人教版必修一第五單元Book-1-Unit-5

Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記1．generous/′d?en?r?s/adj.慷慨的；大方的2．found/fa?nd/vt.建立；建設(shè)3．principle/′prIns?pl/n．法則；原理；原則4．guidance/′ɡaId?ns/n．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)5．hopeful/′h??pfl/adj.懷有希望的，有希望的6．vote/v??t/v．&n．投票，選舉7．a(chǎn)ttack/?′t?k/vt.進(jìn)攻，攻擊；抨擊8．escape/I′skeIp/vi.逃脫，逃走；泄露9．relative/′rel?tIv/n．親戚，親屬10．terror/′ter?/n．恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)11．quality/′kw?l?tI/n．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)→quantityn．?dāng)?shù)量，量12．a(chǎn)ctive/′?ktIv/adj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地；活躍地→activityn.活動(dòng)13．devote/dI′v??t/vt.獻(xiàn)身，專(zhuān)心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的→devotionn．關(guān)愛(ài)；獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)14．peaceful/′pi?sfl/adj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦15．legal/′li?ɡl/adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal(反義詞)adj.非法的，違法的16．violence/′vaI?l?ns/n．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的17．equal/′i?kw?l/adj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等，相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地18．educate/′ed??keIt/vt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者，教育家19．beg/beɡ/vi.請(qǐng)求；乞求→beggarn．乞丐20．reward/rI′w??d/n．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金；vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞→rewardingadj.值得的；有益的；有回報(bào)的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)識(shí)記1．outofwork失業(yè)2．a(chǎn)samatteroffact/infact事實(shí)上3．blowup使充氣；爆炸4．introuble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5．turnto求助于；致力于6．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心7．cometopower上臺(tái)；當(dāng)權(quán)8．setup設(shè)立，建立；搭起9．besentencedto被判處……(徒刑)10．inone’sopinion在某人看來(lái)Ⅲ.經(jīng)典原句默寫(xiě)與背誦1．However，thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那個(gè)時(shí)候，你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。2．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。3．...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant，orfightthegovernment.……我們被置于這樣一種境地：要么被迫承認(rèn)我們低人一等，要么與政府作斗爭(zhēng)。4．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。5．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次跟一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)說(shuō)話時(shí)，我感覺(jué)很糟。1．Althoughheisquiteold，heleadsanactiveactivitiesincludetennisandpainting.(active)2．Everyonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)3．Afterretiringfromthebasketballfield，YaoMingdecidedtogetfurthereducation(educate)inShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity.4．Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitiscruel(cruelty)toeatanimals.5．DoctorSmithwillbewithyouasyourguidance(guide)．6．Wehadapeaceful(peace)afternoonwithoutthechildren.7．Hopefully(hopeful)，I’llbeabletostayathomeforthreeweeksthistime.8．Theyouth(young)oftodayhavegreateropportunitiesthaneverbefore.9．It’sillegal(legal)todriveacarwithoutadriver’slicense.10．Herson，towhomshewassodevoted(devote)，wentabroadtenyearsago.1eq\x(qualityn.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；品德)high/good/topquality高質(zhì)量poor/bad/lowquality質(zhì)量差beofhighquality質(zhì)量高Thefoodisofthehighestquality.這種食品質(zhì)量最優(yōu)。Whatisthequalityyoumostadmireinothers?你最羨慕其他人的什么品質(zhì)？夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)翻譯句子(1)質(zhì)量比數(shù)量更重要。Qualityismoreimportantthanquantity.(2)他是一個(gè)高素質(zhì)的人。Heisamanofhighquality.2eq\x(devotev.獻(xiàn)身；致力；專(zhuān)心于；把……用于givemostof...to)devote...to...