英語四級閱讀今年的

HowtoDealWithDifficultPeople

InNewYorkCityoneday,abusinesswomangotintoataxi.Becauseitwas

rushhourandshewashurryingforatrain,shesuggestedaroute.〃I've

beenacabby（車夫）for15years!z/thedriveryelled."YouthinkIdon't

knowthebestwaytogo?”

Thewomantriedtoexplainthatshehadn，tmeanttooffendhim,butthe

driverkeptyelling.Shefinallyrealizedhewastooupsettobereasonable.

Soshedidtheunexpected."Youknow,you'reright,“shetoldhim.〃It

mustseemdumbformetoassumeyoudon，tknowthebestwaythroughthe

city.

Takenaback,thedriverflashedhisrideraconfusedlookintherear-view

mirror,turneddownthestreetshewantedandgothertothetrainontime.

〃Hedidn，tsayanotherwordtherestoftheride,〃shesaid,“untilIgot

outandpaidhim.Thenhethankedme.〃

Whenyouencounterpeoplelikethiscabdriver,there，sanirresistible

urgetodiginyourheels.Thiscanleadtoprolongedarguments,soured

friendships,lostcareeropportunitiesandbrokenmarriages.Asa

clinicalpsychiatrist,I'vediscoveredonesimplebutextremelyunlikely

principlethatcanpreventvirtuallyanyconflictorotherdifficult

situationfrombecomingarecipefordisaster.

Thekeyistoputyourselfintheotherperson，sshoesandlookforthe

truthinwhatthatpersonissaying.Findawaytoagree.Theresultmay

surpriseyou.

SulkersSteve，s14-year-oldson,Adam,hadbeenirritableforseveraldays.

WhenSteveaskedwhy,Adamsnapped,“Nothing'swrong!Leavemealone!”

andstalkedofftohisroom.

Weallknowpeoplelikethis.Whenthere，sproblem,theymaysulk（生

呵氣）oractangryandrefusetotalk.

Sowhat，sthesolution?First,SteveneedstoaskhimselfwhyAdamwon，t

talk.Maybetheboyisworriedaboutsomethingthathappenedatschool.

OrhemightbeangryathisdadbutafraidtobringitupbecauseSteve

getsdefensivewheneverheiscriticized.Stevecanpursuethese

possibilitiesthenexttimetheytalkbysaying,〃Inoticedyou'reupset,

andIthinkitwouldhelptogettheproblemoutintheopen.Itmaybe

hardbecauseIhaven，talwayslistenedvery58well.Ifso,Ifeelbad

becauseIloveyouanddon'twanttoletyoudown.〃

IfAdamstillrefusestotalk,Stevecantakeadifferenttack:'Tm

concernedaboutwhat'sgoingonwithyou,butwecantalkthingsoverlater,

whenyou，remoreinthemood.〃

Thisstrategyallowsbothsidestowin:Stevedoesn，thavetocompromise

ontheprinciplethatultimatelytheproblemneedstobetalkedoutand

resolved.Adamsavesfacebybeingallowedtowithdrawforawhile.

Noisycritics.Recently,IwascounsellingabusinessmannamedFrankwho

lendstobeoverbearing（專橫的）whenhe'supset.FranktoldmethatIwas

tooabsent-mindedwithmoneyandthatheshouldn，thavetopayateach

ofoursessions.Hewantedtobebilledmonthly.

IfeltannoyedbecauseitseemedFrankalwayshadtohavethingshisway.

IexplainedthatIhadtriedmonthlybilling,butithadn，tworkedbecause

somepatientsdidn，tpay.Frankarguedthathehadimpeccable（無可擬K

易LI的）creditandknewmuchmoreaboutcreditandbillingthanIdid.

SuddenlyIrealizedIwasmissingFrank，spoint."Youareright,〃Isaid.

〃rmbeingdefensive.Weshouldfocusontheproblemsinyourlifeand

notworrysomuchaboutmoney.〃

Frankimmediatelysoftenedandbegantalkingaboutwhatwasreally

botheringhim,whichweresomepersonalproblems.Thenexttimewemet,

hehandedmeacheckfor20sessionsinadvance!

