2023年研究生類研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)英語題庫

2023年研究生類研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課英語專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)英語題庫卷I一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Sheep,cattleandantelopeare______,unlikedogsandcats,theyshownointerestinmeat.A.voraciousB.omnivorousC.carnivorousD.herbivorous2.Theglobaltradeenvironmentismuch______fortheircountriesnowthanduringtheAsiancrisisoffouryearsago.(tough)3.ThereisevidencethatthecaribouoriginatedintoNorthAmericaandcrossedoveralllandbridgeintoAsiaandevolvedintotheOldWorld'sreindeer.4.Readthefollowingandwriteanargumentationofabout400wordsonpersonalitydevelopmentineducation.

"Feelingsofworthcanflourishonlyinanatmospherewhereindividualdifferencesareappreciated,mistakesaretolerated,communicationisopen,andrulesareflexible—thekindofatmospherethatisfoundinanurturingfamily."ByVirginiaSatir

Inthefirstpartofyourwriting,youshouldintroduceyourargument,andinthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyourargumentwithappropriatedetails.InthefinalPart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorSummary.

MarkswillbeawardedforContent,Organization,Grammar,andAppropriateness.Failuretofollowtheinstructionwillresultinalossofmarks.5.Luminescencereferstotheemissionoflightbymeansanotherthanheat.6.VanGogh'sriseto______fameasoneoftheworld'sgreatartistscamedespitethefactthathescarcelysoldasinglepaintingduringhislifetime.A.postmodernB.posthumousC.postmortemD.posterior7.NotwomanheldapresidentialcabinetpositionintheUnitedStatesuntil1933,whenFrancesPerkinsbecameSecretaryofLabor.8.Abodyweighs______fromthesurfaceoftheearth.A.lessthefartheritgetsB.thefartheritgets,thelessC.lessthanitgetsfartherD.lessthanthefartheritgets9.Hisresignationleftalotofworkhangingintheair.10.Homersometimesnods11.Inhisignorance,helaybleedingandwishinghecould______outforhelp,buttherewasnovoiceinhisthroat.12.Afreepressisconsideredveryimportanttothefunctioningofparliamentarydemocracybecause______.A.itplaysawatchdogfunction,keepinganeyeonthegovernmentB.ItinformspeopleofcurrentaffairsintheworldC.ItprovidespeoplewithsubjectivereportsD.ItpublishesshortpamphletsforParliament13.Tomysurprise,themanager______theplanformarketingtheproductsatthemeeting,whichhadbeendisapprovedaweekbefore.A.broughtaboutB.broughtoutC.broughtupD.broughtdown14.Fromcavepaintingsandfrom______onboneandreindeerhorn,itisknownthatprehistorichumanswerecloseobserversofnaturewhocarefullytrackedtheseasonsandtimesoftheyear.A.apparentlyregularscratchesB.scratchingapparentlyregularlyC.regularscratchesapparentlyD.scratchesregularapparently15.Techniquesthatcreateanatmosphereofsuspensearecommonlyusedbyfilm-makersto______theiraudiences.A.harassB.arrestC.appeaseD.arouse16.Agoodreputationisa(n)______assetforacompany.A.tangibleB.intangibleC.visibleD.invisible17.Awell-establishedfriendshipcarriesalonghistoryofexperienceandinteractionthat______whoweareandkeepsusconnected.A.definesB.refinesC.confinesD.defies18.TheBeijingOlympicsecuritycommandcentersetupacontrolcenterforthesoftballchampionship,whichhadsubdivisionsinchargeofthesecurityofthecompetitionvenues,athletes'accommodations,trafficandotherareas.A.theboxwherealltheVIPsstayB.TheplaygroundforcompetitionC.thesettingwherethecompetitiontakesplaceD.thesportshallthattheplayersandspectatorsgo19.HowdidtheblackssufferinAmericanhistory?Whatistheircurrentsituation?20.IndigenousAustraliansbelievethatreconciliationisnecessarybutthegovernmentshould,mostimportantly,makeaformalapologyforwhattheydidinthepast.A.conflictB.confrontationC.rapprochementD.reconnaissance21.當(dāng)我們從文化的視角放眼全球之際，對本土文化的認(rèn)同與對未來發(fā)展方向的選擇成為首要問題。什么是中華文明的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)?什么是當(dāng)今世界上的先進(jìn)文化?只有把這些放到人類文明發(fā)展的大背景下，放到全球多元文化的大視野中，才能得出結(jié)論。回首人類文明的產(chǎn)生與交往歷史，東西方文化的差異與沖突不容回避。長期以來人們熱衷于討論中西文化孰優(yōu)孰劣，究竟誰是先進(jìn)或落后，但對其各自的淵源與特征卻不甚明了，對文化差異與沖突的根本性質(zhì)也缺乏認(rèn)識。因此，我們更需要進(jìn)行一番扎實的追本溯源工作，才能擁有自己的發(fā)言權(quán)。22.Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,hadtheybeendonebyhand,______allpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.A.couldloseB.wouldhavelostC.mightloseD.oughttohavelost23."Well,that'sjustoneofthescientificcreedsabouttheoriginoflife,"Iexplained,"butnobodyknowstheabsolutefacts."A.predictionsbasedonpriorknowledgeB.beliefsorprinciplesC.mythsthatdonotreallyexistD.anticipationsthatscientistshold24.Thefatherofthehouseiskillingthefattedcalfinanticipationofhisson.25.FrancisBaconsays,"Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman."Writeanessayofabout300wordstoeithersupportorrefuteBacon'sstatement"Readingmakesafullman."Illustrateyourpointwithexamplesfromyourownreadingexperience.26.IsuspectthatthereisquitealotoflorestoredawayintheColonel'sotherwisenotveryinterestingmind.27.Theyhadbeendatingforthreeyears,buteventhoughshepledgedherallegiance,his______madehimsuspectherveracity.A.autonomyB.cynicismC.conglomerateD.dexterity28.Theformallanguageheusedwasmuchtoo______forhistrivialsubject.A.austereB.eccentricC.pompousD.languid29.Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured______thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.A.inlinewithB.inregardwithC.intermsofD.bymeansof30.Inthenextfewweeksconsumerspendingwillincreaseby7%inAmerica,______withlastyear,accordingtoaconsumersurveybyDeloitte,aconsultancy.A.comparingB.comparedC.tocompareD.havingcompared31.Toh______aroundistospendtimesomewheredoingnothing32.Thedilapidatedfactoryisaneyesoreamidthenewvillasforthewealthy.33.Directions:Writeanessayof300wordstostateyourownopiniononthefollowingtopic.Giveexamples,eitheryourpersonalobservationsandexperiencesorsimplythingsyouhavereadthatwouldbackupyourview.Yourwritingwillbeassessedforlanguage,content,organizationandlength.

