高考北師大版英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)能力提升題組訓(xùn)練Unit6Design

Unit6Design能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(A)Ⅰ.閱讀ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeupintheskiesoverTexasonSaturday,February1,2003,killingthesevenastronautsonboardinwhatNASA(美國宇航局)andPresidentBushcalledatragedyfortheentirenation.NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts’remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.Thebreakup,16minutesbeforetheshuttlewasduetolandatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,spreadpossiblytoxicdebris(有毒的殘骸)overawideswathofTexasandneighboringstates.Dramatictelevisionimagesoftheshuttle’sdescentclearlyshowedseveralwhitetrails(痕跡)streakingthroughblueskiesaftertheshuttlesuddenlyfellapart.Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.TakeoffandreentryintoEarth’satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.In42yearsofUS’humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertakeoff.Rescueteamsscrambledtosearchfortheremainsofthecrew,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formerbatpilotCol.IlanRamon.Therewerewarningsthatpartsofavast120milelongcorridorofdebriscouldbetoxicbecauseofpoisonousrocketpropellant(推進(jìn)劑).“Wearenotreadytoconfirmthatwehavefoundanyhumanremains,”NacogdochesCountySheriffThomasKerrssaid.Headdedthatamongtheroughly1,000callsreportingdebris,somepeoplesaidtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers.“TheColumbiaislost.Therearenosurvivors...Theirmissionwasalmostpleteandwelostthemsoclosetohome...America’sspaceprogramwillgoon,”saidagrimfacedBushinamessagebroadcastontelevision,whichincludedcondolencestothefamiliesofthedeadastronauts.1.Theunderlinedword“descent”inthepassagemeans.

A.takingoff B.landing C.orbiting D.walkingdown2.WhichistrueoftheIsraeliastronautIlanRamon?A.HewasthefirstIsraeliastronauttoflyontheshuttle.B.HewasthefirstforeignastronauttoflyontheAmericanshuttle.C.Heusedtobeapassengerplanepilot.D.HewastheonlysurvivorintheColumbiadisaster.3.TheColumbiadisasterandtheChallengerdisasterweresimilarinthat.

A.thereweresevenastronautskilledonboardB.boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheytookoffC.boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheywereabouttolandD.nohumanremainswerefound4.Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothenews?A.TheU.S.A.willgiveupthespaceprogrambecauseoftheaccident.B.NASAhasn’tfoundthecauseoftheColumbiadisaster.C.BeforetheColumbiadisaster,noshuttleshadexplodedinthecourseoflanding.D.TakeoffandreentryintoEarth’satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.語篇解讀:本文講述了美國航天飛機(jī)“哥倫比亞”號失事的情況。答案及剖析:1.B詞義猜測題。第三段第二句中的inthedescenttoEarthorlanding中的landing即是對descent的解釋。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段第一句中的whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formerbatpilotCol.IlanRamon.可以知道,IlanRamon是以色列第一位乘坐航天飛機(jī)的宇航員。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中可以了解到兩起災(zāi)難都有7位宇航員喪生?！疤魬?zhàn)者”號是在升空時失事的,而“哥倫比亞”號是在返回地面的過程中失事的,故可排除B和C。而選項D與原文不符,故選A。4.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的America’sspaceprogramwillgoon可知選項A錯誤。Ⅱ.七選五Teensarecertainlyconfusingandplicated,butthereisonethingthat’sclearaboutthem:Morethananythingelse,theywanttofitinwiththeirpeers.Theywantandneedtostayconnected.Withoutconnection,theyfeellonely,anxiousandsad,1..

Teens,likeadults,runintoallsortsofdilemmaswiththeirfriends.Friendshipsareneitherallgoodnorallbad.Asanadult,youhaveexperiencewiththesesortsoffriendsandhavemadeyourownadjustmentsintheserelationships.Givenbothyourownlifeexperienceandyourconcernforyourteens,you’reinanexcellentpositiontohelpyourteenssetboundarieswithfriends.Certainly,somefriendshipsareworthmaintaining,whilesomearenot,2..Therearemanywaysyoucanhelpyourteenshandletheserelationshipseffectively.HerearesomestepsIwouldsuggesttaking:

●Teachyourteenstolabeltheirfeelings.Theyneedtoknowwhatitisthattheyarefeelingfirsttoeffectivelysetlimitsandboundarieswithfriends.Helpthemlabelsetbacks,exhaustion,disappointmentandanger.Thisisnosmalltask.Manykidsstrugglewithlabelingtheirfeelings.●3..Iftheysensethatsomethingiswronginafriendship,they’reprobablyright,andtheyneedtoquititassoonaspossible.

