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機(jī)器人機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)一、緒論什么是機(jī)器人機(jī)器人定義1:amachinethatresemblesalivingcreatureinbeingcapableofmovingindependently(asbywalkingorrollingonwheels)andperformingcomplexactions(suchasgraspingandmovingobjects).2:a:adevicethatautomaticallyperformscomplicated,oftenrepetitivetasks(asinanindustrialassemblyline);b:amechanismguidedbyautomaticcontrol.3:apersonwhoresemblesamachineinseemingtofunctionautomaticallyorinlackingnormalfeelingsoremotions.Merriam-Webster機(jī)器人發(fā)展1920,Rossum’sUniversalRobots1950,IsaacAsimov’sThreeLawsofRoboticsFirstLaw:Arobotmaynotinjureahumanbeingor,throughinaction,allowahumanbeingtocometoharm.SecondLaw:ArobotmustobeytheordersgivenitbyhumanbeingsexceptwheresuchorderswouldconflictwiththeFirstLaw.ThirdLaw:ArobotmustprotectitsownexistenceaslongassuchprotectiondoesnotconflictwiththeFirstorSecondLaw.ZerothLaw:Arobotmaynotharmhumanity,or,byinaction,allowhumanitytocometoharm.WikipediaPUMAThe
PUMA
(Programmable
Universal
Machinefor
Assembly,or
Programmable
Universal
Manipulation
Arm)isan
industrial
roboticarm
developedby
VictorScheinman
atpioneering
robot
company
Unimation.Initiallydevelopedfor
GeneralMotors,thePUMAwasbasedonearlierdesignsScheinmaninventedwhileat
StanfordUniversity.WikipediaShakeyShakeytheRobot
wasthefirstgeneral-purposemobile
robot
abletoreasonaboutitsownactions.Whileotherrobotswouldhavetobeinstructedoneachindividualstepofcompletingalargertask,Shakeycouldanalyzecommandsandbreakthemdownintobasicchunksbyitself.WikipediaBostonDynamicsBostonDynamics
isanAmerican
engineering
and
robotics
designcompanyfoundedin1992asa
spin-off
fromthe
MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Headquarteredin
Waltham,Massachusetts,BostonDynamicshasbeenownedbythe
HyundaiMotorGroup
sinceDecember2020,buthavingonlycompletedtheacquisitiononJune2021.BigDogCheetahLittleDogPETMANLS3AtlasSpotHandleStretchPickFactorySafetyServiceRobot[1]Wikipedia[2]/YearNameDescriptionCreatorCategory2012NaoAutonomous
humanoidrobotAldebaranRoboticsEducation&Consumer2006DavidCharacterfromthefilm
A.I.ArtificialIntelligenceBrianAldissEntertainment2010DeweyCharactersfromthefilm
SilentRunningStevenBochco,
MichaelCimino,
DericWashburnEntertainment2010HueyCharactersfromthefilm
SilentRunningStevenBochco,
MichaelCimino,
DericWashburnEntertainment2010LouieCharactersfromthefilm
SilentRunningStevenBochco,
MichaelCimino,
DericWashburnEntertainment2012BigDogQuadrupedal
militaryrobotBostonDynamics,
Foster-Miller,
NASA
JetPropulsionLaboratory,
HarvardUniversityConcordFieldStationResearch2010TerminatorT-800Characterfromthe
Terminator
franchiseJamesCameron,
GaleAnneHurdEntertainment2008Navlab5Autonomousrobotic
vehicleCarnegieMellonSchoolofComputerScienceResearch2003HAL9000Characterfromthefilm
2001:ASpaceOdysseyArthurC.ClarkeEntertainment2003UnimateFirst
industrialrobotGeorgeDevol,
JosephEngelbergerIndustrial&Service2006MariaCharacterfromthefilm
Metropolis;citedasthefirstrobottobedepictedincinemaTheavonHarbou,
FritzLangEntertainment2004ASIMOMulti-functional
humanoidrobotHondaResearch2004RobbytheRobotCharacterfromthefilm
ForbiddenPlanetCyrilHumeEntertainment2010daVinciSurgicalSystemRoboticsurgicalsystemIntuitiveSurgicalIndustrial&Service2010RoombaAutonomous
roboticvacuumcleaneriRobotEducation&Consumer2012PackBotMilitaryrobotiRobotIndustrial&Service2008LegoMindstormsRobottoykit
seriesLegoEducation&Consumer2003R2-D2Characterfromthe
StarWars
franchiseGeorgeLucasEntertainment2004C-3POCharacterfromthe
StarWars
franchiseGeorgeLucasEntertainment2003SojournerMarsExplorationRoverNASAResearch2010OpportunityMarsexplorationroverNASAResearch2010SpiritMarsexplorationroverNASAResearch2006GortCharacterfromthefilm
TheDaytheEarthStoodStillEdmundH.NorthEntertainment2008RaibertHopperFirstself-balancinghoppingrobotMarcRaibertResearch2008Lt.Cmdr.DataCharacterfromthe
StarTrek
franchiseGeneRoddenberryEntertainment2006AIBORoboticpetSonyEducation&Consumer2004ShakeyFirstgeneral-purposemobilerobottobeabletoreasonitsownactionsSRIInternationalResearch2012WALL-ECharacterfromthefilm
WALL-EAndrewStantonEntertainment2004AstroBoyCharacterfromthe
AstroBoy
franchiseOsamuTezukaEntertainment2006SCARAFour-axis
industrialrobot
armUniversityofYamanashiIndustrial&ServiceListofrobotsintheRobotHallofFameListofrobotsi
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