(完整版)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則?一般狀況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds?以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3?以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4?以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如:knife-knives5?不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo-yopeachsandwichmanwomanpaperjuicewatermilkricetea二、一般此刻時(shí)一般此刻時(shí)基本用法介紹【No.1】一般此刻時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特點(diǎn)、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示常常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每日六點(diǎn)起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般此刻時(shí)的組成1.be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其余。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其余)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜愛(ài)漢語(yǔ)。一般此刻時(shí)的變化be動(dòng)詞的變化。否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其余。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其余。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特別疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否認(rèn)句：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其余)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't組成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其余。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does組成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特別疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1．一般狀況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2?以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，^口-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3?以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如:study-studies一般此刻時(shí)用法專練:一、寫出以下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarry

come_watchplantflystudybrush?/doteach二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的合適形式填空。1.Heoften__(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick__(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.they(like)theWorldCup?6.What___theyoften(do)onSaturdays?7.yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There__(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike___(like)cooking.12.They______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.I(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday(be)ittoday?－It'sSaturday.三、依據(jù)要求改寫句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否認(rèn)句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否認(rèn)回答）3.Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作必定回答）改為一般疑Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(問(wèn)句，作否認(rèn)回答)

改為一般疑5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改為否認(rèn)句)6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改為否認(rèn)句)7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（發(fā)問(wèn)）對(duì)劃線部分8.JohncomesfromCanada.（對(duì)劃線部分發(fā)問(wèn))9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（否認(rèn)回答）改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否定句）

五、改錯(cuò)（劃犯錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.___Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays.也可三、此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)1．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)表示此刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，表示目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。也可2．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的必定句基本構(gòu)造為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句在be后加not。4．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首5．此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)的特別疑問(wèn)的基本構(gòu)造為：疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其構(gòu)造為：疑問(wèn)詞+be+動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般狀況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2?以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3?假如末端是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末端的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出以下動(dòng)詞的此刻分詞：playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingdanceputseebuylovelivetakecomeget

stopsitbeginshop二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Whatyou(do)now?Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.It's5o'clocknow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.分別改成一般疑問(wèn)三、句型變換：分別改成一般疑問(wèn)1.Theyaredoinghousework.(句和否認(rèn)句）．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.（改一般疑問(wèn)句并作必定和否認(rèn)回答）．I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.（對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行發(fā)問(wèn)）．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行發(fā)問(wèn)）四、未來(lái)時(shí)一、觀點(diǎn)：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday（week,month,year）,soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。

二、基本構(gòu)造：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否認(rèn)句：在be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are)后加not或神態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won't。比如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.—I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱交換。比如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.—Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分發(fā)問(wèn)。一般狀況，一般未來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種狀況。1.問(wèn)人。1.問(wèn)人。Who比如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.—Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.問(wèn)干什么。2.問(wèn)干什么。Whatdo.比如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.—Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.比如：She'sWhenisshegoingtogotobedatnine.Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明日）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明日和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個(gè)禮拜一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.She

buysomefruit.你們打算什么時(shí)候會(huì)面Whattimeyoumeet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否認(rèn)）Nancygoingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem.（改否認(rèn)）Igojointhem.I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）tomeetatthebusstopat10:30.toSheisgoingtolistenmusicafterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分發(fā)問(wèn)）sheafterschool?10.Myfatherandmotherare10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.（同上）goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow渾身心記憶法依據(jù)測(cè)試，參加記憶單詞的器官和身體部位越多，單詞在大腦中的印象就越深刻，記憶的時(shí)間也就越長(zhǎng)。邊讀邊寫邊記，除讀記所使用的發(fā)音器官和身體的其余部位外，大腦中樞還要指揮大臂帶動(dòng)小臂，小臂帶著手掌，手掌帶著手指，進(jìn)而正確地書(shū)寫單詞。這類方法防止了"小和尚念經(jīng)"，由于只需注意力不集中，書(shū)寫立刻就犯錯(cuò)。書(shū)寫既是大腦中樞的履行行為，又是大腦中樞的督查器。聯(lián)系記憶法聯(lián)系記憶法就是在記憶單詞的過(guò)程中，不去孤立地記一個(gè)詞或詞組，而是把它與同義詞、反義詞、有關(guān)詞、句、篇等聯(lián)系起來(lái)記憶。同義記憶與近義記憶掌握一個(gè)詞或詞組的同義詞和近義詞或許其解說(shuō)是掌握該語(yǔ)言重要的一環(huán)。只有這樣，才能初步做到用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行思想，而用英語(yǔ)思想是掌握英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)標(biāo)記。同類記憶與比較記憶同類記憶的涵蓋面很廣，如詞性同類、動(dòng)物同類、植物同類、事情同類、物件同類等。如我們能夠把邊際附屬連詞放在一同記憶。比較記憶是把詞形鄰近或意義鄰近的詞放在一同對(duì)照記憶。這樣記憶能夠鑒別詞義，正確使用詞匯。聯(lián)想記憶"聯(lián)想是釣鉤，在茫茫的藝海中，它能正確地鉤住你所識(shí)記的事物。"聯(lián)想越豐富，越多彩，記憶的藝術(shù)也就越高明。記憶以聯(lián)想為基礎(chǔ)；聯(lián)想又是記憶的一種方法。聯(lián)想又分為近似聯(lián)想、類型聯(lián)想和詞、句篇聯(lián)想。