2023年自考類英語自考外語教學(xué)法歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年自考類英語自考外語教學(xué)法歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.NameatleastfivetechniquesaDirectMethodteacherusuallyuses.2.Theinputhypothesisinvolvesfourmainissues.Whatarethey?3.WhattechniquesoftheDirectMethoddoyouthinkareusefulinmodernlanguageteaching?4.TheAudiolingualMethoduses______asthemainformoflanguagepresentationanddrillsasthemaintrainingtechniques.5.IncollaborationwithMichaelWestandotherspecialists,Palmerproduceda______totheEnglishvocabularyforEFLteaching.6.HaroldPalmerandA.S.Hornby,twopioneersoftheOralApproach,werefamiliarbutdissatisfiedwiththe______Method.A.Grammar-TranslationB.DirectC.CommunicativeD.Audiolingual7.WhatarethethreeaffectivefactorsassociatedwiththesuccessinsecondlanguageacquisitionaccordingtoKrashen'smonitortheory?8.WhataretheteachingobjectivesoftheGrammar-TranslationMethod?9.ColumnA:linguists

①N.Chomsky

②B.Brunner

③J.Piaget

④D.Ausubel

⑤G.Kelly

ColumnB:contributiontotheCognitiveApproach

a.schematheory

b.discoverymethod

c.transformationalgenerativegrammar

d.meaningfulverballearningandadvanceorganizers

e.distinctionbetweenmeaningfulandmeaninglesslearningactivities10.HenryWiddowsonfocusedonthecommunicativeactsunderlyingtheabilitytouselanguagefordifferentpurposeswithhis______betweenappropriacyandaccuracy,communicativecompetenceandgrammaticalcompetence,useandusage.11.TheCommunicativeApproachbelievesthatlanguageisusedforcommunicationandismoreconcernedwithmeaningthanwith______.12.ColumnA:

①thetheoryoflanguageunderlyingthecommunicativeapproach

②thetheoryoflearningunderlyingthecommunicativeapproach

③oneoftheobjectivesofthecommunicativeapproach

④oneofthetechniquesofthecommunicativeapproach

⑤oneofthemainfeaturesofthecommunicativeapproach

ColumnB:

a.languagebestlearnedthroughuseinsocialcontext

b.todevelopthestudents'communicativecompetence

c.roleplay

d.functionallinguistics

e.theintroductionofauthentictextsintothelearningsituation13.AccordingtoKrashen,______isresponsibleforthefluencyoftheutterancesproducedbyspeakerswhilelearningisresponsiblefortheaccuracyofthespeechesorpassages.A.practicingB.analysingC.acquisitionD.Habit-formation14.______ideasoneducationjustifiedtheviewsonlanguageteachingwiththeDirectMethod.A.HermannPaul'sB.J.A.Comenius'C.F.Gouin'sD.W.M.Wundt's15.The______Methoddominatedforeignlanguageteachingfrommid-19thcenturytothemid-20thcentury.16.Teachersina/an______classroomareencouragedtoshowapprovalforeachandeverycorrectperformancebytheirstudents,andthedrillsaredesignedtoproducesuccessforthestudents.A.Grammar-TranslationB.SituationalC.AudiolingualD.Communicative17.Bloomfieldbelievedthatspeechwasprimaryand______wassecondary.18.Activitiesthataretrulycommunicativehavethreefeaturesincludinginformationgap,choiceand______.A.conversationB.interactionC.feedbackD.communication19.WhataretheproceduresfollowedinaCognitiveApproachclassroom?20.WhatarethemaindisadvantagesoftheGrammar-TranslationMethod?21.TheOralApproachisthefirsttoestablish______principlesforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguage.22.Thenaturalorderhypothesismeans______.A.peopleacquirelanguagerulesinapredictableorderB.languagerulesmustbetaughtinacertainorderC.languagerulesmustbelearnedinacertainorderD.peopletendtoacquiresimplerulesearlyanddifficultruleslate23.Behaviorismbelievesthatbasiclearningprocessescouldbedescribedintermsof______andresponses.24.Whatdoesthefollowingsupport,formativeassessmentorsummativeassessment?Whyorwhynot?

Self--assessmentSheet

1.IwasabletoselectastoryIaminterestedin.

2.ItriedtoguessfromthecontextwhenImetnewwordsinthestory.

