2024屆高考英語一輪總復習選擇性必修第三冊Unit5Poems教師用書

UNIT5POEMS一、閱讀詞匯——在詞塊中明義1．sitonthelawn 坐在草坪上2．teaseothers 取笑別人3．acoreteam 一支核心隊伍4．anupdatedversion 最新版本5．thenewera 新時代6．seasonalvariations 季節(jié)性變化7．apieceofstring 一段細繩8．anamateurplayer 一名業(yè)余運動員9．inagoodmood 好心情10．takeabookfromtheshelf 從架上拿了一本書二、表達詞匯——在語境中活用(一)在括號內寫出藍體詞匯在語境中的漢語意思1．Wecouldputsomeofthepicturesoveronthatblankwalloverthere.(adj.空白的)2．Richindustrializedcountrieshavesowntheseedsofglobalwarming.(vt.播種)3．Wewerenotabletomeetthedeadlinebecauseofmanufacturingdelays.(n.最后期限)4．Let'shaveajumpingcontest.(n.比賽)5．Eachmorningheshavedandpolishedhisshoes.(v.拋光)6．Somepeopleenjoythemselveswherevertheyare.(conj.在任何地方)7．Thesituationinthisareaisverycomplicated.(adj.復雜的)(二)寫出藍體詞匯的語境之義及拓展形式1．Wordscannotexpressmysorrow.(n.悲傷)拓展：sorrowfuladj.悲傷的2．Shecanrecitethewholepoemfrommemory.(vt.背誦)拓展：recitationn．背誦3．Isthistestagoodmeasureofreadingcomprehension？(n.理解力)拓展：comprehendv．理解→comprehensiveadj.綜合的；詳盡的4．Weexpressedoursympathyforherloss.(n.同情)拓展：sympatheticadj.同情的；有同情心的；贊同的5．ShestillcorrespondswithfriendsshemetinMajorcanineyearsago.(vi.通信)拓展：correspondencen．來往信件；通信聯系→correspondingadj.相應的；相關的→correspondentn．通訊員；記者三、詞塊短語——在語境中辨義活用寫出或選出加藍部分在語境中的漢語意思1．Hewasstrugglingtoholdontoarockonthefaceofthecliff.抓住2．Let'skeeptothepoint,orwewillneverreachanyconclusions.切題3．BeatrixPotterisastorywriterwhosebooksaboutanimalshavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.翻譯成4．Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgood.有意義5．Wemadealistoffivethingsyoushouldrememberathotelcheckout.列……清單6．Theresearchteamismadeupofteachersandpupils,whoseagesvaryfrom15to45.CA．彌補 B．填寫C．由……組成 D．理解四、經典句式——在佳句背誦中品悟規(guī)則用法1.教材原句Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplecomposepoetry.(why引導定語從句)人們寫詩的原因多種多樣。寫作亮句(2021·浙江1月高考寫作)ThereasonwhyweholdthiscolorfuleventisthatwecanexchangeideasabouttheculturaldifferencesbetweenNewZealandandChina.我們舉辦這次豐富多彩的活動的原因是我們能就關于新西蘭和中國文化之間的差異交流意見。文化典句ThereasonwhyIlovewesternmusicisthatthepieceofmusicnamedFateSymphonybyBeethovenhasinspiredmetomoveonwhenIamindifficulty.我喜歡西方音樂的原因是貝多芬的《命運交響曲》在我遇到困難的時候激勵我繼續(xù)前進。2.教材原句Thepoemsmaynotmakesenseandevenseemcontradictory,buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite.(“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo”結構)這些童謠也許沒有道理，甚至自相矛盾，但是很容易學和背誦。寫作亮句(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)Wefindthattheplotisdifficulttoadapt.我們發(fā)現這個情節(jié)很難改編。3.教材原句Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,youmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsofyourown.(with復合結構)有這么多不同的詩歌形式可供選擇，你可能最終想自己寫幾首詩。寫作亮句(2021·浙江6月高考寫作)Withmanytraditionalworkstoenjoy,I'msurethestudentswillthinkhighlyofthisexhibition.有許多傳統作品可以欣賞，我相信學生們一定會對這次展覽給予高度評價。