江蘇省南京市2020-2021學年高二上學期期中英語試題(解析版)

江蘇省南京市2020-2021學年第一學期高二期中試卷英語試題閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AEReaderIQDailyfreee-booksarethemainfeatureonthissite,andtherearesomefantastictitlestochoosefrom,includingalargenumberofchildren'sbooksandyoungadultnovels.TheformatisuniquetoKindlethough,sounlessyouhaveaconversion(轉換)program,youmightbeoutofluckifyou'reusingadifferente-reader.EreaderLoveThemajorityofbooksonthissiteareinthesciencefictionandromancestyles,buttherearesomejewelstobefoundintheothersectionsaswell.Youngadultreadersmayfindsomeuniquestoriestodiveinto,andthereareafewhundredmysteryandhorrornovelstoreadthroughtoo.ProjectGutenbergThissitedealsonlywitholderbookssuchasclassicnovelsandreferencematerials,andarefreeintheUnitedStatesbecausetheircopyrighthasbeenoutofdate.Gutenberghasover42,000freee-booksavailable,soanybookloverswillhaveplentyofmaterialstoreferto.Scribd.comAgreatsiteforself-publishedauthors,Scribdgivespeopletheopportunitytouploadtheirownwork,anddownloadbooksbyotherauthors.There'sasmallcatch:notallthebooksarefree.Youcanreadfreeshortpiecesofsomenovelsandthenpurchasewithalittlemoney,buttherearemanyimpressivetitlesavailablefornochargewhatsoever.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.E-booksonEReaderIQarefreeofcharge.B.Up-to-datenovelscanbefoundinProjectGutenberg.C.Scribd.comisforfamouswriterstouploadtheirwork.D.MysteryandhorrornovelsareinthemajorityonEreaderLove.2.OnwhichwebsitecanyouprobablyfindTheTimeMachinebyH.G.Wells?A.EReaderIQB.EreaderLoveC.ProjectGutenbergD.S3.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tostresstheimportanceofe-reading.B.Tocomparetheadvantagesofe-bookwebsites.C.Tointroducesearchingtechniquesfore-reading.D.Torecommendsomeonlineresourcesofe-books.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】本文是一篇應用文。主要講述的是四個供讀者下載不同類型書籍的網站。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題EReaderIQ下的“Dailyfreee-booksarethemainfeatureonthissite”（每天免費的電子書是這個網站的主要特色。）可知，這個網站上的圖書是免費的。故答案為A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標題EreaderLove下的“Themajorityofbooksonthissiteareinthesciencefictionandromancestyles”（這個網站上的大部分書籍都是科幻小說和愛情小說風格的。）可知，該網站的大部分書籍都是科幻和愛情小說。“TheTimeMachinebyH.G.Wells”威爾斯的《時間機器》是屬于科幻類的書籍。故在“EreaderLove”可以找到。故答案為B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標題EReaderIQ中“Dailyfreee-booksarethemainfeatureonthissite,”（免費的電子書是這個網站的主要特色）；以及小標題EreaderLove中“Themajorityofbooksonthissiteareinthesciencefictionandromancestyles,buttherearesomejewelstobefoundintheothersectionsaswell.”（這個網站上的大部分書籍都是科幻小說和愛情小說風格的，但也有一些珍寶可以在其他部分找到）；小標題ProjectGutenberg中“Thissitedealsonlywitholderbookssuchasclassicnovelsandreferencematerials”（這個網站只出售舊書，如經典小說和參考資料）和小標題S中“Agreatsiteforself-publishedauthors,Scribdgivespeopletheopportunitytouploadtheirownwork,anddownloadbooksbyotherauthors.”（Scribd是一個很棒的作者自助出版的網站，它讓人們有機會上傳自己的作品，并下載其他作者的書籍。）可知，本文主要目的是推薦四個可以下載不同類型書籍的網站。故答案為D。BSuckincapitalcitytrafficwithnoclearwaytoavoidthecarsaroundis,anOklahomaambulancewasatthemercyofissurroundingrush-hourdriversasItriedtomakeitswaytoaseriesofemergencycallsonSaturday-oneinvolvingayounggirlwithcancer,whohadtraveledallthewayfromLondonforhertreatment.Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.“Allofasudden,IseeasilversportscarmakingwayforustogetthroughandguidealltheTraffic,”Radford,a,doctorontheambulance,said.“Onceweactuallygetthroughallthetraffic,thissilvercarcomesovertothesideandthedriverwavestous.”AccordingtoRadford,Durant'skindnessledthedoctorstomakeittotheirsecondemergencycallontime,too,enablingthatyounggirlwithcancertogettohertreatmentsafeandsound,Forhispart,Durantshiedawayfrombeingregardedasaheroforhisactions,sayingwhathedidwasentirelyordinary.“IjustthoughtitwasSOcoolthatsomeonelikeDurantwouldtakethetimetoassistanambulancegettingtoanemergencycall,”Radfordsaid."Everythinghedidwasamazing;Durantisthehometownhero.”Forhisheroism,DurantwillbehonoredbytheOklahomaEmergencyMedicalServicesAuthority(OEMSA)asan“EverydayHero”,anawardthat'sgivenoutfourtimesayear.“Durant'sactionsareexactlyhowwethinkcitizensshouldhelpdoctorsreachtheircallsforemergencies.Heisagreatexampleofdoingone'sparttohelpthoseinneed,andhehandleditwithsuchmodesty,”anOEMSArepresentativesaid.4.Kevinwasregardedasaheromainlybecause.A.heansweredemergencycallsfordoctorsB.hecuredayounggirlfromLondonofcancerC.heguidedanambulancethroughrush-hourtrafficDhesolvedtheproblemoftrafficjaminOklahoma5.WhatdoweknowaboutOklahomafromthepassage?A.Itiswidelyknownforheavytraffic. B.Ithaspooremergencymedicalservices.C.Ithasthebestcancerexpertsintheworld. D.Itgives"EverydayHero"awardtocitizens.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeDurant?A.Warm-heartedandmodest. B.Quick-mindedandcareful.C.Athleticandintelligent. D.Mercifulandreliable.7.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BetterCity,FasterService B.BigBoy,SmallKindnessC.LargerCity,HeavierTraffic D.OrdinaryGirl,GoodLuck【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了NBA球員凱文·杜蘭特在繁忙的交通中為一輛救護車開道，使得一個女孩能夠及時接受救治。事后，杜蘭特又非常低調謙虛，被評為了“每日英雄”?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Suckincapitalcitytrafficwithnoclearwaytoavoidthecarsaroundis,anOklahomaambulancewasatthemercyofissurroundingrush-hourdrivers(由于沒有明確的道路可以避開周圍的車輛，俄克拉荷馬州的一輛救護車在高峰時段被周圍的司機困住了)”以及第二段“Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.(直到一個6英尺9英寸高的慈善家開著車穿過車道，巧妙地引導救護車從車流中開了出來，他就是著名的NBA球員凱文·杜蘭特)”可知，凱文被視為英雄，主要是因為他在高峰時段的交通中引導一輛救護車。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Forhisheroism,DurantwillbehonoredbytheOklahomaEmergencyMedicalServicesAuthority(OEMSA)asan‘EverydayHero’,anawardthat'sgivenoutfourtimesayear.(由于他的英雄舉動，杜蘭特將被俄克拉荷馬緊急醫(yī)療服務管理局授予“每日英雄”稱號，該獎項一年頒發(fā)四次)”可知，Oklahoma會給自己的居民評“每日英雄”獎。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.(直到一個6英尺9英寸高的慈善家開著車穿過車道，巧妙地引導救護車從車流中開了出來，他就是著名的NBA球員凱文·杜蘭特)”以及最后一段中“Heisagreatexampleofdoingone'sparttohelpthoseinneed,andhehandleditwithsuchmodesty(他是盡自己的力量去幫助那些需要幫助的人的一個很好的例子，而且他處理得很謙虛)”可推知，杜蘭特主動幫助他人，是個熱心的人，幫助別人后又非常低調，可知他很謙虛，故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatwasuntilacertain6-foot-9-inchdo-gooderdrovehiscarthroughthelanesandskillfullyplaceditsothattheambulancewouldbefreedfromthewebofvehicles:KevinDurant,afamousNBAplayer.