3.WhenI[ailedtoguessoutthewords,IreferredtotheChineseversionforreference.

4.Iskimmedthestorytofirstfindwhatitismainlyabout.

5.Ithenreadthestorycarefully,interestedinsomeofthedetails.

6.WhenIwasrequiredtoretellacharacterIlikebestorahappeningwhichattractedmyattention,Iscannedthestoryagainforsomedetails.

7.InthediscussionwithothersIfoundthatIwasabletogettherightinformationveryquicklyasIreadinthewayIhadlearnt.

8.Iamsatisfiedwithmyreadingthistime.25.AccordingtoM.A.K.Halliday,whichofthefollowingshouldNOTbetakenintoconsiderationintermsoflinguisticevents?A.Form.B.Context.C.Substance.D.Culture.26.Traditionallinguistsbelievethatthe______formoflanguagewassuperiortothespokenformwhichwasregardedasthecorruptedformoflanguage.27.ThecoreoftheNaturalApproachislanguage______whichisconsideredasubconsciousprocess.28.Doesitalwaysmatterifthe"realworld"isnotbeingpractisedintheclassroom?Whyorwhynot?29.TheCognitiveApproachholdsthatstudents'mistakesare______inthecreativeuseoflanguage.A.usefulB.understandableC.unavoidableD.reasonable30.ThelearningtheoryofAudiolingualismisthe______,whichisanempiricallybasedapproachtothestudyofhumanbehavior.A.behavioralpsychologyB.cognitivepsychologyC.socialpsychologyD.neurologicalpsychology31.ForCandlin,themeaning______involvedinmakingchoicesanddecisionsliesattheheartofthelanguagelearningprocess.32.WhatistheprimarygoaloftheNaturalApproach?33.AccordingtotheAudiolingualMethod,languagesamplescanbe______describedatanystructurallevel.34.The______linguistsbelievedthattheprimarymediumoflanguageisoral,thatislanguageisspeech.A.structuralB.functionalC.cognitiveD.oral35.TheAudiolingualMethodprovidedsuchmaterialsforteachingEnglishasallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.English900B.LadoEnglishSeriesC.NewWorldEnglishD.SuccessWithEnglish36.Stimulus-responsetheoryoflearningbelongstoAmericanbehaviouristpsychology,ofwhich______isoneoftherepresentatives.A.BloomfieldB.Ｂ.Ｆ.SkinnerC.CharlesFriesD.NoamChomsky37.The______Approachemphasizesoninnateorganizingprinciplesinhumanperceptionandlearning.38.______competencereferstoone'sabilitytocreatecoherentwrittentextorconversationandabilitytounderstandthem.A.GrammaticalB.SociolinguisticC.DiscourseD.Strategic39.Asacomplexcognitiveskill,secondlanguageacquisitioninvolvestheprocessesofautomaticityand______.40.Themostimportantfactorthatmadecognitivepsychologydominantintheworldisthedevelopmentofthe______technology.41.ThesocialcontextoflanguageusecanbeanalyzedintermsofthreefactorsaccordingtoHalliday.Whatarethey?42.Whichofthefollowingcanhelptrainspeaking?A.Listenandfollowinstructions.B.Simonsays.C.Pairsfinding.D.Matchcaptionswithpictures.43.Chomskyholdsthepositionthatlinguistsshouldstudythe______ofthenativespeaker.A.linguisticperformanceB.linguisticcompetenceC.communicativeperformanceD.communicativecompetence44.WhatcombinationledtotheAudiolingualMethodwidelyadoptedforteachingforeignlanguages?45.______wasdevelopedbyaBulgarianpsychiatristLazanov.A.TotalPhysicalResponseB.TheSilentWayC.CommunityLanguageLearningD.Suggestopaedia46.Themonitortheory,whichisverypopularamongforeignlanguageteachersin______,wasputforwardbyStephenKrasheninthelate1970s.A.AmericaB.BritainC.ChinaD.France47.By______SchumannandAndersonmeantthatindividualsofoneculturehavetogothroughtheprocessofmodificationinattitudes,knowledge,andbehaviorinordertofunctionwellinanotherculture.48.TheBritishstructuralismconsideredthatlanguagewasidentifiedwithspeechandspeechabilitywasapproachedthroughoralpracticeof______.49.TheCognitiveApproachteachersbelievelanguagelearningis______notsimplytheformingofhabits.A.aprocessB.recognitionC.communicationD.presentation50.ChomskypublishedhisbookSyntacticStructuresin______.A.1957B.1943C.1956D.1962第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：ADirectMethodteacherusuallyusesthefollowingtechniques:(1)Directassociation;(2)Questionandanswerexercises;(3)Conversationpractice;(4)Errorcorrection;(5)Dictation;(6)Inductiveteachingofgrammar;(7)Listeningcomprehensiontasks;(8)Gradedcomposition.2.參考答案：(1)Thehypothesisrelatestoacquisition，nottolearning;