五、名著精美語段選摘——在背誦中品悟如何寫靚寫美AnexcerptfromJaneEyreIcreptoutofthesitting-roomandintothesmallroomnextdoor,whereIchoseabookfullofpicturesfromthebookcase.Iclimbedontothewindow-seatanddrewthecurtains,sothatIwascompletelyhidden.Isatthereforawhile.SometimesIlookedoutofthewindowatthegreyNovemberafternoon,andsawtherainpouringdownontheleaflessgarden.ButmostofthetimeIstudiedthebookandstared,fascinated,atthepictures.Lostintheworldofimagination,Iforgotmysad,lonelyexistenceforawhile,andwashappy.Iwasonlyafraidthatmysecrethiding-placemightbediscovered.我悄悄退出起居室，走進隔壁的小房間，從書架上選了一本圖畫書。我爬上窗臺，拉好窗簾，把自己整個藏了起來。我坐了一會兒，時而望望窗外。11月的午后天氣陰沉，大雨傾瀉在禿枝枯葉的花園里。不過大部分時候，我認真讀著書，完全被書中的圖畫吸引住了。我沉浸在想象的世界中，暫時忘掉了傷心和孤單，只感到快活。我唯一擔心的就是我的秘密藏身處可能會被發(fā)現。[點評]本段話中運用“creepoutof...”，“climbonto...”，“hidden”，“hiding-place”等表達Jane自幼孤苦無依；運用“greyNovemberafternoon”，“therainpouringdown”，“theleaflessgarden”等自然環(huán)境描寫來烘托主題，映射Jane的可憐處境；運用“fascinated”，“Lostintheworldofimagination,forget...andwashappy.”等表明了Jane是一個獨立有自我世界的女孩。1．sorrown．悲傷；悲痛；傷心事vi.感到悲傷[題點全練](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Whenheheardthenews,hisfacelookedsuddenlysorrowful(sorrow)．②Lookingattheruinedhouse,theoldmanshookhisheadsorrowfully(sorrowful).③Youcanshare_your_happiness_and_sorrow_withyourfriend.你可以和朋友分享你的快樂和悲傷。④To_their_sorrow,_theylostanimportantchanceofachievingsuccess.讓他們傷心的是，他們失去了一次獲得成功的重要機會。⑤Onlywhenwe_are_in_sorrowcanwerealizethetrueworthofhappiness.只有當我們處于悲傷之中時，我們才能意識到幸福的真正價值。⑥Thelossofsightandhearingthrew_him_into_great_sorrow.視覺和聽覺的喪失使他陷入了巨大的悲傷之中。[系統歸納](1)insorrow 悲傷地，傷心地toone'ssorrow 讓某人傷心的是throwsb.intosorrow 使某人陷入悲傷之中sharehappinessandsorrow 同甘共苦(2)sorrowfuladj. 悲傷的；傷心的sorrowfullyadv. 悲傷地2．recitevt.背誦；吟誦；列舉[題點全練](單句語法填空/完成句子)①Eachchildhadtoreciteapoemtotheclass.②WhenIcamebackhome,mylittlesonwouldreciteallhedidinkindergartentome.③Afterreadingthepoemseveraltimesallthestudentscanrecite_it_fluently.把這首詩讀了幾遍后，所有的學生都能流利地背誦了。[系統歸納](1)reciteapoem 背誦詩歌recitesth.tosb. 給某人背誦……；告訴某人……(2)recitationn. 背誦3．sympathyn．同情；贊同[題點全練](單句語法填空/句型轉換)①Afterhearingthestory,hefeltsympathyforherpresentsituation.②Whathehaddonewonthesympathyofjudges.③I'minsympathywithyoutosomeextent.④Outofsympathy(sympathetic)forthehomelesschildren,hegavethemshelterforthenight.⑤Weallfeltsympatheticwiththevictimsoftheearthquake.→Weallhad_sympathy_forthevictimsoftheearthquake.(sympathy)[系統歸納](1)feel/have/expresssympathyfor... 同情……winthesympathyof... 得到……的同情insympathywith... 同情……；贊成……； 和……一致outofsympathy 出于同情(2)表示“同情”之意的還有：pity(憐憫；同情),mercy(仁慈；憐憫),compassion(同情)。1．correspondvi.相一致；符合；相當于；通信[題點全練]單句語法填空①Iassureyoumyactionswillcorrespondwith/tomywords.②Youraccountoftheaccidenthadlittlecorrespondence(correspond)withthestorytheotherdrivertold.一句多譯請與我保持通信聯系，并告知我你的暑假計劃。③Pleasekeep_up_correspondence_with_meandtellmeyourplanforthesummervacation.