把……致力于……，專(zhuān)心于……devotedadj.忠實(shí)的bedevotedto致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；熱愛(ài)……devotionn.奉獻(xiàn)；關(guān)照Besides，sheoftendevoteshersparetimetohelpingothers.而且，她經(jīng)常把業(yè)余時(shí)間用來(lái)幫助他人。 (2010·浙江·書(shū)面表達(dá))However，asIsteppedintoSeniorThree，Ihadtodevotemostofmysparetimetostudying.但是當(dāng)升入高三后，我不得不把大多數(shù)業(yè)余時(shí)間都用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。Alannahasalwaysshownintensedevotiontoherchildren.阿立娜一直非常鐘愛(ài)她的孩子們。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)用devote的適當(dāng)形式填空①Heishighlythoughtofbecauseofhisdevotiontoduty.②Hislifeisonedevotedtothepeople.(2)同義句改寫(xiě)Shewasdevotedtoherstudyandshetookthefirstplaceintheexam.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)Devotedtoherstudy，shetookthefirstplaceintheexam.3votev.投票，表決；建議；n.選票；投票；表決votefor投票贊成voteagainst投票反對(duì)voteon投票表決votetodo...表決做某事Hewasvotedthemostpromisingnewdirector.他當(dāng)選為最有前途的新導(dǎo)演。Theplanwaspassedby6votesto3.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃以6票對(duì)3票獲得通過(guò)。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)語(yǔ)法填空①Didyouvotefororagainsther?②Ifwecan’tagree，we’llhavetovoteonit.(2)Fearingthatmostofthecitizensvotedagainsthim，heworeasmile.因擔(dān)心大多數(shù)人投票反對(duì)他，他臉上總是露出微笑。4eq\x(positionn.姿勢(shì)；位置，方位；職位；地位；v.安置；安裝)inone’sposition處于某人的位置狀況inposition在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胦utofposition不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胻akethepositionthat...認(rèn)為……I’mreallyinterestedinthispositionandhopeIcanworkforyou.我真的對(duì)這個(gè)職位感興趣，希望能為你工作。 (2011·遼寧·書(shū)面表達(dá))Thepositionofthelampwillgivethebestlight.這盞燈現(xiàn)在放的位置照明效果最佳。Leavethebandageinpositionuntilthedoctortellsyoutoremoveit.讓繃帶保持原樣，直到醫(yī)生叫你拆掉為止。特別提醒當(dāng)position后跟定語(yǔ)從句且position在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用where。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)Whenheappliedforapositionintheofficeofthelocalnewspaper，hewastoldtoseethemanager.當(dāng)他向當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)社申請(qǐng)職位時(shí)，人們要他去見(jiàn)經(jīng)理。(2)Theagencytakesthepositionthattheirproductsarebest-sellers.代理商認(rèn)為他們的產(chǎn)品最暢銷(xiāo)。5eq\x(allowv.允許；準(zhǔn)許)allowdoing...允許做某事allowdo...允許某人做……allowallowfor考慮到Thereasonisoftenthatthepressurefromtheirparentsallowsthemalmostnotimeforotheractivities.原因是來(lái)自父母的壓力幾乎讓他們沒(méi)有時(shí)間從事其他的活動(dòng)。 (2011·陜西·書(shū)面表達(dá))Wedon’tallowsmokinginourhome.在我們家里不允許吸煙。Hewasallowedtoleavethecountry.他獲準(zhǔn)離開(kāi)該國(guó)。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Thechildrenarenotallowedtowatch(watch)violentTVprogrammes.(2)Wedon’talloweating(eat)intheclassroom.(3)Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudentswhichallowsthemtocommunicate(communicate)freelywitheachother.6equaladj.相同的，相等的thesamein...；平等的；相當(dāng)?shù)?；能勝任的fit；capable；n.同等的人；相等物；v.與……相等，等于bethesamein...；比得上；抵得過(guò)beasgoodas...beequalin在……方面比得上beequaltosth./doingsth.等于；與……相等；勝任……onequalterms在對(duì)等的條件下

withoutequal/havenoequal無(wú)與倫比Heisaplayerwithoutequal.他是個(gè)無(wú)與倫比的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。Thoughsheisyoung，shehasnoequalinmusic.盡管她很年輕，在音樂(lè)方面沒(méi)有人能比得上她。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Idon’tthinkheisequaltodoing(do)thiskindofwork，soIcan’thirehim.(2)一句多譯他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。①Heisequaltothejob.(equal)②Heisuptothejob.(up)③Heisfitforthejob.(fit)④Heisqualifiedtodothejob.(qualified)7eq\x(rewardv.報(bào)答；獎(jiǎng)賞；n.獎(jiǎng)賞；回報(bào)；酬金)inrewardfor為獎(jiǎng)賞……asarewardfor作為對(duì)……的獎(jiǎng)賞rewardrewardHereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.