●Explaintoyourteensthattheycan’tbeallthingstoallfriends.Andletthemknowthatfriendshipsaremostlikelytogrowandcontinueiftheyfeelgoodaboutthem.●Discussdifferentwaystosetboundaries.Explaintoyourkidsthatjustasitmakessensetosayyesattimes,4..Justasit’sfinetospendlotsoftimewithafriendduringtheweek,it’sequallyOKtospendlesstimewiththesamefriendwhenthatfriendisbeingtoodemandingorneedy.

●Lookatyourbehaviorinrelationships.5..Theyarequietlywatchingyoureverymove.Somakesureyou’resettingagoodexampleforthemtofollowinyourrelationshipsaswell.

A.sotheyneedtotellwhatarerightrelationshipsB.andtheyshallfindtheirwayoutofthosefriendshipsC.Keepinmindthatyouareyourteens’mostimportantrolemodelD.RemindyourteensofbadrelationshipsE.it’salsosociallyacceptabletosaynoatothertimesF.EncourageyourteenstomindtheirfeelingsandfollowthesixthsenseG.buttheymaygetexhaustedbytheirfriendshipsaswell答案:1—5GBFECⅢ.完形填空(2019武漢部分學(xué)校新高三調(diào)研測試)Havingajobisgreat.ItmeansIcanhaveaplacetolivein.Andwithanaboveaveragejob,Ican1However,Ialsounderstandhow2itistohaveabelowaveragejob,havinghadmanyofthembefore.It’squite3.Owningacarwasoutofthequestion—Icould4payforthesubwayride.

Iemailedmy5toeverypanywithanonlinecareerpage.Ievenprintedmyresume(個人簡歷)and6itouttohundredsofoffices.

OnesummerIgotajobatahightechpany,whichIwasterribleat.Itwasno7whenIwasaskedtoleavethatjobafteronlyfourdays.Alotofpeopletodaybelievetheproblemof8inmygenerationisourfault.Somecriticize(批評)usforbeinglazyorcareless.Some9membersofmygenerationofhavingasenseof“specialness”thathas10ustobelievewecanallbeastronauts,moviestarsorsingersifweputourmindtoit.Also,afewofthemthinkthatwewouldallbehappily11Iunderstandthatnoteveryonecangointospace,starinHollywoodmoviesorfillstadiumswithfans,12.Everyoneisgoodatsomething,butnooneisgoodat13.Ittookmehundredsofrejectionemailsto14thatIhadtofocusonfindingajobwhereIcouldreallybesuccessful.

Andnow,Ifinallyhavethatjob.It’snotthebest15,butit’snotbadforastarteither.

uilty語篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文?！拔摇毕胫\得一份高于平均水平的工作,這樣就能實現(xiàn)購買汽車和去海外度假的夢想。但是,在經(jīng)過許多次的求職失敗后,“我”才意識到“尺有所短,寸有所長”的道理,并最終找到了一份自己擅長的工作。答案及剖析:1.A根據(jù)該句“Andwithanaboveaveragejob,Ican12.C根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知,擁有一份高于平均水平的工作,“我”便能買得起一輛小汽車并能去海外度假;結(jié)合該句中的“However”和“abelowaveragejob”可知,此句句意與第一段最后一句的句意相反,即“我”也知道擁有一份低于平均水平的工作,生活會是多么困難。3.B根據(jù)上文中的“abelowaveragejob”并結(jié)合該句“It’squite3”可知,擁有一份低于平均水平的工作是一件相當(dāng)糟糕的事情。

4.D根據(jù)該句中的“Owningacarwasoutofthequestion”可知,擁有一份低于平均水平的工作時,擁有一輛小汽車是不可能的;結(jié)合“Icould4payforthesubwayride”可知,“我”勉強(qiáng)(barely)能夠支付乘坐地鐵的費(fèi)用,故D項正確。