AreInterpersonalSkillsImportanttoYourFutureDevelopment?34.Atpresent,itisnotpossibletoconfirmortorefutethesuggestionthatthereisacausalrelationshipbetweentheamountoffatweeatandthe______ofheartattacksA.incidenceB.impetusC.ruptureD.emergence35.Neveragain______politicalofficeafterhis1928defeatforthepresidency.A.AlfredE.SmithseriouslysoughtB.seriouslyAlfredE.SmithsoughtC.whendidAlfredE.SmithseriouslyseekD.didAlfredE.Smithseriouslyseek36.Therecognizablefeatureofthesebuildingsistheirmassiveness.A.messinessB.adroitnessC.bulkinessD.cuteness37.Oncestarted,achainreactionsustainsitselfwithout______outsideinfluence.A.endlessB.additionalC.interruptiveD.measurable38.Wehumanscamebyourhungrybrainsinalongprocessofevolution.39.Forpsychologists,thetaskistodeterminewhethertheuseofgenericmasculinenounsandpronounstriggersimagesofmen______theexclusionofwomen.40.Tryingtoachieveyourgoalswithoutanactionplanisliketryingtodrivethroughoutunfamiliarroadstoadistantcity.Thewastedtime,energyandmoneywillprobablycauseyoutogiveupbeforeverylong.

