專升本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)題及答案解析

PAGE34PAGE專升本英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)題及答案解析幾道非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作1.Hewalkedin,_____A____abookinhishand,wenttoatablenearthewindowandsatdowninsilence.A.carryingB.carriedC.tocarryD.havingcarried【解析】答案選A。此題考查分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法。首先不定式表示目的和將來(lái)可以排除；havingdone強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，不符合題意，只剩下A和B，這是一個(gè)\o""并列句，句中有三個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞walkedin,wentto和satdown。句中的carryingabookinhishand是現(xiàn)在分詞，用作狀語(yǔ)，修飾walkedin，表伴隨。提醒：此題易錯(cuò)選B。2._____B_____formanyyears,thenovelistsuddenlybecamefamous.A.havingignored

B.Havingbeenignored

C.tohavebeenignoredD.tobeignored【解析】正確答案為B。此題考查\o""分詞作狀語(yǔ)。因ignored和thenovelist是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，而不是主謂關(guān)系，即“被忽視”，故可排除表主動(dòng)意義的A。至于C和D，首先可排除D，因?yàn)樗遣欢ㄊ降囊话闶?，表示將?lái)意義，與句意不符；而C是不定式的完成式，一般不作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。3._____B_____totheconsumers,moreandmoreadvertisersareusingimagesofpopstarsintheirads.A.AppealedB.toappealed

C.appealing

D.tobeappealed【解析】正確答案為B，考查\o""不定式的用法。首先可以排除A和D，因?yàn)閍ppeal是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用\o""過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，從句意來(lái)看，題目想表達(dá)的是為了吸引消費(fèi)者，不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，而現(xiàn)在分詞一般情況下不能\o""表目的，所以選B。4.—What’sthematterwithyou?—____D___theheavysuitcase,mywaistwashurtunexpectedly.A.Havingcarried

B.Carried

C.Whilecarrying

D.WhileIwascarrying【解析】正確答案為D，考查\o""非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，\o""非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)需要和主句主語(yǔ)一致，此題中，主句的主語(yǔ)是mywaist，而非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是I，所以不能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只能用狀語(yǔ)從句，所以選D。5.____D____withenoughinstrumentsnecessaryfortheexperiment,thesescientistsareexpectingtofinishitaheadoftime.A.Tobesupplied