(correspondence)④Pleasekeep_in_touch_with_meandtellmeyourplanforthesummervacation.(touch)[進階學習]系統歸納(1)correspondto相當；相等；和……一致correspondwith與……通信；和……相一致/相符合(2)correspondencen．來往信件；通信聯系；相似keepupcorrespondencewithsb.與某人保持通信聯系incorrespondencewith和……一致；與……有通信聯系聯想拓展keepupcorrespondencewithsb.與keepintouchwithsb.同義，都表示“與某人保持聯系”。[練重難點](單句語法填空)⑤Theyarealwaysonmymind,however,andIthinkIwillcertainlymakeanefforttokeepupcorrespondencewiththeminfuture.⑥Someofmyclassmatesareinfavouroftakingphonestoschoolbecausetheycankeepintouchwiththeirparents.2．bemadeupof由……組成(構成)[題點全練](完成句子)①Animals'bodiesare_made_up_ofcells.動物的身體是由細胞組成的。②We'reworkinghardtotrytomake_up_forthelosttime.我們正努力工作，試圖彌補失去的時間。③Thispassagejustdidn'tmake_sensetome,nomatterhowIreadit.不管我怎么讀，這篇文章對我來說就是講不通。[進階學習]系統歸納makeupfor彌補makeout填寫；辨認出；理解makesense講得通；有意義辨析比較bemadeof由……制成(能看出原材料)bemadefrom由……制成(看不出原材料)[練重難點](用of/from填空)④Thedoorsofthepalaceweremadeofbeatengold.⑤Thesurfacesaremadefromamaterialthatdoesn'tmark.why引導定語從句[用法規(guī)則](1)thereason(s)why...意為“……的原因”，why相當于forwhich，引導定語從句，修飾先行詞reason。(2)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...意為“……的原因是……”，用that引導表語從句，而不用because。(3)當reason在句中作定語從句的賓語時，關系代詞用that或which，或者省略關系代詞。如：Thereason(that/which)heexplainedtouswasthathehadn'treadthebookbefore.[應用體驗](完成句子/句型轉換)①(2019·江蘇高考書面表達)There_are_several_reasons_whywearingschooluniformsisagoodidea.為什么穿校服是個好主意有幾個原因。②Oneday,mentallyexhausted,I_wrote_down_all_the_reasons_whythisproblemcouldnotbesolved.一天，我心力交瘁，寫下了這個問題為什么無法解決的所有原因。③The_reason_why_Tom_looks_angryisthathehasquarrelledwithhisbrother.湯姆看起來生氣的原因是他和他的兄弟吵架了。④Thereasonwhyhediedyoungwashispoorhealth.→Thereasonfor_whichhediedyoungwashispoorhealth.eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(寫作主題——文學作品之詩歌)))文學是語言文字的藝術，是社會文化的一種重要表現形式。文學代表一個民族的藝術和智慧。閱讀文學作品可以積累豐富的文化知識、提高文學素養(yǎng)、樹立正確的價值觀。“詩歌”是文學作品的主要形式之一。中國詩歌是中華文明的重要組成部分，是中國傳統文化的符號。2020年江蘇高考書面表達要求分析中國題材紀錄片《杜甫：中國最偉大的詩人》受到外國朋友歡迎的原因，該寫作屬于本主題的延伸。LiBaiandhisromanticpoetry(節(jié)選自譯林版教材選擇性必修第一冊UNIT4)Withstrikingimaginationinexpressionslike“scaringdwellersonhigh”，thisearlypoemalreadydisplayedsignsofaromanticstyle,whichwaslatertocharacterizeLiBai'spoetry.(總述了浪漫主義風格是李白詩歌的特色)LiBai'sloveofreadingandtravellingfromanearlyagecontributedtohisromanticstyle.(該句是段落主旨句)Hestartedstudyingtheclassicswhenhewasonlyfiveyearsold,andwasreadingancientphilosophersofdifferentschoolsattheageoften,includingConfucianismandTaoism.Byreadingbooksofallkinds,fromlegendstohistoricalstories,hefamiliarizedhimselfwithclassicalChineseculture,andmoreimportantly,heacquiredthewisdomofpreviousgenerations.(從個人經歷方面探討了李白詩歌的浪漫主義風格的形成原因)?LiBai'sromanticstylewasalsodeeplyrootedinthesocialandhistoricalcontextinwhichhelived.