采煤工作面的頂板管理問(wèn)題探討中英文翻譯、外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯、外文翻譯

AdoptthecrestofthecoalworknoodlesplankmanagementproblemstudyCresttheplankmanagementisthepointthatadoptsasafemanagementofthecoalworknoodles.Statisticsaccordingtothedata,cresttheplanktroublehas60%ofthecoalminetroubleabout,adoptingthetroubleofthecoalworknoodlesandhavingacrest70%oftheplanktroubleabove.Therefore,wehavetostrengthenaplankmanagement,reducingtoadoptthecoalworknoodlescresttheoccurrenceoftheplanktrouble.1,thedefinitionofthecrest,scaleboardanditcategorizeEndowwiththeexistencecoalseamonoftheclosebyrockstratabecalledaplank,endowwiththeexistencecoalseamunderoftheclosebyrockstratabecalledscaleboard.Cresttherock,strengthofthescaleboardandabsorbwatersexanddiggingtoworkthemanagementofthenoodlescontaindirectrelation,theyiscertaincresttheplankprotectawayandchoosetoadopttheemptyareaprocessingmethodofmainbasis.1.1plankscategorizeAccordingtorock,thicknessandreturntoadoptprocesstofallinthe垮ofdifficulteasydegree,cresttheplankisdividedintothefalsecrest,directcrestandoldcrest.Accordingtodirectcrestsporttoadoptafieldtotheinfluenceforpress,thedirectcrestisdividedintobrokenup,unsteady,mediumetc.stability,stability,strongandtoughcrestplanketc.isfive.AccordingtooldcrestthesportBeworkmineralinsidethenoodlespresstopresentdegreeandtoworksafethreatofnoodlesofsize,theoldcrestisisdividedintopressveryandseverely,pressmightiness,presstocompareobviously,don'tobviouslypressetc.isfour.1.2scaleboardscategorizeAccordingtotheoppositepositionrelationoftherockstrataandthecoalseam,thescaleboardisdividedintodirectbottomwiththeoldbottom.Locatecoalseamdirectlyunderoftherockstratabecalleddirectbottom;locatethedirectbottomorcoalseamunderoftherockstratabecalledoldbottom.Thecoalseamcrestthescaleboardtypeexpectstheinfluenceofthegeologystructuresportafterbesubjectedtothedepositionenvironmentand,itsgrowthindifferentregiondegreedissimilarity,thecoalseampossibilityforhaveisn'twhole.2,crestthatneedtobecontrolplankclassificationandadopttheprocessingwayoftheemptyareaAccordingtodifferentcresttheplanktypeandproperty,choosetopaytoprotectawayandadopttheemptyareaprocessingmethoddifferently,isaplankmanagementofbasicprinciple.2.1crestneededtopulltomakeplankclassificationPressaknotholerockstratastrength,thecrestplankthatneedstobecontrolcanisdividedinto:generalcresttheplank,slownessdescendtosinkaplankandiswholefallthecrestofthecaveinthedangerplanketc..2.2worknoodlesadopttheprocessingmethodoftheemptyareaTheprocessingmethodthatadoptsemptyareamainlyhas:all垮sfallamethod,partialfulltofillamethod,thecoalpillartopropupamethodtoalleviatetodescendtosinkamethodslowlyetc..3,cresttheplankpressurepresentacharacteristic3.1topthecoverrockstrataofthesportregulationandtheworkinfrontpaytoacceptpressuretodistributebehindDuringtheperiodofmine,adoptemptyareaaboveoftherockstratawilltakeplaceambulation,accordingtocresttheplankchangemindcondition,takingthecrannyrockstratainupthecoverrockstratafollowtheworknoodlestopushforwardthedirectiondemarcationasthreeareas:thecoalwallpropuptheinfluencearea,leavelayerareaandre-presssolidarea.Thenoodlesopenstosliceaneyetogotopushforwardforwardintheprocessfromthework,breakoriginalshouldtheequilibriumofthedintfield,causeshouldthedintre-distribute.Beadoptingthecoalworknoodlestobecometopaytoacceptpressureinfrontandback,itconcretelydistributesshapetohavesomethingtodowithadoptingtheemptyareaprocessingmethod.3.2firsttimestopresstopressamainmanifestationwiththeperiodFirsttimetopressamainmanifestation:BEaplank"byoneselfthevieldsong"rangeenlargement;thecoalwalltransformandfalltofall(theslicehelp);paytoprotecttodrillbottometc..Firsttimetopresstowanttokeeponmoreandsuddenlyandgenerallyfor2-3days.Periodtopressamainmanifestation:MainmanifestationBE:cresttheplankdescendtosinknastyplayincrementofspeed,cresttheplankdescendtosinkquantitytobecomebig;paywhatpillarbesubjectedtoloadwidespreadincrement;adoptemptyareatohangacrest;paypillartomakeanoise;causethecoalwallslicetohelp,paypillartodamage,crestplankoccurrencethestepdescendtosinketc..Ifpaythepillarparameterchoicetobeunsuitedtoaproperorsinglebodytopaythepillarstabilityworse,maycausethepartialcrestorcrestplankfollowtheworknoodlestoslicetofalletc..4,cresttheplankchoiceforprotectTheworknoodlesthefunctionforprotectdecelerateaplanktodescendtosink,supportingtocontrolacresttobeapartfromtheknotholeintegrityinsidethecrest,assuranceworkspacesafety.4.1choicesthatprotectmaterialandformPaytoprotectmaterialtomainlytherearethemetalssupportandthewoodsupport.Paytoprotectaformtomainlyhavealittlethepillartoprotect,thecotetypeprotecttopressasupportwithliquid.4.2sprotectaspecificationchoiceWhilechoosingtopaytoprotectspecification,mainlycontrolthefollowing2:00:1.Controltheworknoodlesadopthighanditsvariety.Generallycanaccordingtodrillaholethepillarformorhavealreadydugthetunneldataoftomakesuretoadopthigh.Fromlastthemovableregulationofthecoverrockstrata,cantheinitialassurancecrestplankatbiggestcontrolacresttobeapartfromplaceofaveragebiggestdescendtosinkquantity,selecttopayapillarmodelnumbersuitablely2controlthecrestplankofthenormalappearancetodescendtosinkthequantityandsupportcanthedrawbackquantity.ComputethebiggestandhighHmaxandminimumandhighHminthatpayspillar,selectspecificationofpaythepillar.Comprehensivethepillarmodelnumberandspecification,checkrelatedanticipate,assurancethemodelnumberofthepillar.5,theworknoodlesmanageseverydayofpointEverydaycrestthepointofplankmanagementisthewithaccuracycertainprotectsdensityandcontrolamethod,rightarrangementandorganizetoadoptcoalandcontrolacresttorelatetoinfixedtime,strengthentopaytoprotectthequalitymanagementbeforepress,theassistancethatchoosestouseagoodnecessityprotectetc.,attaintoexpeltoemitatrouble,assurancethepurposeof[with]efficiency.1choicethatprotectsdensityandcontrolsamethodAccordingtotheworknoodlescrestplankrock,adoptaperiodictopressobviousdegree,pressstrengthandtopressinfrontandbackacrestknotholevarietyacircumstanceetc.,thecertainprotectdensityandcontrolamethod.Itadoptcoalin2productionlineswithcontrolofthecresttorelatetoinfixedtimePeriodtodon'tobviouslypresstoadoptafield,emphasizetopaytoprotect,adoptcoal,controlaparallelhomework,possiblycontracttoadoptcoal,returntopillartoputdistancebetweenanoperationswithspeedtheworknoodlespropulsiondegree;periodtopressmoreandobviouslyadoptafield,attopressinfrontandbackadoptdifferentof,controltherelationorganizationproject,beforepressshouldnotadoptcoal,putacrestinthemeantimehomework,pressaftershouldadopttoadoptcoal,putacresttokeepminimumwrongbeapartfromparallelhomework.Fieldtostrengthentopaytoprotectthequalitymanagementassurancetopaypillartohavetopropupdint,prevent°frompayingpillartodrillbottomenoughbeforepress,rightadoptiontheassistanceprotect.Adoptthecoalworknoodlescrest,theplankmanageseverydayofthekeylieinraisingthespotmanagement,theoperationlevel,payingtoprotectandadapttoadoptafieldtopressandcrestthescaleboardvarietycircumstance,adoptrightoftheassistanceprotectmeasure,wellexertivecontrolaresult.