B.tosupplied

C.supplying

D.supplied【解析】正確答案為D，\o""考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。這句話的主語(yǔ)是scientists，與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞supply是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，也就是被提供，因此排除了B和C，不定式作狀語(yǔ)表示將來(lái)和目的，與題意不符，所以選D。英語(yǔ)冠詞典型考題講練1.Tomowns________largercollectionof________booksthananyotherstudentinourclass.A.the;不填 B.a;不填C.a;the D.不填;the2.Foralongtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying________word.Jimwasthefirsttobreak________silence.A.the;a B.a;theC.a;不填 D.the;不填3.Whenheleft________college,hegotajobas________reporterinanewspaperoffice.A.不填；a B.不填；theC.a;the D.the;the4.Ifyoubuymorethanten,theyknock20penceoff________.A.aprice B.priceC.theprice D.prices5.________on-goingdivisionbetweenEnglish-speakingCanadiansandFrench-speakingCanadiansis________majorconcernofthecountry.A.The;不填 B.The;aC.An;the D.An;不填6.TheWilsonslivein________A-shapedhousenearthecoast.Itis________17thcenturycottage.A.the,/ B.an,theC./,the D.an,a7.Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto________hotel;Icanfindyou________bedinmyflat.A.the;a B.the;不填C.a;the D.a;不填8.Whenyoufinishreadingthisbook,youwillhave________betterunderstandingof________life. A.a,the B.the,aC./,the D.a,/9.Itis________worldofwonders________worldwhereanythingcanhappen.A.a,the B.a,aC.the,a D.不填,不填10.Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis________partthatitplayedin________IndustrialRevolution.A.不填；不填 B.the；不填C.the;the D.a;the11.Whilehewasinvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescope,Newtonmade________discoverwhichcompletelychanged________man’sunderstandingofcolour.A.a…不填 B.a…theC.不填…the D.the…a12.—I’dlike________informationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.—Well,youcouldhave________wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.A.some,a B.an,someC.some,some D.an,a13.Manypeopleagreethat________knowledgeofEnglishisamustin________internationaltradetoday.A.a;/ B.the;anC.the;the D./；the14.—Haveyouseen________pen?Ileftitherethismorning.—Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere().A.a;the B.the;theC.the;a D.a;a15.Papermoneywasin________useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin________thirteenthcentury.A.the;不填 B.the;theC.不填;the D.不填;不填16.Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwith________animalsof________differentkindunlesstheykillthemforfood.A.the;a B.不填;aC.the;the D.不填;the17.Jumpingoutof________airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite________excitingexperience.A.不填,the B.不填,anC.an,an D.the,the18.Thesignreads“Incaseof________fire,breaktheglassandpress________redbutton.”A./;a B./;theC.the;the D.a;a19.On________newstoday,therewere________reportsofheavysnowinthatarea.A.the;the B.the;不填C.不填；不填 D.不填；the1.B.因?yàn)閏ollection(收藏品，收集物)是可數(shù)名詞，此處為單數(shù)，又不是特指，所以用不定冠詞；books是名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示種類，而非特指，所以不用冠詞。又如：afinecollectionofpaintings精美的繪畫收藏品。2.B.word(話、話語(yǔ))是可數(shù)名詞，withoutsayingaword意為“沒(méi)說(shuō)一句話”；雖然silence(沉默)是不可數(shù)名詞，但此處是特指前面提到的那種沉默，所以用the。3.A.因?yàn)閟chool,college,university,hospital,prison,church,table,bed名詞等指其用途時(shí)，不用冠詞。leavecollege意為“大學(xué)畢業(yè)”。又因?yàn)楸硎韭殬I(yè)或身份的單數(shù)名詞前通常要用不定冠詞，所以選A。4.C.price前加定冠詞表特指。句意為“如果你買10個(gè)以上，他們會(huì)從那個(gè)價(jià)錢中減掉20便士”。5.B.因?yàn)閐ivision后有介詞短語(yǔ)between…and…的限制，這是特指的，所以要用the。又因?yàn)閏oncern作“所關(guān)切的事”解是可數(shù)名詞，所以前面要用冠詞。6.D.因?yàn)閔ouse和cottage都是可數(shù)名詞，且都不是特指，所以都用不定冠詞。句意是“威爾遜一家住在大海附近的一棟A形房子里，那是一座17世紀(jì)建的別墅”。7.A.從nexttime可知，對(duì)方這次住了旅館，第一空的hotel就是特指這個(gè)旅館，所以用the；第二空的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞bed不是特指的，所以用不定冠詞。