2023年自考類英語自考英語寫作基礎(chǔ)題庫

2023年自考類英語自考英語寫作基礎(chǔ)題庫卷I一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Thefarmershadgottheland,thelawswerechangedbythem.2.Writealetterofcomplaintsaccordingtothefollowingsituation:You(LiuDan)boughtanairconditionerinSunAppliancesandhaditinstalledtheotherday,butyoufoundthatthefanmadetoomuchnoisewhenthemachineoperated.Youdemandthestoretosendarepresentativetocheckitup.Inyourletter,providethespecificdefectsoftheairconditioner,thedateofpurchase,theserialnumberofitandthewaytocontactyou.(150～200words)3.OrdinaryPeopleisamovieabouttheproblemsfacedbyafamily.Beforethefilmopens,oneoftheteenagesonshasdrownedinaboatingaccident.Theothersonat-temptedsuicideandwashospitalized.Unabletoforgetherdeadsonthemotherhasdifficultycommunicatingwithhersurvivingchild.Thislackofcommunicationeventuallyleadstothebreakofthefamily.TheUScoastGuardofferscoursesinboatingsafetythathelptopreventaccidents.4.IneverthoughtIwoulddiefirstpeoplebelievewomenlivelongerthanmen.5.Lakeyisthemostbeautifuloneofthegroupofgirls.Sheisalsothemostintelligentandthemostresourcefuloneofthem.(sentencewithparallelstructure)6.CharlottelovedthemovieGonewiththeWind,butLydehatedit.Hischiefobjectionbeingthatitlastedfourhours.7.HowmuchthereistolearnandhowmuchIdon'tyetknowisoneofthemostimportantthingsI'velearned.(periodicsentence)8.IntheUnitedStates,thelegalagetodrinkalcoholistwenty-one.Twenty-oneisoneofthehighestintheworld.(sentencewithanounphrase)9.Hehatedeveningself-studyclasses.Theroadtoschoolwaslong.Therewerenolightsliningtheroad.(compound-complexsentence)10.Wearewateringthetrees.Wedon'thaveanyrainforamonth.(compoundsentence)11.Thestorywasinteresting.Itwasnotbelievable.(complexsentence)12.Theexperimentwasafailure,therefore,wemuststartoveragain.13.ChoosethebesttopicsentencefromthegroupbelowbywritingA,B,CorD.A.Icollectrarebooks.B.Collectingrarebooksismoresatisfyingandmoreinterestingthancollectingstamps.C.Thisbookisworthcollecting.D.SomeofthebooksIcollectcomefromafriendofmine.14.LiShizhenlivedmanycenturiesago.Hewroteafamousbook.Peoplestillrememberit.(compound-complexsentence)15.Toansweraphonecallpolitely,yourtoneofvoicemustbecarefullycontrolled.16.Foreignerscometoanothercountry.Theymaysufferfromcultureshock.(complexsentence)17.Alexissmart.Heshouldbeabletopasstheexamwiththehighestscores.(compoundsentence)18.Becausehesaidnothingdoesnotmeanthatheagreedtoyourproposals.19.Theteacherassignedthehomeworktothestudentsthatwastoodifficult.20.Itbegantoshakenoticeablyassoonastheplaneliftedofftherunway.(periodicsentence)21.Whentheymeetafteryearsofseparation,oldfriendsareoftenshockedandembarrassed.(loosesentence)22.Pleasegivetheseclothestothosepeople.Whoaredeepintrouble.23.Writealettertoyourfriendaccordingtothefollowingsituation:You(Weiping)haven'theardfromyourfriend(Zhijie)sincetheSARSoutbreak.YoutellhimorheraboutyourselfandthegeneralsituationinBeijingduringthatperiod.SinceBeijingwastakenoffthelistofSARS-infectedareas,thingshavegraduallycomebacktonormal.Youwouldencouragehimorhertocomeforavisitinautumn,asitisthebestseasonoftheyear.(150～200words)24.IwanteithertostudyEnglishorstudyworldhistory.25.Theshuttersareclosedtightlytokeepcool.Itisburningheatoutside.(compoundsentence)26.ShegotamedalintheOlympicGames,accordingtoChinaDailyreports.(periodicsentence)27.Choosethebesttopicsentencefromthegroupbelow.Writetheletterofyourchoiceintheblankprovided.

A.Everymorning,weheartheshoutsoftheforestrangersechoinginthemountains.

