中考賓語(yǔ)從句講解與練習(xí)

中考賓語(yǔ)從句講解與練習(xí)1語(yǔ)序無(wú)論主句是陳述句還是疑問(wèn)句，賓語(yǔ)從句都必須使用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“主句+ 連詞+賓語(yǔ)從句（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+……）”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：1）連接詞+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。 常見(jiàn)的連接詞有： who,what,which等。：Couldyoutellmewhoknowstheanswer,please?你能告訴我誰(shuí)知道答案嗎？Thesmallchildrendon'tknowwhatisintheirstockings這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？2）連接詞+名詞+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。 常見(jiàn)的連接詞有：whose,what,which,howmany,howmuch等。如：Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass.他問(wèn)我們班上誰(shuí)的書(shū)法最好。Theteacheraskedushowmanypeopletherewereintheroom.老師問(wèn)我們房間里有多少人。3）連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連接詞有： who（m）,what,which,howmany,howmuch,when,why,how,where,if/whether （在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）等。 女口：Hehasn'tdecidedifhe'llgoonatriptoWuxi.他還沒(méi)決定是否去無(wú)錫旅行。CouldyoutellmewhatIshoulddowiththemoney?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？4） 連接詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。連接詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的連接詞有：what,which,howmany,howmuch,how等。如：Doyouknowwhichclassheisin?你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎？5）在選擇疑問(wèn)句中，或與 ornot連用時(shí)，必須用whether而不能用if。變賓語(yǔ)從句 需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：A.時(shí)態(tài)變化： 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句必須是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的一種主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句必須是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。B.人稱變化：不常用 女口：Heaskedme.Areyouateacher？”HeaskedmeifIwasateacher。C.語(yǔ)序變化：WhereisMike？Doyouknow？DoyouknowwhereMikeis？6）當(dāng)動(dòng)詞think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine后接一個(gè)表示否定意義的 賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其否定通常轉(zhuǎn)移到主語(yǔ)：Idon'tsupposethatitistrue.我認(rèn)為那不是真的。Idon'timaginethathewillcome.我想他不會(huì)來(lái)的。Idon'tthinkweneedwastemuchtimeonit.我想我們不必在這上面花太多時(shí)間7）當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句后跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常在賓語(yǔ)從句處使用形式賓語(yǔ) it，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)從句移至句末：Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我認(rèn)為你最好住這兒。Hehasn'tmadeitknownwhenheisgoingtogetmarried他還沒(méi)宣布他何時(shí)結(jié)婚。ExerciseHesaid.TheboyisacleverboyHeissure.HisteamcanbeatthemHewasafraid.Itwillbewindytomorrow.Hesaid.Thelostbookwasfounded.HehopesHewillbeabletopasstheexam.HeaskedWhenwillthebusarrive?MotheraskedhersonWhosepenareyouusing?Thechildrensaid ?we.enjoyourselvesverymuch.Theboyaskedme …..Haveyouheardanynoisefromoutside?10.DoyouknowWhichwaymustwetaketo?11.Idon'tknow…..Whyishelateforthemeeting?12.Doyouremember…Whendidhedie?13.Nobodyknows…-Whenwillhecomeback?14.Doyouknow…Whataretheylookingfor?15.Heaskedme…Howlongdoesittaketowalktoschool?16.Fatheraskedme…Whatiswrongwithyou?17.Ididn'tknow…Heisgoingtohaveaboy.Theyneverasked …Willitbeaboyoragirl?Hedidn'tknow…populationisabigproblem.20.1thought…Hewillcomebacksoon.Heaskedme…WhichTVprograiwillyouwatch?Idon'tknow…Willitgrowfast?Lilyasked…CanthemanhelpthemMotheraskedDotheyhaveacheaperone?SheaskedLucy…Doyouneedsomemoretea?Theteacheraskedus…DoyouhaveanyquestionsHeasked-WhatdidLucysay?Sheddn'tknow??Whowasintheroom?Theywantedknow…Whatisinthestockings?Heasked…Whatishispresent?Heasked…DiJimhaveagoodjourneyhome?Hewantedtoknow…WasitwarminMoscowHeasked…WhereisJack?Hewantedtoknow …Whathashappened?Heasked…Isanybodyhurt?一、英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)試卷1?閱讀理解TwofriendsandImovedintoahouseoffcampuswhenIwasajunioratIowaStateUniversity.WewereallabitafraidofourIandlord,arudemiddleagedmanwhowas"allbusiness"whenwesignedthelease.Hegaveusalectureaboutpayingtherentontimeandmaintainingthehouseandappliances.Weweren'treallysupposedto,butduringthefallsemester,myhousematesandIthrewaparty.WesentinvitationstomanyfriendsandtoldeveryonethatweknewtocometoourhouseonFridaynight.Wedrewalargecrowdandeveryonehadagreattime.Thelastguestsleftintheweehoursofthemorning.Exhausted,wedecidedtosleepinandcleanthehouseandyardthenextmorning.Well,youguessedit!Wewereawakenedabout7:00a.m.byourIandlord,whowasknockingonthedoor.Sheepishly,welethimin,expectingtoincurhiswrath.Instead,hepickedupapartyinvitationthathadbeenlayingonthesidewalkandasked,"Whydidn'tyougirlsinviteme?"Hecameintothehouse,madeaminorrepair,andspentafewminuteshelpinguspickuptrashfromtheyard.Weweren'tquitesurewhattomakeofourunexpectedluck.IfiguredthatheviewedmyhousematesandIasirresponsibleafterthepartyincidentandthiswouldprovehimright.ButIwaswrong.Hesaid,"Ihaveadaughteraboutyourage,andthesamethinghappenedtoheronce.Healsotaughtmeanimportantlessonaboutnotjudgingabookbyitscover.WhydidthewriterfeelalittleafraidofherIandlord?TheIandlordsaidnothingtous.Hewasarudemiddleagedmanwhowas"allbusiness"whentheysignedthelease.Hedidn'tplayajokeonus.Hewasalwaysangrywithus.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword“incurhiswrath”？getstressedout. B.getangry. C.bescolded. D.bepraised.WhatdidtheIandlorddoaftereneringthehouse?Heaskeduswhywedidn'tinviteher.Heblamedusbecausewedidn'tcleanthehouseandyard.Hedidn'tsayanything.Hethoughtwewereirresponsible.WhatdoyouthinkoftheIandlord?Heisreallyseriousandunkind.Heissorudeandpoliteless.Heisreallyseriousandunkind.Heissorudeandpoliteless.D.Heisreallystrictandcruel.Heissokindandunderstanding.D.Heisreallystrictandcruel.Whatdidthewriterwanttotellus?A.NeverjudgefromappearancesC.Accidentswillhappen.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.A.NeverjudgefromappearancesC.Accidentswillhappen.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.【答案】(1)BTOC\o"1-5"\h\zCACA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在大三時(shí)和朋友在校外租房住，遇到了一個(gè)看起來(lái)粗魯?shù)闹心昴蟹繓|， 有點(diǎn)害怕他。因?yàn)楹团笥褌円黄疝k了一個(gè)聚會(huì)， 意外認(rèn)識(shí)到這位房東其實(shí)是一個(gè)非常友善的的人。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。