句意是：你下次來(lái)這里度假，就不要到這旅館來(lái)住了，我在我的公寓里幫你弄張床。8.D.雖然understanding是不可數(shù)名詞，但作“了解、理解”解時(shí)，卻常常要加不定冠詞(尤其是當(dāng)其前有形容詞修飾時(shí))，排除B和C。又因?yàn)閘ife作“生活、人生”解，是不可數(shù)名詞，不是特指，不用冠詞。haveabetterunderstandingoflife指“對(duì)生活有更深刻的理解”。9.B.雖然通常說(shuō)theworld，但world有定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，表示“一個(gè)…的世界”時(shí)，要用不定冠詞。題中兩個(gè)world都有定語(yǔ)修飾，后者是前者的同位語(yǔ)，所以兩個(gè)都用不定冠詞。句意是：這是一個(gè)奇妙的世界，一個(gè)什么事都有可能發(fā)生的世界。10.C.因part后面有一定語(yǔ)從句修飾，是特指，用the；又因?yàn)椤肮I(yè)革命”是由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞，所以前面也要用the。11.A.因?yàn)閐iscovery作“被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物”講是可數(shù)名詞，前面用不定冠詞，又如，makeanimportantdiscoveryscientificdiscovery(作出重大的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn))。man作“人、人類”解，是既沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能在前面加冠詞的，understanding前又受名詞所有格man’s修飾，也不能用冠詞，所以第二空不用冠詞。12.A。information是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不用冠詞，因此排除B和D；haveawordwith是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“和某人談一下”。句意為“我想請(qǐng)你幫我看一下旅館的管理材料”。“好的，你可以和飯店經(jīng)理談，他會(huì)幫你的”。13.A。此題考查不定冠詞和不用冠詞的情況。抽象名詞knowledge前加不定冠詞a使其具體化，aknowledgeofEnglish意為“懂英語(yǔ)”；而internationaltrade是泛指，意為“國(guó)際貿(mào)易”，前面不用冠詞。句意為“很多人認(rèn)為懂英語(yǔ)是當(dāng)今國(guó)際貿(mào)易所必需的”。14.D。此題在特定語(yǔ)境中考查不定冠詞的用法。第一句句意為“你看見(jiàn)一支鋼筆嗎？”是泛指，用不定冠詞。第二空“是黑色的嗎？”不是二次提及上文的鋼筆，也是泛指，故也用不定冠詞。15.C。(be)inuse是固定詞組,意為“在使用中”；第二空是序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞，thethirteenthcentury指第13世紀(jì)。句意為“十三世紀(jì)馬可波羅訪問(wèn)中國(guó)時(shí)，中國(guó)已用紙幣”。16.B。animals是名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指，不用冠詞；kind是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，of…kind“…種類的”。根據(jù)句意“多數(shù)動(dòng)物與另一類的動(dòng)物沒(méi)有關(guān)系，除非它們以其為食”?？芍笐?yīng)用a表示泛指。17.C。句意為“從一萬(wàn)英尺高的飛機(jī)里跳出來(lái)是一次非常激動(dòng)人心的經(jīng)歷”。airplane表泛指，以元音開(kāi)頭用an；experience當(dāng)“經(jīng)歷”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，因此表示“一次經(jīng)歷”要加不定冠詞。18.B。fire泛指“火災(zāi),失火”，不用冠詞；redbutton是特指，第二空用the。句意為“那塊牌子上寫著：“萬(wàn)一失火，打碎這塊玻璃，按那個(gè)紅色按鈕”。19.B。第一空用the表示特指“今日的新聞”；第二空reports是復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，不加冠詞。句意為“在今天的新聞中有關(guān)于那個(gè)地區(qū)的大雪的報(bào)道”。英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法?？碱}·附解析1.─Whatareyoureading,Jane?─Somebookson________education,I’mnowinterestedin________educationofyoungpeople.A.an;the B./;the C.the;an D.an；/2.—YouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhouseyesterday.—Oh,I________forafriendfromBeijingattherailwaystation.A.waswaiting B.hadwaited C.amwaiting D.havewaited3.—LittleJimhasbeeneatingsweetsallday.—It’sno________heisnothungryA.matter B.doubt C.problem D.wonder4.ComradeWang________beinShanghai—Isawhiminthecompanyonlyafewminutesago.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.maynot D.isn’tableto5.ItwasnotuntilIgothome________Ifoundmywalletmissing.A.that B.when C.where D.which6.Thenumberofthepeoplepresentattheconcert________muchsmallerthanexpected.There________manyticketsleft.A.was;was B.were;was C.were;were D.was;were7.________yousteppedintothelabwithyourshoeson?You’resupposedtotakethemoffbeforeyouenterit.Itoldyouso!A.Howcome B.Howdare C.Howabout D.Howlong88.Theymadenoefforttohidetheiramusement________Iproducedapacketofsweetsfrommypocket.A.howeverB.whatever C.whichever D.whenever9.