Therearetimes,ofcourse,whenpeopleareunreasonablyabusiveandyou

mayneedtojustwalkawayfromthesituation.Butiftheproblemisone

thatyouwantsolved,it'simportanttoallowtheotherpersontokeep

someself-esteem.There，snearlyalwaysagrainoftruthintheother

person'spointofview.Ifyouacknowledgethis,heorshewillbeless

defensiveandmorelikelytolistentoyou.

Complainers.Bradisa32-year-oldDetroitchiropractor（按摩師）who

recentlydescribedhisfrustrationwithapatientofhis:askMr.Barry,

'Howareyoudoing?，andhedumpsouthiswholelifestory-hisfamily

problemsandhisfinancialdifficulties.Igivehimadvice,butheignores

everythingItellhim.〃

Bradneedstorecognizethathabitualcomplainersusuallydon，twant

advice.Theyjustwantsomeonetolistenandunderstand.SoBradmight

simplysay:"soundslikearoughweek,It'snofuntohaveunpaidbills,

peoplenaggingyou,andthispainbesides.〃Thecomplainerwillusually

runoutofgasandstopcomplaining.Thesecretisnottogiveadvice.

Justagreeingandvalidatingaperson，spointofviewwillmakethatperson

feelbetter.

Demandingfriends.Difficultpeoplearen，talwaysangryorjust

complaining.Sometimestheyaredifficultbecauseofthedemandsthey

placeuponus.Maybeafriendputsyouonthespotwitharequesttorun

anerrandforhimwhilehe，soutoftown.Ifyouhaveacrowdedschedule,

youmayagreebutendupangryandresentful.Orifyousaynointhewrong

way,yourfriendmayfeelhurtandunhappy.Theproblemisthat,caught

offguard,youdon，tknowhowtodealwiththesituationinawaythat

avoidsbadfeelings.

OnemethodI'vefoundhelpfulis"punting”.You，repuntingwhenyoutell

thepersonyouneedtothinkabouttherequestandthatyou'11getback

aboutit.Sayacolleaguecallsandpressuresmetogivealectureathis

university.I'velearnedtosay,〃I'mflatteredthatyouthoughtofme.

Letmecheckmyschedule,andV11callyouback.〃

ThisgivesmetimetodealwithanyfeelingsofguiltifIhavetosay

no.SupposeIdecideitisbettertodecline;puntingallowmetoplan

whatIwillsaywhenIcallback,〃Iappreciatebeingasked,zzImight

indicate,“butIfindI'mover-committedrightnow.However,Ihopeyou'11

thinkofmeinthefuture.〃

Respondingtodifficultpeoplewithpatienceandempathycanbetough,

especiallywhenyoufeelupset.Butthemomentyougiveupyourneedto

controlorberight,theotherpersonwillbeginrelaxingandstart

listeningtoyou.TheGreekphilosopherEpictetusunderstoodthiswhen

hesaidnearly2,000yearsago,〃Ifsomeonecriticizesyou,agreeatonce.

Mentionthatifonlytheotherpersonknewyouwell,therewouldbemore

tocriticizethanthat!〃

Realcommunicationresultsfromaspiritofrespectforyourselfandfor

theotherperson.Thebenefitscanbeamazing.

1.Theprinciplethewriterhasdiscoveredtostopanyconflictfromgoing

worseistofindawaytoagree.

2.Thetaxidriverthankedthebusinesswomanbecauseshewasverypolite

tohim.

3.Difficultpeoplementionedinthepassageincludethosewhogive

occasionalcomplaints.

4.Onewaytodealwiththepersonwhoisunreasonablyabusiveistowalk

awayfromthesituation.

5.IfMr.BarryhadfollowedBrad，sadvice,hewouldhavesolvedallhis

personalproblems.

6.Whathabitualcomplainersneedisagoodlistener.