有文章第一段 “WewereallabitafraidofourIandlord,arudemiddleagedmanwhowas"allbusiness"whenwesignedthelease ，可知作者有點(diǎn)怕房東，是應(yīng)為他看起來(lái)粗魯而且簽租約的時(shí)候很 商人”故選B。詞義推測(cè)題。 結(jié)合前文可知，作者和她的朋友有點(diǎn)怕這個(gè)粗魯?shù)姆繓|，而她們因?yàn)榫蹠?huì)把屋子和院子弄得一團(tuán)糟，肯定會(huì)受到這個(gè)房東的責(zé)備， C.“bescolde(表受到責(zé)備，符合題意;A.“getstressedou感至到焦慮，和 “ecpectingto搭配意思不符；B.“getangry發(fā)怒，本句主語(yǔ)不是房東，不符： D."beprised"被表?yè)P(yáng)，語(yǔ)意不符，故選 G細(xì)節(jié)理解結(jié)題。由文章第四段 “Instead,hepickedupapartyinvitationthathadbeenlayingonthesidewalkandasked,"Whydidn'tyougirlsinviteme?"可知房東進(jìn)來(lái)后并沒(méi)有責(zé)備她們，反而問(wèn)她們：為什么不邀請(qǐng)他。故選 A。綜和理解題。由文章大意知，這位房東并不是像作者看起來(lái)的那樣粗魯嚴(yán)厲，而是很友善。排除法可知C對(duì)。故選Co主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Healsotaughtmeanimportantlessonaboutnotjudgingabookbyitscover可知房東讓她們學(xué)到重要的一課：不能以貌取人， “Neverjudgefromappearances，”A正確；B.“Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound."無(wú)缺點(diǎn)的朋友難覓”"Accidentswillhappen.總會(huì)有意外發(fā)生； D.“Afallintothepit,againinyourwit吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。故選A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查對(duì)文章的主題感情把握和對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的識(shí)別能力，答題時(shí)注意題中的關(guān)鍵詞,在文中尋找答案，再比對(duì)選項(xiàng)確定最佳答案。2?根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正誤。Alicewasastudentinasecondaryschool.Theschoolwasontheothersideofthestreetfrommyhouse.Everyday.Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse.Sheplayedverywell,muchbetterthananyotherofherclassmates.Andsheneverstopped.Shepractisedoverandoveragain,sometimesuntilitwasverydark.Oneday,Iaskedher,"whydoyoupractisesohard?Youareplayingverywell.""That'sbecauseIwanttoplayinthecitybasketballteam,"shelookedatmeandsaidproudly."Butrmstillnotgoodenough.Imustworkhard."Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage.Anotherday,Isawhercryingonthegrass,insteadofplayingbasketball.Iwalkedacrossthestreetandsatdownbyherside."Whyareyoucrying,girl?"Iasked."ThecoachofthecitybasketballteamtoldmethatIcouldn'tgoonplayingbasketballbecauseIwastooshort."Butsomedayslater,Isawherplayingbasketballagain,practisingevenharderthanbefore.Iwascurious(好奇的)andaskedherthereason."Myfathertoldmeifmydreamisbigenough,nothingcanstopme."Iwasmovedagain.Alice'sschoolwasnotfarawayfromthewriter'shome.ThewriterwastouchedwhenheheardwhatAlicesaidinthethirdparagraph.FromthepassageweknowAlicewasahard-workinggirl.Alice'sfathertoldherthatshewastooshorttogoonplayingbasketball.Alicemightgiveupplayingbasketballaccordingtothelastparagraph.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z【答案】 (1)11100【解析】【分析】本文講述了 Alice因?yàn)椴荒芾^續(xù)打籃球，非常難過(guò)。(1)推理題。根據(jù)Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse放學(xué)后,我在家看她打籃球可知愛(ài)麗絲的學(xué)校離作家的家不遠(yuǎn)故正確。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage可知當(dāng)作者聽(tīng)到愛(ài)麗絲所說(shuō)(1)推理題。根據(jù)Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse放學(xué)后,我在家看她打籃球可知愛(ài)麗絲的學(xué)校離作家的家不遠(yuǎn)故正確。