網(wǎng)絡(luò)初級(jí)培訓(xùn)01路由器ios基礎(chǔ)

路由器基礎(chǔ)第一章路由器基礎(chǔ)第一章(續(xù))完成本章的學(xué)習(xí)后,您可以完成下面的任務(wù):登錄路由器利用上下文幫助功能完成一個(gè)命令的書寫編輯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的命令檢查路由器狀態(tài)目標(biāo)啟動(dòng)路由器路由器的外部配置資源配置文件可以有多種來源Console

端口Auxiliary

端口其它端口虛終端VTY

0

4TFTP

Server網(wǎng)管工作站ConsoleAuxiliaryInterfacesRAMNVRAMFlashROM路由器的內(nèi)部硬件組成ConsoleAuxiliaryInterfacesRAMNVRAMFlashROM路由器的內(nèi)部硬件組成(續(xù))系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)一覽系統(tǒng)軟件啟動(dòng)系統(tǒng)提供冗余的啟動(dòng)軟件檢查硬件尋找并下載Cisco

IOS映像文件尋找并應(yīng)用路由器的配置文件初始化一個(gè)路由器POSTRun

RXBootImageCheckConfigRegEnter

ROMMonitor

ModeLoad

IOSSubsetLoad

fromTFTP

ServerLoad

IOSLoad

IOSSubsetLoad

fromROMLoad

fromFlashReadNVRAM初始化一個(gè)路由器(續(xù))Can

Ifind

it?Isthere

aconfigurationfile?YesNoTFTPServerYesWhere

isit?LoadconfigurationfileNVRAMLoad

alternateconfigurationfileRunAutoInstallNoSetupMode路由器的各種操作模式Privileged

EXEC

ModeDetailed

examination

of

router.Debugging

and

testing.

Filemanipulation.

Remote

access.Router#User

EXEC

ModeLimited

examination

ofrouter.

Remote

access.Router>用戶EXEC

模式只能對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行有限的操作,遠(yuǎn)程訪問也采用此模式Router>特權(quán)EXEC

模式可對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行各種操作,高級(jí)遠(yuǎn)程用戶也可進(jìn)入此模式Router#ROM

Monitor

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有操作系統(tǒng)或者啟動(dòng)過程被中斷時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)入此模式>

or

rommon>Setup

模式一種一問一答方式的初始配置模式RXBoot

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有IOS時(shí),利用ROM中的IOS子集啟動(dòng)所進(jìn)入的界面Router<boot>全局配置模式系統(tǒng)整體參數(shù)的配置模式Router(config)#其它配置模式其它子配置模式Router(config

-

mode)#路由器的各種操作模式(續(xù))Privileged

EXEC

ModeDetailed

examination

of

router.Debugging

and

testing.

Filemanipulation.

Remote

access.Router#User

EXEC

ModeLimited

examination

ofrouter.

Remote

access.Router>用戶EXEC

模式只能對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行有限的操作,遠(yuǎn)程訪問也采用此模式Router>特權(quán)EXEC

模式可對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行各種操作,高級(jí)遠(yuǎn)程用戶也可進(jìn)入此模式Router#ROM

Monitor

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有操作系統(tǒng)或者啟動(dòng)過程被中斷時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)入此模式>

or

rommon>Setup

模式一種一問一答方式的初始配置模式RXBoot

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有IOS時(shí),利用ROM中的IOS子集啟動(dòng)所進(jìn)入的界面Router<boot>全局配置模式系統(tǒng)整體參數(shù)的配置模式Router(config)#其它配置模式其它子配置模式Router(config

-

mode)#路由器的各種操作模式(續(xù))Privileged

EXEC

ModeDetailed

examination

of

router.Debugging

and

testing.

Filemanipulation.

Remote

access.Router#User

EXEC

ModeLimited

examination

ofrouter.

Remote

access.Router>用戶EXEC

模式只能對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行有限的操作,遠(yuǎn)程訪問也采用此模式Router>特權(quán)EXEC

模式可對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行各種操作,高級(jí)遠(yuǎn)程用戶也可進(jìn)入此模式Router#ROM

Monitor

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有操作系統(tǒng)或者啟動(dòng)過程被中斷時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)入此模式>

or

rommon>Setup

模式一種一問一答方式的初始配置模式RXBoot

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有IOS時(shí),利用ROM中的IOS子集啟動(dòng)所進(jìn)入的界面Router<boot>全局配置模式系統(tǒng)整體參數(shù)的配置模式Router(config)#其它配置模式其它子配置模式Router(config

-

mode)#路由器的各種操作模式(續(xù))Privileged

EXEC

ModeDetailed

examination

of

router.Debugging

and

testing.

