貴州省安順市2023年考研《英語一》高分沖刺試卷含解析

貴州省安順市2023年考研《英語一》高分沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Aman,whoisnowsixty-eightyearsold,wentoverseasfortyyearsago.Justbeforethey1,thegirlhelovedgavehimasasouvenir,aheart-shapedknot（結）(symbolizingdevotion)madeofknitting（編織品）2.Andhehungitonhisbelt3.Severalyearslaterhe4andhadchildren.Hissweet-heart’slooks,5timewentby,becamedimmer（更模糊）anddimmerlikealandscapepicture6awaygradually,andhishomelandonlyappearedinhis7.Intheeveningofhislifeheoftenlookedattheknotandsighed.Oneday,8thesightoftheknot,hisgrandson9gettingholdofitasatoy.Theboytoucheditandtriedto10it.Atlasthedidthetrickandgotit11andopen.Whenitwasspreadout,itturnedtoitsformasalong12,averysimplewoolthread.Onlybytheclever13ofabelovedgirlcouldthethreadbeknittedintosuchacomplicatedknot.14lovemadesomanysimplethingscomplexintheworld.Theoldmanwasthus15toagreattruth.Mostofthecomplaints,16andhatredinliferesultfromvery17matters.Ifoneis18mindfulofthem,theybecomementalknots.Butifone19theknot,itremainsasimplethreadorline,20shapeitbecomes.1、A．marriedB．returnedC．partedD．left2、A．clothB．woolC．silkD．cotton3、A．a(chǎn)sfarB．longbeforeC．sofarD．fromthen4、A．gotmarriedB．setoffC．wentawayD．grewup5、A．whileB．a(chǎn)fterC．a(chǎn)sD．though6、A．givingB．fadingC．dyingD．leaving7、A．dreamsB．thoughtsC．ideasD．minds8、A．a(chǎn)tB．uponC．toD．for9、A．lettoB．heldonC．insistedonD．heldout10、A．unfoldB．foldC．tieD．fasten11、A．relaxedB．easyC．looseD．different12、A．threadB．ropeC．pipeD．string13、A．fingerB．handsC．headD．a(chǎn)rms14、A．UnmarriedB．SeparatedC．HeatedD．Devoted15、A．a(chǎn)wokenB．knownC．madeD．come16、A．joyB．kindnessC．bitternessD．dislikes17、A．lightB．simpleC．bigD．small18、A．a(chǎn)lreadyB．neverC．a(chǎn)lwaysD．seldom19、A．seesthroughB．goesthroughC．caresforD．dealswith20、A．whicheverB．whateverC．howeverD．wheneverSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Ifyou’veevernoticeduneasinessinyourpuppyaroundanunwelcomehouseguest，youmightbeontosomething．Anewstudyfoundthatdogscanreallysensebadbehaviorinhumans，andarelesslikelytoaccepttreatsfromthosepeople．Forthestudy，whichwaspublishedintheJanuaryeditionofNeuroscience&biobehavioralReviews，researcherssetupasceneinwhichadogwatchedhisownertrytoopenacontainerwhiletwoactorswereonset．Inaseriesofthreetriesoneoftheactorswouldhelptheowneropenthecontainer，respondneutrally(中立地)，orrefusetohelpopenthecontainer．Theotheractorrespondedpassivelyinallthreetries．Ateachendofthetry，bothactorswouldofferthedogatreatatthesametime．Inthetrieswheretheworkingactorhadrespondedeitherhelpfullyorneutrally，thedogwasequallylikelytoacceptatreatfromeitherofthetwoactors．Inthethirdtrywherehehadrespondedrudely，thedogwasmorelikelytochoosethepassiveactor．JamesAnderson，apsychologistwhoworkedonthestudyatKyotoUniversity，toldtheNewScientistthatthedogsmostlikelyhaveasimilarabilitytonoticebadbehaviorinhumansashumanbabiesdo．“Ifsomebodyisbehavingbadly，theyprobablyendupwithsomesortofemotionalreactiontoit,”hesays．Babieshavebeenshowntobegintomakethesetypesofconnectionsaroundageone．Sowhileyoucan’taskyourdog’sopinioneverytimeyou’refacingadifficultsituation，youcanconsiderhisjudgmentofyournewfriendswhenthinkingaboutwhethertheyarekindornot．Ofcourse，we’11suggestdoingsoaccordingtothesituationandyourownconsideration，butitwouldn’thurttotakenote!1、Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyshow?A．Dogscanreadhumans’thoughts．B．DogsareunwillingtoaccepttreatsfrompeopleC．Dogscansenseunfriendlinessofhumans．D．Dogsfeeluneasyaroundstrangepeople．2、Inthethirdtry，whywasthedogmorelikelytochoosethepassiveactor?A．Thedogwantedtopleasehim．B．Histreatsappearedmoreattractive．C．Hisactionstayedthesameduringthreetries．D．Thedogconsideredtheotheractorrude．