todo公開(kāi)課教學(xué)講解課件

Martysays…2.ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker.HaveALk

Unfortunately,thedoctorsdon’tknowhowtomakemebetter,butIamveryoutgoingandhavelearnedtoadaptto

mydisability.3.Evenafterallthat,noonecouldgivemydiseaseanameanditisdifficulttoknowwhatthefutureholds.4.Sometimes,too,Iwastooweaktogotoschoolsomyeducationsuffered.5.Myambitionistowork

forafirm

thatdevelopscomputersoftwarewhenIgrow

up.HaveALkMartysays…6.Justacceptthemforwhotheyare,andgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo.Unit1RevisetheInfinitive

Grammar復(fù)習(xí)不定式不定式由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,其否定形式是“not/nevertodo”,不定式可以帶賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ),沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化,但有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化,不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。不定式動(dòng)詞不定式的作用

FunctionsofInfinitive

1主語(yǔ)(subject)

2表語(yǔ)(predicative)

3賓語(yǔ)(object)

4賓補(bǔ)(objectcomplement)

5定語(yǔ)(attribute)

6狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)

7.獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(absoluteconstruction)

1不定式作主語(yǔ)(subject)Tokeepsmiling

ishealthyforyou.Itisimportanttolookupthenewwordsinthedictionary

whenyoustudyEnglish.Myjobtoprotecttheworld.is2不定式作表語(yǔ)(predicative)表示主語(yǔ)的職業(yè)，職責(zé)或性質(zhì)。

1.不定式常用在系動(dòng)詞be,seem,appear,get,remain等后作表語(yǔ)。2.主語(yǔ)通常是:aim,purpose,idea,intention,plan,wish,decision,promise,ambition,dream,task等1.Thefarmertoldmethathisdreamwas_______________tosingasongattheCCTVSpringFestivalEveningShow.(invite)

那位農(nóng)民告訴我，他的夢(mèng)想是受邀上中央電視臺(tái)春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)唱一首歌。2.Itisimpossibleformyquestion___________________inhisabsence.(answer)

他不在，我這個(gè)問(wèn)題不可能得到答復(fù)。3.Theroomswereinatotalmesswhenwecamebackfromwork—thehouseseemed_________________________.(break)

當(dāng)我們下班回到家時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)屋子里一片狼藉——好像被闖進(jìn)來(lái)過(guò)。tobeinvitedtobeansweredtohavebeenbrokenintoYaoMinglikestoplay

basketball.Ifinditstillnecessary(forhim)toworkhardifhewantstowin.

3不定式作賓語(yǔ)(object)句型：think/consider/find/feel/believeit+adj.+todo(1)常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：agree,afford,appear,attempt,want,wish,happen,choose,arrange,decide,demand,hope,deserve,determine,expect,fail,plan,hesitate,intend,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,tend,

threaten等(2)wonder,want,hope,wish,decide,promise,agree等后還可跟WHtodo結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)1.Manyinternationalorganizationspromised______________________helptorescuethetrappedpeople.(spare)很多國(guó)際組織承諾將不遺余力去幫助營(yíng)救那些被困人員。2.Jennyhappened_________________myphonenumberinthedirectorywhenIdroppedinatherhouse.(look)

當(dāng)我順便去Jenny家串門(mén)時(shí)，她正巧在電話(huà)簿上查我的號(hào)碼。

3.Johnfound______________________goingtobedlate,foritwasharmfultohishealth.(cut)約翰發(fā)現(xiàn)有必要改掉晚睡的習(xí)慣，因?yàn)檫@對(duì)他的身體有害。4.Sorry,Ihavenoidea_________________theproblem.(do)

抱歉，我不知道如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。tosparenoefforttotobelookingupitnecessarytocutoutwhattodowith4不定式作賓補(bǔ)(objectcomplement)Mymumasksmetoplaythepiano

twohourseveryday.1.常跟sbtodo的動(dòng)詞：ask,advise,allow,beg,want,warn,wish,tell,teach,require,permit,forbid,get,invite,force,encourage,cause,persuade,order等。2.感官動(dòng)詞，使役動(dòng)詞sbdo的被動(dòng)情況：eg.seesbdomakesbdoTheysawtheboyfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.sb.beseentodosb.bemadetodo3不定式用在介詞but,except,besides等后時(shí),如果這些介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式,那么介詞后的不定式不帶to,相反則帶to。1.Shecoulddonothingbutcry.2.Ihavenochoicebuttogo.sb/sth.isreported/said/thought/considered/believed/known...todo及其變式

