2021高考英語閱讀解題專項之推理判斷題集訓（九）

2021高考英語閱讀解題專項之推理判斷題集訓(九)

(A)

MaggiewasverygladthatJameswasnotafrequentvisitortothehouse.Inthe

children'sopinion,theyhadsomethingthattheycouldn'texplainorunderstandabout

himandthatexcitedtheirimagination.HestirredMaggie'sanger,however,sothat

sheoftensaidtoherhusband,"It'samercythatyourbrotherdoesn*tcomeoften.”

InfactJamescameonceayear,unexpectedly,aroundeighto'clockinthe

evening,andhestayedforsixhoursofclosediscussionwithhisbrother.Hisarrival

wasasignaltothechildrenthattheirbedtimewouldbedelayed.Notthatheever

spoketothemorplayedwiththem.Hetooknonoticeofthem,asifhewereunableto

seechildren,atleastuntilthetimecameforhimtogo.Indeed,afterhisfirstgreeting

andacarelesskiss,JamestooknonoticeofMaggieeither,excepttoadd,"Youllbe

gettingonwiththesupper,Maggie."Suchwashisregardforher.

Maggiepaidhimbackinherownway.Shekeptthechildrenup,thefourofthem,

tokeephercompany,shesaid,butofcoursetheysangandmadeanoiseandbroke

theendlesssoundofJames'voice.Verylate,theydroppedofftosleepintheirchairs.

Then,whenJameswasabouttogo,Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorlessforced

himtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction,for

James,thoughrich,wasunwillingtogiveorsharewhathehad.Healwayswenthome

takingthelasttrain,justaftertwoo'clock.

Maggie'schildrensecretlystaredattheiruncle.Theycouldnotforgetthathehad,

intheirmother'swords,"losttwowivesandtakenathird”.Theywonderedabout

thosetwounfortunate,lostladies.Theyaskedeachotherwhattheirfateshadbeen,

andifneithercouldeverbefoundagain.Jamesneverbroughthisthirdwifewithhim

norevermentionedher.Thechildrendecidedthathemustbesofrightenedoflosing

herthatheneverallowedheroutsidethedoor.

1.MaggieneverpreparedanythingspecialforJamesbecause.

A.hewasamandifficulttoplease

B.sheneverknewwhenhewascoming

C.shewastoobusylookingafterherchildren

D.heneverstayedlongenoughforameal

2.WhatdoweknowaboutJames'behaviour?

A.Hewasakindman,withloveforthefamily.

B.Hewasunselfish,especiallywithhisbrother.

C.Hewasanxioustopleasethefamily,especiallythechildren.

D.Hewasrudetohissister-in-law.

3.Maggiefeltpleasedwhen.

A.shepaidJamesthemoneythatsheowedhim

B.Jamesgavesomemoneytothechildren

C.shehadtowakeJamesuptocatchhistrain

D.Jamesthankedherforthenicesupper

答案

l.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的InfactJamescameonceayear,

unexpectedly可知答案為B。

2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的…excepttoadd,"You'llbegettingonwith

thesupper,Maggie.”Suchwashisregardforher.可知他對Maggie的態(tài)度不是很友

好，故答案為Do

3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Maggiewokethemupandsomoreorless

forcedhimtopartwithfourshillingsbeforeheleft.Thatgavehersomesatisfaction

可知答案為B。

(B)

IworkatagrocerystoreinMontreafsPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalot

ofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublic

placestostopthespreadofthecoronaviruspandemic.

ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI*veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershad

tobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilitwasclosed.Itwasnuts.Ididn'thavetimetoeat

lunch,andwheneveroneofusoncashhadtousethebathroom,we*dhavetobringin

aco-workeroffthefloortocoverforus.

Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.Customersaremostly

considerate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundto

makesurethatpersonsneezesintotheirelbow.Tveevenseencustomerscomein

wearingsomestrangeget-ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbag

wrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.

Alotofmyco-workershavelefttoavoidapublic-facingjobduringthe

pandemic.GrocerystoreworkersacrossCanadaareputtingtheirhealthatriskevery

timetheycomeintowork,butalotofusarestillmakingclosetotheminimumwage.

