中考賓語從句講解與練習

中考賓語從句講解與練習1語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即“主句+ 連詞+賓語從句（主語+謂語+……）”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：1）連接詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。 常見的連接詞有： who,what,which等。：Couldyoutellmewhoknowstheanswer,please?你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？Thesmallchildrendon'tknowwhatisintheirstockings這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？2）連接詞+名詞+謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。 常見的連接詞有：whose,what,which,howmany,howmuch等。如：Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebestinourclass.他問我們班上誰的書法最好。Theteacheraskedushowmanypeopletherewereintheroom.老師問我們房間里有多少人。3）連接詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有： who（m）,what,which,howmany,howmuch,when,why,how,where,if/whether （在句中不充當任何成分）等。 女口：Hehasn'tdecidedifhe'llgoonatriptoWuxi.他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。CouldyoutellmewhatIshoulddowiththemoney?你能告訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？4） 連接詞+名詞+主語+謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有：what,which,howmany,howmuch,how等。如：Doyouknowwhichclassheisin?你知道他在哪個班嗎？5）在選擇疑問句中，或與 ornot連用時，必須用whether而不能用if。變賓語從句 需要注意以下幾點：A.時態(tài)變化： 主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以是任何時態(tài)主句是過去時，從句必須是過去時態(tài)的一種主句是將來時，從句必須是一般現(xiàn)在時。B.人稱變化：不常用 女口：Heaskedme.Areyouateacher？”HeaskedmeifIwasateacher。C.語序變化：WhereisMike？Doyouknow？DoyouknowwhereMikeis？6）當動詞think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine后接一個表示否定意義的 賓語從句時，其否定通常轉移到主語：Idon'tsupposethatitistrue.我認為那不是真的。Idon'timaginethathewillcome.我想他不會來的。Idon'tthinkweneedwastemuchtimeonit.我想我們不必在這上面花太多時間7）當賓語從句后跟有賓語補足語時，通常在賓語從句處使用形式賓語 it，而將真正的賓語從句移至句末：Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我認為你最好住這兒。Hehasn'tmadeitknownwhenheisgoingtogetmarried他還沒宣布他何時結婚。ExerciseHesaid.TheboyisacleverboyHeissure.HisteamcanbeatthemHewasafraid.Itwillbewindytomorrow.Hesaid.Thelostbookwasfounded.HehopesHewillbeabletopasstheexam.HeaskedWhenwillthebusarrive?MotheraskedhersonWhosepenareyouusing?Thechildrensaid ?we.enjoyourselvesverymuch.Theboyaskedme …..Haveyouheardanynoisefromoutside?10.DoyouknowWhichwaymustwetaketo?11.Idon'tknow…..Whyishelateforthemeeting?12.Doyouremember…Whendidhedie?13.Nobodyknows…-Whenwillhecomeback?14.Doyouknow…Whataretheylookingfor?15.Heaskedme…Howlongdoesittaketowalktoschool?16.Fatheraskedme…Whatiswrongwithyou?17.Ididn'tknow…Heisgoingtohaveaboy.Theyneverasked …Willitbeaboyoragirl?Hedidn'tknow…populationisabigproblem.20.1thought…Hewillcomebacksoon.Heaskedme…WhichTVprograiwillyouwatch?Idon'tknow…Willitgrowfast?Lilyasked…CanthemanhelpthemMotheraskedDotheyhaveacheaperone?SheaskedLucy…Doyouneedsomemoretea?Theteacheraskedus…DoyouhaveanyquestionsHeasked-WhatdidLucysay?Sheddn'tknow??Whowasintheroom?Theywantedknow…Whatisinthestockings?Heasked…Whatishispresent?Heasked…DiJimhaveagoodjourneyhome?Hewantedtoknow…WasitwarminMoscowHeasked…WhereisJack?Hewantedtoknow …Whathashappened?Heasked…Isanybodyhurt?一、英語閱讀理解專項練習試卷1?