B.Weseewomenandyounggirlswashingclothesandvegetablesbytheriver.

C.Thepeopleinmynativetownarelivingasimpleandpeacefullife.

D.Farmersareworkingwithhoesandploughsinthefields.

Answer:______28.11.

A.Thebranchesaregrowingoverthebackfence.B.Thebackyardneedsalotofwork.C.Thetreesneedbrimming.D.Somebranchesarecoveringthetelephonelines.29.TopicSentence:______

Attheturnofthecenturywe'refacedwithmanyproblems,socialandeconomical,ofwhichenvironmentalpollutionmightbethemostcriticalandvital.Everydaywhenwelookup,theskyissadlygray.Themomentwewalkonthepavementorrideabikeinthestreet,wewillsmellthestronglythickgasemittedoutofcarsandtrucks,alongwithmuchterriblenoise.EachtimeweturnonTV,acoupleofbadnewsaboutglobalwarmthandacidrainswillflowintoourears.Ourearth,asasinglehomelandweareabletocountonnow,issufficientlyerodedbyairandlandpollution.A.We'refacedwithmanyseriousproblems.B.Itishightimeforushumanbeingstoprotectourownhomeland,theearth.C.Airpollutionisbecomingincreasinglyserious.D.Wemustprotectourlandfromerosion.30.Lasershavefoundwidespreadapplicationinmedicine.Lasersplayanimportantroleinthetreatmentofeyediseaseandthepreventionofblindness.Theeyeisideallysuitedforlasersurgery.Mostoftheeyetissueistransparent.Thefrequencyandfocusofthelaserbeamcanbeadjustedaccordingtotheabsorptionofthetissue.Actuallythecommonpeoplecanhardlytellwhowasthefirsttodiscoverlasers.Thebeam"cuts"insidetheeyewithminimaldamagetothesurroundingtissue—eventhetissuebetweenthelaserandtheincision.Lasersareeffectiveintreatingsomecausesofblindness.Othertreatmentsarenot.Theinteractionbetweenlaserlightandeyetissueisnotfullyunderstood.31.IwantneitheryoursympathynordoIwantyourpity.(sentencewithparallelstructure)32.Readthefollowingparagraphandunderlinethetopicsentence.

Wenowhave,asaresultofmodernmeansofcommunication,hundredsofthousandsofwordsflungatusdaily.Weareconstantlybeingtalkedat,byteachers,preachers,salesmen,publicofficials,andmotion-picturesoundtracks.Thecriesofadvertiserspursueusintoourveryhomes,thankstotheradio—andinsomehousestheradioisneverturnedofffrommorningtonight.Dailythenewsboybringsus,inlargecities,fromthirtytofiftyenormouspagesofprint,andalmostthreetimesthatamountonSunday.Wegooutandgetmorewordsatbookstoresandlibraries.Inthismodernworld,wordsfillourlives,33.Wehaveallusedphysicaldatabasessinceourgrammarschooldays.Grammarschoolisknowntodayasgradeschoolorelementaryschool.Ourclassyear—books,telephonebooks,shoeboxesfullofreceiptsdocumentingvariousbillswehavepaid—thesearealldatabasesinoneformoranother,foradatabaseisnothingmorethanacollectionofinformationorganizedtoallowretrieval(取回)ofthat

informationincertainways.Anyonewhoiswellorganizedhasabetterchanceofsucceedingincollegeorinthebusinessworld.34.Choosethebesttopicsentencefromthegroupbelow.Writetheletterofyourchoiceintheblankprovided.

A.Themostcriticalelectionhappenedin1896.

B.TheGreatDepressionproducedconditionsfor1932election.

C.AbrahamLincolnwontheelectionof1860andbecamethe16thAmericanpresident.

D.America'stwo-partysystemhasexperiencedthreecriticalelections,eachofwhichaffectedthepartybalanceingovernment.

Answer:______35.Readthefollowingparagraphandunderlinethetopicsentence.

