約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封介紹分解課件

約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用機(jī)械密封概述:定義:機(jī)械密封(端面密封)--由至少一對(duì)垂直于軸線的端面在流體壓力和補(bǔ)賞機(jī)構(gòu)彈力(或磁力)的作用下以及輔助密封的配合下,保持貼合并相對(duì)滑動(dòng)而構(gòu)成防止流體泄漏的裝置.基本結(jié)構(gòu):端面密封磨擦付緩沖補(bǔ)賞和壓緊機(jī)構(gòu)輔助密封(二級(jí)密封撓性元件)傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)基本密封點(diǎn):端面主密封點(diǎn)靜環(huán)與端蓋輔助密封點(diǎn)動(dòng)環(huán)與軸(軸套)輔助密封點(diǎn)端蓋與泵體連接密封點(diǎn)此外為了保證和提高機(jī)械密封的密封效果延長(zhǎng)使用壽命,采取不同端面的組合，增加如沖洗,節(jié)流冷卻,阻封和雜質(zhì)過(guò)濾等輔助系統(tǒng).約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用機(jī)械密封概述:1Howamechanicalsealwork?StationaryassemblyRotatingassembly

toseparatethetwoslidingfacestolubricatetheslidingfacestoreducefriction/heatgenerationtopreventfluidleakagetotheatmosphere

Thesealfacesarelappedveryflat(1to2lightbands).Averythinfluidfilm(3to5microns)isformedandservedthefollowingpurposes:Face,Seat

andSpringsSecondarySeals0。294m

Howamechanicalsealwork?S2TheSealingInterface

FluidFilm3to5microns

HumanHair

FaceSeat

60micronsMechanicalsealhasnormalleakagebutnotvisiblebecausetheliquidattheIDofthefilmwillvaporisedslowlyinverysmallquantity-emissionTheSealingInterfaceFluidF3PrimarySeal–FilmThickness

主密封——膜厚度Fluidfilmthicknessisveryimportanttoothin-wear,causingearlysealfailuretoothick-visibleleakageMustbe:present-bewaredryrunningstableclean-bewareabrasivewearsymptomsreasonableviscositytemperaturecontrolledacceptablepressurePrimarySeal–FilmThickness

4約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用摩擦副端面檢測(cè)：利用光波的干涉效應(yīng)測(cè)量工具：平晶光源：鈉光原理：光波干涉干涉條紋按圖示產(chǎn)生光帶確定密封端面平面度1光帶=0。294m=0。588m（=鈉光波波長(zhǎng)）約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用摩擦副端面檢測(cè)：5約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用FamilyB：推進(jìn)型“O”二次密封機(jī)械密封特點(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，二次密封為“O”型柔性件結(jié)構(gòu)便于安裝與維修不損傷軸(軸套)表面雙旋向結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)具有非平衡，平衡型兩種設(shè)計(jì)選用不同材料應(yīng)用范圍廣泛經(jīng)改型設(shè)計(jì)，廣泛應(yīng)用于烴泵易揮發(fā)介質(zhì)基本密封型號(hào)：Type58U,58B,8-1,8B1,48,5610,5620Type1648,2648,3648(符合API682標(biāo)準(zhǔn))鑒于約翰克蘭開(kāi)發(fā)ISOLAST高氟橡膠(全氟醚橡膠)，該材料耐強(qiáng)腐蝕，高溫(-200C--3250C)致使“O”型密封得到更廣泛應(yīng)用約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用FamilyB：推進(jìn)型“O”二6FamilyB推進(jìn)型“O”型低泄漏盒式密封FamilyB7約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用集裝式盒式密封特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)點(diǎn):結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn):密封包括端蓋,軸套完整提供設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn):改善,提高熱交換效率材料優(yōu)選結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)選抗熱變形及抗壓力變形設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品優(yōu)點(diǎn):簡(jiǎn)便,迅速,快捷的安裝無(wú)需測(cè)量安裝長(zhǎng)度使用前在車(chē)間組裝并做靜壓試驗(yàn)保證密封安裝的清潔度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的零部件-有效的成本及較短的交貨期約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用集裝式盒式密封特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)點(diǎn):8熱量引起的變形壓力引起的變形平行面接觸穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行狀態(tài)密封面接觸變形分析約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用熱量引起的變形壓力引起的變形平行面接觸密封面接觸變形分析約翰9熱量引起變形的趨勢(shì)集合于點(diǎn)（線）接觸泄露通道約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用熱量引起變形的趨勢(shì)集合于點(diǎn)（線）接觸泄露通道約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封10特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)點(diǎn)：“O”形推進(jìn)式機(jī)械密封設(shè)計(jì)低泄漏的密封設(shè)計(jì)可組合為單級(jí)，雙級(jí)串聯(lián)集裝式密封根據(jù)不同介質(zhì)工況選擇應(yīng)用不同的動(dòng)，靜環(huán)及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)多種規(guī)格，不同優(yōu)質(zhì)材料組合應(yīng)用約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用特點(diǎn)及優(yōu)點(diǎn)：約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用11EXTENDEDFLUSHCIRCUMFERENTIALFLUSHDISTRIBUTEDFLUSHType8B1FlushArrangementsEXTENDEDCIRCUMFERENTIALDISTRI12二次節(jié)流密封不帶二次節(jié)流單密封將允許主密封正常的介質(zhì)泄露排放至大氣側(cè)對(duì)于如下因素不可接受:危險(xiǎn)或有毒介質(zhì)流體易揮發(fā)流體環(huán)保要求二次密封可將主密封泄露引到安全區(qū)域當(dāng)主密封失效，二次節(jié)流密封也可使設(shè)備以一種可控制的方式切換停車(chē)。約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用二次節(jié)流密封不帶二次節(jié)流單密封將允許主密封正常的介質(zhì)泄露排放13ItemDescription123456GarterSpringSegmentalBushingSpringO-RingFollowerPlateCapScrew132465HardDepositSecondaryContainmentsegmentedcarbonbushItemDescription123456GarterSp14約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用煉油和化學(xué)工業(yè)對(duì)機(jī)械密封要求的最新趨勢(shì):高工況，高參數(shù)期望延長(zhǎng)使用壽命.密封標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化/減少現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的調(diào)試/減少庫(kù)存.有計(jì)劃的間隔維修/防止故障間隔維修.遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)測(cè)/監(jiān)控環(huán)保要求零泄漏可靠性.安全性約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用煉油和化學(xué)工業(yè)對(duì)機(jī)械密封要求的最新15約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用API682機(jī)械密封標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(第二版)機(jī)械密封石油化工泵制造商制造商工業(yè)主機(jī)廠API682的最終目的是可靠性,安全性,減少泄漏機(jī)械密封使用壽命最低為三年節(jié)能問(wèn)題倍受關(guān)注,以壽命成本為考核依據(jù)