(該句是段落主旨句)LiBaigrewupinthemostgloriousperiodoftheTangDynasty,atimeofeconomicboomandsocialstability.ThisopenandtolerantatmosphereallowedLiBaithelibertytodevelopafreeandunconstrainedpersonality,which,inturn,hadahugeimpactonhispoeticproduction.(從他所處的社會歷史環(huán)境方面探討了李白詩歌的浪漫主義風格的形成原因)?EquallyimpressiveisLiBai'sfreeexpressionofstrongfeelings,whichbreathesvitalityintothelifelessobjectshedescribes,andwhichdistinguisheshimfromotherlandscapepoets.ThesefeaturesareinseparablefromLiBai'swideuseofexaggeration,metaphorandotherartistictechniques.(從情感的抒發(fā)和藝術手法的運用方面探討了李白詩歌的浪漫主義風格的形成原因)Withhisextraordinaryimagination,freeexpressionofstrongfeelingsandmasteryoflanguage,LiBaiiswidelyrecognizedasthegreatestromanticpoetafterQuYuan.Generationsofpoets，bothinChinaandabroad,oweadebttohisinspirationalpoems.OnesuchpoetisEzraPound,a20th-centuryAmericanpoet.HewasfascinatedbyLiBai'spoemsandtranslatedsomeoftheminhis1915poetrycollectionentitledCathay.TodayLiBai'spoetrycontinuestobeenjoyedbycountlessreadersaroundtheworld.(綜述了李白的詩歌成就及其影響)由教材學寫法1．學亮點詞匯第一段的displayed在此有“呈現，顯露”之意，能更好地表達出本句語意“顯現出浪漫主義風格的跡象”，同時該句中的另一動詞characterize在表達“成為李白詩歌的特色”這一語意時，更精確、地道。此外，第二段中的contributed,familiarized等動詞的使用也是各有妙處。第三段中的root是名詞作動詞使用，令表達效果更生動、形象。2．學高級句式句?中inwhich引導定語從句，修飾先行詞context，具體指出了李白的浪漫主義風格深植于他所處的社會歷史環(huán)境中。句?中，主句的表語Equallyimpressive前置，引起倒裝，使下文and連接的which引導的兩個并列定語從句與先行詞expression的聯系更緊密，更易于讀者理解句意。3．學行文邏輯本文寫作結構為“總—分—總”。文章介紹了李白詩歌中浪漫主義風格的淵源。文章先是總述了李白詩歌的浪漫主義風格，然后采用分敘法從李白詩歌的浪漫主義風格形成的個人因素、社會因素及其個人寫作手法等三個方面把頭緒紛繁、錯綜復雜的事情，寫得條理清晰，有條不紊。文章最后對李白進行高度評價并介紹了其詩歌的廣泛影響。Ⅰ.多積詞塊——豐富表達方式1．appealtosb. 對某人有吸引力2．adapt...from... 根據……改編3．bringsb.happiness 給某人帶來愉悅4．besetin 以……為背景5．haveaneffecton 對……有影響6．enrichone'slife 豐富某人的生活7．thekeytosuccess 成功的關鍵8．comeout 出版9．gothroughmanydifficulties 經歷許多困難10．haveastronginterestin 對……有著濃厚的興趣11．atthetopofthebest-sellerlist 位居暢銷書榜首12．intermsof 從……角度看；關于；至于13．leavesb.adeepimpression 給某人留下深刻印象14．wintheNobelPrizeinLiterature 獲得諾貝爾文學獎Ⅱ.多積佳句——彰顯表達功底1．Poetryshowsusastrongpowerandmakesusfeelsubtleemotion.詩歌給我們展示了一種強大的力量，使我們感受到微妙的情感。2．Someclassicworksnotonlyofferusjoyandexcitement,butalsoencourageustothinkcritically.一些經典作品不僅給我們帶來歡樂和興奮，而且鼓勵我們批判性地思考。3．Nowadays,manyfamouspoetsinancientChinaandtheirgreatworksarestillinfluencingus，amongwhomLiBai,DuFuandBaiJuyiaremyfavouriteones.如今，中國古代許多著名詩人及其偉大作品仍在影響著我們，其中李白、杜甫、白居易是我最喜愛的詩人。4．SheisveryfondofChineseclassicalliteratureandhasspentsometimereadingTangandSongpoetry,etc.她很喜歡中國古典文學，并花了一些時間讀唐詩、宋詞等。5．TheLiteratureSocietyrecommendedavarietyofgoodbooks,encouragingustogetpleasureoutofreading.文學社推薦了各種各樣的好書，鼓勵我們從讀書中獲得樂趣。一、作文補寫表達亮下面是一封向外國朋友Tom介紹詩人李白的書信。請根據提示，運用上面所學，將文章補充完整。