2019外研社版高中英語必修一Unit 6 At one with nature 知識清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認讀sheetn.(冰或水等的)一大片frostn.霜vapourn.蒸氣priorityn.優(yōu)先處理的事,當務之急reefn.礁organismn.生物,有機體basinn.盆地,低洼地grandadj.宏偉的,壯麗的waterfalln.瀑布tunneln.隧道cameln.駱駝greenfingers高超的種植技能sunflowern.向日葵rooftopn.屋頂herbn.(用于調味)香草重點單詞識記wrapv.包,裹dynastyn.朝代regionn.地區(qū),區(qū)域thereforeadv.因此,由此steepadj.陡的,陡峭的soiln.土壤shallowadj.淺的cropn.莊稼,作物replacev.以……替換,更換materialn.材料mineraln.礦物,礦產barriern.障礙,壁壘structuren.結構,構造,組織livingadj.活的,活著的valleyn.谷,山谷narrowadj.狹窄的,不寬的platformn.高臺,平臺thunderv.打雷channeln.海峽desertn.沙漠,荒漠climaten.氣候insideadv.在(建筑物、房間)內publishv.出版expertadj.內行的,專家的n.專家branchn.樹枝rentv.租用,租借flavourn.味,味道systemn.系統核心詞匯拓展completionn.完成,結束→completev.完成preventv.阻擋,防止→preventionn.預防,防止harmonyn.融洽相處,和諧→harmoniousadj.和諧的,和睦的designv.&n.設計→designern.設計師harmv.&n.傷害,損害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.無害的agriculturen.農業(yè)→agriculturaladj.農業(yè)的consumern.消費者→consumevt.吃;喝;飲;消耗→consumptionn.消費;消耗beautyn.美→beautifuladj.美麗的→beautifyvt.使美化sailv.(乘船)航行→sailorn.水手,海員limitedadj.有限的→limitn.限度,界限v.限制→limitlessadj.無限的;無盡的benefitn.好處,益處v.有益于→beneficialadj.有好處的,有益處的pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasev.使高興→pleasedadj.高興的,滿意的→pleasuren.愉快;令人高興的事energyn.力量,活力→energeticadj.有力量的,有活力的核心短語速記behometo是……的所在地;是……的家園passdown流傳;世代相傳prevent...from...阻止……;制止……washaway沖走,沖掉inharmonywith與……和諧相處,與……協調一致gotothetroubletodosth費心(費力)做某事befamousfor因……而出名checkout觀察;核實;結賬離開passthrough穿過……;通過……millionsof成千上萬的……;無數的……provide...for為……提供reflecton/upon仔細考慮;回想,回顧leadto引起,導致turn...into...把……變成……plentyof許多allow...todo允許……做……beindoubt不肯定,不確定free-timeactivity自由活動appealvi.對……有吸引力;將……上訴;呼吁appetiten.食欲;嗜好applicationn.申請appointvt.任命;約定appointmentn.約會appreciatevt.欣賞;感激appreciationn.欣賞;感激approachvt.&vi.接近;靠近n.方法appropriateadj.適當的;恰當的approvevt.批準;通過vi.贊成approximatelyadv.大約arbitraryadj.任意的;武斷的Today,theLongjiRiceTerracesattractthousandsofvisitorswhocometoadmirethisgreatwondercreatedbypeopleandnatureworkingtogether.(doing的復合結構)今天,成千上萬的游客慕名前來龍脊梯田欣賞這由人與自然共同創(chuàng)造的壯麗奇觀。AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass,somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.(while引導讓步狀語從句;“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義)雖然許多英國人認為除草是周日最棒的活動,但也有的人只要能坐在樹下享受周圍世界的美麗就心滿意足了。Today,thereareover4,000peopleinLondonwaitingforsuchpiecesofland.(therebe句型;v.-ing作定語)現如今,倫敦有四千多人在等待租用這樣的土地。請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。prevent,benefit,wrap,harm,replace,harmonyNowadays,plasticpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious,whichnotonlydoes1.harmtoenvironment,soilandpeople’shealthbutalsocausesnegativechangestoclimate.Therefore,thetoppriorityistotakeaction2.topreventpeoplefrompollutingtheenvironment.Peopleshouldbeeducatedtolivein3.harmonywithnature.Morerecyclablematerialsshouldbefound4.toreplaceplastics.Consumersshouldbeencouragedtopurchasethegoodsthatareless5.wrappedandorganiccropsthatuselesschemicals.Allthesemeasureswillbeof6.benefittoourenvironment.