1.EveryyearonemilliontouristsvisitStonehenge,whichisbelieved__________________________beforethePyramids,about4000yearsago.(construct)

每年大約有一百萬(wàn)游客參觀巨石陣，據(jù)說(shuō)它是在4000年以前被修建，早于埃及的金字塔。2.Thenewlybuilthospitalisreported______________________________thelatestinstrumentsmadeintheUSA.(equip)

據(jù)報(bào)道新建的醫(yī)院已配備了美國(guó)生產(chǎn)的最新設(shè)備。3.Severalnewsubwaylinesarereported_______________inWuhan,whichwillmakeitmoreconvenientforpeopletogoouting(build).

據(jù)報(bào)道武漢將建幾條新的地鐵線(xiàn)路。這讓人們的出行更方便。tohavebeenconstructedtohavebeenequippedwithtobebuilt4.Themanagerissaid__________________Tom’sworkingoutthemarketingplan.(approve)

據(jù)說(shuō)經(jīng)理已經(jīng)同意讓湯姆擬定這個(gè)市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)方案。5.Timewasup.Ihadnochoice_______________theexampaperstotheteacher.(hand)

時(shí)間到了。我別無(wú)選擇只好把試卷交給了老師。6.Hewarnsmeagainandagain_____________theprotection

ofeyesight.(ignore)他反復(fù)警告我不要忽視對(duì)視力的保護(hù)。

tohaveapprovedofbuttohandinnottoignore5不定式作定語(yǔ)(attribute)Kateislookingforasuitablecoattowear.Tomhasanicepentowritewith.1.不定式做定語(yǔ)時(shí)常放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，不定代詞常用不定式做后置定語(yǔ)(a)Shewasverybusyandhadnotime

tovisitherfriends.

(b)

Ladiesandgentlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.不定式作定語(yǔ)2.當(dāng)名詞被thefirst,thelast,theonly等詞以及形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)

eg:

Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.

4.如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,則后面需適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。

Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite____.on3.也可用在have…todo和therebe

句型中。

Thereisnoonetotakecareofher.Ihavenojewelrytowear.Thebestway____________istodevelophealthyeatinghabits.(fit)保持健康的最佳辦法是養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。

Youwillhave______________________aslongasyouworkhardnow.(worry)

現(xiàn)在只要你努力，將來(lái)沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的。3.Weareinvitedtoaparty_______________________________________inourclubnextFriday.(hold)

我們收到去參加下周五我們俱樂(lè)部要舉行的聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。tokeepfitnothingtoworryaboutwhichwillbeheld/whichistobeheld/tobeheldeg:Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Hespokeslowlyandclearlytomakehimselfunderstood.1.

表示目的:toinordertosoasto

6不定式作狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)2.

表示原因:

不定式可以用在作表語(yǔ)的形容詞

sorry,surprised,happy,glad,eager,angry,foolish,right,wrong,slow,quick,rude,cruel,disappointed等后作狀語(yǔ)。eg:I’mglad/pleasedtoseeyou.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.so+adj./adv.+astodo…such+adj.+n.+astodo…adj./adv.+enough+todotoo+adv./adj.+todoHewassofoolishastobelieveit.=Hewassuchafoolastobelieveit.=Hewasfoolishenoughtobelieveit.Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.3.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ):AlfonsoCuaronisveryproud_____________theawardofBestDirectorwithhisnewfilmGravityinthe86thAnnualAcademyAwardsinMarch,2014.(win)阿方索卡隆非常驕傲，他于今年三月憑借電影《地心引力》獲得了第86屆奧斯卡年度頒獎(jiǎng)禮的最佳導(dǎo)演獎(jiǎng)。2.Hehurriedtotheairporttomeethisfavoritefilmstar,only_________________thatshehadleft.(inform)

他匆忙趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)去見(jiàn)他最喜愛(ài)的電影明星,結(jié)果被告知她已走了。3.Teachersusuallytrywhatevertheycan_________________whattheysay.(convince)老師們常盡其所能使我們相信他們所言。

tohavewontobeinformedtoconvinceusofTotellthetruth,Iamnothappyatthemoment.tobefrank,tobehonest,totellthetruthtobegin/startwithtoputitbriefly7

獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(absoluteconstruction)

動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone(1)Theypretendednottoseeus.(2)Hepretendedtobesleeping.(3)Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore.(一般式表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)/幾乎/發(fā)生在它之后。)(在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的同時(shí),不定式的動(dòng)作也正在進(jìn)行。)(完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。)(4)We’rehappytohavebeenworkingwith

you.

