射頻6122v批注x1exept排除法選項原文沒題c bywa

PAGEPAGE1TPO26-R-2Q1:Accordingtoparagraph1,waterprovidesallofthefollowingessentialfunctionsforplantsimprovingplants’abilitytoabsorbpreventingplantsfrombecomingtransportingservingasarawmaterialforQ2:Paragraph3suggeststhatduringadryyearproduceevenmoreseedsthaninawetdonotsproutfromtheirbloommuchlaterthaninawetaremoreplentifulthanQ3:Howisparagraph2relatedtoparagraphParagraph2providesageneraldescriptionofdesertplants,andparagraph3providesascientific

SurvivalofPlantsandAnimalsinDesertTheharshconditionsindesertsareintolerableformostplantsandanimals.Despitetheseconditions,however,manyvarietiesofplantsandanimalshaveadaptedtodesertsinanumberofways.Mostplanttissuesdieiftheirwatercontentfallstoolow:thenutrientsthatfeedplantsaretransmittedbywater;waterisarawmaterialinthevitalprocessofphotosynthesis;andwaterregulatesthetemperatureofaplantbyitsabilitytoabsorbheatandbecausewatervaporlosttotheatmospherethroughtheleaveshelpstolowerplanttemperatures.■Watercontrolsvolumeofplantmatterproduced.■Thedistributionofplantswithindifferentareasofdesertisalsocontrolledbywater.■Someareas,becauseoftheirsoiltexture,topographicalposition,ordistancefromriversorgroundwater,havevirtuallynowateravailabletoplants,whereasothersThenatureofplantlifeindesertsisalsohighlydependentonthefactthattheyhavetoadapttotheprevailingaridity.Therearetwogeneralclassesofvegetation:long-livedperennials,whichmaybesucculent(water-storing)andareoftendwarfedandwoody,andannualsorephemerals,whichhaveashortlifecycleandmayformafairlydensestandimmediatelyafterrain.

[x1]:EXEPTAtheatmospherethroughtheleaveshelpstolowerplanttemperatures.aretransmittedbywaterD選項：waterisarawmaterialinthevitalprocessofphotosynthesis[x2]:Suggest推理題：AB選項，正確，定位句為：Thisdesertsoil.這句話說在雨季，會產生CD批注[x3]:文章結構題：問第2段和第3段之間的關系，第二段先提出兩 categories,andparagraph3providescategories,andparagraph3providesParagraph2dividesdesertplantsintoinformationinformationaboutoneoftheseParagraph2proposesonewayofdividingdesertplantsintocategories,andparagraph3explainsoneproblemwiththismethodofclassification.Paragraph2discussestwocategoriesofdesertplants,andparagraph3introducesathirdcategoryof

Theephemeralplantsevadedrought.Givenayearoffavorableprecipitation,suchplantswilldevelopvigorouslyandproducelargenumbersofflowersandfruit.Thisreplenishestheseedcontentofthedesertsoil.Theseedsthenliedormantuntilthenextwetyear,whenthedesertbloomsagain.

Insayingthatephemeralswill

批注[x4]:“vigorously"whenthereisfavorabletheauthormeansthattheirdevelopmentwillstrongand

Vigorously的意思是充沛，答案自然DQ5:Theword“countering”inthepassageisinmeaningmakinguseactingQ6:Accordingtoparagraph4,somedesertplantswithrootsystemsthatareextraordinarilywelldevelopedhaverelativelylittlegrowthveryleafyabovegroundnonwoodyplanttissueresistanttowaterstoredwithintheirQ7:Theword“assured”inthepassageisclosestmeaning

Theperennialvegetationadjuststotheariditybymeansofvariousavoidancemechanisms.Mostdesertplantsareprobablybestclassifiedasxerophytes.Theypossessdrought-resistingadaptations:lossofwaterthroughtheleavesisreducedbymeansofdensehairscoveringwaxyleafsurfaces,bytheclosureofporesduringthehottesttimestoreducewaterloss,andbytherollinguporsheddingofleavesatthebeginningofthedryseason.Somexerophytes,thesucculents(includingcacti),storewaterintheirstructures.Anotherwayofcounteringdroughtistohavealimitedamountofmassabovegroundandtohaveextensiverootnetworksbelowground.Itisnotunusualfortherootsofsomedesertperennialstoextenddownwardmorethantenmeters.Someplantsarewoodyintype—anadaptationdesignedtopreventcollapseoftheplanttissuewhenwaterstressproduceswilting.Anotherclassofdesertplantisthephreatophyte.Thesehaveadaptedtotheenvironmentby