DearTom，Gladtohearfromyou.Ifeelproud?knowing_you_are_interested_in_Tang_poems(得知你對唐詩感興趣；分詞短語作狀語)．?As_for_my_favourite_poet(至于我最喜歡的詩人),itmustbeLiBai.LivinginagoldenageofChinesepoetry,LiBaiisbestknownfor?his_extraordinary_imagination_and_striking_exaggeration(他非凡的想象力和驚人的夸張)inhispoetry,aswellasforhisgreatloveforwine.LiBaiisregardedas?the_greatest_romantic_poet(最偉大的浪漫詩人)oftheTangDynasty.?What_I_appreciate_most(我最欣賞的；主語從句)arehislandscapepoems,?which_are_clear_and_natural(這些詩清晰、自然；非限制性定語從句)inwordswithprofoundmessages.Theyconveyhisstronglovefornature,friendsandthepeople.Bestwishes.Yourssincerely，LiHua二、續(xù)寫語段思維活結合主題，根據下面給出的開頭語和情節(jié)脈絡續(xù)寫一個80詞左右的片段，注意點出“在贊美和質疑之間，我們應找到自己正確的方向”。情節(jié)脈絡：八、九歲的時候，“我”寫了第一首詩→母親對它大加贊賞，得到鼓勵的“我”自信地期待著父親的認可→晚上，父親下班回家看到“我”寫的詩→與母親截然相反，他認為這首詩寫的糟糕透頂→意外的打擊令“我”傷心不已……AfewyearslaterItookasecondlookatthefirstpoem,andIhadtoagreewithmyfather'sjudgment.參考范文：AfewyearslaterItookasecondlookatthefirstpoem,andIhadtoagreewithmyfather'sjudgment.Itwasaprettyterriblepoem.AsIworkedmywayintootherbooksandplaysandfilms,itbecameclearerandclearertomehowfortunateIhadbeen.Ihadamotherwhosaid,“Buddy,didyoureallywritethis?Ithinkit'swonderful！”andafatherwhoshookhisheadanddrovemetotearswith,“Ithinkit'slousy.”Infact,everyoneofusinlifeneedsthatmotherforceandfatherforce.Itisbetweenthetwopolesofpraiseanddoubt,bothinthenameoflove,thatwetrytofollowourtruecourse.課時作業(yè)(一)語篇閱讀訓練——保準度Ⅰ.閱讀理解ANopoemshouldeverbediscussedor“analyzed”untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,ateacherorastudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,eventually,themostconcrete“interpretation(解釋)”ofit,suggestingtone,rhymes,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilms,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandtheteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit.Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan“analyzing”itand“exchangingofviews”，ifthereisn'ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetryandtakeiteasywhenwearereadingapoem.Poetryis“acriticismoflife”，and“aheightening(提升)oflife”.Itis“amostappropriateapproachtothetruthoffeeling”，andit“cantransformyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermusttryoutpoetry-teaching.Thosewhodon'tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoconveythatnegativefeelingtoanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmake_roomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文介紹了鑒賞和學習詩歌的方法。)1．Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould________.A．discussitwithothersB．analyzeitbyoneselfC．copyitdowninanotebookD．practisereadingitaloud解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段的內容特別是第一句“Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor‘analyzed’untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,ateacherorastudent.”可知答案選D。2．Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents________.A．tounderstandlife B．toenjoypoetryC．tobecometeachers D．tobecomepoets解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段第二句“Ithinkoneofour...studentslovepoetryandtakeiteasywhenwearereadingapoem.”