3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword”they”inParagraph3referto?A．Humans．B．Dogs．C．Babies．D．Psychologies．Text2Whileit’sbooksthatmakealibrary,beinginlovelysurroundingsmayprovideinspirationandhelpyouworkalittlebitharder.Herearesomeofthecoolestlibrariesoftheworld.LibraryofBirmingham–Birmingham,U.K.ThenewLibraryofBirminghamissaidtobenotonlyBritain’sbiggestpubliclibrary,butalsothelargestinEurope.DesignedbyDutcharchitects,thisreplacementfortheBirminghamCentralLibrarywasopenedin2013andhasawealthofresourceswithinitswalls,includingadultsandkids’libraries,musiccollections,aShakespeareMemorialRoom,andevenagymroom.Gardenscrowntheroof,whilethechangingseasonsbringvariationsintheshadowsandreflectionsinside.NationalLibraryofFrance–Paris,FranceTheNationalLibraryofFrance,whichnowcontainsanastonishingcollectionof30million,datesbacktothe14thcenturyandthisroyallibrarywassetupattheLouvrebyKingCharlesV.TheLibrarywasmovedtoRuedeRichelieusitein1868,withmajordesignworkcarriedoutbyFrencharchitectsHenriLabrousteand,followinghisdeath,Jean-LouisPascal.Here,thereadingroomsareeleganceitself.Therearemorethanjustbookstobefound.StateLibraryofNewSouthWales–Sydney,AustraliaThepublicStateLibraryofNewSouthWalesholdsthehonorofbeingtheoldestinstitutionofitskindinAustralia.ItwasoriginallysetupastheAustralianSubscriptionLibraryin1826,butitwasn’tuntil1942thatitspermanenthomewasready.DesignedbySydneyarchitectWalterLibertyVernonandcompletedin1910,themagnificentsandstoneMitchellWingisoneofthearchitecturalhighlights.SeattleCentralLibrary–Seattle,Washington,USASeattleCentralLibrary’sdistinctivedesignensuresitstandsout.ArchitectRemKoolhaasisoneofthenamesattachedtoitsdesign.Architectssoughttoenvelopthe11-storybuildingwith“alayeroftransparency”,usingaskinofglassandmetal.Thefinishedarticlehousesabout1.45millionbooksandotherthings,aswellasmorethan400computersavailableforpublicuse.Thebuilding,whichopenedin2004,wasincludedontheAmericanInstituteofArchitects’listofAmerica’s150favoritebuildingsin2007.1、Whichofthefollowinglibraryhasthelongesthistory?A．LibraryofBirmingham B．NationalLibraryofFranceC．StateLibraryofNewSouthWales D．SeattleCentralLibrary2、WhatcanyoudoinLibraryofBirmingham?A．Attendaconcert. B．Actaplay.C．Takesomeexercise. D．Enjoynewtechnology.3、WhatdoNationalLibraryofFranceandSeattleCentralLibraryhaveincommon?A．Theyhavecomputersavailable. B．Theyweremovedtoanewplace.C．Theywonawardsforarchitecture. D．Theyweredesignedbymorethanoneperson.Text3Theorganicfoodhasgainedalotof[popularityastheyarebeingconsideredashealthierandtastier.Afairnumberofpeopleadvocatealarge-scaleshifttoorganicfarmingfromconventionalagriculture.Butthismightnotseemwell-founded.Sincethemid-19thcentury,conventionalindustrialagriculturehasbecomeincrediblyefficientonasimplelandtofoodbasis.Conventionalfarminggetsmoreandmorecroppersquarefootofland,whichcanmeanlesswildernessneedstobetransformedtofarmland.Tomakefarmingmoreefficient,conventionalagricultureusesasignificantamountofsyntheticfertilizer（合成肥料）eachyear,andallthatnitrogen（氮）enablesmuchfasterplantgrowth.However,thecostispaidinvastpolluteddeadzonesatthemonthsofmanyoftheworld’srivers,becausemuchofthenitrogenendsuprunningoffthesoilandintotheoceans.Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.Toweakentheenvironmentalimpactofagriculture,improvesoilqualityaswellasproducehealthierfoods,somefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.Environmentalistshavealsowelcomedorganicfoodasbetterfortheplanetthanthefoodproducedbyagriculturalcorporations.Organicpractices---refusingartificialfertilizersandchemicalpesticides–areconsideredfarmoresustainable.Salesoforganicfoodrose7.7%in2010,upto$26.7billion—andpeoplearemakingthosepurchasesfortheirmoralsensesasmuchastheirtongues.Yetanewmeta-analysisinNaturedoesthemathandcomestoahardconclusion:organicfarmingproduces25%fewercropsonaveragethanconventionalagriculture.IntheNatureanalysis,scientistsperformedananalysisof66studiescomparingconventionalandorganicmethodsacross34differentcropspecies,fromfruitstograins.Theyfoundthatorganicfarmingdeliveredaloweroutputforeverycroptype,thoughthedifferencevariedwidely.Forcropslikefruittrees,organictrailed（落后于）conventionalagriculturebyjust5%.Yetformajorgraincropsandvegetables–allofwhichprovidetheworld’smaincalories–conventionalagricultureoutperformedorganicsbymorethan25%.Whatthatmeansisthatwhileorganicfarmingmaybemoresustainablethanconventionalagriculture,therearetrade-offs（此消彼長）witheach.Soanidealglobalagriculturesystemmayborrowthebestfrombothsystemsratherthanupholdingmerelyorganicorconventionalpractices.1、What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Tocomparetwotypesoffarming.B．Tocriticizeconventionalagriculture.C．Todiscussthedevelopmentoffarming.D．Toargueforarealisticagriculturesystem.2、Whatdoweknowaboutconventionalfarming?A．Itproducesmorecropswithfewerfertilizers.B．Itachievesefficiencyatahugecosttotheenvironment.C．Ifoffersalong-termsolutiontoglobaldemandforfood.D．Itperformsfarbetterforeachcroptypethanorganicfarming.3、Whatdoestheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A．Employingorganicfarmingtoplantrice.B．Adoptingorganicpracticestogrowpotato.C．Usingconventionalmethodstoplantcabbage.D．Applyingconventionalfarmingtogrowingapple.4、Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point（次要點）C:ConclusionA．B．C．D．Text4JudyWrightandherhusbanddecidedtomoveclosertotheirson,Chris,wholivedinGeorgia.Aboutamonthafterthemove,Judyfellill,sufferingfromherongoing(不間斷的)battleagainstParkinsondisease.Herconditionworsenedrapidlyandsherequiredmedicalcareathome.Thefamilyhiredanursingaidwhocanceledatthelastminute.Instead,awomannamedTunDeHectorshowedupinherplace.Oneday,TunDesharedastorywithJudyandherfamily.Sherememberedaparticularlydifficultdayin2014,whenastrangerhadhelpedherwithakindgesture.Shehadrunoutofgas,andwithonly$5inherpocket,waswalkingtoagasstation.Amansawherwalkingandturnedhiscararound.Hepaidforhergasandgaveherallthecashleftinhiswallet.Uponhearingthestory,Judy’sson,Chris,tookoffhishatandsaid,“Thatwasme!”HewasthestrangerthathadhelpedTunDeonthatdifficultday.DuringthecareofJudy,theWrightfamilylearnedaboutTunDe’sfamilyandherowndream.Thenursingaid,TunDehopedthatonedayshecouldbecomeanOB-GYNnurse.Hertuitionwaspastdue(逾期)andshehadafamilytocarefor,butshewasdeterminedtoachievethatgoalforherselfandherfamily.JudydiedonJuly9,2017.Insteadofflowers,herfamilyaskedmourners(悼念者)todonatetoTunDe’seducation,toassistherinpayingforhernursingschool.Inlessthanaweek,theyraisedmorethan$8,000andpresentedherwiththesurprisecheck.1、WhydidJudy’sfamilychooseTunDeintheend?A．Tohelpherwithakindgesture. B．TolookafterJudyinthehospital.C．Toreplaceanothernursingaid. D．TogiveJudythebestmedicalcare.2、HowmightChrisfeelwhenhearingTunDe’sstory?A．Thrilled B．ShockedC．Puzzled D．Delighted3、HowdidtheWrightfamilyhelpTunDeafterJudy’sdeath?A．Theypaidforhereducation. B．Theyhelpedcareforherfamily.C．Theyboughtherasurprisepresent. D．Theyhelpedherrealizeherdream.4、Whatdoesthewholestorymainlytellus?A．Kindnesscomesfullcircle. B．Constantdroppingwearsstone.C．Thetruthneverfearsinvestigation. D．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TheGreatWallwaslistedasaWorldHeritagebyUNESCOin1．Justlikeadragon,itwindsupanddownacrossdeserts,grasslandsandmountains,2．(run)approximately21,196kilometersfromeasttowestThe3．(construct)oftheGreatWallwasnotthateasy,4．drewheavilyonthelocalresourcesforbuildingmaterialsThewallswere5．