(直到一個6英尺9英寸高的慈善家開著車穿過車道，巧妙地引導救護車從車流中開了出來，他就是著名的NBA球員凱文·杜蘭特)”結合主要記敘了NBA球員凱文·杜蘭特在繁忙的交通中為一輛救護車開道，使得一個女孩能夠及時接受救治。事后，杜蘭特又非常低調謙虛，被評為了“每日英雄”。可知，B選項“身形高大，樂施善舉”最符合文章標題。故選B。C(Oct.13th,2020,Reuters)TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofScienceshasdecidedtoawardtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2020toEmmanuelleCharpentierandJenniferA.Doudna“forthedevelopmentofamethodforgeneediting”.CharpentierandDoudnahavediscoveredoneofgenetechnology’ssharpesttools:theCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors.Usingthese,researcherscaneasilychangetheDNAofanimalsandplants.Thistechnologyhashadagreatimpactonthelifesciences.Itiscontributingtonewcancertreatmentandmaymakethedreamofcuringinheriteddiseases(遺傳病)cometrue.Researchersneedtomodifygenesincellsiftheywanttofindoutaboutlife’sinnerworkings.Thisusedtobedifficultandsometimesimpossible.UsingtheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors,itisnowpossibletochangethecodeoflifeinafewweeks.Thediscoveryofthesegeneticscissorswasunexpected.DuringCharpentier’sstudiesofStreptococcuspyogenes(釀膿鏈球菌),whichcausethemostharmtohumans,shediscoveredapreviouslyunknownmolecule(分子),tracrRNA.ItkillsvirusesbybreakingtheirDNA.ShestartedworkingwithDoudna,anexperiencedbiochemistin2011.Theythenreprogrammedthegeneticscissors.Intheirnaturalform,thescissorsrecognizeDNAfromviruses,butCharpentierandDoudnaprovethattheycouldbecontrolledsothattheycancutanyDNAmoleculeatagivensite.Thenitiseasytorewritethecodeoflife.SinceCharpentierandDoudnadiscoveredtheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissorsin2012,theirusehasexploded.Thistoolhascontributedtomanyimportantdiscoveriesinbasicresearch,andplantresearchershavebeenabletodevelopcropsthatcanfightpestsanddrought.Clinicaltrials(臨床試驗)ofnewcancertreatmentsareunderway,andthedreamofbeingabletocureinheriteddiseasesisabouttocometrue.Thesegeneticscissorshavetakenthelifesciencesintoanewpageand,inmanyways,arebringingthegreatestbenefittohumans.8.InwhichfieldisCRISPR/Cas9mostlyused?A.Lifescience.B.Tooldesign.C.Disasterprevention.D.Chemistryindustry.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph3referto?A.Dealingwithcancer.B.Modifyinggenesincells.C.Curinginheriteddiseases.D.Discoveringlife’sinnerworkings.10.HowdoesCRISPR/Cas9work?A.Itkillsharmfulviruses.B.Itdamageshumanorgans.C.ItmakesDNAcopyingeasier.D.ItcutsDNAmoleculeatachosenspot.11.ThepassageisaA.sciencefictionB.personalstoryC.newsreportD.bookreview【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】這是一篇新聞報導。本文主要闡述了兩位科學家夏蓬迪埃和杜娜關于“基因剪刀（CRISPR/Cas9）”的發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“CharpentierandDoudnahavediscoveredoneofgenetechnology'ssharpesttools:theCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors.Usingthese,researcherscaneasilychangetheDNAofanimalsandplants.Thistechnologyhashadagreatimpactonthelifesciences.(夏蓬迪埃和杜娜發(fā)現(xiàn)了基因技術最銳利的工具之一：CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀。利用它們，研究人員可以很容易地改變動植物的DNA。這項技術對生命科學產生了巨大的影響)”可知，夏蓬迪埃和杜娜關于基因剪刀CRISPR/Cas9的發(fā)現(xiàn)，對生命科學產生了巨大的影響?？梢姡蚣舻禖RISPR/Cas9主要應用領域是生命科學。故選A項?