,whichisfreestyleconversationinmiddleschoolEnglish.（這個定語從句的前半部分沒有真正的主語，和后半部分聯(lián)系不起來）6.6GameThegame'suseofthestudentscanfullyaggressive,andthecharacteristicsofhonor,liketheEnglishgameforstudents,suchaspuzzles,solitaireandotherfigures.Whenplayinggames,thestudentsaremotivatedandenthusiasticclassroomatmosphereisgood,thismethodcanallowstudentstoactivelyparticipateinthestudyinthepast.7.ConclusionWestartedthislessonwithdiscussiononthesignificanceoflessonplan.Webelievelessonplanisnecessaryandbeneficialtobothexperiencedteachersandnewteachers.Thenwediscussedsomemajorprincipalsforgoodlessonplan,namely,verity,flexibility,learnabilityandlinkage.Thereareprincipalsbutnostandardwaytoplanlessons.TheEnglishlead-incanbedoneatmacroandmicrolevels.Macroonelead-ininvolvesobtainingknowledgeaboutthestudents,institutionandotherfeaturesoftheteachingcontext.Microonlead-ininvolvesdecidingwhatandhowtoteachintheclassroom.Wediscussedthemajorcomponentsoflessonplan,i.e.aims,languagecontentsandskills,andstagesandprocedures.Duetothelimitationofability,wewouldnotdiscussotherstagesinlessonlead-in,e.g.revision,introduction,checkinghomeworkandsoon.Weprovidedsomesamplelessonplans,butnoneofthemarelikethoseverbatimteachingnotes,whichmanyteacherswishtoread.Wedonotthinkverbatimlessonplansarereallybeneficialtoclassroomteachersbecauseverylittlereallifelanguageinteractioncanbepredictedaheadoftime.Studentshopeteacherscanapplytheideasandprincipalssuggestedinthisunittothecreationofimaginativelessonplansoftheirown.關于關于bibliography的問題目前還有爭議。她寫的這個論文是按照MLA的論文格式寫的，那就應該用“WorksCited”來替代“bibliography”.但是學校按照河師大的模板要求學生寫論文，所以模板上也一直是bibliography。到底用哪個，還是問一問李偉杰吧。Bibliography（WorksCited）Breen,M.1987.Contemporaryparadigmsinlead-indesign.LanguageTeaching.［M］20/1:81-83and20/2:157-172.Candlin,C.1984.Onlead-indesigna