A.goals

B.throughout

C.wasted

D.before41.Sinceabout1970,newresearchhelpedbrainsscientistsunderstandtheseproblemsbetterScientistsnowknowtherearemanydifferentkindsoflearningdisabilitiestheyarecausedbymanydifferentthings.

A.Since

B.helped

C.understand

D.disabilities42.Theprimitiveemotionsofloveandhate,eventhoughextremeopposites,arefoundinvaryingdegreeseveninthemost______person.A.brackishB.sylvanC.beneficentD.defunct43.Theshowhasbeenplayingto(p______)audiencessinceitopened.44.Whichofthefollowingreligionshasan"electiveaffinity"withCapitalism?A.BuddhismB.JudaismC.TheDreamingD.Protestantism45.ThemostreveredgodinChinesemythologyisthedragon,whichplayedanimportantroleinancientworship.A.fearedwithspiritB.aspiredwithadesireC.respectedwithreasonsD.adoredwithawe46.Chinesepeoplearesousedtohavingdeliciousfood.Itisnotjustfor______—it'sforeverybody.A.tycoonsB.eldersC.gluttonsD.gourmets47.Iwouldhavecometoseeyou______,butIwassobusythen.A.haditbeenpossibleB.wereitpossibleC.ifitweretobepossibleD.ifitshouldhavebeenpossible48.Inthecomingyear,when______byself-doubtsaboutmyabilitytoteachorgetthroughtheslogofwritingtheMAthesis,Iwouldthink,"DrStewartmustbelieveIcandothis."A.pervadedB.offendedC.assailedD.contradicted49.Business,governmental,anduniversityvisitors,onshortbusinesstrips,havetocopewithawiderrangeofproblems,butareoften______inhotelsorsomewheresimilar,andlookedafterbyotherexpatriates.50.Writeacompositionofnolessthan300wordsonthetopicbellow:

EmploymentMarketToday卷I參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：D[解析]句意：跟狗、貓不同，羊、牛和鹿是食草動物，他們對肉不感興趣?！皏oracious”貪婪的、貪吃的，“omnivorous”雜食的，“carnivorous”食肉的，“herbivorous”食草的。2.參考答案：tougher[解析]句意：現(xiàn)在的全球貿(mào)易環(huán)境對他們國家來說要比四年前亞洲金融危機(jī)時期惡劣得多了。句中有than，因此需要tough的比較級。3.參考答案：into(第一個)→from[解析]originatefrom為固定搭配，意思是源于……，來自……4.參考答案：[范文]

PersonalityDevelopmentinEducation

Personalityisdefinedastheenduringpersonalcharacteristicsofindividuals,whichmakesthemuniquefromotherpeople.Itincludesallofthethoughtpatternsandemotionsthatcauseustodoandsaythingsinparticularways.Thereareinherentnatural,geneticandenvironmentalfactorsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofourpersonality.Isitnatureornurturethatplaysamajorroleinthedevelopmentofpersonality?Human'sendeavorinresearchingonfactorsaffectingone'spersonalityanddevelopmenthasofferedquiteamountofproofs.AsfarasIamconcerned,Ifirmlybelievethatnurtureplaysafarmorevitalroleinone'spersonalitydevelopment.

Tobeginwith,environmentisadeterminingfactorofone'spersonality.Onemaythinkthatpersonalityisalreadyshapedonceababyisborn,but,asamatteroffact,therearemanycontributingfactors.Thebaby,forinstance,wouldmostlikelybepessimisticifheorshelivesinapoorfamily,wherethebabyalwaysreceivespunishmentfromhisparents.Hisviewoflifemightbeverydifferentfromanotherindividualwholiveshappilyinaperfectnurturingfamilywithencouragementandpsychologicalsupportfromhisparents.

Moreover,educationafterbirthplaysasignificantroleinone'spersonalitydevelopment.Education,whichhelpschildrendeveloptheirthinkingandaccumulatetheirknowledge,isadecidingfactorofone'ssuccess.Forexample,ahigh-schoollevelpersoncommonlymightnotsucceedtosomeextentofapersonwhohasreceivedanuniversityeducation.Thisisnotonlybecauseofthegreaterbreadthofknowledgeacquired,butalsoduetoamorecriticalandfocusedwayofthinkingthatisimpartedandrefinedduringone'ssenioreducation.Toofferanotherinstance,awolfchild,duetoadeficiencyofeducationandshortageofcontactwithhumanbeings,couldhardlyliveinoursocietyorself-develop.