7.Itwillendupinunhappinesswhetheryouhavesatisfiedyourfriend，s

requestornot.

8.Youwillberewardedwitharealcommunicationifyouforothers.

9.Adifficultpersoncanbecomearelaxingandgoodconversational

partnerifyouyourcontrol.

60

10.Accordingtotheauthor,oneeffectivewaytodealwithademanding

friendis.

Passage2

Agrowingworldpopulationandthediscoveriesofsciencemay11this

patternofdistributioninthefuture.Asmenslowlylearntomaster

diseases,controlfloods,preventfamines,andstopwars,fewerpeople

dieeveryyear;andin12thepopulationoftheworldis13increasing.

In1925therewereabout2,000millionpeopleintheworld;bytheend

ofthecenturytheremaywellbeover4,000million.

Whennumbersrisethe14mouthsmustbefed.NewlandsmustbeIbought

undercultivation,orlandalreadyfarmedmadeto15largercrops.Insome

areastheaccessiblelandislargelysointensively16thatitwillbe

difficulttomakeitprovidemorefood.Insomeareasthepopulationis

sodensethatthelandisparceledoutinunitstoo17toallowformuch

improvementinfarmingmethods.Werealargerpartofthisfarming

populationdrawnoffintoindustrialoccupations,thelandmightbefarmed

muchmoreproductivelybymodernmethods.

Thereisnowaraceforscience,technology,andindustrytokeepthe18

offoodrisingfasterthanthenumberofpeopletobefed.Newstrains

ofcropsarebeingdevelopedwhichwillthrivein19climates;irrigation

anddry-farmingmethodsbringpoorlandsundertheplough,damsholdback

thewatersofgreatriversto20waterforthefieldsinallseasonsand

toprovideelectricpowerfornewindustries;industrialchemistry

providesfertilizerstosuitparticularsoils;aeroplanesspraycrops

todestroyinsectsandmanyplantdiseases.

A.ensureB.violentlyC.alterD.harmfulE.cultivatedF.uniqueG.

transplantedH.yieldI.consequenceJ.outputK.extraL.steadilyM.

tinyN.unfavorable0.produce

Passage3

Theprocessofperceivingothersisrarelytranslated(toourselvesor

others)intocold,objectiveterms."Shewas5feet8inchestall,had

fairhair,andworeacoloredskirt.〃Moreoften,wetrytogetinside

theotherpersontopinpoint(強調)hisorherattitudes,emotions,

motivations,abilities,ideas,andcharacters.Furthermore,wesometimes

behaveasifwecanaccomplishthisdifficultjobveryquickly—perhaps

withatwo-secondglance.

Wetrytoobtaininformationaboutothersinmanyways.Bergersuggests

severalmethodsforreducinguncertaintiesaboutothers;whoareknown

toyousoyoucancomparetheobservedperson'sbehaviorwiththeknown

others'behavior,observingapersoninasituationwheresocialbehavior

isrelativelyunrestrainedorwhereawidevarietyofbehavioralresponses

arecalledfor,deliberatelystructuringthephysicalorsocial

environmentsoastoobservetheperson，sresponsestospecificstimuli

(刺激因素)，askingpeoplewhohavehadorhavefrequentcontactwiththe

personabouthimorher,andusingvariousstrategiesinface-to-face

interactiontouncoverinformationaboutanotherperson—question,

self-disclosures,andsoon.

Gettingtoknowsomeoneisanever-endingtask,largelybecausepeople

areconstantlychangingandthemethodsweusetoobtaininformationare

oftenimprecise.Youmayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknow

verylittleabouthim.Ifweaccepttheideathatwewon，teverfullyknow

anotherperson,itenablesustodealmoreeasilywiththosethingsthat

getinthewayofaccurateknowledgesuchassecretsanddeceptions.It

willalsokeepusfrombeingtoosurprisedorshockedbyseemingly

inconsistentbehavior.Ironically,thosethingsthatkeepusfromknowing

anotherpersontoowell(e.g.secretsanddeceptions)maybejustas

importanttothedevelopmentofasatisfyingrelationshipasthosethings

thatenableustoobtainaccurateknowledgeaboutaperson(e.g.

disclosuresandtruthfulstatement）.