他因表現(xiàn)勇敢而獲得了一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆ewasgivenamedalasarewardforhisservice.作為對(duì)所提供服務(wù)的獎(jiǎng)賞，他得到了一枚獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。夯?shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)Hereceivedarewardof$900(900美元的獎(jiǎng)金)fromthepoliceforcatchingthecriminal.(2)Itiswidelyacceptedthatyoungbabieslearntodothingsbecausecertainactsleadtorewards(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))．8eq\x(opinionn.意見(jiàn)；見(jiàn)解；信念；看法；主張)inone’sopinion＝intheopinionofhaveagood/bad/high/lowopinionof……評(píng)價(jià)好/不好/高/低Inmyopinion，peopleneedtolearntoaccepttherealityandkeepontrying.依我看，人們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)接受現(xiàn)實(shí)并不斷努力。 (2013·北京·開(kāi)放作文)特別提醒(1)英語(yǔ)中“表達(dá)……意見(jiàn)”通常用express/give/offerone’sopinion，而不說(shuō)makeone’sopinion。(2)英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上用what詢問(wèn)某人的意見(jiàn)或看法，而不用how。(3)英語(yǔ)中常用accordingtoone’sopinion來(lái)表示“根據(jù)某人的意見(jiàn)”。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)Inmyopinion(我認(rèn)為)，youshouldgotherebyyourself.(2)Opinionsvary(觀點(diǎn)不同)frompersontopersononthisissue.(3)Mostoftheaudiencehadahighopinionof(對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)高)theperformanceofourathletesinthe16thAsianGames.eq\x(turntointroubleloseheartthefirstetopower)1．Hefoundhimselfreallyintroublethistime.2．Theirtalkturnedtothechangethathadtakenplaceinthecity.3．ThefirsttimeIsawhim，Iwasamazedathisdevotiontohiscareer.4．Itissaidthatwhenthenewpresidentcomestopower，hewillhavetofacemanydifficultproblems.5．Ididn’tloseheartandkeptrunning.1eq\x(asamatteroffact事實(shí)上；其實(shí))eq\x(表示“事實(shí)上；其實(shí)”的其他短語(yǔ)：inactualfact，intruth，inreality，inpractice，innature)Asamatteroffact，I’veneverbeentherebefore.事實(shí)上，我以前從未去過(guò)那兒。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)同義句改寫(xiě)Heappearstobestrongandhealthy，butinfact，hesuffersfromaheartattack.(用infact的同義短語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子)①Heappearstobestrongandhealthy，butasamatteroffact，hesuffersfromaheartattack.②Heappearstobestrongandhealthy，butintruth/reality/practice/nature，hesuffersfromaheartattack.(2)翻譯句子其實(shí)，做這件事的就是我。Asamatteroffact，Iwastheonewhodidit.2eq\x(turnto轉(zhuǎn)身；求助于；致力于)

turntohelp向某人求助turndown拒絕turnout結(jié)果是；證明是taketurnstodo.../indoing...輪流做……inturn依次；輪流；相應(yīng)地byturns輪流地However，whenitissomethingbeyondmycompetence，Iturntomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.但是當(dāng)事情超出我的能力時(shí)，我向同學(xué)或老師求助。 (2011·安徽·書(shū)面表達(dá))ThenIturnedtomyteacherandheadvisedmetocooperatewithothers.然后我向老師求助，他建議我和其他同學(xué)合作。 (2011·湖北·短文寫(xiě)作)夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用turn短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)—Youlook’sthematter?—Ihadmyproposalturneddownagain.(2)Youcanturntoyourteacherforhelpifyouareintrouble.(3)Don’twillturnoutright.3eq\x(loseheart灰心；泄氣；喪失信心loseconfidence)loseone’shearttoloseone’stemper發(fā)脾氣loseone’spatience失去耐心loseone’sway迷路Wedidn’twinthematch，butwedidn’tloseheart.我們沒(méi)有贏得比賽，但我們沒(méi)有灰心。 (2013·湖南·書(shū)面表達(dá))夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用lose短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)IfoundI’velostmyhearttoyou.(2)Mygrandfatherbecamefiercewhenhelosthistemper.(3)We’vekeptwaitingforalmostanhour；Ilostmypatience.(4)Theteamhadwonnogamesanditlostheart.1．IwastouchedbyherbeautifulvoicethefirsttimeIlistenedtohersinging(我第一次聽(tīng)她演唱)．2．Onlyinthiswaycanwe(只有用這種方法我們才能)solvetheproblemassoonaspossible.3．WhenIwentbyhiswindow，Isawhimdoinghishomework(我看見(jiàn)他正在做作業(yè))．