(2)Peopleacquirelanguagebestbyunderstandinginputthatisslightlybeyondtheircurrentlevelofcompetence;

(3)Theabilitytospeakfluentlycannotbetaughtdirectly;

(4)Ifthereissufficientquantityofcomprehensibleinput,i+1willusuallybeprovidedautomatically.3.參考答案：Suchteachingtechniquesasquestionandanswerexercises,dictationandconversationpracticeareusefulinmodernlanguageteaching.TheDirectMethodadvocatesthatlanguageshouldbelearnedthroughdirectassociationofformandmeaning.Itmainlyusestheteachingtechniquesabovewhicharestillwidelyusedinforeignlanguageteachingclassroomstoday.Theformsofdictationandcompounddictationappearinmanyteststoday.4.參考答案：dialogues[解析]聽說法運(yùn)用對話(dialogues)作為其語言教學(xué)的主要方式。5.參考答案：guide[解析]帕爾默和威斯特(MichaelWest)及其他一些專家共同編寫了一本英語外語教學(xué)所需的詞匯表(guide)。6.參考答案：B[解析]Palmer和Hornby認(rèn)為直接法在外語教學(xué)方面有局限性，認(rèn)為其盡管在教學(xué)步驟上面有所創(chuàng)新，但是缺乏方法論基礎(chǔ)。7.參考答案：Motivation,self-confidenceandanxietyarethethreeaffectivefactors.8.參考答案：(1)toreadandtranslateliterature

(2)tounderstandthetargetlanguage

(3)todeveloplearners'minds

(4)togainabetterunderstandingofthefirstlanguage9.參考答案：①c②b③a④d⑤e[解析]①c：喬姆斯基的轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法理論認(rèn)為，孩子天生就具有一種特殊的學(xué)習(xí)語言能力；只要讓他們生活在語言環(huán)境之中，就能學(xué)會(huì)語言，并且在不知不覺中掌握其語言規(guī)則。

②b：布魯納強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)當(dāng)自己組織知識(shí)，例如運(yùn)用發(fā)現(xiàn)法(discoverymethod)，而不是學(xué)習(xí)教師預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備好的材料。

③a：圖式理論(schematheory)是皮亞杰理論中的一個(gè)重要部分。這個(gè)詞是“對以往行為實(shí)行積極組織”(anactiveorganizationofpastaction)的一種描述，指的是過去的經(jīng)歷，即一個(gè)人儲(chǔ)存在長期記憶中的東西，在頭腦中所形成的框架。

④d：奧斯貝爾的認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)理論強(qiáng)調(diào)講解或理解吸收性學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，理論的核心是“有意義的語言學(xué)習(xí)和先期組織”(meaningfulverballearningandadvanceorganizers)。

⑤e：凱利明確區(qū)分了有意義的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)和無意義的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)。他認(rèn)為，有意義的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)是鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)者自己去理解，并使所學(xué)的新知識(shí)與已有知識(shí)相適應(yīng)并構(gòu)成新的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。10.參考答案：distinction[解析]威多森(Widdowson)認(rèn)為，語言系統(tǒng)在課文和語篇中與其交際價(jià)值之間存在密切關(guān)系。他強(qiáng)調(diào)正是由于存在著不同的交際目的才產(chǎn)生了不同的語言交際行為。他對恰當(dāng)與準(zhǔn)確、交際能力與語法能力、使用與用法等概念進(jìn)行了區(qū)分，為交際法的研究作出了貢獻(xiàn)。11.參考答案：structure[解析]交際法認(rèn)為，語言是用來交際的，因而更加重視語言的意義，而不是語言的結(jié)構(gòu)。12.參考答案：①d②a③b④c⑤e[解析]①d：交際法的語言理論(Theoryoflanguage)起源于功能主義學(xué)派，認(rèn)為語言即交際。

