（2021初中學業(yè)水平）2021年中考英語重難題型14科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術

話題十四：科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術

（時間：25分鐘分值：26分）I.（2020安徽中考改編）完形填空。（1。分）Inrecentyears,withmoreandmorecarsontheroad,flyingrobotsareusedtodeliver（遞送）mails.Flyingrobotscan1mailstopeople'shouseswithouthavingtodealwithheavy2.Buttheywillspendtoomuchtimeinreturning.Aresearchcenteristryingtoimproveitsflyingrobotswiththe3ofhomingpigeons^言鴿）.Homingpigeonsarepigeonsthatare4trainedtoflyhomefromsomewhereelse.Intests,researchers§thathomingpigeonswere6efficient（高效的）thanflyingrobotsatreturningtotheirhome.7theresearchcenteristryingtouseaflyingrobot,togetherwithahomingpigeon,todelivermails.Aftertherobotfinishesitstasks,itcan8thepigeonbackintheshortestpossibletime.Althoughitwillcostmoremoneyto9pigeons,theresearchcentersaysthatitcan10time.Andthetimeitsaveswillmakeupforthecost.（）1.A.inviteB.carryC.blowD.kick（）2.A.trafficB.rainC.fireD.pollution（）3.A.helpB.luckC.treatD.interest（）4.A.poorlyB.carelesslyC.speciallyD.musically（）5.A.promisedB.jokedC.plannedD.found（）6.A.lessB.moreC.littleD.much（）7.A.SoB.ButC.WhenD.As（）8.A.trainB.knockC.followD.steal（）9.A.dressB.paintC.cleanD.raise（）10.A.expectB.showkillD.save11.（2020重慶中考B舂改編）閱讀理解。（6分）Facialrecognitiontechnology（人臉識另U技術）iswidelyusedtoday.Forexample,policeuseittosearchforbadguys.It'salsousedtounlockphonesordoors.Now,asimilartechnology，knownasfacialdetection（探測）,isenteringanewfield:thebusinessofadvertising（廣告）.Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores.Onefacialdetectionsystemcanjudgeaperson*s“happiness"or"fbar"level.Thathelpsbusi-nessesseehowpeoplefeelastheylookatproductsoradvertisementsinthestore.Anothersystemcandetectwhethersomeoneiswearingeyeglasses.Ifso,storescansendadvertisementsfornewglassestohim.Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards.Camerasinthoseboardscandetectinformationlikepeople'sagesandfivelevelsoffeelings一from“veryhappy"to“veryunhappy”.Supportersofthetechnologysayitcouldimprovebuyers1experiencebyshowingproductstheymightlikeorbyofferingthemproductsatlowerprices.Someareagainsttheideaofusingsuchsystems.PamDixon,theheadofaprivacy（隱私）group,isoneofthem.Shethinksthestrangeactionsmaycausesomethingunfair.Forexample,abusinesscouldraisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson'sageandfeelings.However,onestoretestingthetechnologyexplainedtheywouldn'tstorepeople'sinformationlikenamesorages.Andtheadvertisingboardsystemmakersaiditdidn*tkeepanypersonalinformationorrecordanyvideos.（）1.Facialdetectiontechnologycantellpeople's,accordingtothepassage.A.weightB.feelingsC.heightD.jobs（）2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatfacialdetec-tiontechnology.A.candetectbuyers*namesandrecordthemB?isputinsidesomelargeadvertisingboardsC.maybeusedtosellcheapergoodsinallstoresD.mayneedsometimebeforebeingwidelyused（）3.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe"A.FacialRecognitionTechnologyEnteringaNewFieldB?FacialRecognitionTechnologyLookingforBadGuysC.FacialDetectionTechnologyGoingintoAdver-tisingFieldFacialDetectionTechnologyImprovingBuyers1Experience111.（2020十堰中考改編）任務型閱讀。（10分）Ifyoulookatthetopofyourphone,youwillusuallyseealittlesymbolthatsays3Gor4G.TheGmeans“generation"ofyourmobilenetwork.Butthesesymbolswillbecomethingsofthepastafter5Gnetworksfullyarrive.OnMarch30,Shanghaivice-mayor（副市長）WuQingmadethefirst5GvideocallontheHuaweiMateXSmartphone.Shanghaihasalsobecomethefirstcityinourcountrytostarttesting5Gnetworks.Moreandmorepeoplestartedtolearnabout5Gbecauseithasmanyadvantages.5Gwillletpeopledownloadanduploadthedata（上傳數(shù)據(jù)）fasterthanbefore.Peoplecanuseitformanyotherthingsaswell.Forexample,5Gwillhelptomakeself-drivingcarssafer.Today'sself-drivingtestcarstaketimetosendtheinformationandreceivetheinstructions.Theycan'treactintime.Withthehelpof5G,thiscanbegreatlyimproved.Peoplecouldalsouse5GtopowertheInternetofThings（IOT物聯(lián)網(wǎng)）.It'salargeonlinenetworkthatconnectsallthingsandpeople.FastInternetspeedwillbethekeytodevelopingthistechnology.5Gisontheway.Itwillleadustoanewworld.Areyouready?1題完成句子；2、3題簡略回答問題；4題找出并寫下第三段的主題句；5題將文中畫線句子譯成漢語。