________herworkhasbeengood,butthisessayisdreadfulA.Inaword B.Ingeneral C.Inparticular D.Intotal 10.Shereturnedhomefromtheoffice,only________thedooropenandsomethingmissing.A.finding B.tobefound C.tofind D.found11.Weshould________ourselvesassiduouslyandfaithfullytothedutiesofourprofession.A.devote B.spend C.offer D.provide12.TheAnti-JapaneseWar________in1937andit________eightyears.A.brokeout;lasted B.brokeout;waslastedC.wasbrokenout;lasted D.wasbrokenout;waslasted13.Whentheplanearrived,someofthedetectiveswerewaitinginsidethemainbuilding________otherswerewaitingontheairfield.A.during B.where C.which D.while14.________isknowntoeverybody,TaiwanisapartofChina.A.It B.As C.That D.Which15.—Let’sgotothezoothisSunday,OK?—________.Ilovetoseeallkindsofanimals.A.Icouldn’tagreemore B.I’mafraidnotC.Ibelievenot D.Idon’tthinkso1.B。第一個(gè)education意為“教育；教育學(xué)”，為不可數(shù)名詞，因此不用冠詞；而第二個(gè)education表示特指，意為“年輕人的教育”，因此用定冠詞，故答案為B。2.A。根據(jù)上句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的提示可知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是指過(guò)去某時(shí)正在發(fā)生的事情，因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故答案為A。3.D。上句“小吉姆整天在吃糖果”是“他不餓”的原因，因此答案為D。nowonder意為“難怪，不足為怪?！?.B。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表推測(cè)時(shí)只能用于肯定句。在否定句中用can’t 代替must。can’t意為“不可能”；maynot意為“可能不”；beableto表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力或克服了困難之后做成了某事的能力，意為“能，會(huì)”。句中的破折號(hào)起解釋說(shuō)明的作用?！拔?guī)追昼娗霸诠疽?jiàn)過(guò)他”，因此“不可能在上?！?，故答案為B。5.A。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)由“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其余部分”組成，如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人用that或who；其他用that。句意為：到了家我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我的錢包不見(jiàn)了。6.D。thenumberof修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；Therebe必須與后面的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。tickets為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，因此用were。故答案為D。7.A。howcome意為“怎么”；howdare意為“怎敢”；howabout意為“怎麼樣”；howlong意為“多久”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“怎么穿著鞋進(jìn)了實(shí)驗(yàn)室？進(jìn)來(lái)之前你該脫掉。我早告訴過(guò)你”可知答案為A。8.D。此題考查whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為“每當(dāng)我從衣袋里拿出一包糖果的時(shí)候，他們毫不掩飾他們覺(jué)得好笑”。9.B。inaword意為“總之”；ingeneral意為“一般地；大體上；通?！保籭nparticular意為“特別”；intotal意為“整個(gè)地；總共”。根據(jù)句意“總的說(shuō)來(lái)，她的作品不錯(cuò)，不過(guò)這篇文章糟透了”答案為B。10.C。作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式常表示沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的情況或結(jié)果，即預(yù)料之外；而分詞常表示一種自然而然的結(jié)果，即預(yù)料之中。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“發(fā)現(xiàn)門開(kāi)著，有東西丟了”是他沒(méi)想到的，因此可知應(yīng)用不定式。又因句子的主語(yǔ)he與動(dòng)詞find是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此答案為C()。11.A。devote…to為習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，意為“把……獻(xiàn)給；把……專用于”。句意為“我們應(yīng)當(dāng)勤奮地而且忠誠(chéng)地獻(xiàn)身于我們的職責(zé)?！?2.A。breakout和last都是不及物動(dòng)詞，都不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此答案為A。句意為“抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)1937年爆發(fā)，持續(xù)了八年?！?3.D。while作并列連詞，表示對(duì)比或相反的情況，意為“而、卻”。句意為“當(dāng)飛機(jī)抵達(dá)時(shí),一部分偵探等在主樓里面，而另一部分則等在停機(jī)坪上?！?4.B。as和which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，都可以指整個(gè)句子，有時(shí)可以通用。但as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。which只能放在句中。句意為“周所周知，臺(tái)灣是中國(guó)的一部分?！?5.A。上句提出建議“我們周日去動(dòng)物園好嗎？”根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的后句“我喜歡看各種動(dòng)物”可知是表示贊成對(duì)方的建議，故答案為A。意為“我非常贊成?！?.“MayIborrowyourpaper?”“________.”A.Byallmeans B.Nevermind C.Youarewelcome D.Don’tmentionit2.Thisbirdisreallylovely,andI’veneverseen________one.A.afiner B.afinest C.thefiner D.thefinest3.Sincethere’snomoreworktodo,wemightjust________gohome.A.sowell B.aswell C.sogood D.asgood4.Hemade________knowntohisfriendsthathedidn’twanttoenterpolitics.A.that