閱讀理解TwofriendsandImovedintoahouseoffcampuswhenIwasajunioratIowaStateUniversity.WewereallabitafraidofourIandlord,arudemiddleagedmanwhowas"allbusiness"whenwesignedthelease.Hegaveusalectureaboutpayingtherentontimeandmaintainingthehouseandappliances.Weweren'treallysupposedto,butduringthefallsemester,myhousematesandIthrewaparty.WesentinvitationstomanyfriendsandtoldeveryonethatweknewtocometoourhouseonFridaynight.Wedrewalargecrowdandeveryonehadagreattime.Thelastguestsleftintheweehoursofthemorning.Exhausted,wedecidedtosleepinandcleanthehouseandyardthenextmorning.Well,youguessedit!Wewereawakenedabout7:00a.m.byourIandlord,whowasknockingonthedoor.Sheepishly,welethimin,expectingtoincurhiswrath.Instead,hepickedupapartyinvitationthathadbeenlayingonthesidewalkandasked,"Whydidn'tyougirlsinviteme?"Hecameintothehouse,madeaminorrepair,andspentafewminuteshelpinguspickuptrashfromtheyard.Weweren'tquitesurewhattomakeofourunexpectedluck.IfiguredthatheviewedmyhousematesandIasirresponsibleafterthepartyincidentandthiswouldprovehimright.ButIwaswrong.Hesaid,"Ihaveadaughteraboutyourage,andthesamethinghappenedtoheronce.Healsotaughtmeanimportantlessonaboutnotjudgingabookbyitscover.WhydidthewriterfeelalittleafraidofherIandlord?TheIandlordsaidnothingtous.Hewasarudemiddleagedmanwhowas"allbusiness"whentheysignedthelease.Hedidn'tplayajokeonus.Hewasalwaysangrywithus.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedword“incurhiswrath”？getstressedout. B.getangry. C.bescolded. D.bepraised.WhatdidtheIandlorddoaftereneringthehouse?Heaskeduswhywedidn'tinviteher.Heblamedusbecausewedidn'tcleanthehouseandyard.Hedidn'tsayanything.Hethoughtwewereirresponsible.WhatdoyouthinkoftheIandlord?Heisreallyseriousandunkind.Heissorudeandpoliteless.Heisreallyseriousandunkind.Heissorudeandpoliteless.D.Heisreallystrictandcruel.Heissokindandunderstanding.D.Heisreallystrictandcruel.Whatdidthewriterwanttotellus?A.NeverjudgefromappearancesC.Accidentswillhappen.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.A.NeverjudgefromappearancesC.Accidentswillhappen.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.【答案】(1)BTOC\o"1-5"\h\zCACA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在大三時和朋友在校外租房住，遇到了一個看起來粗魯?shù)闹心昴蟹繓|， 有點害怕他。因為和朋友們一起辦了一個聚會， 意外認識到這位房東其實是一個非常友善的的人。細節(jié)理解題。有文章第一段 “WewereallabitafraidofourIandlord,arudemiddleagedmanwhowas"allbusiness"whenwesignedthelease ，可知作者有點怕房東，是應為他看起來粗魯而且簽租約的時候很 商人”故選B。詞義推測題。 結合前文可知，作者和她的朋友有點怕這個粗魯?shù)姆繓|，而她們因為聚會把屋子和院子弄得一團糟，肯定會受到這個房東的責備， C.“bescolde(表受到責備，符合題意;A.“getstressedou感至到焦慮，和 “ecpectingto搭配意思不符；B.“getangry發(fā)怒，本句主語不是房東，不符： D."beprised"被表揚，語意不符，故選 G細節(jié)理解結題。由文章第四段 “Instead,hepickedupapartyinvitationthathadbeenlayingonthesidewalkandasked,"Whydidn'tyougirlsinviteme?"可知房東進來后并沒有責備她們，反而問她們：為什么不邀請他。故選 A。綜和理解題。由文章大意知，這位房東并不是像作者看起來的那樣粗魯嚴厲，而是很友善。排除法可知C對。故選Co主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Healsotaughtmeanimportantlessonaboutnotjudgingabookbyitscover可知房東讓她們學到重要的一課：不能以貌取人， “Neverjudgefromappearances，”A正確；B.“Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound."無缺點的朋友難覓”"Accidentswillhappen.總會有意外發(fā)生； D.“Afallintothepit,againinyourwit吃一塹，長一智。故選A。

【點評】本題考查對文章的主題感情把握和對細節(jié)的識別能力，答題時注意題中的關鍵詞,在文中尋找答案，再比對選項確定最佳答案。2?根據(jù)短文內容，判斷句子正誤。Alicewasastudentinasecondaryschool.Theschoolwasontheothersideofthestreetfrommyhouse.Everyday.Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse.Sheplayedverywell,muchbetterthananyotherofherclassmates.Andsheneverstopped.Shepractisedoverandoveragain,sometimesuntilitwasverydark.Oneday,Iaskedher,"whydoyoupractisesohard?Youareplayingverywell.""That'sbecauseIwanttoplayinthecitybasketballteam,"shelookedatmeandsaidproudly."Butrmstillnotgoodenough.Imustworkhard."Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage.Anotherday,Isawhercryingonthegrass,insteadofplayingbasketball.Iwalkedacrossthestreetandsatdownbyherside."Whyareyoucrying,girl?"Iasked."ThecoachofthecitybasketballteamtoldmethatIcouldn'tgoonplayingbasketballbecauseIwastooshort."Butsomedayslater,Isawherplayingbasketballagain,practisingevenharderthanbefore.Iwascurious(好奇的)andaskedherthereason."Myfathertoldmeifmydreamisbigenough,nothingcanstopme."Iwasmovedagain.Alice'sschoolwasnotfarawayfromthewriter'shome.ThewriterwastouchedwhenheheardwhatAlicesaidinthethirdparagraph.FromthepassageweknowAlicewasahard-workinggirl.Alice'sfathertoldherthatshewastooshorttogoonplayingbasketball.Alicemightgiveupplayingbasketballaccordingtothelastparagraph.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z【答案】 (1)11100【解析】【分析】本文講述了 Alice因為不能繼續(xù)打籃球，非常難過。(1)推理題。根據(jù)Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse放學后,我在家看她打籃球可知愛麗絲的學校離作家的家不遠故正確。(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage可知當作者聽到愛麗絲所說(1)推理題。根據(jù)Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse放學后,我在家看她打籃球可知愛麗絲的學校離作家的家不遠故正確。(2)細節(jié)題。根據(jù)Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage可知當作者聽到愛麗絲所說的話時，他很感動故正確。推理題。根據(jù)Shepractisedoverandoveragain,sometimesuntilitwasverydark她一遍又一遍地練習，有時直到天黑，可知從文章中我們知道愛麗絲是一個勤奮的女孩故正確。(4)纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù)ThecoachofthecitybasketballteamtoldmethatIcouldn'tgoonplayingbasketballbecauseIwastooshort 教練告訴我，我不能繼續(xù)打籃球，因為我太矮了，可知愛麗絲的父親告訴她，她太矮了，不能繼續(xù)打籃球是錯的 ，故錯誤。(5)推理題。根據(jù)nothingcanstopm 沒有什么能阻止我，可知愛麗絲可能會放棄打籃球是錯的，故錯誤?！军c評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。3?閱讀理解Calabashbrothers（葫蘆娃兄弟）liveintheCalabashMountainwiththeirgrandfather.Theyareallverybrave.Theyweardifferentclothes.Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.Heispowerful.Hisbodycanbebiggerorsmaller.Buthedoesn'thavehisownideas.Theorangecalabashhasenhancedhearingandsight.Hecanseeandhearfarplacesclearly.Theyellowcalabash'sbodyisverystrong.Nothingcaninjure（傷害）him,butheisarrogant（傲慢的）.Thegreencalabashisthegodoffire.Hecaneatfireandmakefire.Thecyan（青色的）calabashcandrinkwaterandmakeflood.Thebluecalabashisthecleverestofall.Nobodycanfindhimwhenhemakeshimselfinvisible.Andthepurplecalabashhasamagicgourd（葫蘆）.Thegourdcanabsorb（吸收）everything.Onedayapangolin（穿山甲）brokethecaveandtwomonsterscameout.TheywereMonsterScorpion（蝎子精）andMonsterSnake.Thecalabashbrothersmustfightwiththemandsavetheworld.Uniuckily,theirgrandfatherwhohelpedthembeatthemonster,waskilledbythemonstersfinally.（1） Howmanycalabashbrothersarethere?Five. B.Six. C.Seven. D.Eight.（2） Whatdoestheredcalabashlooklike?Heispowerful. B.Hehasenhancedeyes.C.Hehastwobigeyes. D.Hehasahardhead.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIfthereisafire,youmayfindthe .redcalabash B.orangecalabash C.greencalabash D.cyancalabashWhatdoestheunderlinedword"invisible"meaninChinese?A.微不足道的 B看不見的 C暴露的 □赤裸的【答案】 (1)CACB【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹了七個葫蘆娃的故事， 分別介紹了他們的顏色與特長。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.提示可知葫蘆兄弟一共七個，故選 Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句Theredcalabashistheothersixbrothers'elderbrother.Heispowerful.Hisbodycanbebiggerorsmaller.提示可知，紅葫蘆娃他很強悍，故選 A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語句Thegreencalabashisthegodoffire.Hecaneatfireandmakefire.提示可知，青葫蘆娃會造火，故選 Co詞義理解推斷題。根據(jù)文中語句Nobodycanfindhimwhenhemakeshimselfinvisible.提示可知，invisible表示看不見，故選B。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細節(jié)題與詞義推斷題。 細節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關鍵詞尋找答案；詞義題需要通讀上下文，了解大意之后找出正確選項。