Tosumup,nature,decidedbythegenesgivenbyone'sparents,alsomakeanimpactonone'spersonalityanddevelopment.Onecanclearlyfinddifferences,amongyoungerkids,intheirlearningability,whichcouldprovetheimportanceofgenesinthisregard.However,whencomparedwithotherfactorsafterbirth,therolegenesplayinone'spersonalityanddevelopmentmaynotbeparticularlysignificant.Notallgeniuswillinevitablybesuccessful,andsimilarlynotallgreatmenaregeniusintheirchildhood.Therefore,Iholdthatenvironmentandeducationafterbirthweighheavierthannatureinregardtoone'spersonalityanddevelopment.5.參考答案：anotherthan→otherthan[解析]otherthan表示除了，絕不是：沒有anotherthan的表達(dá)方式。6.參考答案：B[解析]句意：盡管凡高終其一生也沒賣出去一張畫，他死后卻成功地躋身于世界頂級藝術(shù)家之列。本題主要考查的是“post-”做前綴構(gòu)成的合成詞?！皃ostmodern”后現(xiàn)代，“posthumous”死后的、遺腹的，“postmortem”尸檢，“posterior”在后的、其后的。B符合句意。7.參考答案：Not→No[解析]no為否定限定詞，后可接名詞；not為否定副詞，不能直接修飾名詞。8.參考答案：A[解析]句意：距離地表面越遠(yuǎn)，物體的重量越小。本題考查的是比較級的使用，“themore...themore...”結(jié)構(gòu)。9.參考答案：whichisuncertain/unfinished10.參考答案：eventhegreatest,wisestpersonmakesmistakessometimes11.參考答案：cry[解析]cryoutforhelp呼救。12.參考答案：A[解析]有合現(xiàn)的監(jiān)督機(jī)制才能保證議會民主的施行，新聞機(jī)構(gòu)充當(dāng)著“人民喉舌”的角色，“afreepress”能很好地監(jiān)督下政府部門施政的合法性和合理性。故選A。13.參考答案：C[解析]句意：讓我驚奇的事，在會議上經(jīng)理提出的是一周前剛被否決的商品營銷方案。bringabout“導(dǎo)致”；bringout“生產(chǎn)”；bringup“養(yǎng)大、提出”；bringdown“使某物落下”。由句子主干中的“disapprove”可以推測出C為正確答案。14.參考答案：A[解析]句意：從石洞壁畫和骨頭與鹿角上明顯的規(guī)則的痕跡，我們可以知道史前人類密切關(guān)注著自然界，他們仔細(xì)記錄著一年季節(jié)的更替。根據(jù)句型，from后面應(yīng)該加名詞，只有A選項的中心詞是名詞。答案為A。15.參考答案：B[解析]句意：電影制作者往往使用設(shè)置懸念的辦法來吸引觀眾。A：騷擾；侵?jǐn)_；困擾；不斷襲擊，屢次侵?jǐn)_(敵人)。B：attracttheattentionof(someone)吸引(某人的)注意。C：pacifyorplacate(someone)byaccedingtotheirdemands(以滿足某方面的要求來)撫慰，平息：assuageorsatisfy(ademandorafeeling)緩解(難受的感覺)。D：exciteorprovoke(someone)toangerorstrongemotions燃起(某人的)怒氣；煽起(某人的)強烈情感。16.參考答案：B[解析]句意：好的聲譽對公司來說是一筆無形資產(chǎn)。本句考查形容詞辨析。A的含義是“有形的”，B“無形的”，C“可看到的”，D“看不到的”。B符合題意。17.參考答案：A[解析]句意：牢固的友誼意味著長時間的交往，由此我們可以確定自己的身份并保持聯(lián)系。動詞辨析。define“闡述、說明”；refine“精制、精煉”；confine“局限”；defy“反駁、違抗”。根據(jù)句意，可判定A為正確答案。18.參考答案：C[解析]北京奧運會安全指揮中心成立了壘球冠軍賽指揮中心，該指揮中心的七個分部分別負(fù)責(zé)比賽場地、運動員住宿、交通及其他方面。venue：aplaceforlargegatherings，asasportsstadium會場，大型集會的地點，如體育館，那么competitionvenues就是指比賽場地了。選項A：貴賓席，B：比賽場地，露天操場，playground：anoutdoorareasetasideforrecreationandplay操場用于消遣和玩耍的戶外場地，C：比賽場所，setting：指場所、會場，與venue意義較接近，D：運動員與觀眾進(jìn)入的比賽大廳。19.參考答案：ThemajorityofAfricanAmericans,orcalledBlackpeople,descendfromslaveswhowereeithersoldasprisonersofwarbyAfricanstatesorkidnappeddirectlybyEuropeansorAmericans.Theyaretreatednotlikehumanbeingsbutlikethings,commoditiestobetradedandusedtoenrichothers.Slaveownerscommonlyregardedtheslavesas"talkingtools",somethinglessthanhuman.ThatishowBlackpeopleweretreatedforthefirst250yearsinAmerican.African-Americanhistoryofblackpeoplestruggledtomaintaintheirhumanityduringtheslavetradeandslaves'sufferingthroughtheCivilWar,thebeginningofReconstructionaswellastheCivilRightsmovement.Thistellsacompellingstoryofsurvival,struggleandtriumphoveradversity.Duringthelatenineteenthcenturyandmuchofthetwentiethcentury,racialsegregationandraciallymotivatedviolencerelegatedAfrican-Americanstosecond-classcitizenship.TheenslavementandexploitationofBlackpeoplehasbeenabigpartofbuildingupthewealthandpowerthattherulersofthiscountryhaveintheirhands.