滿足最終用戶的利益約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用API682機(jī)械密封標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(第二16約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用機(jī)械密封輔助系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用:基本系統(tǒng)--為保證機(jī)械密封正常使用,選用正確的密封輔助系統(tǒng),增加如沖洗,循環(huán),抗溫,抗壓,排渣,節(jié)流,潤(rùn)滑,防結(jié)晶,防介質(zhì)泄漏等功能,改善機(jī)械密封的工作環(huán)境,從而保證機(jī)械密封的正常運(yùn)行.基本系統(tǒng)功能:控制泄漏控制壓力控制磨蝕控制腐蝕防污染防泄漏基本系統(tǒng)分類(lèi):API610PLAN系統(tǒng)介質(zhì)沖洗API610PLAN01,11,12,13,14，21,22,23,31,41外流體沖洗API610PLAN32,51，（61）62緩沖液（氣）循環(huán)系統(tǒng)API610PLAN52，72隔離液（氣）循環(huán)系統(tǒng)API610PLAN53A,53B,53C,54，74收集與排放系統(tǒng)APIPLAN（71），75，76約翰克蘭機(jī)械密封產(chǎn)品與應(yīng)用機(jī)械密封輔助系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用:17APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案18Integral(internal)recirculationfrompumpdischargetoseal內(nèi)部循環(huán)從泵的出口到密封

Advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn)-Noexternalpiping沒(méi)有外部沖洗

Limitations局限性-Changingflowraterequireddismantlingofpump改變流量需要拆泵-Forcleanpumpagesonly

只能是適用干凈的介質(zhì)APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Integral(internal)recirculat19PointstoNoteforAPIPlan02:API02沖洗方案應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：Theinjectiontappingisusedforventingpriortostart–up.

