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高考能力測試構詞法WordFormation一.合成Compounding兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。方式:1.直接寫在一起。2.用連字符(-)連接。3.由兩個分開的詞構成。⑴合成adj方式例詞1adj+adjred-hot2adj+nfirst-class, full-time,part-time3adj+現(xiàn)在分詞good-looking,free-thinking,4adj+過去分詞ready-made5adj+n-edgood-tempered,middle-aged,cold-blooded6n+n-ediron-willed7n+adjworld-famous,day-long8n+現(xiàn)在分詞beauty-loving,freedom-loving,job-hunting,9n+過去分詞man-made,water-covered,10adv+adjever-green11adv+現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working,far-seeing12adv+過去分詞well-prepared,

quickly-cured,well-known(2)合成動詞13num+nfive-year構成方式例詞14num+n+adjfive-year-old1n+vday-dream2adv+vovercome,upturn翻起15num+八過去分詞four-legged,six-storied3adj+vwhite-wash(3)合成n構成方式例詞1n+nhorseback ,bank-note,newspaper,cellphone,2adj+nback-yard,forehead,3動名詞+nhiding place,reading-room4v+advget-off,breakin,5adv+voutput,overflow合成advhowever,maybe,wherever,whenever,forever合成代詞whoever,,whatever,everyone,nobody,myself,something,anything,合成介詞inside在 里后綴例詞形容-alcentral,industrial,national,natural

詞-anEuropean,American,Australian-erneastern,northern,southern-ablereasonable,horrible,terrible,believable,comfortable,forgettable,sensible-fulcareful,cheerful,grateful,faithful,-ishchildish,Swedish,selfish-ivedestructive, collective,active,creative,effective-ythirsty,dirty,windy,sunny,cloudy,healthy,funny-lesscareless,hopeless,helpless,homeless,sleepless,fearless,limitless-engolden,wooden,woolen-ouscourageous, famous,continuous,serious,various-aryimaginary, revolutionary,secondary-icrealistic,historic,poetic-sometroublesome, burdensome,lonesome,handsome-likechildlike,womanlike,manlike二、派生Derivation前綴含義例詞a-處在……arise,aside,aloneen-使可能enrich,enable,enslavedis-不,否dissatisfy,dishonest,定disappear, disorder,disagreeun-不,做unable, unknown,相反動uncommon,uncomfortable,作unfair,unclose, undress,uncover,untiein-不,非inactive, incapable,im-inpatient,incorrectir-impossible,impersonal,il-impolite, immature,impracticalirregular,irresponsibleillogical,non-不,非non-existent,non-interference, non-conductor,non-stopde-向相反decentralize(分散),方向發(fā)defrost(解凍)-antignorant, significant,observant,important-entdiligent,silent,excellent,frequent-lylively,friendly,lovely,weekly,brotherly,motherly-ishchildish,foolish展anti-反(對)anti-freeze,anti-fascistmis-錯誤的,壞的misdoings,misunderstand,misfortunere重復,再rewrite, remarry,reunite,recycle,co-共同co-exist, co-operate,co-educationex以前的ex-husband,ex-presidenttele遠程telephone, telegraph,telescopesuper-在上面,超級supermarket,superpower,unde在……underline,r-之下underestimate,underground,inte相互,international,interact,r-之間inter-changesub-下,次subtitle, submarine,subconscious,subcontinent,tran過,穿transformation(變形),s-過,變translatevice副vice-premier,-vice-presidentsemi-半semifinal,semicirclesemi-automatic1bi兩個bicycle,biennial兩年一次的3tri三個triangle三角形,tricycl三輪腳踏車,triplets三胞胎emul-多,多種multiply,multi-national,multi-colouredkilo-千kilometre,kilogram后綴綴例詞司-warfZs)rer訥, nmr抽war^e,mectenrfe,^rnwc&e,動1詞y-enwidely,strengthen,caKengtheii,shavye,,happiden,friswrten,quicken,deepen-fySimplify,beautify,terrify,三、轉化Conversion:指一個詞不變化詞形,而由一種此類轉化為另一種詞類或幾種詞類。名詞和動詞之間的轉化telephone電話一打電話,mirror鏡子一像鏡子一樣反映,drink喝一飲料,record錄音一記錄,name,date,hand,study,形容詞轉化為動詞 perfect完美的一一使完善3.名詞轉化為形容詞(副詞)front前面一一前面的形容詞轉化為名詞 chief主要的一一首領訓練要旨:構詞法是英語學習的一個重點,也是近年來常考的項目。特別是在詞語辨析的綜合運用中,對詞匯掌握的要求越來越高。檢測構詞法,在閱讀理解中,巳不把這種詞匯看作生詞,而是把這類詞的理解看作學生通過對構詞法知識的學習,應該具備的一種能力。如有的生詞,只要其詞根是學生們該掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前綴或后綴,再者或是合成詞等,命題人就認為不必再注出漢語注釋。Thatmanwasenoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.carefulC.carelessDcarelessnessThesoldierdiedforsavingthechild,sohisisheavierthanMountTai.dieB.deadC.diedD.deathThechildlookedathisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.A.sadlyB.sadnessC.sadlyD.sadHeisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemisD.physicianThethree-chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.leged6.Stephensonbecametherailwayengineerintheworld.A.leadB.leaderC.leadingD.leadershipWhentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklookedaboutathisud B.proudly C.pride D.pridelyToeveryone?s,thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedsatisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfaction—Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh,myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageaboutinEnglish.—YoucanwritepassageinEnglish?A.600words;a600-wordsB.600-word;a600-words600words;a600-word D.600words;a600-wordsNooneshouldenterthespotwithouttheofthepolice.A.permitpermissionC.permittingD.permittence11Youmustcomewithustothepolice.Ourheadiswaitingforyou.A.headquartersB.headlineC.headmasterD.headacheLettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident;youdidit.A.intendintentionC.intentionallyD.intentionalTheshopownerwelcomedalltheguestswithasmile.A.practicepractiseC.practicalD.practicedTheorderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgejudgementMyTVisoutoforder.CanyoutellmewhatisthenewsaboutIraqWar?latelyB.latestC.laterD.latterTheGreatWallismorethan6000liin.A.longerB.lengthC.longD.longingTomy,Ipassedtheexameasily.A.joyB.joyfulC.joylessD.joynessCanadaismainlyancountry.A.English-speakingB.speak-Englishspoken-English D.English-spokenHowheis!Heisalwaysacting.Heisreallya.foolish;foolishly;foolB.fool;foolish;foolC.foolish;fool;foolfoolishly;foolish;foolThenecklacethatshelostisveryexpensive.It’sofgreat.A.valuablevalueC.valuelessD.unvaluableTherewerefishintheriverinSouthAmerica.A.indangerB.dangerdangerousD.dangerlessTheletter"b”intheword“doubt”is.A.soundB.silentsilenceD.soundedThechildlookedatme.A.strangerB.strangelyC.strangestrangelessTheblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheirbravely.freeB.freelyC.freedomD.freesWhatyousaidsoundedbutinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonablereasonfulC.reasonlessD.unreason