4．Myhometownhaswitnessed/seen/foundgreatchanges(我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化)inthepast20years.5．Thebabyhasreachedthestagewhere(到了這個(gè)階段)hecanstandup.1HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly年7月，他成為第一個(gè)登上月球的人。eq\x(句型公式：不定式作定語(yǔ))1動(dòng)詞不定式可以用來(lái)修飾人和物，一般置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，即后置定語(yǔ)。2當(dāng)被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)及theonly，thevery修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。3tocome將來(lái)的；tospare剩余的。這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)常放在時(shí)間名詞后面作后置定語(yǔ)。4修飾某些抽象名詞的不定式，有時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞短語(yǔ)。Icaughtthetrainwithonlyafewsecondstospare.我在離開(kāi)車(chē)只剩數(shù)秒時(shí)趕上了火車(chē)。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Thecaptainisthelasttoleave(leave)theship.②Theabilitytoexpress(express)anideaisasimportantastheideaitself.③Volunteeringgivesyouachancetochange(change)lives，includingyourown.④Thatistheonlywaywecanimaginetoreduce(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.(2)翻譯句子他總是第一個(gè)回答問(wèn)題。Heisalwaysthefirsttoanswerquestions.2...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……直到那時(shí)，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。eq\x(句型公式：only...)only＋狀語(yǔ)置于句首，句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序?！皁nly＋副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句”放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝形式。Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinmorecomfortableandbeautifulsurroundings.只有這樣，我們才能生活在一個(gè)舒適美麗的環(huán)境中。 (2012·福建·書(shū)面表達(dá))Onlybysayingpolitewordscanyougetonwellwithothers.只有說(shuō)話禮貌你才能和其他人相處得好。 (2010·江西·書(shū)面表達(dá))特別提醒(1)only＋從句放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)單句改錯(cuò)①Onlywhenhadhestudiedthedataagainherealizedthattherewasamistake.Onlywhenhehadstudiedthedataagaindidherealizethattherewasamistake.②Onlycanmanspeak.Onlymancanspeak.(2)同義句改寫(xiě)Thepatientscanbetreatedonlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percent.(改為倒裝句)Onlybyincreasingthenumberofdoctorsby50percentcanthepatientsbetreated.3eq\x(IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。)eq\x(句型公式：...thefirsttime...)thefirsttime作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。類(lèi)似的還有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，theday，theweek，themonth，theyear，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。Hepaidbackthemoneyheowedusimmediatelyhereturnedhome.他一回到家就把欠我們的錢(qián)還上了。EverytimeIseetheoldmaninthepark，heisabsorbedinreadingpapers.每次在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專(zhuān)注地看報(bào)。特別提醒forthefirsttime在句中只能作狀語(yǔ)，不具有連詞功能，不能用來(lái)引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)單句改錯(cuò)ThefirsttimeinherlifeJennierealizedthatsomanypeoplewerelovingherintheworld.Thefirsttime→Forthefirsttime(2)同義句改寫(xiě)IfellinlovewithyouthemomentIsawyou.①I(mǎi)fellinlovewithyouassoonasIsawyou.(用assoonas改寫(xiě)句子)②Ifellinlovewithyouimmediately/directly/instantlyIsawyou.(用以-ly結(jié)尾的連詞改寫(xiě)句子)用定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞完成句子(1)Whatisthenameofthetownwherewestayedlastnight?(2)Pleaseleavethebookwhereitwas.(3)Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhecried.(4)July，when/inwhichwecangohomeforarest，iscomingsoon.(5)IshallneverforgetthedayswhenIlivedinthecountrywithmyparents.Ⅰ.