Thecentralroleofwomeninhorticultural(農(nóng)耕)societiestendstohavepoliticalandsociologicalconsequences.Itisthewomenwhoownandmanagetheirgardenplotsandpassthemontothenextgeneration.Itisthewomenwhodecidewhentheirsoilisdepletedandwherethevillageshouldmovetoclearmorefertileground.Oneofthemostinterestingaspectsofhorticulturalsocietiesisthatitisoftenwomenwhoexercisepoliticalpowerandauthorityintheirsociety.Anthropologists(人類學(xué)家)andtravellersalikepayattentiontothespecialstandingandrespectthatwomenenjoyinAustronesianculturesgenerallyandthePhilippinesinparticular.ThehonoredpositionofwomeninAustronesianandPhilippinesociety,morethanlikely,remainsalegacy(遺產(chǎn))fromtheirnotsodistant,horticulturalprehistory.36.TolearnFrenchcooking,alotofpracticeisnecessary.37.Ineversawsomanycheerful,courteousstudentsandhelpful.38.Theroutecanbechanged.Iknowseveralpeople.Theydon'tlikeanychange.(compound-complexsentence)39.Readthefollowingparagraphandunderlinethetopicsentence.

Mypoliticalopponenthasnotkeptanyofhispromisestothevoters.Hesaidhewouldnotraisetaxes,andhedid.Hesaidhewouldnotopposeourmunicipalbondissue,andhedid.Furthermore,hesaidhewouldnotincreasethesalaryofhispersonalstaff,andhehas.Ontheotherhand,thereweretwothingshedidnotdothatdesperatelyneededdoing.Hedidnotrepairthepotholesinourcitystreets,andhedidnotbuildanextensionontoourlocalretirementhome.Heobviouslycannotbetrusted.40.Themeetinghadalreadystartedwhenhearrived.(periodicsentence)41.Inthecontract,therearetoomanyifs.(loosesentence)42.JimboughthiswifeaChristmasgift.Hedidn'ttellherbeforehand.(sentencewithamodifyingphrase)43.Thehousehadbeenburglarized.Smithcouldn'tsleepsoundlyforseveralmonths.(complexsentence)44.Readthefollowingparagraphandunderlinethetopicsentence.

Wenowhave,asaresultofmodernmeansofcommunication,hundredsofthousandsofwordsflungatusdaily.Weareconstantlybeingtalkedat,byteachers,preachers,salesmen,publicofficials,andmotion-picturesoundtracks.Thecriesofadvertiserspursueusintoourveryhomes,thankstotheradio—andinsomehousestheradioisneverturnedofffrommorningtonight.Dailythenewsboybringsus,inlargecities,fromthirtytofiftyenormouspagesofprint,andalmostthreetimesthatamountonSunday.Wegooutandgetmorewordsatbookstoresandlibraries.Inthismodernworld,wordsfillourlives,45.Thefarmershadgottheland,thelawswerechangedbythem.46.ThemostvitaldifferencebetweenMuslimsinAmericaandtheirbrothersinEuropeistheU.S.enduringemphasisonreligiousliberty.ReligionisgivenfarmorerespectintheU.S.thaninEurope.Thinkaboutit.TheU.S.isinthemidstofaresentfuldebateoverimmigrationinwhichmanyAmericansreject"hyphenated(帶連字符的)identities"likeMexican-Americanasathreattonationalunity.YetwhileProtestant,CatholicandJewishAmericansmaydisagreestronglyamongthemselves,thereligiousbasisoftheiridentityisnotseriouslyquestionedbyanyone.IfMuslimAmericansarenotsoreadilyacceptedtoday,itisnotbecausetheyarebelievers.InEurope,bycontrast,Muslimsareresentedandmarginalizedpreciselybecausetheirreligionthreatensstrongsecular(世俗的)values.47.Readthefollowingparagraphandunderlinethetopicsentence.

Theveryactofsteppingoutsideofyourcomfortzoneiscriticaltoyoursuccess.Ourbrainsarewiredsuchthatit'sdifficulttotakeactionuntilwefeelatleastsomestressanddiscomfort.Infact,performancepeakswhenwe'rewelloutofourcomfortzone.Ifyou'retoocomfortable,yourperformancesuffersfrominaction;ifyoumovetoofaroutsideofyourcomfortzone,youmeltdownfromstress.Steppingoutsideofyourcomfortzonemakesyoubetter,anditdoesn'thavetobesomethingasextremeasclimbingMountEverest.It'stheeverydaychallengesthatpushyourboundariesthemost,noneofwhichrequireaflighttoNepal.Justembracethesechallengessincenoonehaseveraccomplishedanythingremarkablewhencomfortable.48.TopicSentence:______