IrealizethatIfeelmoreexhaustedthannormaleventhoughI'mworkingthesame

hours.

Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.Fve

overheardpeopletalkingonthephonewhosoundedasthoughtheywereorganizing

grocerydeliveriesforthosestuckathome.Andthispastweekendaverynicelady

thankedusforcontinuingtowork.Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshaving

thesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Instead,tellusafunnyanecdote,orabout

somethingnice.Wellappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabit

brighter.

l.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowby“Itwasnuts."inparagraph2?

A.Thegoodswereinshortsupply.

B.Thestorewashavingabigsale.

C.Thecashierscomplainedabouttheirwork.

D.Thelocalsrushedtogoshoppinglikecrazy.

2.Whatdoesparagraph3conveyaboutcustomers?

A.Theyliketoshophereindisguise.

B.Theyarepanickyaboutthedisease.

C.Theyaremorefriendlytoeachother.

D.Theyhavetakenproperpreventivemeasures.

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?

A.Optimistic.B.Talented.

C.Ambitious.D.Efficient.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Itisnotworkbutworrythatkills

B.Helpingothersishelpingourselves

C.Momentsofkindnessshineinatimeofchaos

D.Hereiswhatit'slikeworkinginthepandemic

答案

l.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句"Thenextdaythestorewasthe

busiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilit

wasclosed.”可知，第二天雜貨店顧客爆滿，作者用這樣的表達就是為了說明人們面

對疫情驚慌失措、蜂擁而至前來購物的混亂場景。故選D項。

2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestore

hasbeendifferent.”可知，疫情暴發(fā)后，整個雜貨店里的氣氛都變了，結(jié)合本段給出的

人們對咳嗽、打噴嚏的人很敏感以及用購物袋包住頭部都不難看出，人們對于疫

情是感到恐慌的。故選B項。

3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句"Therestillhavebeensome

momentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.”和最后一句"We'llappreciatethe

distraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.“可知，作者處在新冠月巾炎疫，情

的緊張氣氛下，還是比較冷靜的，也能關注到周圍發(fā)生的一些美好的事情，同時對

關心自己的人表示感激,應該是比較積極樂觀的。故選A項。

4.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段可知,作者身為雜貨店的工作人員，本文講述的

就是在新冠肺炎疫情下她在雜貨店工作過程中的所見所聞,D選項符合文章主要

內(nèi)容，適合作為標題。故選D項。

(C)

MamaandIspendmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblowsintoourhouse.Mama

saysallthedustisduetothedrought.Thedirtcoverseverything.ltcoversour

clothes.WehavetowashthedishesbeforeeachmeaLWerarelydrivethetruck

becausePapafearsthedustfromtheroadwillruinthemotor.

Whenmysister,Faye,andIwalktoschoolwewearkerchiefsoverourmouthsso

wedon'tbreatheinthedirt.Ondayswhentheairissobadthattheyclosethe

school,westayathomeandhelpMamaputwetsheetsoverthewindows.Butthedirt

alwaysfindsawayin.

LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclear

bluesky.Afterlunch,PapaheadedouttothefieldtocheckonthecattlewhileIplayed

withFayeintheyard.Thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.Ilookedtothewestandsaw

ahugeblackcloudofdust.Allthebirdsflewaway."ImustwarnPapa,“Ithoughtto

myself.lbavoidherpanicking,!gentlytoldFayetogobackinsidewhereshewould

besafe,andthenheadedofftothefield.

Thestormhitsofast,andinaninstantthedayturnedintonight.BythetimeI

enteredthecowfieldthefinesandwaswhippingacrossmyface.Iscreamedfor

Papa,hopingmyvoicewouldleadhimback.

Thedirtandsandstungmyskinlikeathousandbees.AlthoughIwasterrified,1

refusedtoturnback.Mydadwasstrandedandneededmyhelp.Coveringmyfacewith

onehand,!gropedmywaytowardthetruckandopenedthedoor.FirstItriedturning

thetruck'slightsonandoff^hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthe

sandstormletnolightescape.ThenIpushedthehomagainandagain,soPapawould

hearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.