5.C根據(jù)上文可知,“我”想謀到一份高于平均水平的工作;結(jié)合該句“Iemailedmy5toeverypanywithanonlinecareerpage”可知,為此“我”將自己的具體情況用電子郵件發(fā)送給每個有在線職業(yè)頁面的公司。

6.B“我”甚至打印了“我”的個人簡歷,并把它分發(fā)給數(shù)百家公司。handout為固定搭配,意為“分發(fā)”,故B項正確。7.C根據(jù)上文可知,這份在一家高科技公司謀得的工作是“我”不擅長的,因此,在工作四天后“我”就被辭退并不出人意料。8.D根據(jù)上文可知,“我”因為不擅長高科技公司的工作而被辭退;結(jié)合該句中的“Alotofpeopletodaybelievetheproblemof8”可知,如今許多人認(rèn)為我們這一代人的失業(yè)問題是我們的過錯。

9.C根據(jù)上文“Somecriticize(批評)usforbeinglazyorcareless”并結(jié)合該句“Some9membersofmygenerationofhavingasenseof‘specialness’”可知,有些人指責(zé)我們這一代人有一種“特殊”感。accusesb.ofsth.為固定搭配,意為“指責(zé)某人某事”,故C項正確。

10.A這種“特殊”感導(dǎo)致我們相信,如果我們集中精力去做一件事,我們都能成為宇航員、電影明星或歌唱家。11.A根據(jù)語境可知,他們中的一些人認(rèn)為,如果我們學(xué)一些手藝或軟件工程,我們都會很開心地找到工作。12.B根據(jù)上文可知,有些人指責(zé)我們這一代人有一種“特殊”感,這種“特殊”感導(dǎo)致我們相信,如果我們集中精力去做一件事,我們都能成為宇航員、電影明星或歌唱家。結(jié)合該句中的“Iunderstandthatnoteveryonecangointospace,starinHollywoodmoviesorfillstadiumswithfans”可知,該句句意和上文內(nèi)容存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用however。13.D根據(jù)該句中的“Everyoneisgoodatsomething”和“but”可知,每個人都擅長某個事物,但沒有人擅長一切事物。14.A結(jié)合語境可知,“我”收到了數(shù)百封拒絕郵件,才意識到“我”必須把精力集中在找一份能讓“我”真正成功的工作。15.D根據(jù)語境可知,現(xiàn)在,“我”終于擁有了能讓“我”真正成功的工作;雖然這不是最好的開始(start),但作為開始也是不錯的,故D項正確。能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(B)Ⅰ.閱讀A(2019四川眉山高三一診)ProfessorSunJun,aged93in2018,hasdevotedhislifetoworkingonChina’sgiantconstructionprojects,includingtheQinghaiTibethighway,ThreeGorgesDam,andtheYangtzeRiverTunnel.Inhislatestproject,theTongjiuniversityacademicservedasasenioradviserontheconstructionoftheHongKongZhuhaiMacaoBridge.UndertheguidanceofSun,XuWei,aprofessorinTongjiUniversityandSun’sstudent,tookovertechnicalassistancefortheconstructionofthebridge.“EverytimeIsawSunandotherprofessorsworkingonthebridge,Ifeltatease,”saidLinMing,thegeneralprojectmanager.LininitiallyinvitedanexperiencedDutchpanytoserveasthetechnicalassistantfortheproject.ThepanywantedtochargeUS$171million.HethenaskedforhelpfromXualongwithexpertsinTongjiUniversity.ThemethodsdevelopedbyTongjiUniversityreducedtheimpactofthebridgeontheChinesewhitedolphin,whichisunderfirstclassstateprotection.Thekeychallengeduringtheconstructionofthebridgewasthe6.7kmunderwatertunnel,theworld’slongestanddeepestunderseatunnel.DingWenqi,whowasnicknamedthe“tunnelexpert”,wasaskedtoensurethetubesbeconnectedperfectly—evenundertheinfluencesoflandsubsidence(下沉),waterpressureandtidemovement.HuXiangdong,anotherprofessorinTongjiuniversity,developedamethodtofreezetheeartharoundthetunneltopreventwaterleakageandlandsubsidenceduringthediggingofthemostchallenging2kmsectionofthetunnel.ThetunnelsectionoftheprojectwaspletedinMay2017.SunwasinvitedtovisitthenearpletedbridgeagaininFebruary2018.Theexpertsaidhefeltthemostrelaxedthistimesincemostofthechallengeshavebeenconquered.“Inthenextstep,weshouldfocusonhowtomakethetwoartificialislandsmorebeautifulandattracttravelers,”Sunsaid.XusaidallthestaffinmyofficetookagreatprideinwatchingtheTVnewsofthebridge’sofficialopeningonWednesday.1.WhatisProfessorSun’scontributiontothebridge?A.HeworkedinTongjiUniversity. B.Hewasthegeneralprojectmanager.C.Hegavemuchadviceontheproject. D.Hetookoverthetechnicalassistance.2.WhydidLinMingaskforhelpfromexpertsinTongjiUniversity?A.TheDutchpanychargedtoomuch. B.Thetechnicalassistanthadtoomuchtrouble.C.TongjiUniversitydidbestinthegiantprojects. D.Hefeltrelaxedtoseeprofessorsworkingonthebridge.3.What’sthegreatesttroubleinbuildingthebridge?A.ProtectingtheChinesewhitedolphin. B.Constructingthelongest&deepestunderseatunnel.C.Controllingthewaterpressure. D.Preventingthetide.4.Howdidtheexpertstopwaterleakinginbuildingtheunderseatunnel?A.Bykeepingthetidemoving. B.Bydiggingdeepintothesea.C.Byincreasingthewaterpressure. D.Byfreezingthenearbyeartharoundthetunnel.