Wehavetolearntechnologyfromothercountries.A.advanceB.advancingadvantageD.advancedThechildrenliveinavillage.Theycomeherealmosteveryday.nearbyB.nearC.nearlyD.nearbyMrBlackisaninthearmy,notaninthegovernment.Youcannoteasilyfindhiminhis.A.official;officer;officeB.officer;office;officialC.official;official;officialD.officer;official;officeYou?dbettergiveupsmokingifyouwanttokeep.A.healthB.healthyhealthilyD.healthierspeaking,Ididn’tdoitonpurpose.A.HonestlyB.HonestC.HonestyDishonest31.Itsoundslikeagoodplan,buttherearesomedifficultiesincarryingitout.A.practicedB.practicalC.practiceD.practicingHisfatherpossessesafactory,whichdoesmostofthepollutiontothisriver.A.paper-makeB.paper-makingC.papers-madeD.paper-madeMarxlefthishomelandforsomereasons.A.politicallyB.politicsC.politicalD.politician34.It’stopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.He’sverystubborn.A.possiblepossiblyC.impossibleD.impossibilityDancaughttwobirdsinthewoodlastweekandtheyarestillinthecage.A.alive;liveB.live;liveC.live;aliveD.alive;aliveA.alive;liveB.live;liveC.live;aliveD.alive;aliveThedoctorsaidthattheoldman’sconditionwasandthattheyhadtriedtheirbest.A.hopeB.hopedC.hopefulD.hopelessAnnfeltsothatshecouldhardlyopenhereyes.A.sleepyB.asleepsleepD.sleepingWestoodthereatthesight.A.frightened;frightfulB.frighteningfrightfulC.fright;frighteningD.frightful;frightThedoctor’sadvicehimfromdrinkingandsmoking.A.encouragedB.couragedC.encouragementD.discouraged40I’dliketobuyahouse,modern,comfortableandaboveallinaquiet_.A.neighbourB.neighbourhoodC.neighboursDneighbour’s改錯練習(每小題有一個構詞法錯誤,請找出并更正)TheMiludeerarelivinginthewildinanaturalpark. 2.Thisblouseisfitforhimatall.It’stoolongandthecolorhasrun.Thepossiblythatthemajorityofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.Wemuststrengthgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeople.Thespermwhalecandivetoadeepofmorethan1000metersinthesea.Heisaveryfamousactress.Hehasplayedmanyimportantpartsindifferentfilms.Personal,I’dratherstayathomewatchingTV. 8.Becauseofherill,shecan’tgooutforthesight-seeing.9.Thankyouforyourdescribeoftheconditionshere.10.It’sreallydustinthisroom.It’salongtimesincesomeonelastlivedinit.Wealldon’tknowhowdarkhappens. 12.Heopenedtheenvelop,efoldedtheletterandbegantoreadit.13.Sheoffereduslotsofvalueinformation,whichplayedanimportantpartincatchingthethief.Wewishyouapleasurejourneybackhome.Thecaptainmadeanapologizetothepassengersforthedelaycausedbybadweather.16.Iwishthatyoucouldinterviewthesejournalswhocome.17.Coralisnotaplantbutavariousofanimallife.18.Inmyopinion,Harryisthemostsuitfulpersonforthejob.19.Thefoodwasgoodbuttheservewaspoor.20.Thismeetingisofgreatimportanttoallofus.21.Therecomesalargecollectionofsoldiersinthedistant.22.Whenhegottothedestination,hewasquiteoutofbreathe.23.Traditionallyspeaking,RussiaisaEuropecountry.24.“Actual”means“infact”,andwecanalsouse“asamatteroffact”.25.ItispossibletopersuadeAdamtogiveupthatdecide.26.Thedoctorsaidthatthepatiencewascomfortableaftertheoperation.27.Somepeoplesaythatthisnewdiscovermightchangethewholesocietycompletely.28.TheChinesegovernmenttreasurethefriendlybetweenthepeopleoftwocountriesandwearewaitingforapeacefulsettlementofthismatter.29.Shewasafraidofhighanddarednotjumpoutoftheplane.30.Hermotherdiedofhungryaftertheflood. 31.Ibetyouaremistakethistime.Themansaidthathewasmerelyapass-byandthathedidn’twatchtheaccident.—Doyoufollowme?—Yes,perfect.PersonalpossessofgunscauseslotsoftroublesintheUSA.35.Thegreatestwealthyisbeingcontentwithalittle.36.Ibelieveourdreamthathumanswilltraveltoandfromthemoonwillcometruth