Suddenly,Papa'sfaceappearedatthewindow.Myheartleapedwithsurpriseand

relief.Heopenedthedoorandclimbedontotheseatnexttome.Hethenpulledmeinto

hisarmsandsaid/'Oh,Iris,yousavedme!^^

Finally,thewindsubsidedandthedustbegantosettle.Dirtwaspileduptothe

windowononesideofthetruckandhalfwayupthedoorontheother.Papakickedthe

door,openingitfarenoughtoletusout.

Sandandsoildriftswereeverywhere,butweweresafe.

1.Whatisthemainfunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Itdescribesaproblemthecharactersmustsolve.

Bitestablishesthesettingwherethestorytakesplace.

C.Itintroducesthecharactersthatarerelatedtothestory.

D.Itexplainsthemotivationsforthecharacters9lateractions.

2.WhydidPapagotothefieldthatSunday?

A.Hewastryingtogettohistruck.

B.Heneededtopreparethefieldforharvest.

C.Hewantedtomakesurethecattlewerefine.

D.Heplannedtobringthecattleinbeforethestorm.

3.HowdidIrissaveherfather?

A.Bywarninghimtorunaway.

B.Byturningonthetruck'slights.

C.Byguidinghimtowardstheshelter.

D.Byscreaminghisnameatthetopofhervoice.

4.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeIris?

A.Braveandcalm.

B.Experiencedandconfident.

C.Adventurousandcareful.

D.Fearlessandsympathetic.

l.B推理判斷題。下文講述了作者的英勇事跡，而第一、二段講述的是該故

事發(fā)生之前的天氣狀況,旨在給故事提供背景，故選B項。

2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Afterlunch,Papaheadedouttothefield

tocheckonthecattle...”可知，父親那個周日去牧場是為了核實牛的情況是否正常,

故C項正確。

3.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“FirstItriedturningthetruck'slightson

andoff,hopingthatPapawouldseethemflashing,butthesandstormletnolight

escape.ThenIpushedthehornagainandagain,soPapawouldhearit.“可知，作者通過

不斷地閃車燈和按喇叭的方式引導父親來卡車這個臨時庇護處躲避沙塵暴，故選

C項。

4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段尾句以及第五段描述的作者嘗試各種方

式將父親引到車里躲避可知，作者是冷靜的;根據(jù)第五段第二、三句可知，盡管作者

很害怕，但她還是沖進沙塵暴去幫助父親，由此可知作者是勇敢的，故A項正確。

(D)

ErikKobayashi-SolomonspentadaywithDr.PaulGauthier,aplantphysiologist

specializinginvertical（垂直的）farmingresearchandcameawaywithseveral

importantideasaboutverticalfarming.

Humanshave12,000yearsofexperienceingrowingfood,butonlyageneration's

worthofexperienceorsoingrowingcropsindoors.Wearestillprogressingupthe

technologylearningcurve（曲線）.What'smore,traditionalfarmingtechniquesare

basedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletoverticalfarming.Therefore,without

takingtimetounderstandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletolive

uptoitsimpliedpromise.

ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsisoneofthebiggestproblemsavertical

farmmustovercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhascharacterizedverticalfarmsas

the“pie-in?the?sky'‘business.Hefamouslycalculates,forinstance,thatthecostofa

loafofbreadwouldbe$24iffannedindoors一thecostistoohigh.Gauthier

acknowledgesthatenergypricesarehighbutpointsoutthatscientificworkhas

shownthatonlyabout6%ofavailablesunlightisusedincropphotosynthesis（光合

作用）,sotheremaybewaysofgrowingthesameplantswithlesslight.

Gauthieralsopointsoutthatwhileenergycostsareabithigh,verticalfarming

doescreateenormousefficienciesinotherareas.Waterusagemaybesignificantly

reducedbecausethesamewatercanberecycledtimeandagain.Fertilizerusecanbe

greatlyreducedandpesticidesforpestcontrolareunnecessary.It^clearthatvertical

farmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.

Thefutureisprobablymixed.Insomeenvironments一theMiddleEast,for

instance-amovetoverticalfarmingisano-brainer.AnindoorfarminSaudi

Arabia,forinstance,canusesolarenergytopowerLEDsatlowcostwithoutshading

otherfarmland.Inotherenvironments,though,theexpenseofestablishingafacility

placesahighbarongrowthandprofitability.Alargeverticalfarmingandequipment

operationonlystartedgeneratingasmallprofiteightyearsintoitsnine-yearlife.