B.it C.himself D.him5.Thatcarnearlyhitme;I________.A.mightbekilled B.mighthavebeenkilledC.maybekilled D.maybeenkilled6.“Haveyouevereatensnails?”“No,andIhopeI________.”A.willnever B.neverwill C.havenever D.neverhave7.Shewroteafamousbook,andso________aplaceinhistory.A.winning B.towin

C.tohavewon D.won8.I’llhavetochangemyclothesbeforeIgoout—Idon’twant________likethis.A.tosee B.seeing

C.tobeseen D.beingseen9.Wemakesurewe’realwayswellstockedupwithcandles,just________.A.incase B.forcertain C.inpractice D.foruse10.It’shardtorescuedrowningpeoplebecausethey________somuch.A.sink B.swim C.jump D.struggle11.Ithasbeenrainingforaday,buteventhoughithadn’trained,we________therebytomorrow.A.can’tget B.won’tget C.hadn’tgot D.wouldn’tget12.Thelittletimewehavetogetherwetry________wisely.A.spendingit B.tospendit C.tospend D.spendingthat13.Youshouldputonthenotices________allthepeoplemayseethem.A.where B.inwhich

C.at D.forthem14.Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,________himinthecaranddrovequicklytothenearestdoctor’soffice.A.put B.toput C.putting D.havingput15.Theoldhouse,infrontof________thereisanappletree,is________Iusedtolive.A.that,theplace B.it,theplace

C.which,where D.what,where1.A。byallmeans表示同意，意為“完全可以”。2.A。I’veneverseenafinerone的實(shí)際意思是ThisisthefinestoneI’veeverseen。3.B。mightjustaswell(后接動(dòng)詞原形)的意思是“不如……”或“還是……的好”。4.B。it為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是thathedidn’twanttoenterpolitics。5.B。表示過(guò)去可能發(fā)生而實(shí)際上未發(fā)生的事，用might+動(dòng)詞完成式。若只是推測(cè)過(guò)去可能的事，則可用may[might]+動(dòng)詞完成式，如Hemay[might]havegone.他可能已經(jīng)走了。6.B。根據(jù)句意，填空處應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)(實(shí)為將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的省略式)；另外注意，頻度副詞本來(lái)通常置于助動(dòng)詞之后，但是若省略主要?jiǎng)釉~，即當(dāng)頻度副詞和助動(dòng)詞置于句末時(shí)，應(yīng)將頻度副詞置于助動(dòng)詞之前。7.D。andsowonaplace…可視為andsohewonaplace…之省略。8.C。want表示“想要”時(shí)，其后通常接不定式，又由于主語(yǔ)與see之間含有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)式。9.A。incase在此表示“以防萬(wàn)一”。10.D。由句意和常識(shí)推知。11.A。wecan’tgettherebytomorrow為客觀事實(shí)，故宜用陳述語(yǔ)氣。12.C。該句的正常詞序?yàn)閃etrytospendthelittletimewehavetogetherwisely.13.A。where指“在……的地方”，用以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。14.A。句中四個(gè)動(dòng)詞為并列謂語(yǔ)，應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)一致()。15.C。第一空應(yīng)填which，infrontofwhichthereisanappletree為修飾theoldhouse的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；第二空填where，用以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。典型定語(yǔ)從句易錯(cuò)題詳解■Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.A.whichwas B.itwasC.whichwere D.themwere【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的which和it誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荂，aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而在該從句中，主語(yǔ)是highmountains，aroundwhich是表語(yǔ)，所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù)was。請(qǐng)做以下類例題目（答案均為C）：(1)Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.A.whichis B.itisC.whichare D.themare(2)Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.A.whichare B.itisC.whichis D.themare(3)Nextmonthwe’llmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantswherewecanhaveChinesefood.A.whichare B.itisC.whichis D.themare■Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,“Isthereahospitalaround______Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?”A.that B.whichC.where D.what【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為around是介詞，選which用以代替前面的名詞hospital，在此用作介詞around的賓語(yǔ)?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問(wèn)題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選C的理由是：句中的around不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞hospital，句意為：附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷？■

_____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.It B.AsC.That D.What【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A，認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荁。as引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。比較下面一題：_______isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.It B.AsC.That D.What此題答案選A，it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。再比較下面一組題，其中第(1)題選B，第(2)題選D：(1)______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.Which B.AsC.That D.It(2)______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.A.Which B.AsC.That D.It■

Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.A.that B.whoC.as D.whom【易錯(cuò)】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such…that…句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢笧镃，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch…that…(如此……以至……)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，并且that在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入such…that…，句末的動(dòng)詞like缺賓語(yǔ)。選C的理由如下：as用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾其前的名詞boy，同時(shí)as在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞like的賓語(yǔ)，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問(wèn)，假若選A，能否將其后的that視為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到such的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞as來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用that。比較下面一題，答案為A，因?yàn)閘ike后有自己的賓語(yǔ)him：Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.A.that B.whoC.as D.whom請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}（答案選D）：Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.A.like B.thatC.which D.as■