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯designn.設計;圖案;構思vt.設計;計劃;構思bedesignedforsth/sb為……而設計bedesignedtodosth為做……而設計bydesign＝onpurpose故意地Theplatformisdesignedforseniorhighschoolstudentstoimprove(improve)theirawarenessoftraditionalChineseculture.Whatannoyedtheteachermostwasthatthisstudentfrequentlyliedtohimbydesign.特殊圖案的剪紙被張貼來慶祝春節(jié)。(話題寫作之傳統文化)PapercuttingsofspecialdesignsareputuptocelebratetheSpringFestival.harmv.&n.損害,傷害;危害(harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.無害的)dosb/sthharm＝doharmtosb/sth對……有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.＝Itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事并無害處。beharmfulto...對……有害眾所周知,吃太多垃圾食品對我們的健康有害。Whatisknowntousisthateatingtoomuchjunkfoodisharmfultoourhealth.(harmful)Itisknowntousthateatingtoomuchjunkfooddoesharmtoourhealth.(harmn.)與朋友吃飯時注意餐桌禮儀沒有壞處。(話題寫作之禮儀文化)Thereisnoharminpayingattentiontotablemannerswhileeatingwithfriends.(therebe句型)limitedadj.有限的(limitn.界限;限度vt.限制;限定limitlessadj.無限的)setalimitto/on限制……beyondthelimit超過限度withinthelimitsof限定在……范圍內Thereisa/nolimitto...……是有限的/無限的。limit...to...把……限定在……范圍內Aman’slifeislimited(limit),butthereisnolimittoservingthepeople.Butservicesandfunctionstheyofferarelimitless(limit)tohelpplantsgrownoticeably.我建議,我們要遠離網上的負面信息,并限制我們上網的時間。(2021·全國乙,書面表達)IrecommendthatweshouldkeepourselvesawayfromthenegativeinformationontheInternetandlimitthetimewespendonline.要求你的文章限制在800詞以內。如果你的文章超過限度,將不被錄用。(應用文寫作之征文通知)Youarerequiredtolimityouressayto800words.Ifyouressayisbeyondthelimit,itwillnotbeaccepted.benefitn.好處;利益;成效v.有益于;有助于;使受益(beneficialadj.有利的;受益的)forthebenefitofsb＝forone’sbenefit為了某人的利益benefitsb/sth使某人或某物受益benefitfrom/by...從……中受益/獲益bebeneficialto...＝beofbenefitto...對……有益;對……有利Thenewtheatreisdesignedforthebenefitofthedisabled.我們將會從讀英語名著中受益頗多,所以我們現在就開始吧。(應用文寫作之倡議書)WewillbenefitalotfromreadingEnglishclassics,solet’sbeginrightnow.(benefitfrom)ReadingEnglishclassicswillbenefitusalot,solet’sbeginrightnow.(benefitsb)ReadingEnglishclassicswillbeverybeneficialtous,solet’sbeginrightnow.(beneficial)ReadingEnglishclassicswillbeofgreatbenefittous,solet’sbeginrightnow.(beofbenefit)pleasantadj.令人愉悅的(pleasevt.使高興;使?jié)M意pleasedadj.滿意的,高興的pleasuren.高興;快樂;滿意)bepleasedtodosth高興地做某事;愿意做某事bepleasedwith對……高興;對……滿意Helpingthepooriscoolbecauseitcangivethemhopeandbringmepleasure(please).(2020·天津)得知你們將要參觀我校,我非常高興。我深信你們會對我們專門為你們做的安排滿意的。預祝你們在我校參觀愉快。(2021·浙江1月,應用文寫作)Iammorethanpleasedtoknowthatyouwillpayavisittoourschool.Istronglybelievethatyouwillbepleasedwiththearrangementswespeciallyhavemadeforyou.Wishyouapleasantvisitinourschool.