Filemanipulation.

Remote

access.Router#User

EXEC

ModeLimited

examination

ofrouter.

Remote

access.Router>用戶EXEC

模式只能對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行有限的操作,遠(yuǎn)程訪問也采用此模式Router>特權(quán)EXEC

模式可對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行各種操作,高級(jí)遠(yuǎn)程用戶也可進(jìn)入此模式Router#ROM

Monitor

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有操作系統(tǒng)或者啟動(dòng)過程被中斷時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)入此模式>

or

rommon>Setup

模式一種一問一答方式的初始配置模式RXBoot

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有IOS時(shí),利用ROM中的IOS子集啟動(dòng)所進(jìn)入的界面Router<boot>全局配置模式系統(tǒng)整體參數(shù)的配置模式Router(config)#其它配置模式其它子配置模式Router(config

-

mode)#路由器的各種操作模式(續(xù))Privileged

EXEC

ModeDetailed

examination

of

router.Debugging

and

testing.

Filemanipulation.

Remote

access.Router#User

EXEC

ModeLimited

examination

ofrouter.

Remote

access.Router>用戶EXEC

模式只能對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行有限的操作,遠(yuǎn)程訪問也采用此模式Router>特權(quán)EXEC

模式可對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行各種操作,高級(jí)遠(yuǎn)程用戶也可進(jìn)入此模式Router#ROM

Monitor

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有操作系統(tǒng)或者啟動(dòng)過程被中斷時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)入此模式>

or

rommon>Setup

模式一種一問一答方式的初始配置模式RXBoot

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有IOS時(shí),利用ROM中的IOS子集啟動(dòng)所進(jìn)入的界面Router<boot>全局配置模式系統(tǒng)整體參數(shù)的配置模式Router(config)#其它配置模式其它子配置模式Router(config

-

mode)#路由器的各種操作模式(續(xù))Privileged

EXEC

ModeDetailed

examination

of

router.Debugging

and

testing.

Filemanipulation.

Remote

access.Router#User

EXEC

ModeLimited

examination

ofrouter.

Remote

access.Router>用戶EXEC

模式只能對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行有限的操作,遠(yuǎn)程訪問也采用此模式Router>特權(quán)EXEC

模式可對(duì)路由器進(jìn)行各種操作,高級(jí)遠(yuǎn)程用戶也可進(jìn)入此模式Router#ROM

Monitor

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有操作系統(tǒng)或者啟動(dòng)過程被中斷時(shí)會(huì)進(jìn)入此模式>

or

rommon>Setup

模式一種一問一答方式的初始配置模式RXBoot

模式當(dāng)flash中沒有IOS時(shí),利用ROM中的IOS子集啟動(dòng)所進(jìn)入的界面Router<boot>全局配置模式系統(tǒng)整體參數(shù)的配置模式Router(config)#其它配置模式其它子配置模式Router(config

-

mode)#路由器的用戶界面用戶界面一覽用戶模式只能看的模式特權(quán)模式可進(jìn)入命令配置界面如何登錄到路由器內(nèi)部Router>Router>enablePassword:Router#Router#exitRouter>Router>logoutConsoleRouter

con0

is

now

availablePress

RETURN

to

get

started.用戶模式提示符特權(quán)模式提示符密碼的作用ConsoleRouter

con0

is

now

availablePress

RETURN

to

get

started.User

Access

VerificationPassword:Router>Router>enablePassword:Router>?Exec

commands:access-enableatmsigcdclearconnectdirdisabledisconnectenableexithelplatlockloginlogoutmrinfoCreate

a

temporary

Access-List

entryExecute

Atm

Signalling

CommandsChange

current

deviceReset

functionsOpen

a

terminal

connectionList

files

on

given

deviceTurn

off

privileged

commandsDisconnect

an

existing

network

connectionTurn

on

privileged

commandsExit

from

the

EXECDescription

of

the

interactive

help

systemOpen

a

lat

connectionLock

the

terminalLog

in

as

a

particular

userExit

from

the

EXECRequest

neighbor

and

version

information

from

amulticast

router--

More

--用戶模式下可以使用的命令Create

a

temporary

Access-List

entryCreate

a

temporary

Access-List

entryFor

manual

emergency

modes

settingReset

functionsManage

the

system

clockEnter

configuration

modeOpen

a

terminal

connectionCopy

configuration

or

image

dataDebugging

functions

(see

also

'undebug')Turn

off

privileged

commandsDisconnect

an

existing

network

connectionTurn

on

privileged

commandsErase

flash

or

configuration

memoryExit

from

the

EXECDescription

of

the

interactive

help

systemOpen

a

lat

connectionLock

the

terminalLog

in

as

a

particular

userExit

from

the

EXECTrace

multicast

route

down

tree

branchRouter#?Exec

commands:access-enableaccess-templatebfeclearclockconfigureconnectcopydebugdisabledisconnectenableeraseexithelplatlockloginlogoutmbranch--More--特權(quán)模式下可以使用的命令Router#clokTranslating