語篇解讀:港珠澳大橋建成正式通車,這一世紀(jì)工程的建成離不開所有參與者的智慧與汗水。在荷蘭一公司的刁難下,同濟(jì)大學(xué)的專家們積極獻(xiàn)策,他們反復(fù)研究、試驗,攻破了港珠澳大橋建設(shè)的重重技術(shù)難關(guān),創(chuàng)造了世界奇跡。答案及剖析:1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的theTongjiUniversityacademicservedasasenioradviserontheconstructionoftheHongKongZhuhaiMacaoBridge可知,他是港珠澳大橋的高級顧問,因此他為這個工程的建設(shè)提供了許多建議。故選C。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的ThepanywantedtochargeUS$171million.HethenaskedforhelpfromXualongwithexpertsinTongjiUniversity.可知,是因為荷蘭公司要價太高,工程總經(jīng)理才求助同濟(jì)大學(xué)的專家的。故選A。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thekeychallengeduringtheconstructionofthebridgewasthe6.7kmunderwatertunnel,theworld’slongestanddeepestunderseatunnel.可知,大橋建造過程中的一個關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)是6.7公里的海底隧道,這是世界上最長和最深的海底隧道,故選B。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的HuXiangdong,anotherprofessorinTongjiUniversity,developedamethodtofreezetheeartharoundthetunneltopreventwaterleakage可知,該專家通過冰凍隧道周圍的泥土的方法來防止漏水。故選D。B(2019高三雙語報35期)Asthetemperaturerisesworldwide,howdowekeepourhousesandotherbuildingscool?Researchersnowhaveanovelsolutiontocoolbuildings.Itseemslikeawhitepaint—technicallyapolymercoating(聚合物涂層)—thatusestinyholestocooltheair.Thecoatingisanexampleofpassivedaytimeradiativecooling(PDRC),inwhichasurfacecoolsdownbyreflectingsunlightandheatbacktotheatmosphere.Whitepaint,whichreflectslight,haslongbeenusedforPDRC.CurrentPDRCdesignsarepromisingalternativestoelectricalcooling,buttheyusuallycontainpigments(色素)thatabsorblight,andtheyreflectlongersolarwavelengthsimperfectly.Incontrast,thenewcoatinghasafoamlike(泡沫狀)surfacefulloftinyholes.Tocreateit,theresearcherstookthepigmentsfromwhitepaintandreplaceditwiththesetinyholes.Thisturnsthepolymerwhite.Theholesreflectedallwavelengthsofsunlight,makingthecoatingfarbetterthantraditionalpaint.“Otherscientistshaveusedsimilarsolarreflectingmethodstoachievecooling”,saysMarkSwihart,aprofessorofchemicalandbiologicalengineering.“However,nobodyhaspreviouslysuggestedusingsuchpolymersforthispassivecoolingapplication.Itcouldberelativelyeasyandcheaptoproduceandapplywidely.Itcouldbealsousedonalmostanysurface,fromrooftopstowatertankstovehicles,”Swihartsays.Theresearchersalsoexperimentedwithmakingthecoatingindifferentcolors.Addingcolordoeslowerthedegreeofcooling,buttheperformanceisstillbetterthancoloredmercialpaint.“Thisisimportantinviewofhumantastes,”saysJyotirmoyMandal,aleadauthoronthestudy.“Noteveryonewantsawhiteroofontheirhouse,andpaintpanieshavebeentryingtodevelop‘coolcolors’fordecades.”Thecoating,ifusedonenoughbuildings,couldalsohelpdealwiththesocalled“urbanheatislands”—urbanareasthatgetmuchhotterthantheirsurroundings.Astheworldcontinuestourbanize,theseheatislandsareanincreasingproblem.“Suchaneffort,however,requireswideteamworkbetweenresearchers,urbanplannersandpolicymakers,”Mandalsays.5.Whatcanweknowaboutthepassivedaytimeradiativecooling?A.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly. B.Itconsumesmuchelectricity.C.Itisfreefromtheinfluenceofsunlight. D.Itusespainttoabsorblongersolarwavelengths.6.Whyaretheretinyholesinthefoamlikesurface?A.Tofillpigmentsinthem. B.Tomakethesurfacemoreefficient.C.Toreducetheweightofthesurface. D.Toenablecertainsolarwavelengthstogothroughthem.7.ItcanbeinferredfromMarkSwihart’swordsthatthecoating.