“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass,somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.雖然許多英國人認為除草是周日最棒的活動,但也有的人只要能坐在樹下享受周圍世界的美麗就心滿意足了?！胺穸ㄔ~＋比較級”結構中常用的否定詞有no,not,never,nothing,nobody等。含否定詞表最高級意義的其他表達有：can/could＋never/not...＋形容詞/副詞＋enoughcan/could＋never/not...＋too＋形容詞/副詞ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealizednobodywashappier(happy)thanIwas.Heiskindandhelpful,soyoucan’tpraisehimtoomuch.沒有什么比參加五千米越野比賽更有意義的了,它對我們的身心都有益處。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ,應用文寫作)Nothingismorerewardingthantakingpartinthefive-kilometercross-countryrunningrace,whichbenefitsusphysicallyandmentally.馬克從未見過比這只狼更可怕的動物,因此他屏住呼吸,不敢挪動一步。Machadneverseenamorefrighteninganimalthanthiswolf,soheheldhisbreath,notdaringtomakeamovement.(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrityofnaturalecosystems...”設計GPNP旨在反映有關“保護生態(tài)系統的真實性和完整性……”的指導原則。2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure,makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.后來,我們的下頜變成了覆蓋咬合結構,這使得我們更容易發(fā)出這樣的聲音。(2022·浙江1月)...it’spossiblethatimprovingpeople’scardiovascularfitnessinmiddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.在中年時改善人們的心血管健康狀況可能會延緩甚至防止他們患上癡呆癥。(2021·北京)AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththeplanet.任何選擇阿拉斯加平均河流時間的人將會與我們的星球和諧共處。(2021·北京)“Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits,”theDecemberwarninglettersays,“canwehavethehopetoreducetheirspeed,severityandharm.”“只有當我們討論出我們的生物物理學限制的后果,”12月的警告信中說,“我們才能有希望降低它們的速度、嚴重程度和危害。”提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙channelA.n.頻道B.n.海峽,水渠,航道C.n.途徑,渠道D.v.把錢或精力導向(某一特定目的)；引導Complaintsmustbemadethroughtheproperchannels.CEverytimehegetshome,hewillchangechannelstowatchhisownfavouriteprogramme.AMostofhisenergywaschanneledintohiscareer,ignoringhisfamilymembers.DTheEnglishChannelisfamousallovertheworldandmostpeoplehaveheardofit.BnarrowA.adj.狹窄的B.adj.勉強的C.v.使……變窄Theyplannedtonarrowthegapbetweenimportsandexports.CSettingoffearly,wewentalonganarrowpath.AItwasanarrowvictory,byonlyfivevotes.B快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。BranchesoftheRapaRiverflowthroughthevalleybelow.支流Anexpresstrainthunderedthroughthestation.轟隆隆地快速移動Ⅱ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識Hespenttheeveningwrapping(wrap)upChristmaspresents,andeventuallyfinishedit.Whatmakeshimdepressedisthathisinjurywillpreventhimfromplayingintoday’sgame.Whatshockeduswasthathisactionledtoourteamnarrowlywinning(win)thematch.Afterall,notonlyisplasticmaterialharmful(harm)totheenvironment,butalsodoesharmtopeople’shealth.Theamazingproject,designed(design)tohelpthelocalsinneed,didn’tworkoutasplanned.Thegovernmenthasgiventoppriority(prior)tothecompletionoftheproject.Eventually,theteamfoundasolutiontothetoughproblem,makingthebosspleased(please).Thereisalimittotheusageofthespecialmaterialsinthelaboratory.IhopewhatIhavewrittenwillbeofbenefittosomeoneelsewhomayfeelthesameway.