人教版高二英語必修四unit4-Learning-about-language

Learningaims1.TobeabletoguessthewordbyreadingtheEnglishdefinition.2.TolearnthegrammarofV-ingasadverbial.3.Tomastertheusages.第一頁第二頁，共27頁。1._______actionofdefendingoneselfagainstanenemy’sattack.2._______mighthappenorprobablywillbetrue3._______Europeancountrythatisshapedlikeaboot4._______smallrestaurantprovidedbyaschoolforitsstudentsorbyacompany5._________tobechosentospeakoractinplaceofsomeoneDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsdefencelikelyItalycanteenrepresentFindthewordfromthetextforeachofthesemeaning.第二頁第三頁，共27頁。6._______torunortravelsomewhereinagratehurry7.__________tocomenearertosomethingorsomeonefromagreatdistance8.__________groupofpeopleorganizedforaspecialpurpose9._______eithersideofthefacebelowtheeye10.______theactofflying,especiallyscheduledonaplaneapproachdashassociationcheekflight第三頁第四頁，共27頁。Joanwassittinginthepark.Atall,darkwoman___________her,singingloudly.ShelookedasifshewasfromMiddleEasterncountry,maybe_______afteraminute,thewomenstoppedandstartedhittingherown______.Joanwatch________,thinkingthatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.Suddenly,thewomansawJoanand________overtoher.Joanthenrealizedthatshehad_____________thewoman’sactions-shewasn’tcrazy.Shewas,onthe_________,askingforhelptokillabee!CompletethepassageapproachedJordancheekcuriouslydashedmisunderstoodcontrary第四頁第五頁，共27頁。crossroads,adult,major,dormitory,greeted,representing,association,spoken,Colombia,curious,flightAnswerkeyforEx.3第五頁第六頁，共27頁。

AnswerkeyforEx.1(P.29)Discoveringusefulstructures:

Attribute

AdverbialHisnosetouchedGeorgeCook’smovinghand.ThevisitorfromJapancomesinsmiling.Itisaninterestingstudyandcanhelpyouavoiddifficultyincommunication.Fourpeopleenterlookingaroundinacuriousway.第六頁第七頁，共27頁。

Attribute

Adverbial…thisisanexcitingexperienceforyou…

Youseeherstepback

appearingsurprised……recognizesMrGarcia’ssmilingface…

Shearriveshurrying…第七頁第八頁，共27頁。The–ingformastheAdverbialGrammar第八頁第九頁，共27頁?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí),分詞的邏輯主語必須是句子的主語,分詞必須和句中的主語含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,否則不能用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。但要注意它的各種形式變化:主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

一般式完成式第九頁第十頁，共27頁。Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.

聽見鈴聲,學(xué)生們開始走進(jìn)教室。(聽見和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.現(xiàn)在正在建造的這棟樓房室我們的新圖書館。(beingbuilt為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式,表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中)Havingdonethework,hewenthome.

完成了工作,他就回家了。第十頁第十一頁，共27頁?，F(xiàn)在分詞在句中作狀語,修飾謂語動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的原因、時(shí)間、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等?，F(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的狀語(通常用不定式表目的狀語)。第十一頁第十二頁，共27頁。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewasvwaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1)表時(shí)間狀語第十二頁第十三頁，共27頁。2)表原因狀語Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)既然你是一個(gè)學(xué)生,你就應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。由于想到它或許在家,所以我就給他打了電話。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)第十三頁第十四頁，共27頁。

3)表方式、伴隨情況的狀語:作伴隨狀語的分詞表示的動(dòng)作,必須是主語的一個(gè)動(dòng)作,或是與謂語所表示的動(dòng)作(或狀態(tài))同時(shí)發(fā)生,或是對謂語表示的動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài))作進(jìn)一步地補(bǔ)充說明。e.g.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)第十四頁第十五頁，共27頁。他們笑著談著走進(jìn)了教室。_____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking第十五頁第十六頁，共27頁。4)表結(jié)果e.g.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國到處在傳唱這首歌曲,使它成了一首最受歡迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong第十六頁第十七頁，共27頁。5)表?xiàng)l件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走,你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead第十七頁第十八頁，共27頁。6)與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格:

Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyheard．我等汽車時(shí),一只鳥落到我頭上。

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了,他們失望地離開了。

Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.

如果時(shí)間允許,我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。第十八頁第十九頁，共27頁。有時(shí)也可用with(without)+名詞(代詞賓格)+分詞形式。Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。7)作獨(dú)立成分:Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看,他一定是個(gè)演員。第十九頁第二十頁，共27頁。1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)高考鏈接第二十頁第二十一頁，共27頁。3.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.(NMET92)NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived4.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(1991上海)NotknowingB.knowingnotC.NothavingknownD.HavingnotknownCA現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語,分詞結(jié)構(gòu)中否定詞通常放在現(xiàn)在分詞前面。作原因狀語第二十一頁第二十二頁，共27頁。5.Whilewatchingtelevision,________.(NMET2005)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings6._______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.(2004廣東)A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.HavingnotcompletedDC第二十二頁第二十三頁，共27頁。7.“Youcan