Untiltheearly1960s,mostpeoplereportedgettingmorenewsfromnewspapersthanfromanyothersource.Bythemid-1960s,televisionnudged(輕推)outnews-papersasthepublic'smajorsourceofnews.Bythe1980s,abouttwo-thirdsofthepubliccitedtelevisionastheirnewssource,comparedwithlessthanone-halfwhonamednewspapersandlessthanone-fifthwhoreliedonradio.Notonlyistelevisionthepublic'smostimportantsourceofnewsnow,buttelevisionnewsisalsoratedasmoretrustworthythannewspapernews—byamarginofmorethan2to1.A.Virtuallyallcitizensrelyonthemassmediafornews.B.Onlyaverysmallnumberofthepublicreliedontheradiofornews.C.Thepublicgotnewsmainlyfromnewspapersbeforetheearly1960s.D.Televisionnowhasbecomethemostpopularandtrustworthysourceofnews.49.Jackappliedforajob.Hewentforaninterview.Hewashired.(parallelstructure)50.Choosethebesttopicsentencefromthefouroptionsbelow.WritethecorrespondingletterofyourchoiceontheAnswerSheet.A.Somepoliticalpartieshaveadoptedanimalstorepresentthem.B.Carsaregivenanimalnamestomakeconsumersassociatethemwithspeedandgrace.C.Manyprofessionalsportsteams,suchastheTigersandRams,havechosenanimalnamestosuggestpower.D.Manypeopleintheworldholdanimalsinsuchhighregardthattheyuseanimals'namesfortheirorganizationsandproducts.卷I參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：Thefarmershadgottheland,andthelawswerechangedbythem.[解析]本題同樣考查串句的修改。可采取增加連接詞使前后成為并列句的方法改正。2.參考答案：Oct.20,2004

DearSir:

Iamawareofyourreputationforqualityproductsplusreliability;consequently,Idonothesitatetowritetoyou.

IpurchasedanairconditionerinyourstoreonFebruary14andhaditinstalledyester-day.Unfortunately,theinstallationwascompletebeforeIfoundthatthefanmadealotofnoise.Iwonderifthisairconditionerisadefectiveone.TheserialnumberoftheairconditionerisT53278004;enclosedhereisacopyofthereceipt.

Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldsendarepresentativeheretocheckitup.Tofixatime,pleasecallmeathomeafter5:30p.m.atthephonenumberof5659776.ItrustIshallhearfromyousoon.

Verytrulyyours,

LiuDan[解析]本文要求寫一封抱怨信，抱怨信的內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：(1)具體說明所發(fā)生的問題以及給寫信人造成的影響；(2)要求采取補(bǔ)救措施解決問題。寫抱怨信時(shí)要有理有據(jù)，應(yīng)避免便用粗魯和嘲諷的言辭。

Someusefulexpressions:

(1)Iamawareofyourreputationforqualityproductsplusreliability,consequently,Idonothesitatetowritetoyou.

(2)Ipurchased(Ibought)...inyourstoreon...

(3)Somethingwaswrong/Therewassomethingwrongwithit.

(4)Itsserialnumberis

(5)Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldsendarepresentative/workerheretocheckitup.