(完成進(jìn)行式表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前,不定式的動(dòng)作一直在進(jìn)行而且可能之后也繼續(xù)。)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)

不定式的一般式todo

Iamgladtoseeyou.Hehasdecidedtogivehersomemoney.

表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。不定式的進(jìn)行式tobedoingIamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.Hepretendedtobeworkinghardwhenhisbosspassedhim.表示的動(dòng)作通常與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。不定式的完成式tohavedoneHehappenedtohaveseenthefilmbefore.ThenovelisbelievedtohavebeentranslatedintoChinese.不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)之前。Hewantedtohavemetyouattheairport,buthedidn’tgetthereintime.表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)的期待或者計(jì)劃hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planned…不定式的完成式tohavedoneHewouldliketohaveplayedtheviolinattheconcert.不定式的完成式在wouldlike后邊表示未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。

不定式的語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)todo被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)tobedoneItisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Everyonelikestheherotobepraised.

Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Theproblemisdifficulttodealwith.1.主語(yǔ)＋be+adj.+todo能用于此句型的形容詞有:difficult,easy,comfortable,fit,hard,pleasant,tiresome(使人疲勞的),interesting,nice,heavy,dangerous,light,important,etc.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的不定式Theboxislightenoughtocarry.Theriverwateriswarmenoughtoswimin.2.主語(yǔ)+be+adj.+enough+todo

Thebooksseemedtooheavytocarry.Theiceistoothintoskateon.3.主語(yǔ)+be+too+adj.+todo4我想叫人立刻修理這輛自行車(chē)。Iwantthisbike___________________________________.5瑪利仿佛已經(jīng)被告知此事了。Maryseemed______________________.6眾所周知，奧運(yùn)會(huì)上他被授予了一枚金牌。Heisknown_________________agoldmedalattheOlympics.toberepairedatoncetohavebeentoldaboutittohavebeengiven/immediatelyPracticemakesperfect1.Whenyouarefinishedwiththeelectriciron,don’tforget_______________.(turn)

當(dāng)你用完電熨斗，不要忘了關(guān)掉它。

2.Herfathergaveheradviceon___________________thatsheshoulduseitasmuchaspossible.(learn)

他爸爸在如何學(xué)英語(yǔ)上給她的建議是：盡可能地多用英語(yǔ)。

3.Weregret__________________thatwehavenopositionsforsomeoneofyourexcellentqualifications.(inform)我們很遺憾地通知你，我們沒(méi)有適合你這種有杰出資歷的人的職位。

4.Themessageisveryimportant,soitissupposed_________________assoonaspossible.(send)

這個(gè)消息非常重要，所以它應(yīng)該盡快傳達(dá)。

5.Marywasafraidofdogs,sosheshutthedoor__________________．(keep)

瑪麗怕狗，所以她關(guān)上門(mén)不讓它們進(jìn)來(lái)。toturnitoffhowtolearnEnglishtoinfromyoutobesenttokeepthemout6.Thechildrenwerelucky__________________________whichdestroyedtheirhome.(survive)

孩子很幸運(yùn)地從摧毀他們家園的地震中生還。

7.Thegreenhouseissaid___________________________water-savingsystemsrecently.(equip)

據(jù)說(shuō)溫室最近裝上了節(jié)水系統(tǒng)。

8.Thebridge_______________nextspringwilljointhatislandtotheircity.(build)

明年春天要修建的這座橋?qū)?huì)把那個(gè)島嶼和他們的城市連接在一起。

9.It____________________whetherhewillappearattheparty.(remain)

現(xiàn)在仍然不知道他是否會(huì)在派對(duì)上出現(xiàn)。

10.Heiswondering____________________________toraisethetemperatureofoilby10℃.(take)

他想知道把油溫提高10攝氏度會(huì)需要多少能量。tosurvive