SincetheCivilRightsmovement,AfricanAmericanshavesignificantlyimprovedtheirsocialandeconomicstatusandrecentyearshavewitnessedtheexpansionofarobustandvigorousAfrican-AmericanmiddleclassacrosstheUnitedStates.Inthepost-civilrightsera,African-AmericanshavegainedtheunprecedentedaccesstohighereducationandemploymentexceptbeingasrepresentativesinthehighestlevelofAmericangovernment.Nevertheless,dueinparttothelegacyofslavery,racismanddiscrimination,African-AmericansasagroupremainatainferiorpositiontowhiteAmericansintermsofeconomy,educationandsocialsystemsuchasinadequatehealthcareaccessanddelivery,institutionalracismanddiscriminationinhousing,education,policing,criminaljusticeandemployment,crime,povertyaswellasabuseandsoon.20.參考答案：B[解析]句意：澳大利亞土著居民認(rèn)為，和解是很有必要的，但更重要的是，政府應(yīng)當(dāng)為過去的所作所為道歉。reconciliation：theconditionofbeingreconciled和諧，和解，處于一處或和好的狀況。A：沖突，B：和睦、親善，C：面對、對質(zhì)，D：偵察、搜索、勘測。21.參考答案：Whenweviewtheworldfromtheculturalperspective,whatbecometheprimeissuesaretheself-identityoflocalcultureandthechoicesoffuturedirection.WhatisthefinetraditionofChinesecivilization?Whatistheadvancedcultureintheworldoftoday?Onlywhenweputthemintothebackgroundofthedevelopmentofhumancivilizationandtosettletheminthebroadfieldofglobalmulti-culturecanwereachthefinalconclusion.Datingbacktothehistoryofbirthandcommunicationofhumancivilization,thereisnochancetoevadethedifferencesandconflictsbetweenwesterncultureandeasternculture.Overalongperiod,peoplehavebeenkeenondiscussingabouttheminregardtowhichisbetterormoreadvanced.However,wearenotclearabouttheiroriginsandtraits,nordoweknowverywellthefundamentalcharactersofthoseculturaldifferencesandconflicts.Therefore,weneedtodomoreintracingtheproblemtoitssourcebeforepresentingouropinions.1.對本土文化的認(rèn)同是指對本土文化特性的認(rèn)識和支持，因此，譯為“self-identity”。

