新教材高中英語Unit3Warandpeace預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道2學(xué)案外研版選擇性

Unit3WarandpeaceⅠ.匹配詞義a．給下列單詞選擇正確的漢語意思。()1.disarm A．a(chǎn)dj.簡單的；粗糙的()2.intellectual B．a(chǎn)dj.智力的，腦力的()3.rough C．v.解除武裝()4.dire D．a(chǎn)dj.著名的，杰出的()5.prominent E．a(chǎn)dj.極其嚴(yán)重的[答案]1－5CBAEDb．給下列短語選擇正確的漢語意思。()1.onstandby A．照亮()2.lightup B．待命()3.holddown C．逃避某人的責(zé)任()4.atwar D．處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)()5.shirkone'sduty E．控制，固定[答案]1－5BAEDCⅡ.默寫單詞1．bombv. 轟炸2．emergev. 出現(xiàn)3．representativen. 代表4．sumn. 金額，款項(xiàng)5．relevantadj. 有關(guān)的，切題的6．stabilityn. 穩(wěn)固，穩(wěn)定7.academicadj. 學(xué)術(shù)的8．a(chǎn)nniversaryn. 周年紀(jì)念日9．uniformn. 制服10．frictionn. 沖突，摩擦Ⅰ.語境填空breeze;bomb;glory;academic;friction;intellectual;uniform;anniversary;emerge;sum1．ThestudentswillreturninOctoberforthestartofthenewacademicyear.2．TheEuropeanofficialthinksit'snotagoodideatobombIran.3．TheSocietyiscelebratingitstenthanniversarythisyear.4．Worsestill，dirtycircumstanceswillcreateopportunitiesfornewdiseasestoemerge．5．Highlevelsofleadcoulddamagetheintellectualdevelopmentofchildren.6．Walshamhadhismomentofglorywhenhewona20-kmrace.7．Thestrongwindsofspringhaddroppedtoagentlebreeze．8．Sarasensedthattherehadbeenfrictionbetweenherchildren.9．Dressedinawhiteuniform，helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.10．Ifyoudoit,youwillbefinedthesumof$200.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．Herdedication(dedicate)constantlyastonishesme.2．Iftwocompaniesareassociated(associate)，theirbusinesswillgetbetter.3．Philadelphiahasbeenagreatrepresentative(represent)ofAmericanarchitecturesincethe18thcentury.4．InChina，sinceancienttimes，watchingandenjoyingtheglorious(glory)fullmoonontheMid-AutumnFestivalhasbeenofgreatimportance.5．Thissortofactivitydamagesthereputationofthecollective(collect)．6．Emergency(emerge)lineoperatorsmustalwaysstaycalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.1．Throughouthistory，thegreatthinkersoftheworldhaveoftenratherromanticallyreferredtotheiracademicstrugglesasbeinglike“war”．縱觀歷史，世界上偉大的思想家們常常把他們的學(xué)術(shù)斗爭浪漫地稱為“戰(zhàn)爭”。2．Tosavetheireducationalandintellectualheritage，thethreeuniversitiesjoinedtogetherinKunmingasNationalSouthwestAssociatedUniversity，otherwiseknownasLianda.為了保護(hù)教育和知識遺產(chǎn)，這三所大學(xué)在昆明聯(lián)合成立了國立西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)，也被稱為聯(lián)大。3．Theirbedwasthedustyroadandtheirroofwastheopensky，oftenlitupbyexplodingJapanesebombs.他們的床是塵土飛揚(yáng)的道路；他們的屋頂是空曠的天空，經(jīng)常被日軍的炸彈照亮。4．Theyhadtoliveinroughbuildings，packed40toaroom，likesardines.他們不得不住在簡陋的房子里，40個(gè)人像沙丁魚那樣擠在一個(gè)房間里。5．“Onwindydays，wehadtoholddownthepaperonthedesk，whichwouldotherwisebeblownaway，”hesaid.“在刮風(fēng)天，我們得按住書桌上的紙，要不紙就會(huì)被風(fēng)吹跑。”他說。名師圈點(diǎn)①referto...as...把……稱作……②purelyadv.完全地，純粹地③symbolicadj.象征性的④immenseadj.巨大的⑤aggressionn.侵略⑥occupyv．占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)⑦intellectualadj.智力的，腦力的，知識的⑧heritagen．遺產(chǎn)⑨associatedadj.聯(lián)合的⑩epicadj.史詩般的?conditionn．條件，狀況?remoteadj.偏遠(yuǎn)的?roughadj.簡單的；粗糙的?direadj.極其嚴(yán)重的?disruptv．?dāng)_亂?dueto由于?guardv．保護(hù)?fortifyv．激勵(lì)，加強(qiáng)?passionn．激情?emergev．出現(xiàn)eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))laythefoundationfor為……奠定基礎(chǔ)eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))holddown按壓，壓住eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))shirkv．逃避eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))senseofcommitment奉獻(xiàn)精神eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))agreatmany許多，大量eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))resistv．抵制，抵抗eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))invadern．侵略者；侵略軍eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))physicallyadv.實(shí)物地，有形地eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))prominentadj.著名的，杰出的eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))perseverancen．