GPS測量原理及應(yīng)用實驗報告

《GPS測量原理及應(yīng)用》實驗報告班級：XXXXXX姓名：XXX學(xué)號：XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX二〇一〇年六月一、序言1、實習(xí)名稱《GPS測量原理及應(yīng)用》課程實習(xí)2、目的學(xué)會使用GPS接收機(jī)，學(xué)會布設(shè)GPS網(wǎng)和數(shù)據(jù)處理，了解GPS接收機(jī)的使用、數(shù)據(jù)的下載、和數(shù)據(jù)的處理。3、時間2010年六月4、地點(diǎn)中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)南湖校區(qū)校園內(nèi)5、實習(xí)任務(wù)及組織情況完成一個測區(qū)的GPS控制網(wǎng)的布設(shè)優(yōu)化，獨(dú)立處理GPS靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)并最終上交控制點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)。五個班組成一個測繪隊，由實習(xí)老師統(tǒng)一指揮。每班分為四個小組二、測區(qū)概況測區(qū)在中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)南湖校區(qū)內(nèi)，測區(qū)交通便利，車輛較少，氣候溫和，地勢平坦，地形簡單，建筑較多。測區(qū)內(nèi)已有部分已知點(diǎn)。三、執(zhí)行規(guī)范的名稱《全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）測量規(guī)范》GB/T18314-2009四、控制網(wǎng)的布設(shè)、作業(yè)計劃和作業(yè)組織1)GPS網(wǎng)示意圖2)起算數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)號XYH（56高程系統(tǒng)）I091（54坐標(biāo)）3788499.461512613.23051.849漢王（54坐標(biāo)）3784070.114511258.481泉山（QSGY）(54坐標(biāo))3788109.4670514667.667755.9500E088（54坐標(biāo)）3787813.059513642.03439.96643)實習(xí)的任務(wù)分工共12臺GPS接收機(jī)1，2班共8組（提供8臺儀器）3，4，5班共12組，（提供12臺儀器）五個班完成整個網(wǎng)的布設(shè)，觀測時段為2個，第一個時段8臺儀器，第二時段12臺儀器。觀測兩個時段，第一時段：人員：1，2班1-8個組分別觀測；I01-I15-I14-I13-I06-I05-I07-I12人員：3,4,5班9-20組分別觀測；I12-I07-I05-I04-I08-I11-I09-I10-I64-I63-I23-I54-I53-I52-I214)GPS觀測各個小組按計劃準(zhǔn)時到各測站安置好儀器，沿三個不同方向測量GPS接收機(jī)的斜高，然后準(zhǔn)時開機(jī)觀測四十分鐘，統(tǒng)一時間停止觀測，再次測量接收機(jī)的斜高。五、GPS靜態(tài)相對定位測量1、數(shù)據(jù)處理數(shù)據(jù)采集數(shù)據(jù)采集預(yù)處理基線解算GPS網(wǎng)平差成果輸出GPS網(wǎng)平差報告1坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)1.1坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)名稱Beijing541.2基準(zhǔn)參數(shù)橢球長半軸a6378245.0000橢球扁率f1/298.300000001.3投影參數(shù)M0=1.00000000投影比率H=0.0000投影高Bm=0投影面的平均緯度B0=0原點(diǎn)緯度L0=117中央子午線N0=0.0000北向加常數(shù)E0=500000.0000東向加常數(shù)2三維無約束平差2.1平差參數(shù)基準(zhǔn)WGS-84迭代次數(shù)2參考因子1.05χ平方檢驗(α=95%)通過自由度2042.2自由網(wǎng)平差坐標(biāo)站點(diǎn)緯度/中誤差經(jīng)度/中誤差高程/中誤差中誤差(度:分:秒)(m)(度:分:秒)(m)(m)(m)E8834:13:01.93062N0.0015117:08:55.51744E0.001146.98620.00330.0038I08834:13:11.49981N0.0008117:09:35.60398E0.000763.04560.00160.0019I1434:13:07.99641N0.0019117:08:46.17231E0.001343.28900.00410.0047I1534:13:11.22500N0.0021117:08:45.15881E0.002443.66920.00410.0052I2134:12:57.38160N0.0009117:08:08.20351E0.001059.12070.00200.0024I2234:12:58.37570N0.0014117:08:14.23943E0.001057.57750.00310.0036I2334:13:00.99436N0.0009117:08:17.37236E0.000856.05860.00190.0023I3834:12:35.57299N0.0018117:08:01.35559E0.001261.03680.00380.0044I3934:12:34.11352N0.0014117:08:04.36784E0.001259.69270.00250.0031I4034:12:37.97658N0.0018117:08:07.08679E0.002459.04920.00400.0050I4434:13:07.99590N0.0014117:08:46.17248E0.001243.29590.00260.0031I7034:12:38.79654N0.0024117:08:31.51792E0.002750.71870.00460.0059I7134:12:42.22006N0.0022117:08:34.84880E0.001950.64970.00370.0047I8234:13:19.85807N0.0010117:08:29.09758E0.001050.10480.00200.0025I9034:13:19.69043N0.0016117:08:30.08922E0.001149.80580.00350.0040I9134:13:24.25321N0.0016117:08:15.36166E0.001858.82930.00320.0040漢王34:11:00.55914N0.0008117:07:22.22415E0.000754.91500.00160.00193二維約束平差3.1平差參數(shù)迭代次數(shù)3參考因子1.7391x(north)平移-16.1618my(east)平移-65.8133m比例-19.3365ppm旋轉(zhuǎn)2.2002s3.2平面坐標(biāo)站點(diǎn)北向(x)/中誤差

(m)東向(y)/中誤差

(m)中誤差

(m)誤差橢圓E(m)F(m)ET(度:分:秒)E883787813.0590*****513642.0340*****I0883788109.4670*****514667.6677*****I143787999.62480.0033513402.56020.00190.00380.00350.0016162:17:37I153788099.07500.0039513376.47250.00370.00530.00430.0031139:50:23I213787671.22060.0017512431.12490.00150.00230.00180.0015155:02:34I223787702.05270.0024512585.58870.00140.00270.00250.0012162:27:48I233787782.85280.0016512665.67380.00120.00200.00170.0012162:50:23I383786999.00260.0031512256.71320.00180.00360.00330.0015162:28:11I393786954.13560.0025512333.88240.00180.00310.00260.001719:56:47I403787073.26020.0032512403.32510.00360.00480.00410.0026127:52:10I443787999.61320.0025513402.56350.00190.00310.00250.001819:59:55I703787099.37080.0044513028.70230.00400.00590.00480.0034141:41:08I713787204.97650.0039513113.82520.00280.00480.00410.002618:52:58I823788364.50790.0019512965.00170.00160.00250.00190.00164:19:17I903788359.37470.0028512990.39220.00160.00330.00290.0014162:06:38I913788499.4610*****512613.2300*****漢王3784070.1140*****511258.4810*****4高程擬合4.1平差參數(shù)迭代次數(shù)2參考點(diǎn)E88擬合方程H=H0+A+B*x+C*yA-7.01977B(北斜坡)-36.603ppmC(東斜坡)-63.343ppm4.2高程擬合坐標(biāo)站點(diǎn)高程(m)高程(m)E8839.9664I08855.9500I1436.27740.0041I1536.65550.0041I2152.18270.0020I2250.62860.0031I2349.10170.0019I3854.13490.0038I3952.78760.0025I4052.13530.0040I4436.28430.0026I7043.76430.0046I7143.68600.0037I8243.10730.0020I9042.806