A.hasbeenmassproduced B.maypletelyreplacepaintonedayC.mayhavesignificantpracticaluses D.differsgreatlyfromsimilarsolarreflectingproducts8.WhataretheresearcherstryingtodoaccordingtoParagraph5?A.Tomakethecoatingstronger. B.Toimprovethedegreeofcooling.C.Tomakethecoatingeasiertoapply. D.Tomaketheproductappealtomorepeople.語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了研究人員研發(fā)了一款簡易的降溫涂層,能有效地給建筑物降溫。答案及剖析:5.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的inwhichasurfacecoolsdownbyreflectingsunlightandheatbacktotheatmosphere.可知,這種將太陽光線和熱能反射回去的方法對環(huán)境無污染。6.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Theholesreflectedallwavelengthsofsunlight,makingthecoatingfarbetterthantraditionalpaint.可知,是為了提高這款產(chǎn)品的隔熱效果。7.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Itcouldberelativelyeasyandcheaptoproduceandapplywidely.Itcouldbealsousedonalmostanysurface,fromrooftopstowatertankstovehicles可知,這款產(chǎn)品將來的實用性很強(qiáng)。8.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Thisisimportantinviewofhumantastes...Noteveryonewantsawhiteroofontheirhouse...可知,研究人員努力讓這款產(chǎn)品吸引更多的人。Ⅱ.語法填空(2019四川瀘州高三質(zhì)檢)Chinesemightbeheardwhenyoutakearideonthestreet.Turningtotheright,youseeaSichuanstylerestaurant.After1.(walk)intoastore,youseethatHuaweismartphonesareonsale.Butyou’renotinChina—you’reinManchesterinBritain.2.fact,youmightseesimilarthingsinmanyothercities.Chineseproductshavebeengoingglobal.

Westerncountries3.(enjoy)Chinesefoodforalongtime.Chineserestaurantshavemadesomechangestothedishes4.(meet)localpeople’stastes.

SomeChinese5.(brand)arealsobeingmorepopular.“InmanycitiesinEurope,storessellTCLtelevisions,Haierfridges6.Lenovoputers,”reportedReuters.They’renotsimplymadeinChina,but7.(design)inthecountry.

Inthepast,mostWesternpeoplethoughtChineseproductswerecheapbutnot8.(rely).Thingshavechanged9.(great),though.Forexample,