(2)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage可知當(dāng)作者聽(tīng)到愛(ài)麗絲所說(shuō)的話時(shí)，他很感動(dòng)故正確。推理題。根據(jù)Shepractisedoverandoveragain,sometimesuntilitwasverydark她一遍又一遍地練習(xí)，有時(shí)直到天黑，可知從文章中我們知道愛(ài)麗絲是一個(gè)勤奮的女孩故正確。(4)纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThecoachofthecitybasketballteamtoldmethatIcouldn'tgoonplayingbasketballbecauseIwastooshort 教練告訴我，我不能繼續(xù)打籃球，因?yàn)槲姨?，可知?ài)麗絲的父親告訴她，她太矮了，不能繼續(xù)打籃球是錯(cuò)的 ，故錯(cuò)誤。(5)推理題。根據(jù)nothingcanstopm 沒(méi)有什么能阻止我，可知愛(ài)麗絲可能會(huì)放棄打籃球是錯(cuò)的，故錯(cuò)誤?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。3?閱讀理解Calabashbrothers（葫蘆娃兄弟）liveintheCalabashMountainwiththeirgrandfather.Theyareallverybrave.Theyweardifferentclothes.Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.Heispowerful.Hisbodycanbebiggerorsmaller.Buthedoesn'thavehisownideas.Theorangecalabashhasenhancedhearingandsight.Hecanseeandhearfarplacesclearly.Theyellowcalabash'sbodyisverystrong.Nothingcaninjure（傷害）him,butheisarrogant（傲慢的）.Thegreencalabashisthegodoffire.Hecaneatfireandmakefire.Thecyan（青色的）calabashcandrinkwaterandmakeflood.Thebluecalabashisthecleverestofall.Nobodycanfindhimwhenhemakeshimselfinvisible.Andthepurplecalabashhasamagicgourd（葫蘆）.Thegourdcanabsorb（吸收）everything.Onedayapangolin（穿山甲）brokethecaveandtwomonsterscameout.TheywereMonsterScorpion（蝎子精）andMonsterSnake.Thecalabashbrothersmustfightwiththemandsavetheworld.Uniuckily,theirgrandfatherwhohelpedthembeatthemonster,waskilledbythemonstersfinally.（1） Howmanycalabashbrothersarethere?Five. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Eight.（2） Whatdoestheredcalabashlooklike?Heispowerful. B.Hehasenhancedeyes.C.Hehastwobigeyes. D.Hehasahardhead.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIfthereisafire,youmayfindthe .redcalabash B.orangecalabash C.greencalabash D.cyancalabashWhatdoestheunderlinedword"invisible"meaninChinese?A.微不足道的 B看不見(jiàn)的 C暴露的 □赤裸的【答案】 (1)CACB【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹了七個(gè)葫蘆娃的故事， 分別介紹了他們的顏色與特長(zhǎng)。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.提示可知葫蘆兄弟一共七個(gè)，故選 Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.Heispowerful.Hisbodycanbebiggerorsmaller.提示可知，紅葫蘆娃他很強(qiáng)悍，故選 A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Thegreencalabashisthegodoffire.Hecaneatfireandmakefire.提示可知，青葫蘆娃會(huì)造火，故選 Co詞義理解推斷題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Nobodycanfindhimwhenhemakeshimselfinvisible.提示可知，invisible表示看不見(jiàn)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題與詞義推斷題。 細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；詞義題需要通讀上下文，了解大意之后找出正確選項(xiàng)。4?閱讀理解InancientChina,awomantoldthebeststories.Shemarriedanemperor（皇帝）.Sadly,oneday,thiswomanbecameillanddied.Everyonethoughttheemperorwouldsoonfindanotherfavouriteamonghiswives,buttheemperorwasverysad.Hespentmoreandmoretimeinhisgarden,andlessandlesstimecaringfortheneedsofhispeople.Everyoneinthekingdomwasworried.Oneday,apriest（牧師）passedwhensomechildrenwereplayingwiththeirdolls.Thedollsmadedancingshadowsonthewall.Thisgavethepriestanidea.Heknewthestoriestheemperor