21.Accordingtothepassage,ifweperceiveaperson,wearelikelyto

beinterestedin

A.whathewearsB.howtallheis

C.howhappyheisD.whatcolorhedyeshishair

22.Somepeopleareoftensurprisedbywhatotherpeopledo.According

toBerger,thatismainlybecause.

A.somepeoplearemoreemotionalthanothers

B.somepeoplearenotawareofthefactthatwewillnevercompletely

knowanotherperson

C.somepeoplearesensitiveenoughtosensethechangeofotherpeople，s

attitudes

D.somepeoplechoosetokeeptothemselves

23.Wemayhaveknownsomeonefortenyearsandstillknowverylittle

abouthimbecause.

A.wedon'taccepttheideathatwemightneverfullyknowanotherperson

B.weoftengetinformationinacasualandinexactway

C.wepaymoreattentiontootherpeople，smotivationsandemotions62

D.weoftenhaveface-to-faceconversationwithhim

24.Therearethingsthatwefindpreventingusfromknowingothers.These

thingsare

A.disclosuresB.deceptions

C.stimuliD.interactions

25.Thispassagemainlyconcerns.

A.therelationshipbetweenpeopleB.theperceptionofotherpeople

C.secretsanddeceptionsofpeopleD.people，sattitudesandcharacters

Passage4

Modernscientistsdividetheprocessofdyingintotwostages—clinical

or（emporarydeathandbiologicaldeath.Clinicaldeathoccurswhenthe

vitalorgans,suchastheheartorlungs,haveceasedtofunction,but

havenotsufferedpermanentdamage.Theorganismcanstillberevived（復

活）.Biologicaldeathoccurswhenchangesintheorganismleadtothe

disintegration（解體）ofvitalcellsandtissues.Deathisthen

irreversibleandfinal.

Scientistshavebeenseekingawaytoprolongtheperiodofclinicaldeath

so（hattheorganismcanberevivedbeforebiologicaldeathoccurs.The

bestmethoddevelopedsofarinvolvescoolingoftheorganism,combined

withnarcotic（麻醉的）sleep.Byslowingdownthebody，smetabolism（新

成彳弋普寧），coolingdelaystheprocessesleadingtobiologicaldeath.

Toillustratehowthisworks,scientistsperformedanexperimentona

six-year-oldfemalemonkeycalledKeta.ThescientistsputKetatosleep

withanarcotic.Thentheysurroundedherbodywithice-bagsandbegan

checkingherbodytemperature.Whenithaddroppedto28degreesthe

scientistsbegandrainingbloodfromanitsbody.Themonkey，sblood

pressuredecreasedandanhourlaterboththeheartandbreathingstopped;

clinicaldeathsetin.FortwentyminutesKetaremainedinthisstate.

Hertemperaturedroppedto22degrees.Atthispointthescientistspumped

bloodintoitsbodyinthedirectionoftheheartandstartedartificial

breathing.Aftertwominutesthemonkey，sheartbecameactiveoncemore.

Afterfifteenminutes,spontaneousbreathingbegan,andafterfourhours

Ketaopenedhereyesandliftedherhead.Aftersixhours,whenthe

scientiststriedtogiveherapenicillininjection,Ketaseizedthe

syringeandranwithitaroundtheroom.Herbehaviordifferedlittlefrom

thatofahealthyanimal.

26.Thispassagefocuseson.

A.thedifferencebetweenbiologicalandclinicaldeath.

B.theprocessofdying

C.prolongingtheperiodofclinicaldeath

D.thenatureofclinicaldeath

27.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat

A.modemscientistsdividetheprocessofdyingintoclinicaland

biologicaldeath

B.biologicaldeathoccurswhenvitalorganshavesufferedpermanent

damage

C.scientistshavefoundawaytoprolongtheperiodofclinicaldeath

D.coolingdelaystheprocessesleadingtobiologicaldeath

28.Onecharacteristicofclinicaldeathis.