4?閱讀理解InancientChina,awomantoldthebeststories.Shemarriedanemperor（皇帝）.Sadly,oneday,thiswomanbecameillanddied.Everyonethoughttheemperorwouldsoonfindanotherfavouriteamonghiswives,buttheemperorwasverysad.Hespentmoreandmoretimeinhisgarden,andlessandlesstimecaringfortheneedsofhispeople.Everyoneinthekingdomwasworried.Oneday,apriest（牧師）passedwhensomechildrenwereplayingwiththeirdolls.Thedollsmadedancingshadowsonthewall.Thisgavethepriestanidea.Heknewthestoriestheemperor'swifeusedtotell.Whatifhecouldbringthosestoriestolife?Thepriestmadeapuppet（木偶）outofbitsofclay（黏土）.Hepaintedthepuppettolooksomewhatliketheemperor'swife.Whenthepuppetwasfinished,thepriestsilentlywalkedintotheemperor'sgarden,carryinghispuppet,acandleandacurtain.Heplacedthecurtainneartheemperor'schair.Heplacedhiscandie,hispuppetandhimselfbehindthecurtain.Hewaitedfortheemperortoappear.Theemperordidnotevennoticethecurtainatfirst.Thedancingshadowdrewhiseyes.Asthepriestmovedthepuppetbehindthecurtain,hetoldwonderfulstoriesastheemperor'swife.Itseemedasifhiswifehadbeenspendingtimewithhim.TheemperorwasnoIongersad.Attheendofeachbusyday,theemperorwentintohisgardentovisithisshadowwifeandhearherstoriesonceagain.Thatishowshadowpuppetsfirstbegan.Whydideveryoneinthekingdomfeelworried?Becausetheemperorwastoosadtocareabouthiscountry.Becausetheemperorcouldn'thearthestoriesanymore.Becausetheemperor'swifedied.Becausetheemperoralwaysstayedinhisgarden.Howdidthepriestgetagoodidea?A.Fromthecurtain.B.Fromthewall.C.Fromtheshadowofdolls.D.Fromthedance.WhatdidthepriestdotomaketheemperorNOTsad?Heplayedthepuppettodrawtheemperor'sattention.Hetoldthestoriesthattheemperor'swifehadtoldbyplayingthepuppet.Hecouldtellwonderfulstoriesliketheemperor'swife.Hecouldtellmorewonderfulstoriesthantheemperor'swife.WhichofthefollowingisNOTneededtoplayashadowpuppet?A.Thepriest. B.Thecandle. C.Thecurtain. D.Theclay.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z【答案】 (1)ACBD【解析】【分析】本文講述了皮影戲的來歷。推理題。根據(jù)Hespentmoreandmoretimeinhisgarden,andlessandlesstimecaringfortheneedsofhispeople.Everyoneinthekingdomwasworried. 他花越來越多的時間在他的花園里，越來越少的時間照顧他的人民的需要。王國里的每個人都很擔心 可知,王國里的每個人都感到擔心因為皇帝太悲傷了，不關心他的國家 ，故選A。纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù)Oneday,apriest(牧師)passedwhensomechildrenwereplayingwiththeirdolls.Thedollsmadedancingshadowsonthewall.Thisgavethepriestanidea —天，一個牧師過去時，一些孩子正在玩他們的洋娃娃。洋娃娃在墻上畫了跳舞的影子。 這給了牧師一個主意可知， 從玩偶的陰影中神父得到一個好主意 ，故選C。(3)纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù) hetoldwonderfulstoriesastheemperor'swife.TheemperorwasnoIongersad他作為皇帝的妻子講了一些精彩的故事， 皇帝不再悲傷可知，牧師通過扮演木偶而講述了皇帝的妻子讓皇帝不難過 ，故選B。纟田節(jié)題。根據(jù)Whenthepuppetwasfinished,thepriestsilentlywalkedintotheemperor'sgarden,carryinghispuppet,acandleandacurtain 木偶完成后，牧師帶著木偶、蠟燭和窗簾默默地走進皇帝的花園 可知， 玩皮影戲不需要黏土 ，故選D。【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細節(jié)題、推斷題，細節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。5?閱讀理解FormostpeopleintheWest,Valentine'sDay(情人節(jié))endsonFebruary15,buthereinJapanit'snotquiteoveruntilMarch15.March14-exactlyonemonthafterValentine'sDay--isWhiteDayinJapan.ToreallyunderstandwhatWhiteDayisallabout,youhavetounderstandwhatValentine'sDayinJapanislike.JapaneseValentine'sDayisallaboutmengettingpresents.Japanesewomenareusuallytooshytoshowtheirlove,thoughitmightnotbetruetoday.Valentine'sDayisagreatchancetoletwomenshowtheirfeelings.MenshouldreturngiftstowomenonWhiteDay.Onbothdays,chocolateisthegiftofchoice.Moreoften,thecolour