(6)I'msureIshallhearfromyousoon,3.參考答案：TheUScoastGuardofferscoursesinboatingsafetythathelptopreventaccidents.[解析]這段話主要介紹電影《普通人》的內(nèi)容以及電影反映的主題。但是文章的最后一句“TheUScoastCuard...”卻講的是美國海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)隊(duì)員教人們在翻船事件中如何救生，與電影內(nèi)容無關(guān)。所以這句話應(yīng)該與段落內(nèi)容無關(guān)。4.參考答案：IneverthoughtIwoulddiefirst.Peoplebelievewomenlivelongerthanmen.//IneverthoughtIwoulddiefirst,for/aspeoplebelievewomenlivelongerthanmen.//IneverthoughtIwoulddiefirst;peoplebelievewomenlivelongerthanmen.[解析]本題考查串句的修改。串句的修改有三種方法：(1)將其分成兩個(gè)句子。(2)用連詞連接兩個(gè)句子，連詞前加逗號。題目中兩個(gè)雜糅的句子之間為因果關(guān)系，后一句表示原因，故可以用連詞for或as將兩個(gè)句子連接在一起。(3)使用分號連接兩個(gè)句子。5.參考答案：Lakeyisthemostbeautiful，themostintelligent,andthemostresourcefuloneofthegroupofgirls.[解析]考查的是把兩個(gè)單句組合成一個(gè)含有并列結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。本題第二個(gè)單句中的形容詞和第一句中的定語修飾同一個(gè)中心語，因此可把第二句中的形容詞歸并到第一句中作定語。6.參考答案：CharlottelovedthemovieGonewiththeWind,butLydehatedit.Hischiefobjectionwasthatitlastedfoorhours.[解析]本題考查的是破句的修改。這是一個(gè)由-ing分詞引起的破句。當(dāng)-ing分詞處于一組詞的首位或靠近首位時(shí)就有可能出現(xiàn)破句，這樣的句子缺少主語或謂語動(dòng)詞的一部分；改正這類破句的方法有三個(gè)：(1)將破句與其前或其后的句子連接起來，使意思完整；(2)增添主句，把-ing部分變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞的正確形式；(3)把being改為be的恰當(dāng)形式。所以在此句中需要把being改為正確形式was。7.參考答案：OneofthemostimportantthingsI'velearnedishowmuchthereistolearnandhowmuchIdon'tyetknow.[解析]原句是一個(gè)不包含修飾語的句子，但并不是說它不包含次要觀點(diǎn)。對于不包含修飾語(狀語)的句子，主要觀點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)在主語和謂語上，次要觀點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)在賓語或表語上。本題即是如此。在改為掉尾句時(shí)將表語前置即可。8.參考答案：IntheUnitedStates,thelegalagetodrinkalcoholistwenty-one,oneofthehighestintheworld.[解析]考查的是把句子改寫為含名詞短語的句子。本題只需將第二句中主語和謂語去掉，剩下的部分就構(gòu)成了一個(gè)名詞短語，然后將此短語通過逗號與前句連接即可。9.參考答案：Hehatedeveningself-studyclassesbecausetheroadtoschoolwaslongandtherewerenolightsliningtheroad.[解析]首先來看譯文，他很討厭晚上的自習(xí)課。去學(xué)校的路太長了。路上沒有燈。原句是三個(gè)簡單句，它們各自有一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，要求把他們變成并列復(fù)合句。并列復(fù)合句指一個(gè)句子既含有并列關(guān)系，又含復(fù)合關(guān)系。并列句可由and，but，or，nor，so，for，或yet等并列連詞連接，而復(fù)合句則由when，after，since等從屬連詞連接。做這類題的關(guān)鍵，就是根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系，來確定這些連詞。根據(jù)句意，后兩句是第一句的原因，用because連接，而nolights和long之間是并列關(guān)系，用and連接。10.參考答案：Wearewateringthetrees,forwedon'thaverainforamonth.[解析]此題要求把句子改寫成并列句，并列句是由兩個(gè)以上的簡單句合并而成的句子，它的合并方式通常是由逗號加一個(gè)連接詞(and,but,for,nor,or,so,yet)，或由句子銜接詞、分號來連接兩個(gè)分句。前后兩個(gè)句子不分主從，重量相當(dāng)。根據(jù)這兩句話的意思，可以判斷出這兩句話之間是因果關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)選用表因果關(guān)系的并列連詞for來連接前后兩個(gè)句子。11.參考答案：Althoughthestorywasinteresting,itwasnotbelievable.[解析]第1句譯為“這個(gè)故事很精彩”。第2句譯為“它令人難相信”。前后兩句話存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞有although，but等，although一般置于句首。12.參考答案：Theexperimentwasafailure;therefore,wemuststartoveragain.[解析]這是一個(gè)串句，屬于串句中的逗號割裂句。Therefore前后是兩個(gè)完整的句子，所以改正方法可以是用分號，在兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的概念之間使用分號，這是句意和語氣的停頓，并非一句話的結(jié)束。使用分號后，仍是一個(gè)句子，但句意有停頓，所以句意清晰，不會(huì)讓人困惑。13.參考答案：B[解析]A項(xiàng)概括過于寬泛；C、D兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容則過于狹窄，故只有B最合適。14.參考答案：LiShizhenlivedmanycenturiesago,andhewroteafamouslookwhichpeoplestillremember.[解析]本題考查把若干句子組合成并列復(fù)合句。題目共三個(gè)句子，其中前兩個(gè)句子具有并列關(guān)系，故可用and連接構(gòu)成并列句。第三句是對第二句中“book”的補(bǔ)充，可轉(zhuǎn)換成其定語從句。15.參考答案：Toansweraphonecallpolitely,youmustcontrolyourtoneofvoicecarefully.[解析]本題屬于垂懸修飾語引起的病句，修改時(shí)應(yīng)找出該不定式的隱含主語。toanswer這樣一個(gè)動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)者應(yīng)為隱含主語you而不是yourtoneofvoice，所以修改時(shí)可將句子的主語做適當(dāng)改變。16.參考答案：Whenforeignerscometoanothercountry,theymaysufferfromcultureshock.[解析]本題考查將句子改寫為復(fù)合句。題目中第一句句首添加連接詞“when”，將首句轉(zhuǎn)換成時(shí)間狀語從句，與后句一起組成復(fù)合句。17.參考答案：Alexissmart,soheshouldbeabletopasstheexamswiththehighestscores.[解析]本題考查把句子改寫成并列句。并列句的合并方式通常是由逗號加一個(gè)連接詞(and，but，for，nor，or，so，yet)，或由分號來連接兩個(gè)分句。前后兩個(gè)句子不分主從，分量相當(dāng)。18.參考答案：Hesaidnothingdoesnotmeanthatheagreedtoyourproposals.[解析]這道題的錯(cuò)誤出在作主語的從句用連詞引導(dǎo)了。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞不能用作主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。所以在改正時(shí)只需刪除連詞because即可。19.參考答案：Theteacherassignedthestudentsthehomeworkthatwastoodifiqcult./Theteacherassignedthehomeworkthatwastoodifficulttothestudents.[解析]此題是修飾語錯(cuò)置引起的病句。修飾語可以是單詞、詞組、從句，也可以是句子。為避免修飾語錯(cuò)置，修飾語和被修飾的詞要盡量靠近。此題中，“thatwastoodifficult”離“thestudents”最近，看來似乎是在修飾它，但前者并不能修飾后者，而應(yīng)該修飾“thehomework”，所以“thatwastoodifficult”應(yīng)與“thehomework”放在一起。20.參考答案：Assoonastheplaneliftedofftherunway,itbegantoshakenoticeably.[解析]此題要求把松散句改為掉尾句，即把句子最關(guān)鍵的東西移至句尾。21.參考答案：Oldfriendsareoftenshockedandembarrassedwhentheymeetafteryearsofseparation.[解析]此題要求把掉尾句改為松散句，即把句子里主要思想或要說的東西從句尾移到句首。22.參考答案：Pleasegivetheseclothestothosepeoplewhoaredeepintrouble.[解析]本題考查修飾語錯(cuò)置引起的病句。本題可把后面的從句與其前的主句直接連接起來合并成一個(gè)句子。23.參考答案：July23,2007