A.lastingdamagetothelungsB.destructionofthetissues

C.temporarynon-functioningoftheheartD.thattheorganismcannotbe

revived

29.Accordingtothepassage,coolinganorganism

A.speedsupthebody，smetabolismB.slowsdisintegrationofbodytissues

C.preventsdamagetoorgansD.revivesdamagedorgans

30.Onepossiblebenefitoftheexperimentdiscussedinthepassage

is______.

A.lesscrowdedcitiesB.victoryoverdeath

C.protectionagainstfatalinjuryD.fewerdeathsfromheartattacks

參考答案：

UnitNine

I.Y2.N3.N4.Y5.NG6.Y7.N8.showrespect9.giveup10.punting

II.C12.I13.L14.K15.H16.E17.M18.J19.N20.A21.C22.B23.B

24.B25.B26.C27.C28.C29.B30.D

PassageSix(ThePresentIstheMostImportant)

Shamsanddelusionsareesteemedforsoundesttruths,whilerealityisfabulous.

Ifmenwouldsteadilyobserverealitiesonly,andnotallowthemselvestobe

deluded,life,tocompareitwithsuchthingsasweknow,wouldbelikeafairy

taleandtheArabianNights1Entertainments.Ifwerespectedonlywhatis

inevitableandhasarighttobe,musicandpoetrywouldresoundalongthestreets.

Whenweareunhurriedandwise,weperceivethatonlygreatandworthythings

haveanypermanentandabsoluteexistence,一-thatpettyfearsandpettypleasure

arebuttheshadowofreality.Thisisalwaysexhilaratingandsublime.Byclosing

theeyesandslumbering,byconsentingtobedeceivedbyshows,menestablish

andconfirmtheirdailylifeofroutineandhabiteverywhere,whichstillis

builtonpurelyillusoryfoundation.Children,whoplaylife,discernitstrue

lawandrelationsmoreclearlythanmen,whofailtoliveworthily,butwhothink

thattheyarewiserbyexperience,thatis,byfailure.IhavereadinaHindoo

book,thatutherewasaking'sson,who,beingexpelledininfancyfromhisnative

city,wasbroughtupbyaforester,and,growinguptomaturityinthatstate,

imaginedhimselftobelongtothebarbarousracewithwhichbelived.Oneof

hisfather'sministershavingdiscoveredhim,revealedtohimwhathewas,and

themisconceptionofhischaracterwasremoved,andheknewhimselftobeaprince.

Sosoul,fromthecircumstancesinwhichitisplaced,mistakesitsowncharacter,

untilthetruthisrevealedtoitbysomeholyteacher,andthenitknowsitself

tobeBrahme."Wethinkthatthatiswhichappearstobe.Ifamanshouldgive

usanaccountoftherealitieshebeheld,weshouldnotrecognizetheplacein

hisdescription.Lookatameeting-house,oracourt-house,orajail,orashop.

Oradwelling-house,andsaywhatthatthingreallyisbeforeatruegaze,and

theywouldallgotopiecesinyouraccountofthem.Menesteemtruthremote,

intheoutskirtsofthesystem,behindthefartheststar,beforeAdamandafter

thelastman.Ineternitythereisindeedsomethingtrueandsublime.Butall

thesetimesandplacesandoccasionsarenowandhere.Godhimselfculminates

inthepresentmoment,andwillneverbemoredivineinthelapseofallages.

Andweareenabledtoapprehendatallwhatissublimeandnobleonlybythe

perpetualinstillinganddrenchingoftherealitythatsurroundsus.Theuniverse

constantlyandobedientlyanswerstoourconceptions;whetherwetravelfast

orslow,thetrackislaidforus.Letusspendourlivesinconceivingthen.

Thepoetortheartistneveryethadasfairandnobleadesignbutsomeofhis

posterityatleastcouldaccomplishit.