單句寫作——應用文增分練(應用文寫作之邀請外國朋友參加讀書月活動)將有2000多名師生參加這次讀書月活動。(therebe句型)Therewillbemorethan2,000studentsandteachersparticipatingintheReadingMonthactivity.這項旨在激發(fā)學生讀書興趣的活動在我們學生中很受歡迎。(design)Theactivitydesignedtoarousestudents’interestinreadingbooksispopularamongusstudents.通過讀這些書你可以加強對中國的理解又可以提高漢語。(強調句型)ItisthroughreadingthesebooksthatyoucanenhanceyourunderstandingofChinaandimproveyourChinese.要了解中國深遠的歷史和豐富的文化,并克服文化壁壘,沒有比這更好的方法了。(“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義)ThereisnobetterwaytolearnaboutChineseprofoundhistoryandrichcultureandovercomeculturalbarriers.我確定,這個讀書月活動對像你這樣的漢語愛好者很有益。(benefit)I’mdefinitelysurethattheReadingMonthactivitywillgreatlybenefitChineseloverslikeyou.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]情感描寫sheetn.(冰或水等的)一大片Hewasaswhiteasasheet.他面無血色。harmonyn.融洽相處,和諧動作描寫preventv.阻擋,防止harmv.傷害,損害wrapv.包,裹wrapone’sarmsaround擁抱thunderv.打雷;轟隆地響;大聲斥責環(huán)境描寫shallowadj.淺的pleasantadj.令人愉快的grandadj.宏偉的,壯麗的waterfalln.瀑布tunneln.隧道desertn.沙漠,荒漠climaten.氣候branchn.樹枝[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。(改編自2021·新高考全國Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫)看到一片狼藉,蓋茨先生很生氣,以致無法克制住自己的憤怒。他轉過身憤怒地大聲說：“你最好解釋一下發(fā)生了什么！”富蘭克林躲在門后,面無血色。過了很長時間之后,富蘭克林終于鼓起勇氣走了出來。他解釋說：“我是想給你創(chuàng)造一個驚喜,爸爸?！甭犃藘鹤拥脑?蓋茨先生淚如泉涌,擁抱了他。然后他對兒子說：“我知道你不是故意的。我從來沒有像現在這樣高興和自豪過。請原諒我,我的兒子?！盇tthesightofthemess,MrGateswassoangrythathecouldn’tcontainhisanger.Heturnedaroundandthunderedinanger,“You’dbetterexplainwhat’sgoingon！”Hidinghimselfbehindthedoor,Franklinwentwhiteasasheet.Afterwhatseemedforages,Franklineventuallygatheredcouragetocomeout.Heexplained,“Iwastryingtocreateasurpriseforyou,Dad.”Hearinghiswords,withtearswellingup,MrGateswrappedhisarmsaroundhim.Thenhesaidtohisson,“Iknowyoudidn’tdoitbydesign.NeverhaveIbeenmorepleasedandproud.Pleaseforgiveme,myson.”詞形變化填空(每小題2分,共20分)Hedidmanythingstopleasehisgirlfriend,andhethoughtitwouldbeapleasantthingifshewaspleasedwithhim.(please)Theexpertsaysthestrangefruitdoesnoharmtoourhealth.Inotherwords,itisharmless.(harm)Whenitcomestoconsumption,consumersinthedevelopedcountriesconsumethemostenergyintheworld.(consume)TheclubisbeneficialtothosewhowanttolearnChinese.Joinit,andyouwillbenefitalotfromit.(benefit)Thosenaughtychildrenontheplaygroundareveryenergeticandtheyseemtohavelimitlessenergy.(energy)Aperson’slifeislimitedbutknowledgeislimitless.(limit)Ifeveryonecanliveinharmonywithothers,oursocietywillbecomemoreharmonious.(harmony)HenryAdams,asailor,wascarriedouttoseabyastrongwindwhilesailing.(sail