中西海洋文明史 課件 Chapter 4 Chinese and Western Ocean Economy

ChapterIV:ChineseandWesternOceanEconomy123TraditionalOceanIndustryEmergingOceanIndustryMarineAquaticResources延時(shí)符Sections:TraditionalOceanIndustryLearningObjectivesLearningContentsStoryLinksLead-inQuestions1Toknowthebasicconceptofoceantraditionaleconomy.TounderstandthespecificcharacteristicsofChineseandWesternsalthistory.ToexplorethedifferentdevelopmenthistoriesofChineseandWesternoceantraditionaleconomy.LearningObjectives延時(shí)符Lead-inQuestions延時(shí)符Whatisthedifferencebetweenlandeconomyandoceaneconomy?Whataretheopportunitiesinoceaneconomy?Howimportantistheoceantoournationaleconomy?Whatarethelargestoceanindustries?LearningContents延時(shí)符WesternSeaSaltIndustryChineseSeaSaltIndustryThe

history

of

sea

saltSaltandeconomySalt

and

cultureSalt

and

worshipSaltandcolonizationSaltandwarv.sChineseSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Thehistoryofseasalt:1(1)Theoriginofsalt:鹽宗夙沙氏煮海成鹽ChineseSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符(2)ThreemajortechnologicalreformsofthemanufacturingtechnologyofseasaltinChina:PlaceTimeMethodFirstGuangdong&JianghuaiTangDynastyBoilthebrineintosaltSecondFujian&GuangdongSong&YuandynastiesSunbrinetoproducesaltThirdHebei&TianjinThereignofKublaiKhanDirectlyuseseawaterbrinetomakesaltChineseSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Saltandeconomy:2“臣”，itmeansthatsaltmakingisrelatedto“servingtheemperor”.Theappearanceofapersonmakingthebrine.Thecontainerforcookingsalt.Thischaractershowsthatsaltwasoncecontrolledbytheimperialgovernment.ChineseSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Theimportanceofsaltbeingnationalizedbythegovernment:animportanteconomicsource&ameansofgoverningthecountries.清代官鹽發(fā)票ChineseSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符古書(shū)《鹽鐵論》江蘇鹽稅博物館ChineseSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Saltandculture:3TherearemanymythsandlegendsaboutseasaltinChina.(2)Thereisasurname“Yan”amongtheonehundredsurnamesinChina,andtherearealsosomeplacesnamedafter“Yan”.(3)Therearealargenumberofsalt-relatedpropernamesinthehistoryofsaltdevelopment.孫悟空盜鹽磚WesternSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Saltandworship:1PeopleoftheWestoftenconnectssalttoluck,longevityandlife.WesternSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符InWesterncountries,the

important

role

of

saltisalwaysin:(1)Religiousrituals(2)Theconclusionofcovenants(3)Theexerciseofincantations.…InRussia,peopleinviteguestswithaloafofbreadwithsaltinit.WesternSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Saltandcolonization:2(1)Venice:gotrichthroughsaltproductionandtrade,andlateritbecameawayforEuropeancolonists..(2)Spanish:dominatedthesaltindustrybycontrollingallthesaltspringsinAmerica,thenimposedaheavysalttaxonthelocalIndians.(3)Dutch:copiedthepracticeoftheSpain,soldsaltexclusivelybymeansofseverelyrestrictingtheimportofsalttotheMoluccas.(4)British:rakedin80millionpounds,or250milliontaelsofsilverfromIndiathroughtheBritishEastIndiaCompany’ssaltmonopoly.WesternSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Saltandwar:3SaltdeficiencyThetroopsloweredresistancetodisease&thedisinfectantscouldnotbeproducednorutilized.Thedeathofthewoundedinlargenumbersinwartime.Theimportanceofsaltinwartime:MedicaltreatmentSoldiers’dailyfood.WesternSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符Saltandwar:3SomewarsabouttheWestcausedbyandaffectedbysalt:TheVikingsofnorthernEuropelaunchedasustainedinvasionofthecoastalregionsofwesternEuropeandEngland.RussiainvadedPoland.AmericanRevolutionaryWar.AmericanCivilWar.WesternSeaSaltIndustry:延時(shí)符AmericanCivilWarAmericanRevolutionaryWarStoryLinks延時(shí)符Saltproduction.Saltmines.Saltfromashes.Othersaltuses—Bathsalts.2EmergingOceanIndustryLearningObjectivesLead-inQuestionsLearningContentsStoryLinksToknowthebasicconceptofoceanemergingeconomy.TounderstandthespecificcharacteristicsofChineseandWesternoceanemergingeconomy.ToexplorethedifferentdevelopmenthistoriesofChineseandWesternoceanemergingeconomy.LearningObjectives延時(shí)符Lead-inQuestions延時(shí)符Whatismarineenergy?Whatismarinerenewableenergy?Whatdoyouthinktheoceancanbringus?Inwhatwaydoyouthinktherenewableenergycanbesustainable?Learningcontents延時(shí)符WesternSustainableOceanIndustryChineseOceanEmergingIndustryMarinebiomedicineOffshorewindpowerSeawaterdesalinationOceanwealthOceanhealthOceanknowledgev.sChineseOceanEmergingIndustry:延時(shí)符Marinebiomedicine:1ThedistinctivecharacteristicsofChina’smarinebiopharmaceuticalindustry:(1)China’straditionalmarinemedicinehaslaidasolidfoundation.ChineseOceanEmergingIndustry:延時(shí)符(2)Ampleinstitutionalsupport.ChineseOceanEmergingIndustry:延時(shí)符(3)Acleardevelopmentgoal.ChineseOceanEmergingIndustry:延時(shí)符Offshorewindpower:2