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Researchersneedtomodifygenesincellsiftheywanttofindoutaboutlife’sinnerworkings…UsingtheCRISPR/Cas9geneticscissors,itisnowpossibletochangethecodeoflifeinafewweeks.(研究人員如果想了解生命的內部運作方式，就需要修改細胞中的基因……使用CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀，現(xiàn)在可以在幾周內改變生命的密碼)”可知，研究人員如果想了解生命的內部運作方式，就需要修改細胞中的基因，CRISPR/Cas9基因剪刀的發(fā)現(xiàn)，使得修改細胞基因成為可能?？赏浦?，劃線詞“This”所在句的意思為“修改細胞中的基因”。故選B項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Intheirnaturalform,thescissorsrecognizeDNAfromviruses,butCharpentierandDoudnaprovethattheycouldbecontrolledsothattheycancutanyDNAmoleculeatagivensite.(在它們的自然形態(tài)中，剪刀可以識別有病毒的DNA，但夏蓬迪埃和杜娜證明它們可以被控制，這樣它們就可以在指定的位置切割任何DNA分子)”可知，兩位科學家夏蓬迪埃和杜娜已經證明了，基因剪刀能夠在指定位置切割任何DNA分子。因此，基因剪刀CRISPR/Cas9是通過切割一個選定位置的DNA分子進行工作的。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“（Oct.13th,2020,Reuters)TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofScienceshasdecidedtoawardtheNobelPrizeinChemistry2020toEmmanuelleCharpentierandJenniferA.Doudna”forthedevelopmentofamethodforgeneediting”.(（路透社，2020年10月13日）瑞典皇家科學院決定將2020年諾貝爾化學獎頒給艾曼紐·夏蓬迪埃和珍妮佛·杜娜，“因為他們開發(fā)了一種基因編輯方法”。)”以及最后一句“Thesegeneticscissorshavetakenthelifesciencesintoanewpageand,inmanyways,arebringingthegreatestbenefittohumans.(這些基因剪刀將生命科學帶入了一個新的篇章，并且在許多方面給人類帶來了最大的好處)”可知，本文主要闡述了兩位科學家艾曼紐·夏蓬迪埃和珍妮佛·杜娜對于基因剪刀的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，將生命科學帶入了一個新的篇章?？梢钥闯鲞@是一篇有關于科學的新聞報導，且第一段還有報導時間和“路透社”。由此推知，本文是一篇新聞報道。故選C項。DMygrandmaisthebestpiemakerintheworld.Sowhenshecalledmetosaythatoneofherpieswasmissing,Iknewthatitwasserious.IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.“Startfromthebeginning,”Isaid.“Icutthepumpkinpieintosixpieces,”shebegan.“Apumpkinpie!Myfavoritekind!ThisisevenmoreseriousthanIthought.”Itookoutasmallnotebookandapencil.“Now,whendidyoulastseethispie?”“Youmeanthewhole?Ibakeditthismorning,”saidGrandma.“Thenthedoorbellrang.Itwastheleafcollector.”“JustasIsuspected,”Isaid,writingdown“l(fā)eafcollector”.“Hestolethepie.”“Oh,no,”Grandmasaid.“Hejustwantedmetoknowthathewasfinished.Igavehimapieceforhisgoodjob.”Iputalinethrough"leafcollector"."Thenwhathappened?"“WhenIwentoutsidewithhispiece,themailcarrierwasthere.Shetoldmeshecouldsmellthatpiealltheway.“Aha!”Iwrotedown“mailcarrier”.“Shestolethepie.”“No,Igaveherapiecemyself.”“Goon,please.”Isaid.“Thenthephonerang,anditwasmyneighbor,GloriaKetchumwiththecats."Inoddedandwrote"G.K.”.“ShecallsmeeverydaytoseeifIneedanything.SoIinvitedherandherdaughteroverforsomepie.”“Grandma!Noonestolethepie.Yougaveawayallthepieces.Onetotheleafcollector.Anothertothemailcarrier.YouandGloriaeachhadone.Andherdaughter'sisfive.”“Altogethersixpieces!”Grandmasaid.“MaybeitwasoneofGloria'scats,ormaybeamonstertookit.”Grandmahidherfaceinherhandkerchief;Icouldn'ttellifshewaslaughingorblowinghernose.Ihadtosearchformoreclues.Iopenedthedooroftherefrigeratorandasked“What'sthis?”Grandmalookedsurprised.