DearZhijie,

Ihaven'theardfromyousincetheSARSoutbreak.Duringthatperiod,mostschoolswereclosedandmytrainingclasswasalsostopped.Wewereadvisedtostaywherewewereandtokeepawayfrompublicplaces.Trans-provincialtravelwasdiscouraged.Itwasaveryimportantandeffectivemeasuretakenbythegovernmenttokeepthediseasefromspreading.

SinceBeijingwasremovedfromthelistofSARS'infectedareasinlateJune,everythinghasgraduallycomebacktonormal.Peoplearetravelingagain.IrememberonceyoutoldmeyouwouldliketocometoBeijingforavisit.Ifyouhavesometimeatyourdisposallaterthisyear,IwouldencourageyoutocomeinOctober,asthisisthebestseasoninBeijing.Ifyoucome,Icouldbeyourguide.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourfamily.Takecareandstayintouch!

Sincerelyyours,

Weiping[解析]本文要求寫一封問候信，屬于私人信件。問候信件一般應(yīng)包括：(1)對友人的思念；(2)對朋友的關(guān)心；(3)介紹自己周圍的情況；(4)邀請友人做客；(5)祝福語。

Usefulexpressions:

(1)Ihaven'theardfromyousincetheSARSoutbreak.

(2)Howareyougettingonwithyourself?

(3)BeijinghasbeenremovedfromthelistofSARS'infectedareas.

(4)IsuggestyoutocometoBeijinginautumn,forit'sthebestseasoninBeijing.