Thebuses,mostof_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.A.that B.itC.them D.which【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選C，用them代指thebuses?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荄。mostofwhichwerealreadyfull為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thebuses。類似地，以下各題也選D：(1)Hishouse,for_______hepaid$10,000,isnowworth$50,000.A.that B.itC.them D.which(2)Ashdownforest,through_______we’llbedriving,isn’taforestanylonger.A.that B.itC.them D.which(3)ThisIdidatnineo’clock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.A.that B.itC.them D.which類似地，以下各題選whom，不選them：(4)George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.A.that B.himC.them D.whom(5)Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.A.that B.whoC.them D.whom(6)Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.A.that B.whoC.them D.whom■

Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof______gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.A.whom B.themC.which D.who【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選B，用them代指students?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘茿，manyofwhomgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。假若在manyof…的前面加上連詞and，則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A)：(1)Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.A.which B.themC.what D.that(2)Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.A.them B.whichC.what D.that(3)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.whom B.themC.which D.who(4)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.A.them B.whomC.which D.who■

Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.A.whom B.themC.which D.who【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘荁，這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞invited并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在invited前加上助動(dòng)詞were，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，答案便應(yīng)選A。比較：(1)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.A.which B.themC.what D.that答案選B，noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的carriedout為過(guò)去分詞。(2)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.which B.themC.what D.that答案選A，noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞were。(3)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.which B.themC.what D.that答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句。■

OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.A.their B.whoseC.which D.that【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！痉治觥孔罴汛鸢甘茿。與上面一題相似，theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞seated不是謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，因?yàn)閟eat作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題：(1)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.their B.whoseC.which D.that選B。whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語(yǔ)wereseated。(2)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.A.their B.whoseC.which D.that選A。因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞and，整個(gè)句子為并列句。(3)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.A.their B.whoseC.which D.that選A。theirparentssittingtogetherjoking為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.A.their B.whoseC.which D.that選B。whoseparentssattogetherjoking為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ)sat。(5)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.A.their B.whoseC.which D.that選B。whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ)weresitting?！?/p>

Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,_____justshowshowshallowheis.A.as B.whichC.what D.that【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?！痉治觥空_答案為D，注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句，that在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語(yǔ)。類似地，下面幾道題也選that，而不選which：(1)Ifyoupromisetogowithus,_____willbeOK.A.as B.whichC.andit D.that(2)Ifyouwantadoubleroom,_____willcostanother￡15.A.as B.whichC.what D.that(3)Whetheryougoornot,_______isquiteallrightwithme.A.that B.whichC.andit D.so(4)WhenIsaytwohours,_____includestimeforeating.A.as B.whichC.what D.that■Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________she’sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.A.which B.whenC.how D.where【易錯(cuò)】容易誤選B，機(jī)械地認(rèn)為時(shí)間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞when，地點(diǎn)名詞后用關(guān)系副詞where?！痉治觥空_答案為A。在時(shí)間名詞和地點(diǎn)名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，若用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞；若用作狀語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動(dòng)詞spent缺賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或that。比較下面一題，由于空格后的句子不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，所以選關(guān)系副詞when：Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________sheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.A.which B.whenC.how D.where請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆唤M試題(答案均選A)：(1)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weboughtlastmonth.A.which B.whenC.how D.where選A，which在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞bought的賓語(yǔ)。(2)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.A.which B.whenC.how D.where選A，which在定語(yǔ)從句中用作主語(yǔ)。(3)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.A.where B.whenC.that D.which選A，where在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)考題專練（有詳解）1.We________tomovebutarestillconsideringwheretogoto.A.aredeciding B.decidedC.havedecided D.haddecided2.Ileftmypenonthedeskandnowit’sgone;who________it?A.took B.hastakenC.willtake D.hadtaken3.Theywon’tbuyanynewclothesbecausethey________moneytobuyanewcar.A.save B.weresavingC.havesaved D.aresaving4.I________yourlastpoint—couldyousayitagain?A.didn’tquitecatch B.don’tquitecatchC.hadn’tquitecatch D.can’tquitecatch5.—Areyouateacher?—I________,butnowIamworkinginacompany.A.is B.amC.was D.had6.IfeelsureI________hersomewherebefore.A.wastomeet B.havemetC.hadmet D.wouldmeet7.—DoesLiuHuiserveinthearmy?—No,buthe________inthearmyforthreeyears.A.served B.hasservedC.isserving D.wouldserve8.—Tomcamebackhomeyesterday.—Really?Where________atall?A.hadhebeen B.hashebeenC.hadhegone D.hashegone9.Unfortunately,whenIdroppedin,ProfessorSmith________,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.A.hasjustleft B.hadjustleftC.justleft D.wasjustleaving10.—I’msorry;Ishouldn’thavebeensorudetoyou.—You________yourtemperbutthat’sOK.A.havelost B.hadlostC.didlose D.werelosing11.—Youmusthavemethimtheotherday.—Oh,no,I________.A.hadn’t B.mustn’tC.haven’t D.didn’t12.—Willyougototheparknow?—NotuntilI________myphysicsexercises.A.willfinish B.havefinishedC.willhavefinished D.hadfinished13.—Didyouenjoythefilm?—Yes,it’sthebestoneI________theseyears.A.had B.havehadC.hadhad D.wouldhave14.—DidAlanenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?—Yes,hedid.He________hisoldfriendsforalongtime.A.didn’tsee B.wouldn’tseeC.hasn’tseen D.hadn’tseen15.WhenIcalledyouthismorning,nobodyansweredthephone.Where________?A.didyougo B.haveyougoneC.wereyou D.hadyoubeen16.Sheoughttostopworking;shehasaheadachebecauseshe________toolong.A.hasbeenreading B.hadreadC.isreading D.read17.—Whydoyoulookworried?—Fredleftthecompanyhalfanhourago.Hiswork________unfinishedsince.A.left B.wasleftC.hasleft D.hasbeenleft18.—YoucouldhaveaskedMr.Johnsonforhelp.Heiskind-hearted.—I________that.Awholeday________.A.forget;wastes B.forgot;waswasted C.forgot;hadwasted D.forget;waswasted19.You’dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening;he________animportantmeetingthen.A.willhave B.wouldhaveC.willbehaving D.willhavehad20.—I’msorry,butthebossisn’thereyet.ShallIhavehimcallyouwhenhecomesback?—No,I’llcallhimback.IfIcallagaininhalfanhour,doyouthinkshe________?A.hadarrived B.hasarrivedC.willarrive D.willhavearrived21.—What’swrongwithyourcoat?—JustnowwhenIwantedtogetoffthebus,themannexttome________onit.A.sat B.hadsatC.hadbeensitting D.wassitting22.—Whyweren’tyouatthemeeting?—I________foralong-distancecallfrommyauntinAmerica.A.waited B.waswaitingC.hadbeenwaiting D.hadwaited23.—Willyouattendthemeetingthisevening?—ButI________toldanythingaboutit.A.wasn’t B.amnotC.haven’tbeen D.won’tbe24.—WhatdidyouthinkofActIoftheplaylastnight?—I’msorry.Theplay________whenIgotthere.A.hadbeenstarted B.hadbeenonforhalfanhourC.wastostart D.hadbegunforhalfanhour25.—Whydidyoucomebybus?—MycarbrokedownyesterdayeveningandI________itrepaired.A.didn’thave B.don’thaveC.won’thave D.haven’thad1.C。