“That'sit!”Shesaid,“I'lljustwarmitup.Youmustbehungryfromthework,Jane!”Ididfindthepie.AnditwasdeliciousjustasIsuspected.12.WhogotapieceofpieforbringingGrandma'sgroceries?A.Theleafcollector. B.Themailcarrier. C.Theneighbor. D.Theauthor.13.WhatisGrandma'srealreasonforcallingtheauthor?A.Shefoundapieceofherpumpkinpiemissing.B.Someonewasneededtolookintothestrangecase.C.Theauthordidwellinmakingtherightjudgement.D.Shewantedtofindagoodexcusetomeettheauthor.14.Whydidn'ttheauthoropenthefridgeatfirst?A.Becauseshebelievedthepiewasstolen. B.Becauseshedidn'tknowwherethepiewas.C.Becauseshedidn'twanttoruinthegame. D.BecauseshethoughtGrandmamadeamistake.15Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. B.Youaretheappleofmyeye.C.Honestyisthebestpolicy. D.Observationisthebestteacher.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的奶奶因為找不到自己做的派，而打電話給作者，讓作者幫忙尋找的故事，最后作者也明白了這只不過是奶奶想要自己來看望她的一個借口，作者也沒有戳穿奶奶的這個游戲，體現(xiàn)了奶奶與作者之間的子孫情深?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第六段“‘Thenthephonerang,anditwasmyneighbor,GloriaKetchumwiththecats.’Inoddedandwrote‘G.K.’.‘ShecallsmeeverydaytoseeifIneedanything.SoIinvitedherandherdaughteroverforsomepie.’(“然后電話鈴響了，是我養(yǎng)貓的鄰居GloriaKetchum?！蔽尹c點頭，寫下“G.K.”?！八刻齑螂娫捊o我，問我是否需要什么。所以我邀請她和她女兒過來吃派?！?”可知，是因為鄰居給祖母帶來了雜貨，而得到了一片派。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.(我匆忙趕到奶奶家，突然意識到我已經很久沒有去看望她了)”以及最后一段“Ididfindthepie.Anditwasdelicious,justasIsuspected.(我找到了派。就像我猜想的那樣，它很美味)”可推知，奶奶給作者打電話的真正原因不是讓作者來找南瓜派，而是想要見到作者，即奶奶想找個好借口見作者。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.(我匆忙趕到奶奶家，突然意識到我已經很久沒有去看望她了)”結合文章內容，作者是一開始就識破了祖母的真正意圖，即作者很久沒有來看祖母了，祖母想念孫女，但是因為礙于面子，不好意思直說，所以說派丟了，作者也很配合祖母，所以不打開冰箱查看，是因為不想破壞了祖母的游戲。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Mygrandmaisthebestpiemakerintheworld.Sowhenshecalledmetosaythatoneofherpieswasmissing,Iknewthatitwasserious.IhurriedtoGrandma'shouseandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadn'tvisitedherinalongtime.(我奶奶做的派是世界上最好吃的。所以當她打電話告訴我她丟了一塊派時，我知道情況很嚴重。我匆忙趕到奶奶家，突然意識到我已經很久沒有去看望她了)”結合文章講述了作者的奶奶因為找不到自己做的派，而打電話給作者，讓作者幫忙尋找的故事，最后作者也明白了這只不過是奶奶想要自己來看望她的一個借口，作者也沒有戳穿奶奶的這個游戲，體現(xiàn)了奶奶與作者之間的子孫情深。可知，B選項“你是我的掌上明珠”最符合文章主旨。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。SincetheDISEASEofficiallybeganinMarch,we'vebeentoldstayinghomeisthebestwaytoavoidcatchingCovid-19.Butbeinghomebound(居家隔離）forsolongaffectsthebody,weakeningtheheartandlungsandevendamagesthebrain.___16___Thisiswhathalfayearofstayinghomecandotoyourbody.Aweekhomebound,whetheryouareworking,eatingorsleeping,seemstogiveyouasenseofcomfort.___17___That'sbecauseitcantakemonthstobuildmuscleandjustoneweektoloseit.Whenyoulosemuscle,you'renotnecessarilylosingshape,butyouarelosingstrength.Thestrongerwestay,theeasieritisforustolivelonger.Ifyou'renotexercising,you'renotraisingyourheartrate.Andwhenyourheartisn'tpumpingashard,itgetsweaker.___18___Manypatientshavefelttheirbreathingfunctionbecomeworse,becausethey'renolongerconditionedtoexercise.Exerciseistheonlykeytoimprovingbothheartandlungfunction.Ifit'snotsafetoleavethehouse,doctorsrecommenddancingorfindinghouseholdobjectsforhomestrengthtraining.___19___Exerciseproducescertainchemicalsinthebrainthatbreakdowntoxinsinthebloodandevenpreventthemfromgoingtothebrain,wheretheycankillbraincells.Theeffectsofhomeboundarehidden-liketheDISEASE,thephysicalreactionsaftermonthsofstayinghomeoftenaren'tobviousuntiltheybecomeharmfulorextreme.Keepingyourmentalandphysicalhealthwhilestayinghomerequiressomework,butit'sabetterpreparationforuncertaintyuntilCovid-19isover.