自考課程二第七單元

Unit7

LeisureandLeadershipSomequestionsforyou:

1.Areyousatisfiedwithyourcurrent?Why?2.Whatisyourideallifeinfuture?orwhatdoyouthinklifeshouldbe?3.Howdoyouthinkof“qualityoflife〞?4.Doyouthink“l(fā)eisure〞isanecessarypartinlife?

1.Observationsandresearchfindingsindicatethatpeopleinadvancedindustrialsocietiesareincreasinglyconcernedwithopportunitiesforleisureandwhattheycandointheirleisuretime.譯：觀察與研究的結(jié)果說明，生活在先進的工業(yè)化社會的人們越來越關心休閑的時機和休閑時的活動。beconcernedwith:關于，涉及…關心，關切…

e.g.ThebookisprimarilyconcernedwithSoviet-AmericanrelationsduringtheColdWar.Theyaremoreconcernedwithhowthewomenhaddressed.2.Theimportancepeopleattachtopaidholidaysandtherapiddevelopmentofservicesformassentertainmentandrecreationaresignsofthisincreasingconcern.譯：人們對帶薪休假的重視和群眾娛樂效勞的迅速開展是他們對這一問題日益關注的標志。attachimportance/significance/value/weighttosth.認為…有重要性/意義/價值/有分量satisfaction:n.滿意，滿足alook/smileofsatisfactionsatisfy:v.〔使〕滿意，滿足tosatisfysb’shunger/curiositysatisfying:adj.令人滿足的，令人滿意的asatisfyingmealsatisfied:adj.滿意的，滿足的besatisfiedwithasatisfiedsmile/customersatisfactory:adj.令人滿意的，可以的，適宜的asatisfactoryexplanationsatisfaction/satisfy/satisfactory/satisfying/satisfieda.Tothe

ofeverybody,thedirectorrelaxedhisthreateningattitude.b.Thecustomerseemedtobe

.c.Thechild’sintelligenceis

forhisage.d.Socialismistofully

thematerialandspiritualneedsofthepeople.e.Theopenedpupilisusuallyassociatedwithpleasant,

experiences.satisfactionsatisfiedsatisfactorysatisfysatisfying5.Asactivitycarriedoutasonethinksfitduringone’ssparetime,leisurehasthefollowingfunctions:relaxation,recreationandentertainment,andpersonaldevelopment.譯：作為休閑時進行的自認為適當?shù)幕顒?，它有以下功能：放松、娛樂、個人開展。

relaxation:n.放松,休閑；減輕；休閑活動

relax:v.放松，休息

relaxed:adj.放松的，冷靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的

relaxing:adj.令人放松的，輕松的

e.g.a

drink/walkJust

andenjoythemovie.Heappeared

beforethematch.relaxingrelaxrelaxed6.Thus,peoplewhoneedtoexertmuchenergyintheirworkwillfindrelaxationmostdesirableinleisure.Thosewithabettereducationandinprofessionaloccupationsmaytendmoretoseekrecreationandpersonaldevelopmentinleisure.譯：因此，工作中需要付出很多精力的人覺得休閑是能得到放松最為理想，而受過良好教育、從事專門工作的人可能更趨向于休閑時尋求娛樂和個人開展。

desire:v&n.愿望，欲望，渴望

desireforsth;desiretodosth.astrongdesireforpowerIhavenodesiretodiscussthematterfurther.Wealldesirehealthandhappiness.Fewerpeopledesiretoliveinthenorthofthecountry.desirable:adj.可取的，值得擁有的/做的

Itisdesirablethatinterestratesshouldbereduced.desirability:n.值得擁有的事，值得做的事Noonequestionsthedesirabilityofcheaperfares.

desire/desirable/desirabilityNobodydoubtsthe

ofgoodhealth.His

werenotgreat.Apeacefullifewaswhathewanted.Somereasonableadjustmentsseem

.

desirabilitydesiresdesirableoccupation:n.職業(yè)，工作；侵占，占領；居住，使用occupy:v.使用，居??；侵占，占領occupant:n.(房屋、建筑等)使用者,居住者

(汽車等內(nèi)的)乘坐者,占用者(exercise)

occupation/occupant/occupya.Muchoftheterritoryisstillunderenemy

.b.He

animportantpositioninthegovernment.c.The

willnotpayrentandmustbeforcedtomoveout.occupationoccupiesoccupantTranslationofParagraph4:

譯：對休閑的具體利用因人而異。即使是同一休閑運動，不同人的利用方式也不同。因此，人們可以按下述方式利用看電視這一最常見的休閑活動：改變感受來“逃避〞工作壓力與緊張；更多了解自己周圍正在發(fā)生的一切；通過比照電視節(jié)目中描繪的別人的生活經(jīng)歷為了解自己提供一個時機。8.Inanurbansocietyinwhichhighlystructured,fast-pacedandstressfulworkloomslargeinlife,experiencesofadifferentnature,beittelevisionwatchingorbird-watching,canleadtoaself-renewalandamore“balanced〞wayoflife.譯：在城市社會中，工作安排緊密、節(jié)奏迅速、充滿壓力，它籠罩著人們的生活，而另一種性質(zhì)的體驗，不管是看電視還是看鳥，都能導致自我更新和更加“平衡〞的生活方式。9.Sinceleisureisbasicallyself-determined,oneisabletotaketoone’sinterestsandpreferencesandgetinvolvedinanactivityinwaysthatwillbringenjoymentandsatisfaction.

譯:由于休閑根本上是自己決定的事，個人就可以培養(yǎng)自己的興趣和愛好，并以能為自己帶來享受和滿足的方式從事某項活動。10.Ourlikesanddislikes,tastesandpreferencesthatunderlieourchoicesofsuchactivitiesasreadingbooks,goingtothecinema,camping,orcertainculturalpursuits,areallrelatedtosocialcontextsandlearningexperiences.

譯：我們的喜愛和厭惡、興趣和偏好決定我們選擇這樣的活動，如讀書、看電影、露營獲知某些文化追求，所有這些都與社會背景和學習經(jīng)歷有關。underlie:v.支撐，構(gòu)成〔理論、政策、行為等〕的根底underlay;underlain;underlyingCarefulplanningunderliesallmydecisions.Whatunderlieshislackofinterestinwork?11.Weacquireinterestsinavarietyofthingsandsubjectsfromourfamilies,schools,jobs,andthemassmedia.譯：我們從家庭、學習、工作和群眾傳媒中養(yǎng)成了對不同事情、不同問題的興趣。acquire:v.獲得，得到，習得ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.12.Basically,suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisureisanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatleisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.譯：根本上說，上述態(tài)度等于成認休閑是生活的一個重要方面和相信休閑應該得到很好。put…to(good)use:把…投入使用,利用,使用recognition:認出，成認，公認recognize/se:v.認出,區(qū)分出；意識到,公認Irecognizedhimassoonashecameintheroom.recognizable:adj.容易認出的，易于識別的Aftersomanyyearsshewasstillrecognizable.a.Thedeadwoman’sfacehadbeenbeatenoutofallshape.b.Thecityhaschangedbeyond.c.HewassomuchchangedthatIcouldhardlyhim.recognizablerecognitionrecognized13.Professionalworkersinrecreationservices,too,willfindthattoimpartpositiveleisureattitudestothegeneralpublicisessentialformotivatingthemtousetheirleisureincreativeandsatisfyingways.譯：從事娛樂業(yè)的專業(yè)工作者也會發(fā)現(xiàn)，培養(yǎng)群眾積極的休閑態(tài)度對促使他們創(chuàng)造性地和滿意地利用閑暇時間十分必要。motivate:作為…的動機，激發(fā)n.motivation動機

positive:adj.積極的，肯定的；明確的，確實的；陽性的，正的

Whocangivemeapositiveanswer?Iwonderifhegavepositiveinstructions.Thetestispositive.練習:他在糾正學生錯誤時總是采取積極的態(tài)度。Healwaysadoptspositiveattitudewhencorrectingstudents’mistakes.14.Hence,itcanbearguedthatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontextsarealllikelytohaveexertedsomeinfluenceinshapingourattitudes,interestsandevenskillsrelevanttohowwehandleleisure.

譯：因此，可以認為，我們在不同環(huán)境中接觸的人都可能在形成我們的態(tài)度、興趣和甚至如何處理閑暇時間等技巧方面產(chǎn)生影響。relevant:adj.1.與…有關的(to)2.貼切的，中肯的Allevidencerelevanttothecaseshouldbegatheredandanalyzed.Thisisarelevantquestion.練習：他的膚色與他是否是個好律師無關。Hiscolorisn’trelevanttow