-在開(kāi)車(chē)前，入口用來(lái)進(jìn)行放空APIplan02isoftenusedtogetherwithplan62,especiallyonhightemperaturebellowsseals.沖洗方案2經(jīng)常與62一起用，特別是用在高溫波紋管密封APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Noflushingtothemechanicalseal(‘dead-ended’)機(jī)械密封里沒(méi)有沖洗PointstoNoteforAPIPlan0220PointstoNoteforAPIPlan11:API沖洗方案11應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)-Useanorificetorestricttheflowrateifthedischargepressureis3barhigherthansealchamberpressure.如果出口壓力高于密封腔壓力3bar，需要用一個(gè)孔限制流量-Useoncleanandlowabrasivesduties用在干凈，含磨石性顆粒少的工礦APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案SealFlushingBy-PassfromDischarge單密封通過(guò)出口進(jìn)行沖洗PointstoNoteforAPIPlan1121APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案OverhungPump–1sealsAPIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Overh22APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案OverhungPump–1sealsAPIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Overh23Recirculationfromsealchamberthroughaflowcontrolorificeandbacktopumpsuction從密封腔里通過(guò)一個(gè)孔板返回到泵的入口PointstoNoteforAPIPlan13:API沖洗方案13應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)-Useanorificetorestricttheflowrateifthesealchamberpressureis3barhigherthansuctionpressure.如果密封腔壓力高于入口壓力3bar，需要用一個(gè)孔限制流量-handleabrasivesdutybetterthanAPIplan11處理含有磨蝕性顆粒的工況13方案好于11方案-highersealchamberpressuretosuppressvaporisation較高的密封腔壓力可抑制它的汽化APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Recirculationfromsealchambe24+=PointstoNoteforAPIPlan14:API沖洗方案14應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)：-Flowbacktosuctionsidewillevacuatevapoursthatmaycollectinsealchamber.-Recommendedforlighthydrocarbonservice.APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案+=PointstoNoteforAPIPlan25RecirculationfrompumpdischargethroughaflowcontrolorificeandcoolertosealOpenLoopCoolingCircuitCoolingWaterOutlet冷水出口CoolingWaterInlet冷水入口APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Recirculationfrompumpdischa26APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案27APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案28RecirculationfromapumpingringinthesealchamberthroughcoolerandbacktosealClosedLoopCoolingCircuit沖洗液通過(guò)密封腔中的泵效環(huán)從密封腔中流出經(jīng)過(guò)換熱器，再返回到密封中，形成自封閉循環(huán)。形成封閉的冷卻回路ThroatbushingSuction入口Discharge出口18-24"Ventathighestpointofthepiping排起在管線的最高點(diǎn)CoolingWaterOutlet冷水出口CoolingWaterInlet冷水入口mechanicalsealwithpumpingringHeatexchanger換熱器APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Recirculationfromapumpingr29PointstonoteforAPIPlan23:Thermosyphondesign熱虹吸設(shè)計(jì)*heatexchanger換熱器18to24“abovepumpcentreline.

在泵中心線以上18to24"*Preventoverheatinginstandbyandstart–up.*在泵啟動(dòng)和備用時(shí)，要防止過(guò)熱。Installclosefittingneckbushingatthebottomofsealchambertoisolatetheheatfromtheimpellerend.在密封腔底部安裝喉部襯套用來(lái)隔離從葉輪傳出的熱量Usedonhightemperatureapplicationstominimiseheatloadonthecoolerbycoolingonlysmallamountofliquidthatisrecirculated.用于高溫工況，通過(guò)冷卻密封腔的小部分的循環(huán)流體來(lái)使冷卻器的熱負(fù)荷降至最低.Forhightemperatureboilerfeedpumpapplications用于高溫鍋爐給水泵上Otherapplications其他應(yīng)用*hightemperatureliquidclosetobubblepoint.

*接近沸點(diǎn)的高溫液體.APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案PointstonoteforAPIPlan2330Recirculationfrompumpdischargethroughacycloneseparatordeliveringcleanfluidtothesealandfluidwithsolidsbacktopumpsuctionline沖洗液從泵出口流出，通過(guò)一旋液分離器，使干凈流體進(jìn)入密封腔，帶有顆粒的流體返回到泵入口處形成封閉循環(huán)CleanoverflowUnderflowInletAPIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Recirculationfrompumpdischa31PointstoNoteforAPIPlan32:對(duì)于APIplan32須注意:-Choseapropersourceofsealflushtoeliminatethepotentialforvaporisationoftheinjectedfluidandtoavoidcontaminationofthefluidbeingpumpedwiththeinjectedflush.選擇合適的密封沖洗源，以減少?zèng)_洗流體的汽化，同時(shí)可避免沖洗流體被污染。-Installalabyrinthbushingatthebottomofthestuffingboxtocontroltheflushingandpressureifnecessary.--如有必要的話，在密封腔底部安裝喉部襯套或迷宮密封來(lái)控制沖洗和壓力。APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案SingleSealFlushingfromExternalSource單密封通過(guò)外部來(lái)源進(jìn)行沖洗ThroatBushingPointstoNoteforAPIPlan3232APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案CleanexternalflushAPIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Clean33APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案CleanexternalflushAPIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Clean34Tappedconnectionsforthepurchaser’suse在接口處攻螺紋，以方便用戶使用PointtoNoteforAPIPlan61:對(duì)于APIplan61須注意:Typicallythisplanisusedwhenthepurchaseristoprovidefluid(suchassteam,gas,orwater)toanauxiliarysealingdevice.通常在買(mǎi)方能給密封輔助系統(tǒng)提供流體（如蒸汽、氣體或水）的情況下，才采用該方案APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案Tappedconnectionsforthepur35PointstoNoteforAPIPlan62:對(duì)于APIplan62須注意:Thequenchmayberequiredtopreventsolidsfromaccumulatingontheatmosphericsideoftheseal.增加吹掃口以防止在密封大氣側(cè)有顆粒的積累Typicallyusedwithaclose-clearancethrottlebushing.普遍使用節(jié)流襯套APIPipingPlansAPI沖洗方案SingleSealQuenchfromExt