1.WhatcanweinferaboutverticalfarminginParagraph2?

A.Itwillreplacetraditionalfarmingoneday.

B.Itreliesonresearchofmorebasicscience.

C.Itcanbeapplicableunderdifferentconditions.

D.Itactuallycameintobeing12,000yearsago.

2.WhatdoesDr.LouisAlbrightthinkofverticalfarms?

A.Theyuselesslightthantraditionalones.

B.Theymayseemveryunlikelytosucceed.

C.Theycanovercomemanyproblemsinfanning.

D.Theydonotneedanynaturalsunlightanylonger.

3.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thewaysofreducingcostsofverticalfarming.

B.Thesecretsofdevelopingverticalfarming.

C.Therecenttrendofverticalfarming.

D.Thebenefitsofverticalfarming.

4.Whyistheexampleof“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia“mentioned?

A.lbshowverticalfarmingcanworkwellinsomeplaces.

B.ToprovesolarenergyisvitalforfarminginSaudiArabia.

C.Toconfirmtheexpenseofsettingupaverticalfarmishigh.

D.lbarguethatvegetablesdonotneedtobeimportedanylonger.

l.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句"Therefbre,withouttakingtimeto

understandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoitsimplied

promise.”可知，如果不花時間去了解科學，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)就不可能實現(xiàn)其潛在的前景。

由此可推知，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展依賴更多的基礎科學的研究，故選B項。

2.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句"Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhas

characterizedverticalfarmsasthe'pie-in-the-sky'business.”及下文歹U舉的他預測使

用垂直農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)會使一條面包過貴可知,Dr.LouisAlbright認為垂直農(nóng)業(yè)似乎不太

可能成功。故選B項。

3.D段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“verticalfarmingdoescreate

enormousefficienciesinotherareas”及本段最后一句"It'sclearthatverticalfarming

offersrealvaluetosociety.”可知，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)確實在其他領域創(chuàng)造了提高功效的方法,

為社會提供了真正的價值;該段第二、三句列舉了垂直農(nóng)業(yè)具體在哪些領域創(chuàng)造

了提高功效的方法。由此可知,本段主要講的是垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的好處。故選D項。

4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Thefutureisprobablymixed.”和本

段中的"Insomeenvironments"”1!！otherenvironments”可知,本段主要講了在不同

的環(huán)境中垂直農(nóng)業(yè)未來的情況不同；又根據(jù)本段第三句中的“canusesolar

energy...shadingotherfarmland"可知，歹!J舉“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia”的例子，

是為了說明在有些地方垂直農(nóng)業(yè)可以運轉(zhuǎn)良好。故選A項。

(E)

AprimaryschoolprincipalinnorthChinahasbecomethelatestInternet

celebrityforleadingsomecoolmovesduringamorningexerciseroutinewithhis

students.

Everymorning,40-year-oldprincipalZhangPengfeiatXiguanPrimarySchool

inLinyiCounty,ShanxiProvincewouldleadabout700pupilsintheplaygroundina

synchronised“ghostshuffle"routine-adancethatincorporatescontemporaryjazz

stepswithheel,toeandarmmovements.Theboldheadmasterthoughtthefunand

energeticexerciseroutinewouldbetterencouragestudentstogetactiveinsteadof

“beinggluedtotheirmobilephones”.

TheschooPsnew30-minutedanceroutinehasreplacedthegovernment-imposed

broadcastcallisthenicsprogramme,ashortworkoutthathasbeenarequirementat

everyprimary,middleandsecondaryschoolinChinasince1951.“Ithoughtwe

neededachangebecausethestudentshavebeenlosinginterestindoingthebroadcast

callisthenicsroutine,ZhangtoldtheSouthernMetropolisNews.

Thededicatedprincipalsaidhecameacrossagroupofpeopledoingthe“ghost

shuffle^^routineatapublicplazalastsummeranddecidedtolearnthedancehimself.