批注[x5]:詞匯題，反抗，答案是批注[x6]:細節(jié)題：定位詞：roothaveextensiverootnetworksB選項：leafyabovegroundC[x7單詞題：確保的意思，答案選擇C[x8]:A選項：foundtogetherC選項，因為這三個植物都是前面觀點句，Anotherclassofdesertplant

Whatdo“thedatepalm,tamarisk,

developmentoflongtaprootsthat

mesquite"havein

downwarduntiltheyapproachthe

D選項：breakingthroughhardTheyarealwaysfoundTheydependonsurfacewaterprovidedbystreams,springs,andlakes.TheyareTheirrootsarecapableofbreakingthroughhard

watersupplyprovidedbygroundwater.Amongtheseplantsarethedatepalm,tamarisk,andmesquite.Theycommonlygrownearstreamchannels,springs,oronthemarginsoflakes.Q9:Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?IncorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialOnewayanimalsescapeisbyenteringastateofextendeddormancy,knownasaestivation,duringthehottestanddriesttimesofyear.Animalscanescapewithoutusingdirectaction,oraestivation,simplybyreducingtheirmetabolicrateandbodytemperature.Theactionsthatananimalusestoescapeareknownasaestivation,whichsometimesinvolvesareductioninmetabolicrateorbodytemperature.Whentheweatherisespeciallyhotanddry,ananimalmaysufferfromaconditionknownasaestivation,atwhichpointtheanimalneedsto

Animalsalsohavetoadapttodesertconditions,andtheymaydoitthroughtwoformsofbehavioraladaptation:theyeitherescapeorretreat.Escapeinvolvessuchactionsasaestivation,aconditionofprolongeddormancy,ortorpor,duringwhichanimalsreducetheirmetabolicrateandbodytemperatureduringthehotseasonorduringverydryspells.

]:B選項：withoutusingdirectaction,CsometimesQ10:Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatalloftheplacesdesertanimalsretreattoprovideshadefromthesometimesbecomeareplaceswheresuppliesoffoodareleavetheanimalsvulnerableto

Seasonalmigrationisanotherformofescape,especiallyforlargemammalsorbirds.Thetermretreatisappliedtotheshort-termescapebehaviorofdesertanimals,anditusuallyassumesthepatternofadailyrhythm.Birdsshelterinnests,rockoverhangs,trees,anddenseshrubstoavoidthehottesthoursoftheday,whilemammalslikethekangarooratburrowunderground.

[x10]:推斷題：考察包含關系。就是上面那個改寫句，duringwhichanimalsreducetheirmetabolicrateand光。A選項正確。B，C，DAB選項：onlyC選項：both這個詞原文沒提，而且Thesparsedistributionofthefeathers,所

Accordingtoparagraph7,what Someanimalshavebehavioral,

conditionsarehottheostricherectsthemonitsback。adaptationhelpstheostrichcopewithhotdesertEachofitsfeathersisveryshortandItswingsproduceonlylateralairmovementwhenflapping.Itsfeathersareverythicklysetonbothitsbackanditswings.Itcanmakeitsfeathersstanduponits

andmorphological(structural)adaptationsthatenablethemtowithstandextremeconditions.Forexample,theostrichhasplumagethatissoconstructedthatthefeathersarelongbutnottoodense.Whenconditionsarehot,theostricherectsthemonitsback,thusincreasingthethicknessofthebarrierbetweensolarradiationandtheskin.Thesparsedistributionofthefeathers,however,alsoallowsconsiderablelateralairmovementovertheskinsurface,therebypermittingfurtherheatlossbyconvection.Furthermore,thebirdsorientthemselvescarefullywithregardtotheSunandgentlyflaptheirwingstoincreaseconvectioncooling.Q12:Lookatthefoursquares[■]thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtotheTheincreaseinrewardstilldidnotattractyoungpeopletothishardlife,andconvictedcriminalsandslaveswerepressedintoservicesWherewouldthesentencebestDirections:Selectfromthesevenphrasesbelowthetwophrasesthatcorrectlycharacterizespecialadaptationsfoundprimarilyindesertannualsandthethreephrasesthatcorrectlycharacterizespecialadaptationsfoundprimarilyindesertperennials.Selecteachphraseyouselectintheappropriatecolumnofthetable.Thisquestionisworth3points.

Theharshconditionsindesertsareintolerableformostplantsandanimals.Despitetheseconditions,however,manyvarietiesofplantsandanimalshaveadaptedtodesertsinanumberofways.Mostplanttissuesdieiftheirwatercontentfallstoolow:thenutrientsthatfeedplantsaretransmittedbywater;waterisarawmaterialinthevitalprocessofphotosynthesis;andwaterregulatesthetemperatureofaplantbyitsabilitytoabsorbheatandbecausewatervaporlosttotheatmospherethroughtheleaveshelpstolow