②a：大部分主張交際法的人士都有共同的觀點(diǎn)：語言是用來交際的，因而更重視意義，而不是結(jié)構(gòu)。他們認(rèn)為，學(xué)習(xí)語言的最佳途徑就是在社會(huì)環(huán)境的運(yùn)用中去學(xué)習(xí)。

③b：交際法總的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的交際能力(CommunicativeCompetence)，包括四方面內(nèi)容：(1)掌握語法知識(shí)和詞匯；(2)掌握話語規(guī)則知識(shí)；(3)知道如何運(yùn)用不同的言語行為；(4)知道如何恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用語言。

④c：交際法采用的教學(xué)技巧具有綜合性，常用的有利用視聽材料(Audio-videomaterials)邊聽邊做筆記、口頭報(bào)告(Oralpresentation)、課外研究項(xiàng)目(Projectwork)及角色表演/模擬(Roleplay/simulation)等。

⑤e：紐南(Nunan)將交際法的特點(diǎn)總結(jié)為五點(diǎn)：(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用目標(biāo)語學(xué)習(xí)交際。(2)在學(xué)習(xí)情境中使用真實(shí)語篇。(3)不僅重視語言而且重視學(xué)習(xí)過程自身。(4)擴(kuò)充學(xué)習(xí)者的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)。(5)將課堂學(xué)習(xí)與課外語言活動(dòng)緊密結(jié)合起來。13.參考答案：C[解析]自然法的提倡者克拉申的第二語言習(xí)得中自我監(jiān)測模式(MonitorModel)區(qū)分了獲得和使用第二語言和外語中的兩個(gè)性質(zhì)截然不同的過程，一個(gè)是“習(xí)得”(Acquisition)，另一個(gè)是“學(xué)習(xí)”(Learning)。其中習(xí)得使說話者產(chǎn)生語言表達(dá)并能流利地使用目標(biāo)語。14.參考答案：B[解析]選項(xiàng)A以保羅為代表的新語法派建立了直接法的主要的語言學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。選項(xiàng)C古文基于對兒童使用母語的觀察而創(chuàng)立的語言學(xué)和心理學(xué)理論被直接運(yùn)用于直接法的教學(xué)實(shí)踐。選項(xiàng)D馮特創(chuàng)立的現(xiàn)代心理學(xué)為直接法提供了心理學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。選項(xiàng)B科梅尼斯的教育理論也給直接法的語言教學(xué)觀提供了依據(jù)。15.參考答案：Grammar-Translation[解析]語法翻譯法主要盛行于19世紀(jì)中期到20世紀(jì)中期這段時(shí)期。16.參考答案：C[解析]斯金納認(rèn)為，在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)往往比懲罰更加有效。因此，在使用聽說法的課堂教學(xué)中，教師要對學(xué)生每一次正確的表現(xiàn)加以肯定和表揚(yáng)，要精心設(shè)計(jì)每一個(gè)句型以便學(xué)生在操練句型時(shí)盡可能少犯錯(cuò)誤，使學(xué)生有成就感。17.參考答案：writing[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)主義語言學(xué)家布魯姆菲爾德認(rèn)為口語(speech)是第一性的，而書面語(writing)是第二性的。18.參考答案：C[解析]真正具有交際性的活動(dòng)主要有三個(gè)特征：信息溝，選擇和反饋。19.參考答案：(1)introductionofnewmaterials;

(2)exercise;

(3)applicationactivities.20.參考答案：ThemaindisadvantagesoftheGrammar-TranslationMethodare:

(1)Overemphasisontranslationcanneveremancipatethelearnersfromdependenceonthefirstlanguage.

(2)Knowingalargenumberofgrammaticalrulescannotensurethatstudentscanusethemappropriatelyinrealcommunicativesituation.

(3)Itputstoomuchemphasisonreadingandwritingandneglectslisteningandspeaking.

(4)Thelanguagelearnedoftendoesn'tmeetthepracticalneedsofthelearners.