采煤工作面的頂板管理問(wèn)題探討頂板管理是采煤工作面安全管理的重點(diǎn)。據(jù)資料統(tǒng)計(jì)，頂板事故約占煤礦事故的60%，采煤工作面的事故又占了頂板事故的70%以上。因此，我們必須加強(qiáng)頂板管理，減少采煤工作面頂板事故的發(fā)生。1、頂、底板的定義及其分類(lèi)賦存在煤層之上的鄰近巖層稱(chēng)為頂板，賦存在煤層之下的鄰近巖層稱(chēng)為底板。頂?shù)装宓膸r性、強(qiáng)度及吸水性與采掘工作面的管理有直接關(guān)系，它們是確定頂板支護(hù)方式、選擇采空區(qū)處理方法的主要依據(jù)。1.1頂板分類(lèi)根據(jù)巖性、厚度及回采過(guò)程中垮落的難易程度，頂板分為偽頂、直接頂和老頂。根據(jù)直接頂運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)采場(chǎng)來(lái)壓的影響，直接頂分為破碎、不穩(wěn)定、中等穩(wěn)定、穩(wěn)定、堅(jiān)硬頂板等五類(lèi)。根據(jù)老頂運(yùn)動(dòng)在工作面內(nèi)礦壓顯現(xiàn)程度和對(duì)工作面安全威脅的大小，老頂分為來(lái)壓極強(qiáng)烈、來(lái)壓強(qiáng)烈、來(lái)壓較明顯、來(lái)壓不明顯等四類(lèi)。1.2底板分類(lèi)根據(jù)巖層與煤層的相對(duì)位置關(guān)系，底板分為直接底和老底。直接位于煤層之下的巖層稱(chēng)為直接底;位于直接底或煤層之下的巖層稱(chēng)為老底。煤層頂?shù)装孱?lèi)型受沉積環(huán)境及后期地質(zhì)構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響，不同地區(qū)其發(fā)育程度不同，有的煤層可能會(huì)不全。2、需要控制的頂板分類(lèi)及采空區(qū)的處理辦法根據(jù)不同的頂板類(lèi)型和性質(zhì)，選擇不同的支護(hù)方式和采空區(qū)處理方法，是頂板管理的基本原則。2.1需要拉制的頂板分類(lèi)按頂板的巖層強(qiáng)度，需要控制的頂板可分為:一般性頂板、緩慢下沉頂板、有整體塌垮危險(xiǎn)的頂板等。2.2工作面采空區(qū)的處理方法采空區(qū)的處理方法主要有:全部垮落法、局部充填法、煤柱支撐法和緩慢下沉法等。3、頂板壓力顯現(xiàn)特征3.1上覆巖層的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律及工作面前后支承壓力分布在開(kāi)采過(guò)程中，采空區(qū)上方的巖層會(huì)發(fā)生移動(dòng)，根據(jù)頂板位移情況，將裂隙帶巖層中上覆巖層沿工作面推進(jìn)方向劃分為三個(gè)區(qū):煤壁支撐影響區(qū)、離層區(qū)、重新壓實(shí)區(qū)。從