___20___A.Butactually,itcanruinhard-wonfruit.B.Possibly,youcanworkoutinthegym.C.Thiskindoflifestylecanslowyourbrain,too.D.TheeffectsmaystaywithusbeyondDISEASE'send.E.Andwhenit'ssafetolivefullyagain,you'llbeprepared.F.Thesamethinghappenstoyourlungswhenyou'reinactive.G.Hopefully,thedaywillcomewhentheDISEASEissweptaway.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.C20.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章分析了因為疫情長期居家在家，對我們身體的傷害，倡導大家要動起來，強身健體，增強抵抗力！【16題詳解】上文“Butbeinghomeboundforsolongaffectsthebody,weakeningtheheartandlungsandevendamagesthebrain.（但是長期呆在家里會影響身體，削弱心臟和肺，甚至損害大腦。）”說明長期呆在家里，對身體造成不良影響。D項中theseeffects指的就是前句的“…affectsthebody…”（影響身體），故D項“這種影響可能會持續(xù)到疾病結束。”能夠與前文形成很好的銜接。故選D項。【17題詳解】上文“Aweekhomebound,whetheryouareworking,eatingorsleeping,seemstogiveyouasenseofcomfort.（一個星期回家，不管你是在工作，吃飯還是睡覺，似乎都會給你一種舒適的感覺。）”說明，在家一周似乎很舒服。下文“That'sbecauseitcantakemonthstobuildmuscleandjustoneweektoloseit.（因為鍛煉肌肉需要幾個月的時間，而減掉肌肉只需要一個星期。）”說明只有一星期就能減掉需要幾個月鍛煉才能得到的肌肉?？梢钥吹缴舷挛陌l(fā)生了轉折。選項A“但實際上，它可以毀掉來之不易的成果。”承前啟后，表達了意義的轉折。選項中hard-wonfruit代指后文的monthstobuildmuscleandjustoneweektoloseit.也就是鍛煉成果來之不易，但是毀滅起來卻很快。故選A項?！?8題詳解】上文“Ifyou'renotexercising,you'renotraisingyourheartrate.Andwhenyourheartisn'tpumpingashard,itgetsweaker.（如果你不鍛煉，你的心率就不會提高。當你的心臟不再像以前那樣跳動時，它就會變得更弱。）”說明不鍛煉，心臟就會衰弱。F項“當你不活躍的時候，同樣的事情也會發(fā)生在你的肺部?！背薪由衔模f明同樣的事情也會發(fā)生在肺部。選項中l(wèi)ungs與上文中heart形成一種并列關系。下文“Manypatientshavefelttheirbreathingfunctionbecomeworse…（許多病人感到他們的呼吸功能變差了）”說明病人呼吸功能變差了。F項中l(wèi)ungs與下文中breathing相關聯(lián)。故選F項?！?9題詳解】下文“Exerciseproducescertainchemicalsinthebrainthatbreakdowntoxinsinthebloodandevenpreventthemfromgoingtothebrain,wheretheycankillbraincells.（運動在大腦中產生某種化學物質，可以分解血液中的毒素，甚至阻止毒素進入大腦，從而殺死腦細胞。）”說明運動對大腦的影響。選項C“這種生活方式也會讓你的大腦變慢。”承接上段內容，點明本段的主題。選項中brain和下文中inthebrain以及theycankillbraincells相關聯(lián)。故選C項。【20題詳解】上文“Keepingyourmentalandphysicalhealthwhilestayinghomerequiressomework,butit'sabetterpreparationforuncertaintyuntilCovid-19isover.（在家里保持身心健康需要一些工作，但在新型冠狀病毒肺炎結束之前，這是對不確定性的更好準備。）”說明疫情期間在家保持健康是對防疫的更好準備。選項E“等到安全的時候，你就會準備好。”，是對上文的進一步總結。選項中prepared和上文中itisabetterpreparationforuncertaintyuntiltheCovid-19isover相關聯(lián)。故選E項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑?！癐hadalovelydreamlastnight,”mymumsaid,awidesmilefillingherface.“Allyougrownupkidswerethere.Wewere___21___together,allofusunderoneroof.”“Oh,”Ireplied.“You___22___youhadanightmare(夢魘）.”Perhapsit'sanAsianthing,butifitwasuptomymumIwould___23___liveathome.Iseehermostweeksandwespeakalmostdaily,butit'snever___24___.WheneverIlookforanewflattorent,shesendsme___25___:allatwo-hourridefromwork,yetjustafive-minutewalkfromherhouse.Once,sheevensavedheraddressas“___26___”inmysatnav(導航）?！癟hinkofthemoneyyouspendonrents,"shesaid."Youcould___27___itandlivewithme.”However,likemanyyoungpeople,Ineedspaceto___28___andtomakemistakes.AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.I___29___at18andhaveonlyhadthreeflatrequirementssince:cheaprent;___30___enoughtoMum'sforregularvisits;farenoughthattheyarenottooregular.