'swifeusedtotell.Whatifhecouldbringthosestoriestolife?Thepriestmadeapuppet（木偶）outofbitsofclay（黏土）.Hepaintedthepuppettolooksomewhatliketheemperor'swife.Whenthepuppetwasfinished,thepriestsilentlywalkedintotheemperor'sgarden,carryinghispuppet,acandleandacurtain.Heplacedthecurtainneartheemperor'schair.Heplacedhiscandie,hispuppetandhimselfbehindthecurtain.Hewaitedfortheemperortoappear.Theemperordidnotevennoticethecurtainatfirst.Thedancingshadowdrewhiseyes.Asthepriestmovedthepuppetbehindthecurtain,hetoldwonderfulstoriesastheemperor'swife.Itseemedasifhiswifehadbeenspendingtimewithhim.TheemperorwasnoIongersad.Attheendofeachbusyday,theemperorwentintohisgardentovisithisshadowwifeandhearherstoriesonceagain.Thatishowshadowpuppetsfirstbegan.Whydideveryoneinthekingdomfeelworried?Becausetheemperorwastoosadtocareabouthiscountry.Becausetheemperorcouldn'thearthestoriesanymore.Becausetheemperor'swifedied.Becausetheemperoralwaysstayedinhisgarden.Howdidthepriestgetagoodidea?A.Fromthecurtain.B.Fromthewall.C.Fromtheshadowofdolls.D.Fromthedance.WhatdidthepriestdotomaketheemperorNOTsad?Heplayedthepuppettodrawtheemperor'sattention.Hetoldthestoriesthattheemperor'swifehadtoldbyplayingthepuppet.Hecouldtellwonderfulstoriesliketheemperor'swife.Hecouldtellmorewonderfulstoriesthantheemperor'swife.WhichofthefollowingisNOTneededtoplayashadowpuppet?A.Thepriest. B.Thecandle. C.Thecurtain. D.Theclay.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z【答案】 (1)ACBD【解析】【分析】本文講述了皮影戲的來(lái)歷。推理題。根據(jù)Hespentmoreandmoretimeinhisgarden,andlessandlesstimecaringfortheneedsofhispeople.Everyoneinthekingdomwasworried. 他花越來(lái)越多的時(shí)間在他的花園里，越來(lái)越少的時(shí)間照顧他的人民的需要。王國(guó)里的每個(gè)人都很擔(dān)心 可知,王國(guó)里的每個(gè)人都感到擔(dān)心因?yàn)榛实厶瘋?，不關(guān)心他的國(guó)家 ，故選A。纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù)Oneday,apriest(牧師)passedwhensomechildrenwereplayingwiththeirdolls.Thedollsmadedancingshadowsonthewall.Thisgavethepriestanidea —天，一個(gè)牧師過(guò)去時(shí)，一些孩子正在玩他們的洋娃娃。洋娃娃在墻上畫(huà)了跳舞的影子。 這給了牧師一個(gè)主意可知， 從玩偶的陰影中神父得到一個(gè)好主意 ，故選C。(3)纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù) hetoldwonderfulstoriesastheemperor'swife.TheemperorwasnoIongersad他作為皇帝的妻子講了一些精彩的故事， 皇帝不再悲傷可知，牧師通過(guò)扮演木偶而講述了皇帝的妻子讓皇帝不難過(guò) ，故選B。纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù)Whenthepuppetwasfinished,thepriestsilentlywalkedintotheemperor'sgarden,carryinghispuppet,acandleandacurtain 木偶完成后，牧師帶著木偶、蠟燭和窗簾默默地走進(jìn)皇帝的花園 可知， 玩皮影戲不需要黏土 ，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。5?閱讀理解FormostpeopleintheWest,Valentine'sDay(情人節(jié))endsonFebruary15,buthereinJapanit'snotquiteoveruntilMarch15.March14-exactlyonemonthafterValentine'sDay--isWhiteDayinJapan.ToreallyunderstandwhatWhiteDayisallabout,youhavetounderstandwhatValentine'sDayinJapanislike.JapaneseValentine'sDayisallaboutmengettingpresents.Japanesewomenareusuallytooshytoshowtheirlove,thoughitmightnotbetruetoday.Valentine'sDayisagreatchancetoletwomenshowtheirfeelings.MenshouldreturngiftstowomenonWhiteDay.Onbothdays,chocolateisthegiftofchoice.Moreoften,thecolour