1.Thewriter'sattitudetowardtheartsisoneof

[A],admiration..indifference.[C].suspicion.[D].repulsion

2.Theauthorbelievesthatachild.

[A],shouldpracticewhattheHindoospreach.

.frequentlyfacesvitalproblemsbetterthangrownupsdo.

[C].hardlyeverknowshistrueorigin.

[D].isincapableofappreciatingthearts.

3.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithurgingthereaderto

[A],looktothefutureforenlightenment..appraisethepresentforitstrue

value.

[C].honorthewisdomofthepastages.[D],spendmoretimeinleisureactivities.

4.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithproblemof

[A],historyandeconomics..societyandpopulation.

[C].biologyandphysics.[D].theologyandphilosophy.

Vocabulary

1.sham虛偽

2.delusion欺騙

3.fabulous荒誕無稽的，不存在的

4.exhilarating令人高興的

5.sublime崇高的

6.slumber捶眠

7.Hindoo印度

8.Brahma婆羅門（貴族）

9.come,fall,gotopieces崩潰,垮臺

10.culminate達到頂點

H.lapse時間的推移/消逝

12.apprehend領悟，理解

13.instill（慢慢地）滴注，灌輸

14.drench浸泡，使?jié)裢?/p>

15.posterity子孫后代

16.lookto指望，注意

難句譯注

1.Ifmenwouldsteadilyobserverealitiesonly,andnotallowthemselvesto

bedeluded,life,tocompareitwithsuchthingsasweknow,wouldbelikea

fairytaleandtheArabianNights5Entertainments.

[結構簡析]虛擬條件句，主句中tocompareitwith...know是插入語，也有假設之

~T*~T~

ziDxO

[參考譯文]如果人們堅持只觀察現(xiàn)實，不讓自己被蒙蔽，那么生活，把它和我們知道

的事情相比較，就象神話，象一千零一夜中描述的一切。

2.Whenweareunhurriedandwise,weperceivethatonlygreatandworthythings

haveanypermanentandabsoluteexistence,—thatpettyfearsandpettypleasure

arebuttheshadowofreality.

[結構簡析]主句中兩個that.第一個是perceive的賓語從句。破折號的第二個that

從句是說明，對比前一"?that句。

[參考譯文]在我們冷靜和明智時，我們會感到只有偉大的和有價值的東西才能永恒絕

對地存在，而那些微不足道的恐懼和歡樂僅僅是現(xiàn)實的阻影而已。

3.Byclosingtheeyesandslumbering,byconsentingtobedeceivedbyshows,

menestablishandconfirmtheirdailylifeofroutineandhabiteverywhere,which

stillisbuiltonpurelyillusoryfoundation.

[參考譯文]閉上眼睛，昏昏欲睡，允許自己被表面現(xiàn)象所蒙蔽，人們通過這些手段來

建立和確定他們的生活日程和各種習慣。這仍然是建立在幻（覺）想基礎上的東西。

4.Sosoul,fromthecircumstancesinwhichitisplaced,mistakesitsown

character,untilthetruthisrevealedtoitbysomeholyteacher,andthenit

knowsitselftobeBrahme.M

［結構簡析］fromthecircumstancesinwhich,介詞短語+定從，實際上都是修

飾mistake

［參考譯文］從它所處的環(huán)境中出發(fā)，靈魂把自己的身份搞錯了。直到某個神圣的先生

揭示的事實，那時它才知道自己是個貴族。

5.Wethinkthatthatiswhichappearstobe.