___31___somethinghappenedrecently.Ifellillandwashomealone.Mumcameassoonasshecould,andonlyatthattimeIfelther___32___Iwishedthen,strongly,thatshelivedalittlenearer,a“stone'sthrowaway”___33___IhavenoplanstomovebackinwithMum,butI'vecometolearntheremightbesomemethodtohermadness:my___34___flatwillbetheclosesttoher.Weallneed___35___,butideallywestaynearenoughtosomeonewhowillhelppickupthepieces.21.A.talking B.reading C.working D.living22.A.pretend B.mean C.admit D.hope23.A.still B.also C.even D.thus24.A.late B.enough C.lasting D.tiring25.A.connection B.explanations C.suggestions D.information26.A.community B.company C.park D.home27.A.save B.earn C.pay D.share28.A.play B.advance C.grow D.exercise29.A.left B.paid C.graduated D.hesitated30.A.expensive B.cheap C.far D.close31.A.Or B.And C.So D.But32.A.worry B.absence C.strength D.effort33.A.reason B.chance C.distance D.direction34.A.only B.next C.final D.private35.A.space B.guidance C.support D.attention【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.D31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。本篇文章講述了作者和母親之間的關系，她認為自己需要成長的空間不應該再和母親住在一起，而母親則是希望我和她同住一個屋檐下的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們住在一起，所有人住在同一個屋檐下。A.talking談話；B.reading讀書；C.working工作；D.living居住。根據(jù)后文“…allofusunderoneroof”所有人住在同一個屋檐下。故選D項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你是說，你做了一場噩夢。A.pretend假裝；B.mean意思；C.admit承認；D.hope希望。根據(jù)上文“Ihadalovelydreamlastnight,mymumsaid”我媽媽說:我昨晚做了一個很可愛的夢?？芍髡呋貜蛬寢專耗愕囊馑际悄阕隽艘粓觥柏瑝簟薄９蔬xB項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：也許這是亞洲人的習慣，但如果由我媽媽決定，我仍然還是會住在家里。A.still仍然；B.also也；C.even甚至；D.thus因此。由前文“ifitwasuptomymum”如果由我媽媽決定，我仍然還是會住在家里。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我?guī)缀趺恐芏寄芤姷剿?，我們幾乎每天都交談，但這永遠不夠。A.late晚的；B.enough充足的；C.lasting持久的；D.tiring累人的。根據(jù)上句“Iseehermostweeksandwespeakalmostdaily”我?guī)缀趺恐芏寄芤姷剿?。根?jù)后句中的“but”（但是），表轉折，可知作者幾乎每天可以見到媽媽(媽媽覺得)還是不夠的。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每當我想租一套新公寓時，她都會給我一個建議:從上班的地方騎車兩個小時，但步行到她家只需要五分鐘。A.connection聯(lián)系；B.explanations解釋；C.suggestion建議；D.information信息。根據(jù)下句“allatwo-hourridefromwork,yetjustafive-minutewalkfromherhouse.”從上班的地方騎車兩小時，到她家步行只要五分鐘。可知這是媽媽給作者的建議。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，她甚至把她家的地址保存在我的衛(wèi)星導航里。A.community社區(qū)；B.company公司；C.park公園；D.home家。根據(jù)上句“WheneverIlookforanewflattorent,shesendsme5:allatwo-hourridefromwork,yetjustafive-minutewalkfromherhouse.”每當我想租一套新公寓時，她都會給我一個建議:從上班的地方騎車兩個小時，但步行到她家只需要五分鐘?？芍髡叩膵寢屜Ｍ髡咦≡诩依?，故把家的地址保存到導航里。故選D項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以把租房子的錢省下來然后搬過來和我住在一起。A.save節(jié)省、拯救；B.earn掙；C.pay支付；D.share分享。根據(jù)上句“Thinkofthemoneyyouspendonrents,”想想你在房租上花的錢以及下句中“…livewithme”和我住在一起?？芍髡叩膵寢屜胱屪髡咦约喊炎夥孔拥腻X節(jié)省下來和自己一起住。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，像許多年輕人一樣，我需要成長和犯錯的空間。A.play比賽；B.advance發(fā)展；C.grow成長；D.exercise練習。因此這里選擇grow。根據(jù)空格前的“l(fā)ikemanyyoungpeople”（像很多的年輕人一樣）以及后文的“tomakemistakes”（去發(fā)犯錯）；可知作者希望項很多的年輕人一樣，去犯錯，去成長。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在媽媽家，總是沒有足夠的空間。