TheGmeans“generation”ofyour.WhendidWuQingmakethefirst5GvideocallontheHuaweiMateXSmartphone?WhatwillbethekeytodevelopingIOT??o答案話題十四：科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(時間：25分鐘分值：26分)I.(2020安徽中考改編)完形填空。(10分)Inrecentyears,withmoreandmorecarsontheroad,flyingrobotsareusedtodeliver(遞送)mails.Flyingrobotscan]mailstopeople'shouseswithouthavingtodealwithheavy2.Buttheywillspendtoomuchtimeinreturning.Aresearchcenteristryingtoimproveitsflyingrobotswiththe3ofhomingpigeons6言鴿).Homingpigeonsarepigeonsthatare4trainedtoflyhomefromsomewhereelse.Intests,researchers§thathomingpigeonswere6efficient(高效的)thanflyingrobotsatreturningtotheirhome.7theresearchcenteristryingtouseaflyingrobot,togetherwithahomingpigeon,todelivermails.Aftertherobotfinishesitstasks,itcan8thepigeonbackintheshortestpossibletime.Althoughitwillcostmoremoneyto9pigeons,theresearchcentersaysthatitcan10time.Andthetimeitsaveswillmakeupforthecost.(B)l.A.inviteB.carryC.blowD.kick(A)2.A.trafficB.rainC.fireD.pollution(A)3.A.helpB.luckC.treatD.interest(C)4.A.poorlyB.carelesslyC.speciallyD.musically(D)5.A.promisedB.jokedC.plannedD.found(B)6.A.lessB.morelittleD.much(A)7.A.SoB.ButC.WhenD.As(C)8.A.trainB.knockC.followD.steal(D)9.A.dressB.paintC.cleanD.raise(D)10.A.expectB.showC.killD.save11.(2020重慶中考B卷改編)閱讀理解。(6分)Facialrecognitiontechnology(人臉識另1技術)iswidelyusedtoday.Forexample,policeuseittosearchforbadguys.Itsalsousedtounlockphonesordoors.Now,asimilartechnology，knownasfacialdetection(探測),isenteringanewfield:thebusinessofadver-tising(廣告).Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores.Onefacialdetectionsystemcanjudgeaperson*s“happiness"or"ear"level.Thathelpsbusi-nessesseehowpeoplefeelastheylookatproductsoradvertisementsinthestore.Anothersystemcandetectwhethersomeoneiswearingeyeglasses.Ifso,storescansendadvertisementsfornewglassestohim.Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards.Camerasinthoseboardscandetectinformationlikepeople'sagesandfivelevelsoffeelings-from"veryhappy"to"veryunhappy”.Supportersofthetechnologysayitcouldimprovebuyers*experiencebyshowingproductstheymightlikeorbyofferingthemproductsatlowerprices.Someareagainsttheideaofusingsuchsystems.PamDixon,theheadofaprivacy(隱私)group,isoneofthem.Shethinksthestrangeactionsmaycausesomethingunfair.Forexample,abusinesscouldraisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson'sageandfeelings.However,onestoretestingthetechnologyexplainedtheywouldn'tstorepeople'sinformationlikenamesorages.Andtheadvertisingboardsystemmakersaiditdidn*tkeepanypersonalinformationorrecordanyvideos.(B)l.Facialdetectiontechnologycantellpeople's，accordingtothepassage.A.weightB.feelingsC.heightD.jobs(D)2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatfacialdetec-tiontechnology.A.candetectbuyers*namesandrecordthemB?isputinsidesomelargeadvertisingboardsC.maybeusedtosellcheapergoodsinallstoresD.mayneedsometimebeforebeingwidelyused(C)3.Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe"A.FacialRecognitionTechnologyEnteringaNewFieldB?FacialRecognitionTechnologyLookingforBadGuysC.FacialDetectionTechnologyGoingintoAdver-tisingFieldFacialDetectionTechnologyImprovingBuyers1Experience111.（2020十堰中考改編）任務型閱讀。（10分）Ifyoulookatthetopofyourphone,youwillusuallyseealittlesymbolthatsays3Gor4G.TheGmeans“generation“ofyourmobilenetwork.Butthesesymbolswillbecomethingsofthepastafter5Gnetworksfullyarrive.OnMarch30,Shanghaivice-mayor（副市長）WuQingmadethefirst5GvideocallontheHuaweiMateXSmartphone.Shanghaihasalsobecomethefirstcityinourcountrytostarttesting5Gnetworks.Moreandmorepeoplestartedtolearnabout5Gbecauseithasmanyadvantages.5Gwillletpeopledownloa