可知選B。3．Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?A．Morestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.B．Poetryismoreimportantthananyotherliteraturegenre.C．Onecannotenjoylifefullywithoutagoodunderstandingofpoetry.D．Poetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses.解析：選A推理判斷題。第三段主要講述了要欣賞詩歌以及詩歌對生活的重大影響，因此在教學中應當重視詩歌教學。4．Theunderlinedphrase“makeroom”inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby“________”．A．buildaboothB．provideequipmentC．leaveacertainamountoftimeD．setasideenoughspace解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據第三段第一句“Ihavecometothink...‘exchangingofviews’，ifthereisn'ttimeforboth.”及最后一段中的“intheclassroomforhearingpoetry”可知選C。BAmasterofwords,aliterarygeniusandaphilosopher,RussianauthorLeoTolstoy(1828－1910)isknownbymanyasthegreatestwriterofalltime.Evenatpresent,manyyearsafterhisdeath,histwogreatestmasterpieces,WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina,continuetobewidelyread,appreciatedandhighlyinfluential.“Iftheworldcouldwritebyitself,itwouldwritelikeTolstoy，”theRussianauthorIsaakBabeloncesaid.Tolstoy'srealisticfictionisfamousforitspowersofobservationandabilitytominethedepthsofhumanconsciousness,suchasthepsychologicalexplorationofamarriedwomaninAnnaKarenina.InWarandPeace,TolstoyalsodescribesRussia'snationalsoulandexpressespublicunitythroughhismanycharacters.Hischaractersfeelalive;theygrow,theychangeandtheystickinthemindsofreaderslongafterthefinalpageisturned.Tolstoy'sinfluenceonliteratureiswithoutcomparison.Authorsregularlymentionhisnovelsastheirhighestambition,worksthattheycouldonlydreamofwritingthemselves.AmericanwriterFrancisScottcalledTolstoythe“greatestofallnovelists”inhisessay.Hewrote,“fromhisfirstwords,wecanbesureofonethingatanyrate—hereisamanwhoseeswhatwesee,whoproceeds,too,asweareaccustomedtoproceeding,notfromtheoutsideinwardsbutfromtheinsideoutwards.”“Hedefendsfundamentalvaluessuchaslove,friendshipandfamilyrelations.Hegivespositiveanswerstothequestionsmankindisasking.Inthissensehegivesmorehope，”Tolstoy'sgreat-greatgrandson,VladimirIlyichTolstoy,said.Tolstoy'smessageofpeacehasevenhadaneffectontherealworld.HeinspiredtheleaderofIndia'sindependencemovement,MahatmaGhandi,andhisphilosophyofnon-violenceoverthecourseofayearinwhichtheywroteletterstoeachother.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過引用一些人對托爾斯泰的評論，說明了托爾斯泰的成就和巨大影響力。5．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphintendtotellus?A．ThewritingstyleofTolstoy.B．Tolstoy'sinfluenceonotherauthors.C．ThecharactersinTolstoy'sworks.D．TheintroductiontothegreatestworksofTolstoy.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第二段第二、三句可知，兩處均提到了托爾斯泰作品的寫作風格：現實主義和民族精神。所以本段主要表達的是托爾斯泰作品的寫作風格。6．WhichwordscanbestdescribeTolstoyaccordingtothepassage?A．