牛津譯林版英語八年級下冊 （Past and Present）新課件(第4課時)

Unit1Pastandpresent第4課時

do—did—donebe—was/were—beencome—came—comechoose—chose—chosenPresentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時1．含義：(1)表示過去發(fā)生的事持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；(2)表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響。eg：MrWanghaslivedheresincehecametoAnhui.自王先生來到安徽，他就住在這兒了。Ihavelostmymobilephone.我的手機丟了。2．構(gòu)成：have/has(＋not)＋動詞的過去分詞。eg：Hehasnotreturnedthebooktomeyet.他還沒有把書還給我。Shehasneverseenthisfilm.她從沒看過這部電影。(2)規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的變化規(guī)則3.動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)詞法示例a.一般直接在詞尾加-edwork—workedopen—openedb.以不發(fā)音的字母-e結(jié)尾的詞直接加-d live—livedskate—skated(1)不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞需牢記課本上的不規(guī)則動詞表。構(gòu)詞法示例c.以“輔音字母＋-y”結(jié)尾的詞，變-y為-i，再加- study—studiedhurry—hurriedd.以“元音字母＋-y”結(jié)尾的詞，直接加-edplay—playedstay—stayede.以“元音字母＋一個輔音字母”結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed stop—stoppedplan—plannedprefer—preferred4．常用時間狀語：just剛剛；yet用于疑問句，表示“已經(jīng)”，用于否定句表“還”；ever曾經(jīng)；already用于陳述句，表示“已經(jīng)”，否定句中改為yet；never用在句中表示否定，從未，從不；recently近來，最近。eg：Haveyoufoundyourlostkeyyet?你已經(jīng)找到你丟失的鑰匙了嗎？Ihaveneverheardofthissingerbefore.我以前從未聽說過這個歌手。一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I___________(study)inAmericaforoverthreeyears.2.Theyoungman__________(live)alonesincehegraduatedfromcollege.(蘭州)3.ThisisthebestfilmthatI__________(see)sofar.4.—Hello.CanIspeaktoMissBrown?—Sorry,she__________(fly)toCanadaalready.She'llbebackinaweek.havestudiedhaslivedhaveseenhasflown5.Inthepasttwoweeks,theartist__________(draw)manypicturesabouthishometown.6.I__________(know)Jimmyforovertwodaysandnowwearegoodfriends.7.—Whyarethewindowssodirty?—Becausewe_____________(notclean)themforalongtime.8.Mylife__________(change)alotinthepastfewyears.(棗莊改編)asdrawnhaveknownhaven'tcleanedhaschanged二、單項選擇9.—Dave，wewillleavein10minutes.Areyouready?—No，I________ourguidebookandtowelsyet.(玉林)A.don'tpackB.didn'tpackC.havepackedD.haven'tpacked【點撥】考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。根據(jù)No可知還沒有準(zhǔn)備好，排除C；根據(jù)句意“—戴夫，我們將在十分鐘后出發(fā)。你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？—沒有，我還……我們的旅游指南和毛巾?！笨芍浆F(xiàn)在還沒準(zhǔn)備好，對現(xiàn)在有影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。故選D。D10.Thesingers________manyconcertsinthecountrysidesince2001.(湘潭)A.holdB.heldC.haveheld【點撥】語法判定法。當(dāng)句子的時間狀語為“since＋過去的時間點”時，句子用用現(xiàn)在完成時，所以選C。C11.—Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?—________.Justhalfofit.Howaboutyou？(蘇州)A.NotatallB.NotlikelyC.NotabitD.Notyet【點撥】本題用交際法?？疾榻浑H用語。根據(jù)答語中“只完成了一半”可知，還沒有完成家庭作業(yè)，故選D。D12.Annisanurseinourhospital.She______herefortenyears.

A.worksB.hasworkedC.workedD.wasworkingB【點撥】本題用題眼法。由“fortenyears”可知本句為現(xiàn)在完成時。故選B。13.Wow!You________dinner!Let'seatnow.(河北)A.cookB.arecookingC.willcookD.havecooked14.Iamsurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown，forit________alotovertheyears.(安徽)A.ChangedB.changesC.willchangeD.haschangedDD15.—YouspeakEnglishsowell.________haveyoulearnedEnglish?—For5years.(吉林)A.HowmanyB.HowlongC.HowoftenD.HowfarB【點撥】考查特殊疑問詞組的用法。根據(jù)答語“For5years.”可知，提問的是“時間段”，故選B。本節(jié)課主要學(xué)習(xí)了以下知識點，請同學(xué)們及時鞏固練習(xí)：現(xiàn)在完成時的用法Unit1Pastandpresent第5課時