(5)Memorizinggrammarrulesandbilingualwordlistsdoesnotmotivatestudentstoactivelycommunicateinthetargetlanguage.21.參考答案：theoretical[解析]在英語語言教學(xué)歷史上，口語教學(xué)法/情景教學(xué)法首先嘗試建立理論原則(theoreticalprinciples)以發(fā)展把英語作為外語的教學(xué)法框架。這些嘗試標(biāo)志著應(yīng)用語言學(xué)的誕生。22.參考答案：A[解析]自然順序假設(shè)(thenaturalorderhypothesis)認(rèn)為，習(xí)得語言規(guī)則的順序是可以預(yù)測的，有些規(guī)則出現(xiàn)得早，有些規(guī)則出現(xiàn)得晚。這一順序的出現(xiàn)并不僅僅由形式上的簡單或復(fù)雜來確定的，而且習(xí)得語言規(guī)則的順序并不依賴語言課堂上講授規(guī)則的順序。23.參考答案：stimuli[解析]行為主義認(rèn)為語言行為和其他行為一樣，語言輸入就是刺激物(stimuli)，反應(yīng)就是學(xué)習(xí)者對語言輸入刺激的反應(yīng)(Responses)。24.參考答案：1)Itsupportsformativeassessment.

2)Itisaself-evaluationsheetandself-evaluationsheetisatechniqueofformativeassessment.

3)Fromthequestionswecanfindthattheevaluationisfocusedontheprocess,whichisthekeyfeatureofformativeassessment.

4)Theevaluationofstrategyusealsoreflectstheuseofformativeassessment.25.參考答案：D[解析]韓禮德認(rèn)為linguisticevents應(yīng)該從三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行研究：substance,formandcontext，因此排除D。26.參考答案：written[解析]傳統(tǒng)語言學(xué)認(rèn)為。書面語優(yōu)于口語，并且認(rèn)為口語是語言濫用造成的結(jié)果。27.參考答案：acquisition[解析]自然法的核心是語言習(xí)得，語言習(xí)得(acquisition)與語言學(xué)習(xí)不同，前者是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)者潛意識(shí)作用的過程。28.參考答案：Theideallanguagelearningsettingistopractiselanguageasitisusedintherealworld.However,itisnotalwayspossibletodosobecauseclassroomsettingisafteralldifferentfromtheoutsideworldnomatterhowhardwetrytosimulatethereal-worldsituation.Anditisnotalwaysnecessarytodoso.Languagelearningandlanguageteachingareconsideredatseveralstages.Atthedrillingstage,whenthefocusisonlanguageform,the"realworld"situationdoesnothavetobepractised.Butwhenthefocusisonlanguagecommunicationandlearnersareengagedincommunicativeactivities,the"real-world"situationdoesmattermuch.29.參考答案：C[解析]認(rèn)知法認(rèn)為，在創(chuàng)造性地使用外語的過程中，錯(cuò)誤是不可避免的。學(xué)習(xí)者犯的語言錯(cuò)誤是必然的，是一種正?，F(xiàn)象，它是外語學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)步的特征。30.參考答案：A[解析]聽說法的學(xué)習(xí)理論是行為心理學(xué)，認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)行為要包含刺激(stimulus)、反應(yīng)(response)和強(qiáng)化(reinforcement)三個(gè)要素，受其影響，聽說法中大量使用操練與模仿的機(jī)械化練習(xí)，培養(yǎng)語言習(xí)慣。31.參考答案：negotiation[解析]坎德林(Candlin)認(rèn)為，交際語言學(xué)習(xí)是一種高度社會(huì)化的活動(dòng)，在活動(dòng)中學(xué)習(xí)者參與協(xié)商過程之中，學(xué)習(xí)者運(yùn)用自己已掌握的知識(shí)，與其他人分享和優(yōu)化知識(shí)，并學(xué)習(xí)課程所要求掌握的內(nèi)容。這樣的意義協(xié)商必然涉及作出選擇和決定，這個(gè)協(xié)商過程就是語言學(xué)習(xí)的核心。32.參考答案：Itistodevelopbasiccommunicationskills,bothoralandwritten,andtohelpbeginnersbecomeintermediates.33.參考答案：exhaustively[解析]聽說法認(rèn)為我們可以無窮盡地(exhaustively)在任何結(jié)構(gòu)層面上描述語言。34.參考答案：A[解析]結(jié)構(gòu)主義語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為語言的基本媒介是口頭表達(dá)。35.參考答案：C[解析]聽說法被廣泛應(yīng)用于北關(guān)各高等院校的外語教學(xué)。它為大學(xué)外語教學(xué)和教材編寫提供了教學(xué)方法上的理論基礎(chǔ)。LadoEnglishSeries《拉杜英語教材》、English900《英語90