毅力，不屈不撓的精神eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))dedicationn．奉獻(xiàn)eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))anniversaryn．周年紀(jì)念日eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))collectiveadj.集體的；共同的eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))eran．時(shí)代，年代原文呈現(xiàn)LIANDA：APLACEOFPASSION,BELIEFANDCOMMITMENTThroughouthistory,thegreatthinkersoftheworldhaveoftenratherromanticallyreferredtotheiracademicstrugglesas①beinglike“war”．However,formostofthem,the“war”hasbeenpurely②symbolic③.Realwarisneverromanticasitbringssufferingandimmense④challenges．[1]In1937,theaggression⑤oftheJapanesearmybroughtdisastertoChina'sthreegreatuniversities:PekingUniversityandTsinghuaUniversitywereoccupied⑥byJapanesetroops,whileNankaiUniversitywascompletelydestroyedbybombing.Tosavetheireducationalandintellectual⑦h(yuǎn)eritage⑧，thethreeuniversitiesjoinedtogetherinKunmingasNationalSouthwestAssociated⑨University,otherwiseknownasLianda.[1]本句為主從復(fù)合句，as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。Professorsandstudentsalikeinthethreeuniversitiesmadeanepic⑩?werelittlebetteroncetheyreachedtheremote?andmountainoussouth-westpartofChina.Theyhadtoliveinrough?buildings,packed40toaroom,likesardines.Thereweredire?shortagesoffood,books,andequipment.Furthermore,classeswerefrequentlydisrupted?dueto?fierceairattacksandoftenhadtobeheldbefore10amandafter4pm.However,despitetheimmensehardshipsandthedauntingchallenges,itwasrightinthisplace,overaperiodofeightlongyears,thatthenation'sintellectualheritagewasnotonlyguarded?butfortified?bythepassion?andbeliefoftheworthyacademicsofLianda．[2]Itisnowonderthatmany,ifnotmost,ofChina'sleadingscholarsandscientistsemerged?atLianda,includingthetwoNobelPrize-winningphysicists,YangZhenningandLiZhengdao.[3]“Liandalaidthefoundationfor?everyachievementIhavemade，”Yangrecalled.Hestillrememberslearninginatemporaryclassroomthathadnoglassinthewindows.“Onwindydays,wehadtoholddown?thepaperonthedesk,whichwouldotherwisebeblownaway，”hesaid.[2]本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，notonly...but(also)...連接并列的謂語。[3]本句為主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)主語從句，it作形式主語。Withthecountryatwar,studentsatLiandawerenotgoingtoshirk?theirduty.Drivenbyasenseofcommitment?,agreatmany?joinedthearmytoresist?theJapaneseinvaders?anddefendthehonourofthenation．[4]Infact,Liandaprovidedthelargestnumberofstudent-soldiersfromanycampusinChina.OfthethousandsofcollegestudentsfromalloverChinawhoservedasinterpreters,onetenthwerefromLianda,includingthewell-knowntranslatorsZhaLiangzhengandXuYuanchong.Zhalaterdepictedthecontributionsofhispeersinapoem：Softly,onthehillsideforgottenbyall，Amistyrainfallsinagentlebreeze；Thereisnotraceofthefootprintsofhistory；Wherebravesoulsoncestood,breathingnewlifeintothetrees.Aproductofthewar,Liandaisnowphysically?gone.ButithasbecomethecrowninggloryofChina'smodernuniversities,notonlybecauseofitsprominent?professorsandtalentedstudents,butalsobecauseoftheschool'sstrongspiritofperseverance?anddedication?.In2017,representativesfromPekingUniversity,TsinghuaUniversity,NankaiUniversityandYunnanNormalUniversitygatheredtocommemoratethe80thanniversary?ofitsfounding.Morethaneightyyearson,thepricelesscontributionofLiandastillneedstobereaffirmed.Ithasbecomepartofthecollective?memoryoftheChinesenation,withitsspiritastheblueprintforalluniversitiesinChinainthemodernera?.[4]Drivenbyasenseofcommitment為過去分詞短語作狀語；toresisttheJapaneseinvadersanddefendthehonourofthenation為動(dòng)詞不定式短語作目的狀語。譯文參考聯(lián)大：一個(gè)充滿熱情、信念和奉獻(xiàn)的地方縱觀歷史，世界上偉大的思想家們常常把他們的學(xué)術(shù)斗爭浪漫地稱為“戰(zhàn)爭”。然而，對他們中的大多數(shù)人來說，“戰(zhàn)爭”一詞純粹是象征性的。真正的戰(zhàn)爭從來不是浪漫的，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)帶來痛苦和巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。1937年，日軍的侵略給中國三所著名大學(xué)帶來了災(zāi)難：北京大學(xué)和清華大學(xué)被日本軍隊(duì)占領(lǐng)，南開大學(xué)被徹底炸毀。為了保護(hù)教育和知識遺產(chǎn)，這三所大