Whatdoyouthinkofyourhometown?PastEnvironment：green(1)________，cleanandfresh(2)________，wild(3)________nearthelakeTransport：busand(4)________Livingconditions：old(5)________A1)DanielandKittyaredoingtheirhistoryproject.Listentotheirconversation.CompletetheinformationbelowaboutStarlightTowninthepast.IntegratedskillshillsairbirdsbicyclehousesPresentEnvironment：smaller(1)________，new(2)______station,tall(3)________andnewroadsTransport：bus,taxiand(4)________Livingconditions：new(5)________A2)Listentotherestoftheirconversationandcompletetheinformationabouttoday'sStarlightTown.lakerailwaybuildingstrainflatA3)KittyiswritingaboutStarlightTowninherdiary.Completeherdiaryentryonthenextpagewiththewordsinthebox.air

bicycle

birds

buildings

flatshills

houses

modern

railway

taxi13FebruaryDearDiary，TodayIborrowedabookaboutStarlightTown'spastandpresent.StarlightTownwasverybeautifulyearsago.Thereweregreen(1)________andwild(2)________nearthelake.The(3)________wascleanandfreshthen.hillsbirdsairNowithasbecomea(4)________town.Thereisanew(5)________station.Therearesomenewroadstoo.Peoplecannowtraveltoandfromthetownbybus，(6)________ortrain，butinthepast，peoplecouldonlytravelbybusor(7)________.Anotherbigchangeisthemanytall(8)________inthetown.Localpeopleusedtoliveinold(9)________，butnow，mostofthemhavemovedintonew(10)________.StarlightTownhaschangedalotovertheyears.IhopeIcanvisititagain.modernrailwaytaxibicyclebuildingstownflatsB)Speakup：Wehaven'tseeneachothersincethen.MillieistellingSandyaboutanoldfriend.Workinpairsandtellyourpartneraboutthechangesinyourlife.Usetheconversationbelowasamodel.Millie：ImetmyoldfriendBeckylastweek.She'sjustreturnedfromtheUSA.Sandy：Really？Whendidyoulastseeeachother?Millie：Aboutfiveyearsago.Shewentabroad

withherparents.Wehaven'tseeneachothersincethen.Sandy：Oh，youwerestillinprimaryschoolthen.Sohowdoyoukeepintouchwitheachother?Millie：Wemainlycommunicatebyemail.TheInternetmakescommunicationmucheasier.Sandy：Exactly.keepintouch保持聯(lián)系知識點1考向eg：Doyouandyourbrotherkeepintouch?你和你弟弟保持聯(lián)系嗎？keepintouch同義短語為stayintouch，其反義短語為beoutoftouch失去聯(lián)系。典例別忘了畢業(yè)后與你的老師和同班同學(xué)保持聯(lián)系。Don't________tokeepin________withyourteachersandclassmatesafteryougraduate.

forgettouchcommunicate/k?'mju?n?ke?t/vi.&vt.交流，交際知識點2常用搭配：communicatewithsb.和某人交流。communicate的名詞形式為communication，意為“交流”。eg：Doyouoftencommunicatewithyourparents？你經(jīng)常和你父母交流嗎？考向魔法記憶一語巧記:Forbettercommunication，Ialsocommunicatewithhimbyemail.為了更好溝通，我還和他用電子郵件交流。)典例Afteryouarguewithyourparentsyoumust_____________(交流)withthemandexplainwhyyoudidthat.(棗莊)communicateWeoftenusefactsandopinionswhenwewrite.Factsaretruestatements.Theyincludenames，dates，eventsandnumbers.Opinionstellwhatwebelieve，feelorthink.Theymaynotbetrue.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.(Fact)Beijingisthebestcityintheworld.(Opinion)Manychangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.(Fact)Thenewshoppingmallisagoodplacetohavefun.(Opinion)StudyskillsFactsandopinions1.Therewereonlysmallshopsandrestaurantsinthetown.________2.OldpeopleusedtoplaycardsandChinesechesstogether.________3.Thenewparkinthetowncentrelooksbeautiful.________4.TherewasonceasteelfactoryneartheSunshineRiver.________5.Lifeisgettingbetterinsomeways.________6.ManyofMrChen'sfriendshavemovedaway.________A)Readthesentencesbelow.WriteanFforafactoranOforanopinion.FFOFOF1.Wehavemoresubjectstolearn.2.Itisnoteasytogetusedtothechangesoflifequickly.3.WhenIwasatprimaryschool,Iwalkedtoschoolwithmymum.4.NowIgotoschoolbybusonmyown.5.Ihavetospendmoretimeonmyhomeworkthanbefore.6.Somesubjectsaredifficult.()B)Millieiswritingaboutthechangesinherlife.Helpherdecidewhichareopinionsandwhicharefacts.Reorganizethemintoashortpassage.FOFFFO234165getusedto習(xí)慣于，適應(yīng)于知識點3辨析usedto，be/getusedto與beusedtodosth.考向詞條用法

示例usedto其后跟動詞原形，表示過去的習(xí)慣、經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。

Thisplaceusedtobeapark.這個地方曾經(jīng)是一個公園。詞條用法

示例be/getusedto“習(xí)慣于做某事”，其中to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。Mygrandpahasbeenusedtolivingasimplelife.我的祖父已經(jīng)過慣了簡樸的生活。beusedtodosth.被動語態(tài)。意為“被用來做某事”。相當(dāng)于：beusedfordoingsth.Thiscomputerisusedtocontrolallthemachines.＝Thiscomputerisusedforcontrollingallthemachines.這臺電腦是用來控制所有機器的。典例Iusedto________newspapersandwatchTVafterdinner.ButnowI'musedto_______awalk.(新疆)A.read;take

B.read;takingC.reading;takingD.reading;takeB