(original)builtintheSpring＆AutumnPeriodandtheWarringStatesPeriodEmperorQinShiHuangsucceededinhisefforttohavethemjoinedtogetherSincethen,theGreatWall6．(serve)asamonumentoftheChinesenationthroughouthistoryWith7．historyofabout2,700years,somepartsoftheGreatWallarenow8．ruinsorhavedisappearedHowever,theGreatWallofChinaisstilloneofthemostappealing9．(attraction)allaroundtheworldowingtoitshistoricalsignificanceThebest-knownpartoftheGreatWallofChina,Badaling,10．(locate)43milesnorthwestofBeijing,attractsthousandsofnationalandforeigntouristseverydayToday,theGreatWall11．(recognize)asoneofthemostimpressivearchitecturalachievementsinhistory語法填空LastyearIwonaprizeinacompetition．I1．（award）ajourneytoAD2．Worriedaboutthejourney，Iwasnervousand3．（certain）atfirst．Luckily，myfriendandguide，WangPing，wasveryunderstandingandgavemesomegreentablets4．helpedalot．Well-knownfortheirexpertise，hisparents'company，5．（call）"FutureTours"，transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule．Icanstillremember6．momentwhenIlayrelaxedinthecomfortableseatsafteracalmingdrinkasthecapsuleswung7．（gentle）sideways．Duringthejourney，theairseemedthinasif8．（it）combinationofgasseshadlittleoxygenleft．Thenewsurroundingsweredifficultformetotolerate，soWangPingsuggestedmeputtingonamaskwhichmademefeelmuchbetter．Innotime，Iwasbackonmyfeetagain．When9．（arrive）atastrange-lookinghouse，IwasshownbyWangPingintoalarge，brightcleanroom，whosewallwasmade10．trees．LaterIfoundthattheir11．（leaf）providedtheroomwithmuch-neededoxygen．AfterawhileWangPingleft．Ihadabriefmealandahotbath．Exhausted，Islidintobedandfellfastasleep．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)RiseandshinealldayMakingtheseeasytaskspartofyourmorningschedulewillimproveyournutrition,energy,andmoodtoday—andbeyond.StretchinbedTrythisevenbeforeyouopenyoureyes.Liftonearmandbeginbystretchingeachfinger,thenyourhand,thenyourwrist,andthenyourwholearm.1、.Thenstretchyourtoes,feet,ankles,andlegs.Finally,endwithaneckandbackstretchthatpushesyououtofbed.This“powerpose”makesyoufeelmoreconfidentalldaylong.2、Workingoutbeforeyoueatencouragesyourbodytoburnmorefatforenergyratherthanrelyingoncarbohydrates（碳水化合物）fromfood.Inastudy,participantswhoexercisedafterbreakfaststillgainedweight,butthosewhoexercisedonanemptystomachdidnot.Turnonthemusic3、.Ifanyoneplaysaninstrument,andifyouhavealittletime,morningistheperfecttimetopractice,asitpreparesyourbrainforlearning.Onestudyfoundthatbothplayingandlisteningtomusichelpimproveacademicperformancein16differentways,includingincreasingfocusandmemory.EnjoysomefunManypeoplefeartofaceanewdayofwork,school,orchores.4、.Thiscanbehavingacupofcoffeeasyoureadyourfavoriteblog,etc.ChooseactivitiesyouenjoyandthatsetyouonagoodpathforthedayYou’veimprovedyourstateofmind,yourhealth,andyourproductivity—allbeforetheweekdayhasevenbegun.5、.A．PicksomethingenergeticthatyouandothersinthehouseenjoyandputitonwhileyougetreadyB．Nowyou’rereadytoconqueryourto-dolistfortodayandeverydayC．DoregularexerciseinthemorningD．MoveontotheotherarmE.Exerciseabit—OnanemptystomachF.TakeuptheentirelengthofthebedwhenyoustretchG.Butifthefirstthingyoudoispleasant,you’llfinditmucheasiertogetgoinWeigheddownbystudy?Pushedtothelimitbythefastpaceoflife?Frightenedbythepossiblewar?Well,you’renotalone.1、Inthepastyears,morethan15laughterclubshavebeensetupacrossthecountry.Peopleofallagesgotoreleasetheirstresswithanhourgrouplaughs.“Peopletelephonedmeandsaidtheyhaveforgottenwhatitistolaugh.2、Sotheycome,”said40-year-oldJocelyneLeMoan.Sheusuallytakesaclassofaround60peoplethroughaseriesoflaughtertechniques.Herpupilsrangefromteenagersto70yearsold,butmostaremiddle-agedwhitecollarsseeking60minutesofrelaxationattheendofabusyday.LeMoantakesthemthroughth