我18歲從家離開，從那以后只對公寓提出了三個要求:便宜的房租;離媽媽家近，可以定期去看她;足夠遠，以至于不太有規(guī)律。A.left離開；B.paid支付；C.graduated畢業(yè)；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)上句中“AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.“在媽媽家，總是沒有足夠的空間，可知我需要成長的空間，在18歲的時候我從家里搬了出來。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意見上題。A.expensive昂貴；B.cheap便宜；C.far遠的；D.close親密的。根據(jù)后句“…enoughtoMum'sforregularvisits”可知作者租的房子需要足夠的近可以看去媽媽。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我生病了，獨自在家。但是最近發(fā)生了一些事情。媽媽盡快趕來了，只有在那個時候我感覺到她不在我的身邊，我強烈希望她住得離我近一點，最好離我“一步之遙”。A.Or或者；B.And并且；C.So因此；D.But但是。根據(jù)后句“媽媽盡快趕來了，只有在那個時候我強烈希望她住得離我近一點，最好離我“一步之遙””。和上文“However,likemanyyoungpeople,Ineedspaceto8andtomakemistakes.AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.”然而，像許多年輕人一樣，我需要成長和犯錯的空間。在媽媽家，總是沒有足夠的空間?？芍髡攥F(xiàn)在作者強烈希望她住得離我近一點和上文的想法相反，故為轉折關系。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意見上題。A.worry擔心；B.absence缺席；C.strength力量；D.effort努力。根據(jù)后文“Iwishedthen,strongly,thatshelivedalittlenearer”當時我強烈希望她住得離我近一點。所以，在那個時候我感覺到她不在我的身邊。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我生病了，獨自在家。但是最近發(fā)生了一些事情。媽媽盡快趕來了，只有在那個時候我感覺到她不在我的身邊，我強烈希望她住得離我近一點，最好離我“一步之遙。A.reason理由；B.chance機會；C.distance距離；D.direction方向。根據(jù)上文“Iwishedthen,strongly,thatshelivedalittlenearer.”當時我強烈希望她住得離我近一點?？芍髡呦Ｍ麐寢屪〉碾x自己近些，只是“一步之遙”的距離。故選C項。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有搬回去和媽媽一起住的計劃，但我已經明白，她的瘋狂可能是有原因的:我的下一套公寓將是離她最近的。A.only唯一的；B.next下一個；C.final最終的；D.private私人的。根據(jù)上句“IhavenoplanstomovebackinwithMum,butI'vecometolearntheremightbesomemethodtohermadness”我沒打算搬回去和媽媽一起住，但我漸漸明白，她的瘋狂也許有其原因。可知作者沒有打算搬回去住的想法，但是作者明白了媽媽的原因，所以下一套公寓會離媽媽的公寓更近一些。故選B項。35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都需要空間，但理想情況下，我們待在一個能幫我們收拾殘局的人附近。A.space空間；B.guidance引導；C.support支持；D.attention注意力。根據(jù)上文“AtMum's,therewasneverenoughspace.”在媽媽家，總是沒有足夠的空間?？芍髡吆蛬寢尪夹枰臻g。原詞重現(xiàn)。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。ShiChengchuan,ahearing-impaired(聽力受損的)youngbusinessman,wasselectedfortheForbes(福布斯)listof30Under30Asia2020.Sofar,thestoryofhissuccess___36___(inspire)manyyoungpeopleinGuangzhou,capitalofGuangdongProvince.Twoyearsago,Shihadtotypetocommunicatewithothers.But___37___(fortunate),heisabletochatwithpeopleandanswerphonecalls___38___thehelpofacochlearimplant(人工耳蝸植入)andanapphedeveloped.Theapp,___39___wentonlinein2017,hasnowattractedmorethan600,000hearing-impairedusers.Despitethesuccessoftheapp,Shiisdeterminedtocomeupwithmore___40___(create)tohelphearing-impairedpeople.“Iwanttohelpmorepeoplewhohaveimpairedhearingtoregaintheirhearingfunctionsintheyears___41___(come).”hesaid.Heisexpectingmorethanonemillionhearing-impairedpeoplenationwidetobeusinghisappinfouryears.Shiusestheapptopractice___42___(speak)formorethan30minuteseveryday,nomatter___43___busyheis.Aftertwoyearsofpractice,hesaidhisspokenMandarinhasbecomemuch___44___(good).Hisbusinesspartnerandformeruniversityclassmate,ChenGuoqiang,saidhewaswillingtoteamupwithShiashehaddetermination.“Shihas____45____strongpassionforworkanddeterminationtohelpthemassesofhearing-impairedpeople,”Chensaid.【答案】36.hasinspired37.f