(5)Hopetohearfromyousoon!24.參考答案：IwanttostudyeitherEnglishorworldhistory.[解析]此句錯(cuò)誤出在并列連詞的使用上。并列連詞(如either...or；neither...nor；notonly...butalso；both...and)連接的前后兩個(gè)部分必須具有相同對稱的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，在此題中，連詞either...or前后連接的兩個(gè)成分“tostudyEnglish”和“studyworldhistory”語法結(jié)構(gòu)不同，因此要把后面詞組改為不定式詞組，以達(dá)到平行對稱效果。25.參考答案：Theshuttersareclosedtightlytokeepcool,foritisburningheatoutside./Itisburningheatoutside,sotheshuttersareclosedtightlytokeepcool.[解析]首先來看譯文：百葉窗被關(guān)得嚴(yán)嚴(yán)實(shí)實(shí)地，以使屋里保持涼爽，外面太陽烤得挺熱的。分析這兩句話可知，它們之間是因果關(guān)系，所以被他們變?yōu)椴⒘芯鋾r(shí)可用并列連詞for或so。26.參考答案：AccordingtoChinaDailyreports,shegotamedalintheOlympicCames.[解析]此題要求把松散句改寫為掉尾句，即把句子里主要思想或要說的東西從句首移到句尾。27.參考答案：C[解析]主題句的作用是概括一個(gè)段落的中心意思，所以往往是一個(gè)表示一般概念的句子。范圍太大或者太小，都會(huì)使作者無法展開段落，必須要通過某些限制性的詞語將內(nèi)容范圍限制到一定程度，因此主題句應(yīng)包括主題和限制詞語。此題主要考查的是主題句的范圍。選項(xiàng)A，B，D所選用的主題范圍都太小，根本無法展開來描述，尤其是B，D選項(xiàng)，描述的是人物的具體動(dòng)作，就更無法作為主題句展開了。選項(xiàng)C范圍適中，作者可以接下來描述家鄉(xiāng)的生活是如何簡樸寧靜。答案為C。28.參考答案：B[解析]主題句的作用是概括一個(gè)段落的中心意思，所以往往是一個(gè)表示一般概念的句子。范圍太大或者太小，都會(huì)使作者無法展開段落，必須要通過某些限制性的詞語將內(nèi)容范圍限制到一定程度，因此主題句應(yīng)包括主題和限制詞語。此題主要考查的是主題句的范圍。此題比較簡單，因?yàn)锳、C、D選項(xiàng)都屬于范圍過窄，無法展開描述，只有B選項(xiàng)可以展開描述花園里都需要哪些工作。29.參考答案：B[解析]這段話主要是描述我們在世紀(jì)之交面臨的一系列問題，尤其是環(huán)境污染問題。接下來講的主要是環(huán)境污染都表現(xiàn)在哪些方面，給我們的生活帶來了什么樣的影響。選項(xiàng)A不正確的原因是因?yàn)檫@句話的范圍太大，我們面臨很多嚴(yán)峻的問題，在對這樣的主題句展開時(shí)不可能只描述環(huán)境問題。C、D選項(xiàng)都只說明了環(huán)境問題的一個(gè)方面，不全面。30.參考答案：Actuallythecommonpeoplecanhardlytellwhowasthefirsttodiscoverlasers.[解析]通讀全段以后可以了解到這段話主要是講激光在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，尤其是在治療眼病方面的應(yīng)用。全段的支持句多是論述激光在治療眼病方面的優(yōu)勢，只有“Actuallythecommonpeoplecan...”這句話講“人們很難說出是誰首先發(fā)現(xiàn)了激光”與本段的主題無關(guān)。31.參考答案：Iwantneitheryoursympathynoryourpity.//NeitherdoIwantyoursympathynordoIwantyourpity.[解析]本題要求把句子改寫為含平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。分析題目可知，want一詞的兩個(gè)賓語，即“yoursympathy”和“yourpity”可作為并列成分組成平行結(jié)構(gòu)。另外本題也可采用倒裝句的平行結(jié)構(gòu)，即neither一詞置于句首，形成NeitherdoI…nordoI…的倒裝平行結(jié)構(gòu)。32.參考答案：Inthismodernworld,wordsfillourlives.[解析]段落主題句體現(xiàn)的是整個(gè)段落的中心思想，是整個(gè)段落中最具有概括性的一句話，它可以位于段首、段尾或段中。放在段尾的主題句，通常還有對前面所述內(nèi)容作總結(jié)的作用。最后一句表明，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，我們的生活中充滿了言語。前面幾句講的都是事實(shí)，是例證，都圍繞這個(gè)主題展開。故最后一句是本段的主題句。33.參考答案：Wehaveallusedphysicaldatabasessinceourgrammarschooldays.Grammarschoolisknowntodayasgradeschoolorelementaryschool.Ourclassyear-books,telephonebooks,shoeboxesfullofreceiptsdocumentingvariousbillswehavepaid-thesearealldatabasesinoneformoranother,foradatabaseisnothingmorethanacollectionofinformationorganizedtoallowretrieval(取回)ofthatinformationincertainways.Anyonewhoiswellorganizedhasabetterchanceofsucceedingincollegeorinthebusinessworld.