Humorousandcaring.B．Determinedandoptimistic.C．Productiveandhard-working.D．Insightfulandpeace-loving.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據第三段最后一句可以看出，托爾斯泰是極具洞察力的一個人；根據最后一段第一句可知，托爾斯泰是一個具有和平信念的人。7．HowdoestheauthorintroduceTolstoyinthispassage?A．Bycontrastingwithotherauthors.B．Byanalyzingcharacteristicsofhisworks.C．Byquotingcommentsandopinions.D．Bydescribinghisdeedsinlife.解析：選C推理判斷題。本文主要通過引用一些人對托爾斯泰的評論和觀點來說明他的影響力。8．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TolstoyandHisWorksB．Tolstoy'sLifeandAchievementsC．WarandPeace:aGreatMasterpieceD．Tolstoy:aWriterBeyondComparison解析：選D標題歸納題。文章主要說明了托爾斯泰的成就和巨大影響力。文學大師、文學天才、哲學家是對他的成就及影響力的肯定。選項D符合題意。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Howdoyouwriteastory?Howiswritingashortstorydifferentfromwritinganovel?Thesearedifficultquestionstoanswer.__9__Butifyouwanttowriteashortstory,hereareseveraltipstohelpyougetstarted.Realwritersread.AsStephenKingsaid,“Ifyoudon'thavetimetoread,youdon'thavetimetowrite.”__10__Evenifyou'vereadhundredsofstories,studyingoneortwocloselywillhelpimproveyourunderstandingoftheshortstoryform.Someguidessuggestfocusingonwritinganattractivefirstparagraphfirst.__11__Instead,justwrite.Don'tworryaboutwhatcomesout.It'snotimportant.Youjustneedtogetyourshortstorystarted.__12__Afteryouwriteyourfirstdraft,youneedtostartcutting,rewritingandeditingyourshortstory.Thisisthehardestpartofwritingashortstory.However,don'tgiveup.You'realmostthere.Beforeyousubmit(提交)yourshortstory,makesureyouhavereaditaloudseveraltimestofindanyerrors.Thenskimsomeliterary(文學的)magazinesandreadtheirguidelinestoknowifyourshortstorywillbeagoodfit.__13__Itwillbehardtoletgoofyourshortstory,butyoucannotgetitpublishedifyoudon'tsubmitit.A．Allgoodwritingisrewriting.B．Sendyourworkoutintotheworld.C．Getsomesuggestionsfromotherwriters.D．Therearesomanytypesofshortstoriesandnovels.E．Ifyouwanttobeawriter,youshouldconsiderwritingshortstories.F．Ifyou'veneverreadashortstory,you'regoingtohaveadifficulttimewritingone.G．Whileit'simportant,itputsalotofpressureonyouwhenyouwriteyourshortstory.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。作者就如何寫一篇短篇故事提出了建議。)9．選D本段第一、二句提問如何寫故事，寫短篇故事與寫小說有何不同，第三句承接上兩句，講的是“這些是很難回答的問題”。D項“有那么多類型的短篇故事和小說”解釋了這些問題為什么難回答，而且與第二句中出現的shortstory和novel相呼應，符合語境。10．選F本段第一句點明本段主題：閱讀對于作家的重要性。設空前一句講如果一個人沒時間閱讀，那也就沒時間寫作，F項“如果你從來沒有讀過短篇故事，你將很難寫出一篇來”承接上文。11．選G設空前一句講的是“一些指南建議先集中精力寫一個吸引人的開頭”，空后一句意思是“恰恰相反，去寫就可以了”，Instead表示轉折，設空處需要填一個承上啟下的句子，G項“雖然它很重要，但是當你寫短篇故事時，它會給你帶來很大的壓力”切題。12．選A設空后一句講的是“寫完了你的初稿之后，你需要開始刪減、重寫和編輯你的短篇故事”，句中rewriting是關鍵信息，A項“所有好的作品都是重寫得來的”與之呼應。13．選B設空后一句提及了要投稿的問題，submit為關鍵詞，B項“向外界寄出你的作品”切題。Ⅲ.