2．文中第四句話“只有……才……”在翻譯時應(yīng)采用倒裝語序。

3．第六句原文較長，可采用斷句的方式處理此句。可將“但……”作為單獨的句子來譯。

4．追本溯源：tracetheproblemtoitssource22.參考答案：B[解析]句意：如果人工計算，等到結(jié)果出來的時候，這數(shù)百萬的計算步驟也就失去意義了。此處“hadtheybeendonebyhand”相當(dāng)于“Iftheyhadbeendonebyhand”，用的是過去完成時，表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，因此主句須用過去將來完成時。23.參考答案：B[解析]句意：“哦，那只不過是關(guān)于生命起源的一條科學(xué)理念而已，”我解釋道：“但是沒人知道絕對的真相?！眂reed：asystemofbeliefs，principles，oropinions系統(tǒng)的信念、原則或觀點。選項A：基于已知知識的預(yù)測，B：信念或原則，C：并非真實存在的神話，D：科學(xué)家的期望。因此，選項B與原句中的creed意義最接近，答案選B。24.參考答案：excitedandmakingpreparationsfor[解析]父親興奮地期待著兒子的歸來。25.參考答案：[Student'sSample]

ReadingMakesaFullMan

FrancisBaconsays,"Readingmakesafullman."Tothisstatement,manypeoplecannotgivetheirsupport,buttome,itistrue.Infact,readingbringsusunexpectedfeelings,experiencesandgains.

Firstofall,throughreading,wecangetgreatpleasureandastrongsenseofsatisfaction.Inmanycases,asimplebutmeaningfulsentencecanbeofthegreatestfuntousandmakesusexcitedforalongtime.IrememberinthefictionJaneEyre,whenyoungJaneisaskedbyMr.Brocklehustwhatshemustdotoavoidgoingintohell,she,ofcourse,isexpectedtosay"Tobeagoodkid",but,toeveryone'ssurprise,shesays,"Keepwellandnotdie,Sir."Whatasurpriseandwhatfun!

Readingalsocontributestoourmentaldevelopment.Whilereading,weidentifyourselveswithallcharactersinthebooks,andwecryastheycryand'laughastheylaugh.Fromthem,welearnlessonsaboutlifeandtheworld.What'smoreimportant,webegintoreflectuponourselvesandouroutlookonlifeandtheworld.Wetrytofindoutwhatblursmyeyesorevenshadowsourheart."Science,art,literature,philosophy—allthatmanhasthought,allthatmanhasdone—theexperiencethathasbeenboughtwiththesufferingsofahundredgenerations,allaregarneredupforusintheworldofbooks."Aslongasweread,welearnandgrow.

Besides,readingcreateschances.Possibilitiesdonotcomefromnothing,rathertheyveryoftencomefromreading.Manypeopledonotknowhowtheyhavebenefitedfromreading,buttheydoknowthatbookshavechangedtheirlifeandopenedtothemvastpossibilities.OnebookthatepitomizessuchabenefitisTheArtofWarbySunzi.Alargenumberofpeoplehomeandabroadthroughouthistoryhaveenjoyedthebenefitsofthebook.Withthehelpofthisbook,theyhavewongreatreputationandreachedtheacmeoftheirlife.Intimeofwar,inparticular,peoplewhoarequitefamiliarwiththebookwouldbeinurgentneed.LiKa-shing,oneofthemostsuccessfulbusinessmeninHongkongandChina,onceremarked"Readingcannotdeterminetheincreaseofyourwealth,itisaprocesstoaccumulatechances,andcreatingchancesbyyourownisthebestwaytosuccess."Whatweneedtodoistobeconsciousofthisaccumulation,andtopartakeofsometreasurefromtherepositorywhennecessary.