“Ithoughtthedancewouldbegreatforkids,“hesaid."Themusicisfullofenergy

anditreallygetsthehappyfeelingofflowing.^^InOctober,heintroducedthe

choreographed（編排的）routinetoallofhisstudentsandshortlyafter,eventeachers

andstaffwerejoiningin."Nowthestudentsaren'tconstantlyontheirphones.I

sometimescatchthemwatchingdifferentdanceroutinevideosandlearningnew

moves!,9theproudheadmastertoldreporters.

ThevideoquicklywentaroundonChinesesocialmedia,withaWeibotopic

pagetitled"principalleadsstudentsinghostdanceroutine^^gathering250million

views."Thisisperhapsthebestadaptationofsportandentertainmentforchildren,a

commentonWeiboread.

1.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.ZhangPengfeiisaprimaryschoolprincipalinsouthChina.

B.XiguanPrimarySchool'snew30-minutedanceroutineisbothfunand

energetic.

C.Doingthebroadcastcallisthenicsroutineisonlyrequiredatprimaryschoolsin

China.

D.FewpeopleshowedinterestinZhangPengfei^ghostdanceroutinevideoon

Weibo.

2.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleholdacriticalattitudetowardstheadaptation.

B.Peopleholdanindifferentattitudetowardstheadaptation.

C.Peopleholdanegativeattitudetowardstheadaptation.

D.Peopleholdasupportiveattitudetowardstheadaptation.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AfamousprimaryschoolprincipakZhangPengfei

B.TraditionalcallisthenicsprogrammesinChina

C.AChineseprincipalleadsstudentsina“ghostshuffle^^routine

D.AnInternetcelebrityinChina

4.Fromwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthispassage?

A.Agriculture.B.Technology.C.Economy.D.Education.

答案

l.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知這位大膽的校長認為，這種有趣

而且充滿活力的鍛煉能更好地鼓勵學生活躍起來，而不是“目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著他們

的手機”。據(jù)此可知，這種舞蹈有趣而且充滿活力。

2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“Thisisperhapsthebest

adaptationofsportandentertainmentforchildren”可知，這種舞蹈可能是孩子們運動

和娛樂的最佳方式。據(jù)此可推知，人們對這種改編的舞蹈持支持的態(tài)度。

3.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，本文主要介紹了一位校長帶領學生跳“鬼

步舞''的故事。據(jù)此可知,C項最合適。

4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，山西臨猗縣西關小學校長對學校的課間操

進行了改革，選用“鬼步舞”代替課間操。他認為這種舞蹈音樂節(jié)奏強烈，充滿正能

量，對孩子的身心健康有益。據(jù)此可知，本文與學校教育有關,故選自雜志的教育版

塊。

(F)

Highlevelsofchocolateconsumptionmightbeassociatedwithaonethird

reductionintheriskofdevelopingheartdisease,suggestsastudypublishedonlinein

theBritishMedicalJournal.Thefindingsconfirmtheresultsofexistingstudiesthat

generallyagreeonapotentialbeneficiallinkbetweenchocolateconsumptionand

hearthealth.However,theauthorsstressthatfurtherstudiesareneededtotest

whetherchocolateactuallycausesthisreductionorifitcanbeexplainedbysome

otherunmeasuredfactors.

TheWorldHealthOrganizationpredictsthatby2030,nearly236millionpeople

willdiefromheartdisease.However,lifestyleanddietarekeyfactorsinpreventing

heartdisease,saysthepaper.Anumberofrecentstudieshaveshownthateating

chocolatehasapositiveinfluenceonhumanhealthduetoitsantioxidantand

anti-inflammatoryproperties.Thisincludesreducingbloodpressureandimproving

insulinsensitivity.

However,theevidenceabouthoweatingchocolateaffectsyourheartstill

remainsunclear.So,DrOscarFrancoandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityof

Cambridgecarriedoutalargescaleofreviewoftheexistingevidencetoevaluatethe

effectsofeatingchocolateoncardiovascular(心血管的)eventslikeheartattacksand

strokes.

Theyanalyzedtheresultsofsevenstudies,involvingover100,000participants

withandwithoutexistingheartdisease.Foreachstudy,theycomparedthegroupwith

thehighestchocolateconsumptionandthegroupwiththelowestconsumption.

Fivestudiesreportedabeneficiallinkbetweenhigherlevelsofchocolate

consumption