Severaladvantagesofoffshorewindpowercomparedwithwindpowergenerationonland:Lowercost.(2)Longerlifespan.(3)Betterconditions.(4)Providingenergysupportforthedevelopmentofothermarineresources.ChineseOceanEmergingIndustry:延時(shí)符ChineseOceanEmergingIndustry:延時(shí)符Seawaterdesalination:theprocessofremovingsaltfromseawatertoproducefreshwater.3WesternSustainableOceanIndustry:延時(shí)符Oceanwealth:1(1)Someoceanindustries:

fisheries,

tourism,

transport,andenergyproductionandetc.WesternSustainableOceanIndustry:延時(shí)符(2)Ocean-basedrenewableenergy:wind,wave,tidal,thermal,andsolar.WesternSustainableOceanIndustry:延時(shí)符Oceanhealth:2WesternSustainableOceanIndustry:延時(shí)符WesternSustainableOceanIndustry:延時(shí)符Oceanknowledge:3StoryLinks延時(shí)符Whatistheimportanceofseawater?Saltwaterfacts.Usesofseawater.DirectutilizationofseawaterinChina.3MarineAquaticResourcesLearningObjectivesLead-inQuestionsLearningContentsStoryLinksTolearnthecompositionandspecificspeciesoftheChineseandWesternmarinefisheriesresources.ToappreciatetheuniquefeaturesbehindChineseandWesternmarinefisheries.ToanalyzethedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfisheriesmanagement.LearningObjectives延時(shí)符Lead-inQuestions延時(shí)符Doyouknowthedifferencebetweenmarineorganismsandfreshwaterorganisms?WhatdoyouthinkarethemaincharacteristicsofChina’sfisheriesresources?Why?CanyoulistsomecountrieswithdevelopedfisheriesintheWest?Pleaseconsulttheinformationtoexplainwhy.DoyouknowwhatarethefavoritefisheriesresourcesforChinesepeople?Pleaselistandexplainthereasons.Lead-inQuestions延時(shí)符WhataretheWesternersfavoritefisheriesresources?PleasecomparethemwiththeChinesepreferences?Pleasereviewtheinformationandfigureoutthecharacteristicsoffisheriesandaquaculture.Atpresent,whatarethemainchallengesandproblemsfacingthedevelopmentofglobalfisheries?Learningcontents延時(shí)符WesternMarineFisheriesResourcesChineseMarineFisheriesResourcesResourcesoverviewPopulationcharacteristicsResourceissuesNorthAmerica:TheUnitedStatesEurope:NorwayOceania:Australiav.sChineseMarineFisheriesResources:延時(shí)符Resourcesoverview:1Thereare20278recordedspeciesofmarineorganismsinChinesewaters,including:3032fishspecies,1923snailandshellfishspecies,734crabspecies,546shrimpspecies,790algaespecies,morethan200majoreconomicspecies.ChineseMarineFisheriesResources:延時(shí)符ChineseMarineFisheriesResources:延時(shí)符Populationcharacteristics:2R