Inshort,readingistomankindwhatfoodistoourbody.Liketreeplanting,whatweplantdecideswhatfruitwewillharvest.Whatyoureadthereforedecideswhatkindofmanyouwillbe."Historiesmakemenwise;poems,witty;themathematics,subtle;naturalphilosophy,deep;moral,grave;logicandrhetoric,abletocontend."Inotherwords,readingcontributestoourself-improvementandmakesusafullman.26.參考答案：IthinkthereisquitealotofknowledgeintheColonel'smind,whichisnotsointerestingotherthanthat.27.參考答案：B[解析]句意：他們交往三年了，盡管她曾向他表示過忠心，他的憤世嫉俗還是使得他對此有所懷疑?！癮utonomy”自治、自主，“cynicism”憤世嫉俗、譏笑，“conglomerate”合成物、聚合物，“dexterity”靈巧、熟練。根據(jù)句意，他對她的懷疑是因為自己的憤世嫉俗。答案為B。28.參考答案：B[解析]句意：他所使用的詞語對于這么瑣碎的話題，顯得過于華麗了。本題考查的是形容詞的辨析?！癮ustere”嚴(yán)峻的、禁欲的、簡樸的，“eccentric”古怪的，“pompous”虛夸的、盛大的、華而不實的，“l(fā)anguid”疲倦的、無力的、陰沉的。29.參考答案：C[解析]句意：衡量一個國家的財富，除了要看該國的物質(zhì)財富生產(chǎn)能力，還要看該國人民健康與幸福指數(shù)。A：跟……一致，符合。B：無此表達(dá)，正確的應(yīng)為inregardto，表示“關(guān)于”。C：就……而言，從……方面來說。D：用……的手段，依靠。30.參考答案：B[解析]過去分詞compared做狀語，表被動含義。31.參考答案：hang[解析]tohangaround：閑逛。32.參考答案：disgustingobject[解析]這個破舊的工廠在為富人新建的別墅群中顯得很扎眼。33.參考答案：[范文]

InterpersonalSkillsAreImportanttoOurFutureDevelopment

Whenitcomestoone'ssuccess,exceptforthoseshiningpoints,peoplewillalwayssaythathemustalsohavespectacularinterpersonalskillsthatpromotehisdevelopment.However,therearestillsomeotherswhodisagreewiththisview,sayingthatone'sownability,otherthantheso-calledinterpersonalskills,isactuallytheveryfactorthatdecideswhetherhecandevelopwellinthefuture.Frommypointofview,interpersonalskillsareofgreatimportancetoourfuturedevelopment,nomatterweareverycapableorjustofmediocretalent.

Apersonhavinggoodinterpersonalskillsknowswhatisthemostimportantthinginanyrelationship—respect;heknowsthatwhenpeoplearoundhimareintroublehehastheresponsibilitytowalkoutandofferhelp;what'smore,heneverlooksdownuponpeoplewhentheyarelowbuthetrieshisbesttoencouragethemtofacetroublebravely.Asaresult,heearnsalotofgenuinefriendswhotreathiminthesamewayhetreatsothers,i.e,whenhelapsesintogreatdifficulty,thereisoftensomeonesupportinghimstrongly,whichhelpstodecreasetheobstaclesandguaranteeshisbetterfuturedevelopment.

Thereisatruestorythatbestillustratesthisopinion.Ayoungwomanhasrecentlyretiredandwhensheisthinkingthatlifeisimpossibletocontinue,shecomesacrossamiddleschoolclassmate.Herclassmate,tohersurprise,hasnowbecomeasuccessfulbusinessmanandhegivesheraflowershopasapresent,whichenableshertoworkagainandsupportherfamily.Whenaskedwhyhedoesthis,thebusinessmansaysitisoutofhisgratitudetowardsthewoman.Whentheywereinmiddleschool,theman,atthattimeaverypoorandsqualidboy,withsnotallday,waslookeddownuponbyhisclassmatesexceptthegirl,whoalwaysplayedwithhimandhelpedhimwithhisstudy.Beingthankful,theboywasfindingopportunitieslastseveralyearstorepaythegirlandatlasthisdreamcametrue.Obviously,duetoherexcellentinterpersonalskills,thegirlalsogainanewstartoflife.