oneday.37.Failisthemotherofsuccess. 38.Everyyearmillionsofvisiterscometovisitthedams.39.TheChinesepeoplearebuildingsocialistandhaveachievedgreatprogress.Peopleallwentuptooffertheircongratulateontheirwinningthekeymatch.前后綴“冰山一角”練習一.形容詞后綴1-ous結尾advantage ambition anxiety continuecouragedangerdisasterfamegloryhumormountainmysterynervenumber —poison _prosper religion _suspicion vary _vigor 2.以-al結尾Chemistryclasseconomyeditoreducationexceptionfinancefunctionlogicmemorynation origin parentpersonphysics politics y region substancetechnique technology3.以-able結尾ability__ accept access adaptavailavoidcapabilitychangecomfortcompareconvertdesiredurationfavorflexibilityhonormovenotice permit reasonsensevision4.以-ful結尾beautycarecheerdoubtfaithfruitglasshand harmhelpmouthpeacepowerskillspoonsuccessthoughtwonder

二名詞后綴1.以-ment結尾achieveadvanceadvertiseagree —disagree argue assign attachappoint develop_ embarrass encourageengage enjoy _equip establish governinstallmanagemove pavepaypunishshipstate2.以-al結尾approvedisapprovearriveproposerefuseremovesurvivetrywithdraw 3.以-ance/-ence/-ency/cy結尾abundant_ accurate_ agent allowapply attend bankrupt —competent compliantconfidentconsistconvenientinconvenient_ correspondent current dependentindependent innocent _diplomat distant efficient elegant evident exist fluent frequentinferinfantinfluentialintelligent interfereoffend_ patient performpreferreferresident significantsilent tendurgentvacantviolent 4.以-ion結尾act addadmitattractassociatecollectcombinecompletecommitcommunicatecomposeconcludeconsiderconsume createdecidedeclaredefinedescribe destroydeterminedevote

directdistinctdiscussdominateeducateelectevolveexceptexhaustexhibitexploitfoundidentifyillustrateimitateimpressincludeintendintroduceinvestigateinviteliberatelocateoblige _ occupy operateorganizeparticipate_ permit_—predictproduceprovide— pollute —possessrecognizerecommendregulaterelate satisfyselectsolvesubmit suggestutilizeverify三動詞前后綴、1.以-en開頭或結尾large able courage richhard weakbroad softmoistlengthstrengththreatsharpsure2.以-ify結尾magnifiedsimple pureintensebeautyclearelectri

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