考研英語模擬試題

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考研英語模擬試題

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Thebasicfunctionofmoneyistheenablebuyingtobeseparatedfromselling,thuspermittingtradetotakeplacewithouttheso瞔alleddoublecoincidenceofbarter.Ifapersonhassomethingtosellandwantssomethingelse1return,itisnotnecessarytosearchforsomeoneableand2tomakethedesiredexchangeofitems.Thepersoncansellthe3itemforgeneralpurchasingpower—thatis,money—toanyonewhowantstobuyitandthenusetheproceedstobuythedesireditemfromanyonewhowantstosellit.

Theimportanceofthisfunctionofmoneyis4illustratedbytheexperienceofGermanyjustafterWorldWarll,5papermoneywas6largelyuselessbecause,despiteinflationaryconditions,pricecontrolswereeffectively7bytheAmerican,French,andBritisharmiesofoccupation.Peoplehadto8tobarterortoinefficientmoneysubstitutes.Theresultwastocuttotaloutputoftheeconomyinhalf.TheGermaneconomicmiraclejustafter1948reflectedpartlyacurrencyreformbytheoccupationauthorities,9someeconomistsholdthatitstemmedprimarilyfromtheGermangovernment‘s10ofallpricecontrols,11permittingamoneyeconomyto12abartereconomy.

13oftheactofsalefromtheactofpurchase14theexistenceofsomethingthatwillbegenerallyacceptedinpayment—thisisthe15ofexchangefunctionofmoney.Buttheremustalsobesomethingthatcanserveasa16abodeofpurchasingpower,inwhichthesellerholdstheproceedsintheinterim17thefirstsaleandthe18purchase,orfromwhichthebuyercan19thegeneralpurchasingpowerwithwhichtopay20whatisbought.Thisistheassetfunctionofmoney.

1.[A]on[B]in[C]by[D]for

2.[A]capable[B]likely[C]desirable[D]willing

3.[A]

excess[B]

extra[C]

surplus

[D]ample

4.[A]

dramatically

[B]urgently[

C]faithfully[D]

incidentally

5.[A]

when[B]

before[C]

since

[D]until

6.[A]

developed

[B]reserved

[C]

rendered[D]

imagined

7.[A]

encouraged

[B]enlarged

[C]

endured[D]

enforced

8.[A]

conform[B]

resort[C]

commit

[D]gear

[A]and[B]but[C]therefore[D]however

[A]deprivation[B]stimulation[C]elimination[D]restriction

[A]thereby[B]therefore[C]then[D]while

[A]alternate[B]establish[C]substitute[D]replace

[A]Introduction[B]Specification[C]Representation[D]Separation

[A]assumes[B]requires[C]focuses[D]undertakes

[A]medium[B]function[C]role[D]nature

[A]fashionable[B]favorable[C]temporary[D]token

[A]both[B]for[C]between[D]after

[A]consequent[B]relevant[C]inadequate[D]subsequent

[A]execute[B]extract[C]exceed[D]exchange

[A]for[B]off[C]back[D]in

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.

Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontent,whichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother,nonsensuousidiom.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularform,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticreality;itthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.Itcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.

Forthiscontent,displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthateludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentistobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterest,itmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:itcannotbedetachedfromitssensuousembodimentwithoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.(Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.)

Hegel'sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises,but,aswithKant'santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusory,sincenotwoworksofartcanthenshareeitheracontentoraform-theformbeingdefinitiveofeachwork‘sindividuality.

Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.Theintensityofaestheticinterestbecomesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallife.If,ontheotherhand,weinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticularworkofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

Hegelarguedthat.

itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart

itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention

theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinking

theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson

22.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat.

theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolved

byrejectingitspremises

bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory

thecontentandformoftheworkofartareseparable

aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable

WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved？

Thecontentand