教材活用——根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面的短文NelsonMandela,1.bornonJuly18,1918，isthefirstblackpresidentofSouthAfrica.Hestudiedlaw2.afterheentereduniversity.Thenin1952hesetupalawofficetohelppoorblackpeople.Becauseofhisfight3.againstthegovernmentandanti-blacklaws，he4.wassentenced(sentence)tofiveyearsofhardlabour.After5.thatheformedANCYouthLeague.FightersfromANCbegantoblowupbuildingsin1963andhewassentenced6.tolifeimprisonmentonRobbenIsland.Twentysevenyears7.later(late)，hewasfreedbythewhitegovernment.In1993hewasmadePresidentofSouthAfricaandthegovernmentbyandfor8.theblackpeoplewasfinallyset9.NelsonMandelawas10.really(real)agreatman!Ⅱ.課外拓展——閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Sam：Taxi！Righthere!Keiko：1.Whereto?Sam：Iam2.going(go)totheairport.Keiko：No’sgo.Sam：3.Thanks(thank)．Keiko：Whereareyou4.flying(fly)to?Sam：Iamgoingto5.ameetinginLondon.Keiko：youabusinessman?Sam：Yes，Iamamanager.6.Bytheway，howlongwill7.ittaketogettotheairport?Keiko：It8.usually(usual)takesabout309.trafficisbadatthemoment.Sam：Sohowlongwillittake?Keiko：About45rarelytakesmorethananhour.Sam：That’scouldcatchmy10.flightifwecanarriveattheairportinanhour.Ⅰ.閱讀理解AWehaveanamazing99friendsattheageof21—morethanatanyothertimeinourlife，accordingtoanewtypical21-year-old’ssocialcirclenearlyhits100，with13“best”friends,17“close”friendsand70acquaintances.TheresearchundertakenbyskincarebrandNiveafoundoursocialcirclepeaksat21aswemeetpeopleatworkwhilekeepingintouchwithfriendsfromschoolandasourworkinglivestakeover，welosecontactwithsomeoldfriendscausingthenumbertodroptoaround68bythetimeweare29yearsthisdeclinecontinuesintooldage，itslowsdownslightlyforpeopleintheir30swhenmanyofthembecomefirst-timeisbelievedthatthisisbecausepeopleformnewfriendshipswhileonthematernityward(產(chǎn)科病房)，apost-natal(產(chǎn)后)groupsandwhentakingtheirtoddlerstonursery.TheNiveaClosenessReportfoundthebalancebetweenournumbersof“bestfriends”，“closefriends”and“acquaintances”，remainsfairlyconstantthroughoutouraverageBritonhas18closefriendsandafriendshipcircle，whenallFacebookandothersocialnetworking“friends”areincluded，of208reportfoundthatmenhavemorethantwicethenumberofclosefriends，witharound27comparedtowomenwhohavejustarealsothemostsociable，with39“closefriends”，whiletheWelshhavejust11.Theageof21issuchacriticaljunctioninlifeandthat’swhywehavesomanyfriendswegetolderwebecomemoreselectiveandhavefewerclosefriendswithwhomwetalkaboutthethingsthatarereallyimportanttowhenweareyounger，insteadofhavingonetrustedconfidante(知己)wesharedifferentthingswithavarietyofdifferentpeople.1．AccordingtotheNiveaClosenessReport，whohavethelargestnumberofclosefriends?A．Canadians. B．Londoners.C．Welsh. D．Americans.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，倫敦人最善于交際，有39個(gè)親密好友，而威爾士人只有11個(gè)。因此，倫敦人擁有親密好友的數(shù)量最多。2．Olderpeoplehavefewerfriendsthanthe21-year-oldsbecause.A．theythinkfriendsarenolongerimportantB．theyarelessinterestedinmakingfriendsC．theyaremoreselectiveandcautiousD．theyhavelittletimetomakefriends答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，當(dāng)我們年齡漸長(zhǎng)，我們的擇友標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更嚴(yán)格了，能夠與自己推心置腹的親密好友也就越來(lái)越少了，因此C項(xiàng)正確。3．Peopleof21yearsoldhavethelargestnumberofclosefriendspartlybecause.A．theyhavealotofplayingtimeB．theycontactmorewitholdfriendsC．theybegintofocusontheirworkinglifeD．theyformnewfriendshipwithworkmates答案D解析推理判斷題。由第二段第一句可知，人們?cè)?1歲時(shí)，工作中會(huì)接觸到新的人，同時(shí)也保持著與中學(xué)、大學(xué)好友的聯(lián)系，所以社交圈在此時(shí)達(dá)到頂峰。由此可推知，21歲時(shí)親密朋友最多與參加工作后認(rèn)識(shí)新同事有關(guān)系。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WeAreMostPopularat21B．CloseFriendsAreVeryImportantC．WhoOwnMostFriendsat21?D．WhyDoWeHaveMostFriendsat21?答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講了人在21歲時(shí)擁有的朋友數(shù)量要比其他時(shí)期多，也就是說(shuō)，人在21歲時(shí)最受人歡迎，故A項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。