[解析]統(tǒng)一性：即所寫的文章緊扣主題。統(tǒng)一性要求作者切記文章的題目和寫作目標(biāo)，寫出的句子都必須為中心思想服務(wù)。任何與段落的中心思想相矛盾的句子，內(nèi)容，無論其表達(dá)如何完美，都應(yīng)該毫不吝惜的予以刪除，以確保該段落的統(tǒng)一性。本段落的主題句是Wehaveallusedphysicaldatabasessinceourgrammarschooldays.其中，Wehaveallusedphysicaldatabases是subject.這就要求所有各句都必須圍繞Wehaveallusedphysicaldatabases而展開。在原題中，Grammarschoolisknowntodayasgradeschoolorelementaryschool.Anyonewhoiswellorganizedhasabetterchanceofsucceedingincollegeorinthebusinessworld.兩句話與主題句無關(guān)，打破了段落的統(tǒng)一性。因此要將之刪去。34.參考答案：D[解析]主題句的作用是概括一個(gè)段落的中心意思，所以往往是一個(gè)表示一般概念的句子。范圍太大或太小，都會(huì)使作者無法展開段落，必須通過某些限制性詞語將內(nèi)容范圍限制到一定程度，因此主題句應(yīng)包括主題和限制性詞語。選項(xiàng)A、B和C都很具體，句中關(guān)鍵詞覆蓋范圍太小，這樣下面的支持句將無法展開。選項(xiàng)D既講明了主題America'stwo-partysystem，又有能夠控制段落發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵詞threecriticalelections和affectthepartybalance。答案為D。35.參考答案：Thecentralroleofwomeninhorticultural(農(nóng)耕)societiestendstohavepoliticalandsociologicalconsequences.Itisthewomenwhoownandmanagetheirgardenplotsandpassthemontothenextgeneration.Itisthewomenwhodecidewhentheirsoilisdepletedandwherethevillageshouldmovetoclearmorefertileground.Oneofthemostinterestingaspectsofhorticulturalsocietiesisthatitisoftenwomenwhoexercisepoliticalpowerandauthorityintheirsociety.Anthropologists(人類學(xué)家)andtravellersalikepayattentiontothespecialstandingandrespectthatwomenenjoyinAustronesianculturesgenerallyandthePhilippinesinparticular.ThehonoredpositionofwomeninAustronesianandPhilippinesociety,morethanlikely,remainsalegacy(遺產(chǎn))fromtheirnotsodistant,horticulturalprehistory.[解析]本段主題句是第一句。其意思是：農(nóng)耕社會(huì)的女性所扮演的主要角色會(huì)留下政治和社會(huì)影響。其余句子分別說明了女性角色的重要性及其政治、社會(huì)影響。36.參考答案：TolearnFrenchcooking,youneedalotofpractice.//TolearnFrenchcooking,oneneedsalotofpractice.[解析]本題考查垂懸修飾語的修改。題目中垂懸修飾語為不定式短語，其邏輯主語為人，而句子的主語“alotofpractice”為物，這里應(yīng)將句子的主語改為人，同時(shí)necessary一詞可由need一詞體現(xiàn)，作謂語。主語可由you或one充當(dāng)。37.參考答案：Ineversawsomanycheerful,couscousandhelptulstudents.[解析]本題考查的是修飾語錯(cuò)置所致病句的修改。題目中helpful一詞應(yīng)和cheerful和courteous一起作students的定語。38.參考答案：Theroutecanbechanged,butIknowseveralpeoplewhodon'tlikeanychange.[解析]本題包含三個(gè)單句，其中前兩句可構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，而第三小句可作第二小句中“people”的定語從句。這樣也就構(gòu)成了并列復(fù)合句。39.參考答案：Mypoliticalopponenthasnotkeptanyofhispromisestothevoters.Hesaidhewouldnotraisetaxes,andhedid;Hesaidhewouhlnotopposeourmunicipalbondissu