高考語法復(fù)習-非謂語動詞之動名詞

Grammar:To-infinitive&Bare-infinitive不定式

Gerund(Verbalnoun)動名詞不定式：1）作主語；2）作表語；3）作賓語；4）作賓語補足語；5）作狀語；6）作定語7）用在how,when,what,which,who,whether后面，作主表賓動名詞（動詞的-ing形式）：1）作主語；2）作表語;3）作賓語；4）作定語帶邏輯主語的不定式(Itisadj/n.)forsb/ofsbtodosth不定式的否定式nottodosth不定式的各種形式：todosth;tobedone;tobedoingtohavedone;tohavebeendone動名詞否定式：notdoingsth動名詞被動式：beingdone完成式:havingbeendone動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：one’sdoingsth動名詞否定+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu):one’snotdoingsthGerund(動名詞)形式:(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone1.Goingabroadtostudylastyearwasmyunforgettableexperience.2.Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited.3.Iregretnothavingtoldyouitearlier.4.HeforgothavingbeentakentoHongkongwhenhewas5.5.Myjobistakingcareofthegarden.6.Awalkingstickwasstandingagainstthewall.

作主語介詞賓語動詞賓語動詞賓語表語(表內(nèi)容)定語(表用途)特點：既有動詞的特點，又有名詞的特點功能：

作主語

作賓語

作表語

作定語作動詞的賓語。接-ing(動名詞)作賓語的及物動詞：諧音“賣的不是發(fā)霉咖啡”

“madpsfamecarfe”mindavoiddelaypractisesuggestfinishAdviseadmitmissescapeconsideradmitriskfancy認為，想像imagineenjoy1.同一概念的兩個動名詞作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)Gettingupearlyandgoingtobedearlyisagoodhabit.2.下列句型中常用-ing作主語Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/good+doingsthIt’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水難收)注意：There’snodenyingthatheisabrilliantscientist.There’snomistakingthathewillcomesoon.There’snoknowingwherehehasgone.There’snosayingwhatmayhappen.It’soflittlegoodstayinguplateeveryday.useless2.作介詞的賓語含介詞to

后接doing的常見詞組：sticktoobjecttobeopposedtobe/getusedtobeaccustomedtolookforwardtobedevotedtodevoteoneselftotaketobeaddictedtocome(close)to(差點就)leadtogetdownto(開始，著手)refertopayattentiontobeonthewayto

后接doing的其它常見詞組：befondofbetiredofsucceedininsistonputofffeellikegiveupbeworthbebusysetaboutstand/tolerate/bearspend/wastetime(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)haveagood/hardtime(in)can’thelp動名詞作表語表示句子主語的內(nèi)容，主語和表語可互換位置Myjobis

taking

careofthegarden.→Takingcareofthegardenismyjob.作表語：作定語動名詞作定語常表示被修飾名詞與動名詞所示動作的關(guān)系或用途awalkingstickawashingmachineaswimmingpooltherunningshoes→astickforwalking→amachineforwashing→apoolforswimming→theshoesforrunningasleepingcarasleepingboyacarforsleeping動名詞作定語表用途aboywhoissleeping

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表動作比較難點：（動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）形容詞性物主代詞(如my)或名詞的所有格(如Peter’s)

或代詞的賓格(如me)+doing

在句中作主/賓語Mary’softentellingliesmadeusangry.Yourgoingtherewillbeofgreathelp.Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?Howaboutour/usgoingonholidaynextweek?Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto

thethief/thethief’sbeingcaught.Isthereanypossibilityofthenewfilmbeingshowntonight?Ialwaysdreamoftherebeingagoodchancetogoabroad.Noonetoldmeabouttherebeingameetingthisafternoon.動名詞和不定式的區(qū)別：forgetdoingtodorememberdoingtodoregretdoingtodostopdoingtodotrydoingtodo

meandoingtodocan’thelpdoing(情不自禁做……)todo(不能幫助做……)goondoingtodobeafraid/scaredofdoing(害怕出現(xiàn)…狀況)todo(不敢做…)considerdoing(考慮做…)sbtohavedone

(被認為已做了…)IstillrememberbeingtakentoBeijingandwhatIsawthere.Iregretnothavingtoldyouaboutitearlier.動詞like,love,prefer后接doing/todo均可。但doing

常表經(jīng)常性的動作；todo

常表具體的行為或動作Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimthisafternoon.Theypreferwalkingtocycling.(一向…)Heprefertostayathometoday.但：wouldliketodo…;would/shouldlovetodo…Iwouldliketogoswimmingthisweekend.allow/advise/forbid/permit/recommenddoing…allow/advise/forbid/permit/recommendsbtodo…Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Wedon’tallowstudentstosmokehere.sth/sbneed/require/want/desire+doing/tobedone.Thewallrequirespainting/tobepainted.Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthpraising.Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthpraise(n.).Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthyofpraise(n.).Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthyofbeingpraised.Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthytobepraised.It’sworthwhilepraisinghiscontributiontoeducation.It’sworthwhi