完形填空Iwillneverforgetonesummerinmychildhood.Whilewalkingintheattic(閣樓),Isteppedonsomethingand__14__down,withmyhandlandingonafloorboard.WhenI__15__andlookedinsidetheopenspace:Therewasgoldinthere!I__16__ahandfulofshininggoldcubes,rantothebottomstairand__17__，“Mama,Ifoundgoldupthereunderthefloor！”WhenMamaopenedthedoorand__18__herheadin,she__19__said,“Honey,that'sinsulation(隔熱材料)．Nowputitallback.”Ifeltreallydisappointed.IhadthoughtImadeareal__20__.WhenI__21__insidetoputthefakegoldback,myhandtouchedanoldbook:Bartlett'sFamiliarQuotations.Ispentquitemuchtimeonitandfound__22__inthesepages.AsIdidn'tknowhowtoexpressthingsclearly,Ioften__23__totalkaboutthem.Thisbookhelpedme__24__thatIdidn'tneedtofeelashamedor__25__.Overtheyears,I'vekeptmyoriginal__26__，whichtothisdayIoftenreferto.Althoughitwasa__27__tofindthebook,itliberatedmeinaway.Thebookdiscoveredunderthosefloorboardswas,__28__，gold.語篇解讀：作者童年時期在閣樓意外發(fā)現了Bartlett'sFamiliarQuotations這本書，被其中的內容吸引，并且收獲良多。14．A.slowed B．calmedC．looked D．fell解析：選D根據上文中的“Isteppedonsomething”及下文中的“withmyhandlandingonafloorboard”可推知，作者踩住了某個東西“摔倒”了。fall意為“摔倒，跌倒”，符合語境。15．A.bentover B．showedupC．laydown D．brokein解析：選A根據上文可知，作者“俯下身”去看，發(fā)現地板下面有金子。bendover意為“俯身”，符合語境。16．A.stole B．producedC．seized D．hid解析：選C根據下文中的“handful”以及“toputthefakegoldback”可推知，作者當時“抓”了一把金塊，朝樓下跑去，seize“抓取”，符合語境。17．A.yelled B．sighedC．admitted D．complained解析：選A根據空后的“Mama,Ifoundgold”可知，作者當時非常興奮，所以會“大喊”，yell意為“大喊”。18．A.nodded B．stuckC．lowered D．lifted解析：選B根據空后的“herheadin”可知，母親把門打開，把頭“伸”了進去，發(fā)現那只是隔熱材料。stick意為“放置”，stickherheadin表示母親將頭伸進去。19．A.simply B．thoughtfullyC．honestly D．angrily解析：選A根據下文中的“Honey,that'sinsulation(隔熱材料)．Nowputitallback.”可知，母親僅僅說它是隔熱材料，并讓作者將“金子”放回去。20．A.difference B．choiceC．mistake D．discovery解析：選D根據上文中的“Ifoundgoldupthereunderthefloor”可知，作者當時真的以為自己有了一個大的“發(fā)現”，但當被告知不是金子的時候，作者自然很失望。21．A.sat B．slidC．reached D．walked解析：選C根據下文中的“myhandtouchedanoldbook”可知，作者將手伸進去，將“假金子”放了回去，故選reach“伸手”。22．A.sympathy B．comfortC．honour D．doubt解析：選B根據上文中的“Ispentquitemuchtimeonit”可知，當時因為有了這本書，作者乏味的生活有了一些“安慰”。23．A.tended B．offeredC．managed D．hesitated解析：選D根據上文中的“Ididn'tknowhowtoexpressthingsclearly”可知，因為作者不知道如何清楚地表達事情，所以在談及它們的時候經?！斑t疑”。24．A.expect B．rememberC．realise D．imagine解析：選C根據下文中的“Ididn'tneedtofeelashamedor________”以及語境可知，這本書讓作者“意識到”，當自己表達不好的時候，不需要感到羞愧或尷尬(embarrassed)。25．A.embarrassed B．satisfiedC．astonished D．tired解析：選A參見上題解析。26．A.mind B．copyC．plan D．file解析：選B根據空前的“original”以及語境可推知，多年來，作者一直保存著自己當年發(fā)現的那本書，copy在文中意為“一本，一冊”。originalcopy表示“原本，原件”。27．A.dilemma B．disasterC．pity D．coincidence解析：選D根據上文可知，作者當時發(fā)現這本書純屬“巧合”，但即便是巧合，這本書卻在某種程度上解放了作者。28．A.still B．indeedC．normally D．hopefully解析：選B根據上文中的“itliberatedmeinaway”可知，這本書讓作者在某種程度上得到解放，對作者而言“的確”是金子。Ⅳ.語法填空eq\a\vs4\al(2023·大連模擬)Whenwereadapoem,weoftenimaginewhatthepoets__1__(think)whentheywroteorwhattheyweredoingatthetime.Thesethoughtsletusconnectwiththewordsbetter,asifwe'dcreatedthepoem__2__(we)．Willapoemstillmeanasmuc