2021高考全國乙卷英語試題

2021年全國乙卷高考英語試題

（河南.山西、江西、安徽、甘肅、青海、內(nèi)蒙古、黑龍江、吉林、寧夏、新疆、陜西）

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorld

PeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,

theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld'sbestknownstadiumandcontinuesto

informcontemporarydesign.Rome'sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating

z

50z000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecitysCircusMaximus,which

accommodatedaround250,000people.

Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan'sdesireforagoodview

andcomfortableseat-tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfans

tendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.

Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistso

far,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfrom

officialstadiumwebsites.

Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworld

sport.

Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May

1,1989.

MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.

BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,

1960.

?OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.

?KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

21.HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?

A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150z000.D.About250,000.

22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?

A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.

23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?

A.Theyhostbiggames.B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.

C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.

B

Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstill

payingforalandline（座機）?

Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesnz

townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryone

canmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter

（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（調(diào)查）.OfthoseAustralianswho

stillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasa

securityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseof

emergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageis

naturallyafactor(因素)—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,

comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswho*veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50

years.Ageisn1ttheonlyfactor;rdsayitsalsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohavea

homephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobe

honesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothe

pointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerID

wouldtakethefunoutofit).

Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlamps

andmorningmilkdeliveries?

24.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?

A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.

C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede"inparagraph3mean?

A.Admit.B.Argue.

C.Remember.D.Remark.

26.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?

A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers'identity.

C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.

27.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?

A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.

B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.

C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.

D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.

C

You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnes

enteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?

ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutof

plasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear;theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse：apairof

10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveral

volunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshopping

centerinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource

（來源）ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneed

themtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Every

strawthat'spartofVonWongzsartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlya

fewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（說明）aspecificstatistic:Every60

seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"Truckloadof

Plastic；VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,which

werethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped（傾倒）fromatruckallatonce.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplastic

footprint.

28.WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

30.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic“haveonviewers?

A.Calming.B.Disturbing.

C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.

31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Artists'OpinionsonPlasticSafety

B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt

C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies

D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures

D

Duringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkabout

often.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（干擾）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,"ThatswhyIhave

amembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.Hiscommentstruck

（布局）.

measstrange.AfterallzcoworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayoutButI

recentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.

Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsof

creativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoise

levelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分貝），70decibels,and85decibels.The

differencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipants

inthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterina

coffeeshop-significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,this

maysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand

85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.

Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevel

ofbackgroundnoise-nottooloudandnottotalsilence-mayactuallyimproveonezs

creativethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsof

thinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.

Thiskindof"distractedfocus“appearstobethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.

Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices；we

can'tstopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers1conversationswhilewe'retryingtofocus.

Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreative

process,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealso

providingfreedomfrominterruptions.

32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?

A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.

C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.

33.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?

A.Totalsilence.B.50decibelsC.70decibels.D.85decibels.

34.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?

A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.

C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion.D.Constantinterruptions.

35.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He'sanewsreporter.

B.He'sanofficemanager.

C.He'saprofessionaldesigner.

D.He'sapublishedwriter.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakeyourself

interestingatadinnerparty.

36,ifyou'reoutofyourcomfortzoneorifyou'rewanderingintosomebody1shouse

forthefirsttime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoods

andtalkingtostrangers.

Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionother

than“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?",you'IIbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationout

ofwhomeveritisyou'retalkingto.37,itcanbringinhavethisoldzbroken-downvehicle”

or"Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback."Itjust

opensupconversation.

38?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox

（講臺）.Ifyou'rethehost,youcanaskthemtohelpyouinthekitchenwithsomethingandjust

removethemfromthesituation.39.

Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller*:awkwardsilence?Ifyou,refacedwithan

awkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogive

thehostacompliment（贊揚）.40.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremely

deliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.”

Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn'tthathard.

A.Howdoyouknowthehost

B.Thefirststepistogoexploring

C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?"

D.Bepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangers

E.Orturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosay

F.Whataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon'tstoptalking

G.Heorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost

第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Simplysayingthankyoudoesnztseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthis

whileworkingasa41justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwould

beifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42ofgratitude（感謝）.

Mythoughtsweresoon43,Wehadawomanpatientwhowas44fromaknee

replacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while45togetintobedshecollapsed（倒下）from

whatwas46discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,47the

emergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though48」andwasready

fordischarge（出院）afterfourweeks.

Shewas49foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherday

ofdischarge,wesharedinher50atherrecovery.Asshewas51shewaseagertosay

52toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe53onenurse；shetriedtopressa

five-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague54toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust

55ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen56:"Ohthisisn'tforthe57Ihad.I

takethatasa58.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday/1

Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,59livesispartofthejobstylinghairisan60

andshouldberewarded.

41.A.cleanerB.chemistC.nurseD.doctor

42.A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations

43.A.brushedasideB.puttothetest

C.broughtunderdiscussionD.takenintoaccount

44.A.departingB.escapingC.retiringD.recovering

45.A.attemptingB.choosingC.pausingD.promising

46.A.eventuallyBfortunatelyC.casuallyD.secretly

47.A.assessingB.requiringC.formingD.proving

48.A.slightlyB.accidentallyC.slowlyD.happily

49.A.gratefulB.thoughtfulC.sorrowfulD.fearful

50.A.surpriseB.delightC.curiosityD.disappointment

51.A.operatingB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving

52.A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.yes

53A.reachedB.consultedC.introducedD.persuaded

54.A.wishedB.pretendedC.failedD.refused

55.A.enjoyingB.doingC.securingD.starting

56.A.repeatedB.recitedC.repliedD.reported

57.A.courageB.patienceC.dutyD.care

58.A.goalB.givenC.pushD.greeting

59.A.riskingB.changingC.savingD.building

60.A.honourB.abilityC.openingD.extra

第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影響)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itis

differentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome61(educate)

abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics；and

oftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe62(develop)ofthelocalareas.

Ecotourismhas63(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnot

widelyacceptedasatravelconcept64thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasing

environmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.

Dueto65growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,various

types66tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmust

meett