"clo"...domain

server

(55)%

Unknown

command

or

computer

name,

or

unable

to

findcomputeraddressRouter#cl?clear

clockRouter#clock

set

19:56:00% plete

command.Router#clock

set

19:56:00

?<1-31> Day

of

the

monthMONTH Month

of

the

yearRouter#clock

set

19:56:00

04

8.

^%

Invalid

input

detected

at

the

'^'

markerRouter#clock

set

19:56:00

04

August% plete

command.Router#clock

set

19:56:00

04

August

?Router#clock% plete

command.Router#clock

?set Set

the

time

and

dateRouter#clock

set% plete

command.Router#clock

set

?Current

Time

(hh:mm:ss)<1993-2035>Year上下文幫助功能符號(hào)翻譯可簡(jiǎn)寫關(guān)鍵字記憶使用過的命令<Ctrl><P>命令提示功能語法檢查功能Router>$

value

for

customers,

employees,

and

partners.<Ctrl><A><Ctrl><E><Esc><B><Ctrl><F><Ctrl><B><Esc><F>Automatic

scrolling

of

long

lines.Move

to

the

beginning

of

the

command

line.Move

to

the

end

of

the

command

line.Move

to

the

beginning

of

the

previous

word.Move

forward

one

character.Move

back

one

character.Move

forward

one

word.IOS提供的其它編輯功能<Ctrl><P>or

Up

arrowLast

(previous)

command

recall<Ctrl><N

>or

Down

arrowMore

recent

command

recall<Tab>Entry

completion歷史命令的記憶功能Router#show

historyshow

historyenableterminal

history

size

10terminal

no

editingterminal

editingshow

historyRouter#檢查路由器狀態(tài)察看路由器狀態(tài)的命令RAMInternetwork

Operating

SystemProgramsTablesandBuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupConfigurationFileOperatingSystemsInterfacesRouter#show

interfacesRouter#showmemRouter#show

iprouteRouter#show

flashRouter#show

startup-configRouter#show

running-configRouter#show

processes

CPURouter#show

protocolsRouter#show

versionRouter#show

versionIOS

(tm)

2500

Software

(C2500-JS-L),

Version

11.2

(6),

RELEASE

SOFTWARE

(fc1)Copyright

(c)

1986-1997

by

cisco

Systems,

Inc.Compiled

Tue

06-May-97

16:17

by

kuongImage

text-base:

0x0303ED8C,

data-base:

0x00001000ROM:

System

Bootstrap,

Version

5.2(8a),

RELEASE

SOFTWAREROM:

2500-XBOOT

Bootstrap

Software,

Version

10.1(1),

RELEASE

SOFTWARE

(fc1)router

uptime

is

1

week,

3

days,

32

minutesSystem

restarted

by

reloadSystem

image

file

is

"c2500-js-l",

booted

via

tftp

from

29--More--show

version

命令Using

1108

out

of

130048

bytesRouter#show

startup-config!version

11.2!hostname

router--

More

--show

startup-config

命令和showrunning-config

命令10.2及以前版本使用Usewrite

terminal命令10.2

以后版本使用showconfig命令Building

configuration...Router#show

running-configCurrent

configuration:!version

11.2!--

More

--Router#show

interfacesSerial0

is

up,

line

protocol

is

upHardware

is

MK5025Internet

address

is

29,

subnet

mask

is

28MTU

1500

bytes,

BW

56

Kbit,

DLY

20000

usec,

rely

255/255,

load

9/255Encapsulation

HDLC,

loopback

not

set,

keepalive

set

(10

sec)Last

input

0:00:00,

output

0:00:01,

output

hang

neverLast

clearing

of

"show

interface"

counters

neverOutput

queue

0/40,

0

drops;

input

queue

0/75,

0

dropsFive

minute

input

rate

1000

bits/sec,

0

packets/secFive

minute

output

rate

2000

bits/sec,

0

packets/sec331885

packets

input,