BIfyou’remakingthefilmwithotherpeople，organizeyourcastandcrewsureeverybodyknowstheirroleandwhatdayandtimesthey’reneeded.Givepeoplespecificjobssotheycanbecomeexpertsintheirexample，asoundrecordistlistenstothesoundthroughheadphonesasit’sbeingrecorded，andholdsanextramicrophoneifneeded.Acameraoperatorframesthepicture，setsfocus，checksthelightandrecordstheeditor“cuts”thepicturetogetherafterit’sshot(拍攝)．Aproduceristhecontactpointfortheorshemakessurecrewandcastarethereontime，talkstothepressandorganizesthebudget.Adirectorhastomakesuretheirvisionisdothiseveryoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthedirectorexpectsfromeachsceneandeachshot.Youmayalsoneedamake-up-artist，achoreographer，adriver，youcanquiteeasilymakeyourfirstfilmonyouraschedulethatsayswhichshotsaretobetakenwhereandwhen(thisiscalledashootingschedule)andwhenyou’vecompletedatake，crossitoffthethatyoumaywanttoshoot“outofsequence”，e.g.shootthelastscenefirst，andthefirstifthefilmbeginsandendsbyatreeinthepark，itmaymakesensetofilmbothsceneswhileyou’rethere.ContinuityisparticularlyimportantinaPolaroidcameraandtakephotostocapturemayneedtocomebacktoascenedaysyoudecideyourlocations，considerwhetheryouneedpermissiontousethespace，hownoisyitwillbeandwhatthelightwillbelikeatthetimeofdayyouwillneedtousetherepoweravailable？Areyoulikelytobeinterrupted?Ifyou’remakinganimation(動(dòng)畫(huà)片)oranycomputergeneratedstuff，haveaspacethatyoucanmayneedextralightsandyoumayneedtoleaveworkinsurepeoplelivingwithyouareawarewhat’sneedsalotofundisturbedconcentrationandatitandit’llpayandDisneybothstartedoffathomeexperimentingwithclay(黏土)，pensandacamera.5．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecansee.A．everycrewmemberisanexpertinhisfieldB．carefulpreparationsandarrangementarequitenecessaryC．boththecastandcrewmustarriveatthesametimeeverydayD．everypersonshouldhavehisequipmentwhileworkingtogether答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。前兩段主要講述拍攝電影的前期準(zhǔn)備工作，包括演員名單、工作人員以及他們需要各負(fù)其責(zé)，分工協(xié)作。6．Toshootafilm，ashootingschedulemustbefixedfirst.A．butitmaybecrossedoffifunnecessaryB．butyouneedn’tworkexactlyonitC．a(chǎn)ndeachstepmustbecarriedoutbyitD．a(chǎn)ndnoonecanchangeitoncesettled答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段可知，拍攝時(shí)間表要事先制定，但隨著場(chǎng)景的需要在順序上可靈活調(diào)整。7．Itcanbeinferredfromthenext-to-lastparagraphthat.A．youneedaskothers’advicewhendecidinglocationsB．itiseasytofindaproperlocationtoshootafilmC．onceyoufindagoodplacetofilmyoumustcheckitlaterD．unexpectedthingsmayhappenwhileyouareshootinginaplace答案D解析推理判斷題。拍外景要考慮別人是否允許使用，要考慮外景地的環(huán)境，包括噪音、光線、電力供應(yīng)等，由此推測(cè)如果考慮不周，有可能會(huì)發(fā)生意想不到的事情。8．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Preparationsformakinganimation.B．Theimportanceoffamily’ssupport.C．Theequipmentofmakinganimation.D．SuccessfulstoriesofAardmannandDisney.答案A解析段落大意題。最后一段談到拍攝動(dòng)畫(huà)片時(shí)，需要準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)場(chǎng)地、額外的燈光、安排工作進(jìn)度、得到身邊的人的理解與支持等等，這些都是拍攝動(dòng)畫(huà)片的準(zhǔn)備工作。文章中的2個(gè)閱讀障礙句分析1．Similarlyifthefilmbeginsandendsbyatreeinthepark，itmaymakesensetofilmbothsceneswhileyou’rethere.(Paragraph6)句式分析：該句中包含一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。自主翻譯：類(lèi)似地，如果這部電影以在一個(gè)公園里的一棵樹(shù)開(kāi)始和結(jié)束，那么當(dāng)你在那里的時(shí)候，拍攝這兩個(gè)場(chǎng)景可能是比較明智的做法。2．Whenyoudecideyourlocations，considerwhetheryouneedpermissiontousethespace，hownoisyitwillbeandwhatthelightwillbelikeatthetimeofdayyouwillneedtouseit.(Paragraph7)句式分析：該句中when引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；whether，how和what引導(dǎo)了三個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，作conside