鋼鐵材料許用應(yīng)力

表1 普通碳鋼及優(yōu)質(zhì)碳鋼構(gòu)件基本許用應(yīng)力 /MPa材料材料截面尺寸熱處.材料性能拉壓彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)剪切類標(biāo)號/mm理抗拉強度ob屈服強度osIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII型/MPa。1。1。1。。。TnTnTnTTT普Q215熱。b335?410。s185?215145125901751401059590601009060通碳Q235100。b375?460。s205?235160140100190160120105956511010070鋼Q275扎。b490?610。s235?2751751501102101701301151057012011080優(yōu)20正as245175145105210165125115105701201057525cb450as2751951601152301751351251157513512080質(zhì)35<100火cb530，s3152101801252502001501351208014512085調(diào)質(zhì)。b550?750。s320?370210185130250205155135125851451208545正火cb600，s3552302001452702201701501359016014095。b630?800。s370?430碳調(diào)質(zhì)25021515030023518016015010017515010050<25正火cb630，s375250215150300235180160150100175150100

鋼<100調(diào)質(zhì)ob>700。s>400265235165310260195170155105180160110表2 碳鋼鑄件基本許用應(yīng)力 /MPa材料標(biāo)號截面尺寸/mm熱處理材料性能拉壓彎曲扭轉(zhuǎn)剪切抗拉強度ob屈服強度os/MPaIIIIIIIIImIIImIIImoiololoooTnTnTnTTTZG200?400100正火及回火ob400os20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230?450ob450os23015514010018515512010085651109065ZG270?500ob500os2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310?570ob570os3101901701252301901451251058013011080ZG340?640ob640os3402001801302402051551301158714012087

表3 灰鑄鐵基本許用應(yīng)力 /MPa材料標(biāo)號壁厚/mm抗壓強度/MPa抗拉強度/MPa中心抗壓彎曲扭剪壓拉拉壓IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII。1。1。1。1。1TTTTTTHT-150>2.5?10500?70017514080502820503023452418>10?2014514080412417412519372015>20?3013014080372115372217331813>30?5012014080341914342115311712HT-200>2.5?10600?800220170100633625633828573123>10?20195170100563222563325502720>20?30170170100492819492922442417>30?50160170100462618462721412216HT-250>4.0?10800?1000270230130774431774635693728>10?20240230130693927694131623325>20?30220230130633625633828573123>30?50200230130573223573426512821HT-300>10?201000?1200290285160834733835037754030>20?30250285160714129714332643526>30?50230285160663726663930593224HT-350>10?201100?1300340315180975539975844874735>20?30290315180834733835037754030>30?50260315180744230744433673627附表鋼鐵的許用應(yīng)力（kgf/cm2）載 荷軟鋼中硬鋼鑄 鋼鋼 鐵I900?15001200?1800600?1200300拉伸II600?1000800?1200400?600200III300?500400?600200?400100I900?15001200?1800900?1500900壓縮II600?1000800?1200600?1000600I900?15001200?1800750?1200彎曲II600?1000800?1200500?800III300?500400?600250?400I720?1200960?1440480?960300剪切II480?800640?960320?640200I240?400320?480160?320100

I600?1200900?1440480?960扭轉(zhuǎn)II400?800640?960320?640I200?400320?480160?320（注）載荷指I:靜載荷II:重復(fù)載荷III:交變載荷表4許用彎曲應(yīng)力［。］3極限強度。許用應(yīng)力［。］kgf/cm2材 料kgf/cm2穩(wěn)定載荷沖擊或脈動載荷反復(fù)父變載荷40001300700400舌史 ZrFJ!50001700750450碳素鋼60002000950550700023001100650人冬而800027001300750合金鋼100003300160090040001000500300鑄 鋼50001200700400鋼號處理毛坯直徑(mm)機械性能硬度HB許用彎曲應(yīng)力［。兒kgf/cm20bkgf/mm2oskgf/mm20-1kgf/mm2正火25543226<1871100正火<100522725143?1871050正火>100?300502624143?187100035正火+回火>300?500482423137?187960>500?750462322131?187920<100563026.5163?2011100調(diào)質(zhì)>100?300542825.5144?2011080正火25613628<2411150正火<100603027.5170?207115045正火>100?300582927163?2071130正火+回火>300?500562826156?2071080>500?700542725149?2071050<200653630187?229125035SiMn調(diào)質(zhì)259075461600<1008052401400調(diào)質(zhì)>100?300754535229?286140042SiMn>300?400704032.5217?2691350>400?500653831.5217?255TCF7 CLL130040MB調(diào)質(zhì)251008050197?2551750<2007550361450<100756038228?296150038SiMo調(diào)質(zhì)>100?300725536217?2691450>300?500705035197?2411400>500?800604030186?24112502510080501750<100755237150040Cr調(diào)質(zhì)>100?300705035241?2861480?mn床zlA241?286表5軸的常用材料及許用彎曲應(yīng)力［30］表6 軸類零件允許變形的參考數(shù)值變形名 稱變形允許值撓度V一般用途的軸需要提高剛度的轉(zhuǎn)軸安裝齒輪的軸安裝蝸輪的軸[V]=(0.0003?0.0005)1[v]=0.0002i[v]=(0.01?0.05)mn[v]=(0.01?0.05)mt轉(zhuǎn)角0滑動軸承向心球軸承向心球面軸承圓柱滾子軸承圓錐滾子軸承安裝齒輪的軸承[0]=0.001rad[0]=0.005rad[0]=0.005rad[0]=0.0025rad[0]=0.0016rad[0]=0.001rad注：i——軸承之間的長度(mm)；mn——齒輪法面模數(shù)(mm)；Mt——蝸輪的端面模數(shù)(mm)。表7軸彎曲的允許變形量[30