［結構簡析］第一個that是引導think的賓語從句的連接詞，第二個that是代詞，作

賓從中的主語，指上述“靈魂”整個句子。

［參考譯文］我們想那就是看起來那個樣子（情況似乎就是那樣）。

寫作方法與文章大意

這是一篇從哲學角度探討人應重視現(xiàn)實的論說文。采用以對比，具體實例說明的寫作手

法。先用虛偽和欺騙被尊為至高無上的真理一事，跟正視現(xiàn)實，尊重必然的東西對比，

引出后者是美好生活的來源。再以大人和孩子對比，孩子更能分辨生活的規(guī)律。最后從

過去，未來和現(xiàn)在對比，人們對過去認為就是這么一回事，崇拜遙遠的一切。作者提醒

人們——此時此地的現(xiàn)實是最重要的。

答案+詳解

1.A.欽佩。本文第三句“如果我們只尊重必然的東西，尊重有權威為必然的東西，那

么音樂和詩歌會重新在街上唱誦?！北疚淖詈笠痪洹半m然詩人或藝術從來沒有如此美好和

崇高的設想，但他們有些后代至少會達到這一步的?！边€有難句譯注lo這些都說明作者

對藝術視為崇高和美好，不是被蒙蔽的東西。

B.漠不關心。C.懷疑的。D.排斥。多不對。

2.B.孩子們常常比成人更好地棉隊各種問題。本文第七句“孩子們游戲生活（整天只

知道玩兒），卻比難以很好的生活的成人們更清楚的分辨出顯示生活的真正規(guī)律和種種

關系。”

A.孩子應當實踐印度布道宣傳的東西。C.幾乎對其真實出身一無所知。這是講王子

的事情，不是一般孩子。D.難以欣賞藝術。并未提及。

3.B.珍視目前的真正價值。這在文章倒數(shù)第五句“永恒中，確實有真實和崇高的東西

存在。但是所有這一切時間，地點，機遇都是在此時此地。上帝本身在現(xiàn)時達到了頂峰。

在今后流逝的歲月中，它絕不會更加神圣崇高。我們只有長期不斷地灌輸和浸潤在周圍

現(xiàn)實之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的東西。不論我們的步伐快還是慢，路線已為我

鋪定。那就讓我們的生命在體會感受中度過?！弊髡邚娬{現(xiàn)實才是人們應該抓住的。

A.指望未來給予啟迪。C.尊重過去的智慧。D.在悠閑的活動中花更多的時間。

4.D.神學和哲學。整篇文章都傳遞了這兩個內容，特別是哲學推理論說。

A.歷史和經濟學。B.社會和人口。C.生物和物理。

請大家試著翻譯文章中劃線句子。

spotV.認出，定位，偵察

versionv.形式，版本

orbitn.軌道，范圍

fatala.致命的,重大的

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Unlesswespendmoneytospotandpreventasteroids（小行星）now,onemight

crashintoEarthanddestroylifeasweknowit,saysomescientists.

Asteroidsarebiggerversionsofthemeteoroids(流星)thatraceacrossthe

nightsky.MostorbitthesunfarfromEarthanddon'tthreatenus.Butthere

arealsothousandsofasteroidswhoseorbitsputthemonacollisioncoursewith

Earth.

Buy$50millionworthofnewtelescopesrightnow.Thenspend$10million

ayearforthenext25year5stolocatemostofthespacerocks.Bythetime

wespotafatalone,thescientistssay,we*11haveawaytochangeitscourse.

Somescientistsfavorpushingasteroidsoffcoursewithnuclearweapons.

Butthecostwouldn'tbecheap.

Isitworthit?Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganyriskre:1)

Howlikelytheeventis;and2)Howbadtheconsequencesiftheeventoccurs.

ExpertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflifemightstrikeEarth

onceevery500,000years.Soundsprettyrare—butifonedidfall,itwouldbe

theendoftheworld."Ifwedon'ttakecareofthesebigasteroids,they,lltake

careofus,“saysonescientist."It'sthatsimple.”

Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.Dowereallywantfleets

ofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?"Theworldhaslesstofearfrom

doomsday(毀滅，性的)rocksthanfromagreatnuclearfleetsetagainstthem,Msaid

aNewYorkTimesarticle.

21.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutasteroidsandmeteoroids?

A)Theyareheavenlybodiesdifferentincomposition.

B)Theyareheavenlybodiessimilarinnature.

C)Therearemoreasteroid