用\o""現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示影響，即指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)作出決定。2.B。用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示影響或結(jié)果，即現(xiàn)在筆不見(jiàn)了，是由于某人已經(jīng)把它拿走了的結(jié)果。3.D。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。4.A。從下文的語(yǔ)境看，既然現(xiàn)在叫對(duì)方重復(fù)一遍，說(shuō)明“沒(méi)聽(tīng)清對(duì)方的最后一點(diǎn)”應(yīng)發(fā)生在過(guò)去（即說(shuō)此話之前）。5.C。這時(shí)用\o""一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去曾經(jīng)是老師，但現(xiàn)在不是了。6.B。before用作副詞時(shí)不與具體時(shí)間連用，泛指“以前”，通常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。7.A。由no是對(duì)前句的否定可知現(xiàn)在不在部隊(duì)服役，是以前“服過(guò)役”，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。8.A。havebeento…去過(guò)某地(已回來(lái))，havegoneto…到某地去了(沒(méi)回來(lái))；又因?yàn)閱?wèn)的是Tom回來(lái)之前到去過(guò)某地，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。9.D。從“我們只談了幾句話”可知，當(dāng)我們?nèi)グ菰L時(shí)，ProfessorSmith“正要”離開(kāi)了，D是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)意義。10.C。上句“我本不該對(duì)你那么無(wú)禮”是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的自責(zé)，答語(yǔ)“你當(dāng)時(shí)的確很生氣”，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，did在lose前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。11.D。問(wèn)句是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的猜測(cè)，所以答句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Ididn’t是Ididn’tmeethimtheotherday的省略。12.B。因?yàn)樵跁r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中要\o""用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。若強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)，本題屬后一種情況。13.B。因?yàn)閠heseyears是包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的，故用\o""現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。14.D。由于見(jiàn)朋友發(fā)生在過(guò)去(即昨天)，而很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到朋友自然是昨天的見(jiàn)面之前，即屬于過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。15.C。句子的前半句說(shuō)上午打電話時(shí)沒(méi)有人接電話，而后半句問(wèn)對(duì)方當(dāng)時(shí)在什么地方。顯然，句子前后兩部分的時(shí)間應(yīng)一致，即用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。16.A。從第一句話Sheoughttostopworking可知“他仍然在學(xué)習(xí)”，故后面用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。17.D。受前一句left的影響，易誤選B。題干中的since說(shuō)明此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。從問(wèn)句中也可看出來(lái)，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式。18.B。說(shuō)話之前“忘了”，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；第二空應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。19.C。指將來(lái)某時(shí)或某段時(shí)間正發(fā)生的事用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。20.D。一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知是\o""強(qiáng)調(diào)將來(lái)的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。21.C。意思是：剛才我想下公共汽車時(shí)，(我才發(fā)現(xiàn))靠近我坐的那個(gè)人一直坐在我的外衣上。表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到另一過(guò)去時(shí)間仍在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)用\o""過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。22.B。該題考查根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選用\o""正確時(shí)態(tài)題。上句說(shuō)“你為什么沒(méi)去參加會(huì)議”，據(jù)此回答“我當(dāng)時(shí)正在等我姑姑從美國(guó)打來(lái)的長(zhǎng)途電話”，說(shuō)的是“你們開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)”我正在等一個(gè)電話。23.C。指到目前為止還沒(méi)有人把這件事通知我。相當(dāng)于在后面省略了sofar。24.B。句意：戲劇在我到達(dá)之前就已上演了半小時(shí)，即表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，且短暫性動(dòng)詞不與持續(xù)性時(shí)間連用，故須將start→beon才可與持續(xù)性時(shí)間連用。25.D。從昨天壞了一直到今天來(lái)時(shí)還沒(méi)有修好，表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始一直延緩到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)要作現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。形容詞與副詞專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1.Workgetsdone________whenpeopledoittogether,andtherewardsarehighertoo.A.easily B.veryeasy C.moreeasily D.easier2.Myparentshavealwaysmademe________aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feelingwell B.feelinggood C.feelwell D.feelgood3.Hebegantotakepoliticalscience________onlywhenheleftschool.A.strictly B.truly C.carefully D.seriously4.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93-94.Wewereonly________beaten.A.nearly B.slightly C.narrowly D.lightly5.Thenewgroupofstudentsisbetter-behavedthantheothergroupwhostayedhere________.A.early B.earlier C.earliest D.theearliest6.—Doyouneedanyhelp,Lucy?—Yes,Thejobis________Icoulddomyself.A.lessthan B.morethan C.nomorethan D.notmorethan7.Thereisanoldproverb,“Loveme,lovemydog.”Butthereis________wisdominthis:“Loveme,lovemybook.”A.some B.much C.more D.most8.WithApril18’srailwayspeedup,highwayandairtransportwillhavetocompetewith________serviceforpassengers.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest9.ThemelontheSmithsservedatdinnerwouldhavetasted________ifithadbeenputinthefridgeforalittlewhile.A.good B.better C.best D.well10.Aftertwoyears’research,wenowhavea________betterunderstandingo