Realizingtheimportantroleinterpersonalskillsplayinpushingourfuturedevelopment,weshouldapplythemintoourdailyinterpersonalpracticesasoftenaspossible.Onlyinthiswaycanwehopetoachievebetterresultsinourfuturedevelopment.34.參考答案：A[解析]句意：目前，既不能肯定也不能否定脂肪的攝入量和心臟病的發(fā)病率之間是否存在著因果關(guān)系?！癷ncidence”可能性，“impetus”動力、推動力，“rupture”破裂、裂開，“emergence”出現(xiàn)。因此，答案為A。35.參考答案：D[解析]句意：阿爾弗雷德·E·史密斯1928年競選總統(tǒng)失敗后再也沒有從政。never放于句首，句子需部分倒裝。A沒有倒裝，B句法不通，C句法不通，只有D符合語法要求。36.參考答案：C[解析]句意：這些建筑最容易識別的特點就是龐大。massiveness：龐大。A：混亂。B：熟練。C：龐大。D：可愛。37.參考答案：B[解析]句意：一旦開始，一系列的連鎖反應(yīng)就會持續(xù)下來，而不會受到外界影響。A：havingorseemingtohavenoendorlimit無窮盡的，無止境的；無限的。B：added，extra，orsupplementarytowhatisalreadypresentoravailable另外的，附加的，額外的，更多的。C：中斷的，阻礙的，遮斷的，打斷的，打擾的。D：largeenoughtobemeasured；noticeable；definite可測出的；明白可見的；明確的。38.參考答案：obtainsth.bymakinggreateffort39.參考答案：with[解析]句意：對心理學(xué)家而言，他們的任務(wù)就是要決定使用表示類屬的陽性名詞和代詞會不會讓人們想到男性形象而不包括女性形象。因此，這里填入with，構(gòu)成withtheexclusionof短語，表示“不包括、排除”的意思，與后面的women一起構(gòu)成對前images的定語。40.參考答案：B：throughout→through[解析]through通過、穿過；throughout到處。41.參考答案：B：helped→hashelped[解析]since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句要求用現(xiàn)在完成時。42.參考答案：C[解析]句意：愛與恨雖然是原始情緒的兩個極端，但是即使是在最仁慈的人身上也會有或多或少的體現(xiàn)?！癰rackish”有鹽味的、討厭的，“sylvan”森林的、樹木的、鄉(xiāng)村的，“beneficent”仁慈的、慈愛的，“defunct”已故的、不在的、無效的。答案為C。43.參考答案：please[解析]句意：演出從一開始就一直在取悅觀眾。pleasesb.：使……滿意，取悅……44.參考答案：D[解析]TheProtestantEthicandtheSpiritofCapitalismisabookwrittenbyMaxWeber,aGermansociologist,economist,andpolitician.Inthebook,WeberwrotethatcapitalisminnorthernEuropeevolvedwhentheProtestant(particularlyCalvinist)ethicinfluencedlargenumbersofpeopletoengageinworkinthesecularworld,developingtheirownenterprisesandengagingintradeandtheaccumulationofwealthforinvestment.Inotherwords,theProtestantethicwasaforcebehindanunplannedanduncoordinatedmassactionthatinfluencedthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Thisideaisalsoknownas"theWeberthesis".Weber,however,rejecteddeterministicapproaches,andpresentedtheProtestantEthicasmerelyoneinanumberof'electiveaffinities'leadingtowardcapitalistmodernity.45.參考答案：D[解析]句意：中國神話中最受尊敬的神是龍，龍在古代敬神儀式中扮演著非常重要的角色。revere：toregardwithawe，deference，anddevotion尊敬、敬畏、帶著敬畏、尊敬及熱愛對待。revered是指受到尊敬的、深受熱愛的。選項A：對神靈感到懼怕的，B：被渴望追求的，C：受到理性的尊重的，D：出于敬畏的尊崇。46.參考答案：D[解析]句意：中國人習(xí)慣享用美食，不僅是美食家，人人如此。A：企業(yè)界大亨、巨頭，B：年長者、老人，C：貪吃者、暴食者，D：美食家。47.參考答案：A[解析]句意：如果可能我當(dāng)時就來看你了，但是我當(dāng)時太忙了。本題考查的是虛擬語氣，對過去的虛擬，主句用的