山東省2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題(（解析版）)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、BC、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASerbiaisoneofthemostaffordabledestinationsinEurope.HerearesomebeautifulplacesinSerbiathatyoucanpayavisitto.MountainAvalaOverlookingBelgradeandtoppedwiththeAvalaTowerintheBalkans,MountainAvalaisamust-visitspotthatmakesforapleasantbreakfromthecapital’sbusystreets.TheAvalaTowerisatalltelecommunicationtowerinthisareawhichwasrebuiltin2010,offeringthepicture-perfectwholeviewoverBelgradefromviewingplatformsandacafeforvisitors.MuseumofSremTheregionalmuseuminthetownofSremskaMitrovicahasavaluablecollectioninprehistoric,Romanandmedievalperiods.ItshighlightsarethenumerousarchaeologicalfindingsfromSremskaMitrovica,includingauniqueRomansundial(日晷)withthesculpturesofsomefigures.TheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaTheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaisoneofthemostsignificantandlastingculturalinstitutionsinSerbia.It’snotameregallerybutratheranationaltreasure,withseveralfloorscoveringpricelessSerbianartworksfromthelate17thtothe20thcenturyindifferentstyleswithcountlesslandscapesandgraphicartandmore.UvacSpecialNatureReserveThespectacularmeandersoftheUvacRiverarethehighlightsoftheUvacSpecialNatureReserveinsouthwesternSerbia.Theincrediblygreenriversnakesthroughrocksinazigzagmanner—afeatofnaturethatisbestadmiredfromhighabove.Thereserve,whichalsocomprisesa6-kilometer-longcavesystem,owesitsprotectedstatustoseveralhundredplantspecies,manytypesoffishesandrarebirdspecies.1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheAvalaTower?A.Visitanartgallery.B.Seeauniquesundial.C.Haveagoodviewofthelandscapes.D.Admireartworksattheviewingplatform.2.WhatdotheMuseumofSremandtheGalleryofMaticaSrpskahaveincommon?A.Culturaltreasures. B.Uniquerocks.C.Oldfloors. D.Modernsculptures.3.WhatmakestheUvacSpecialNatureReservespecial?A.Aprotectedstatue. B.Awatersystem.C.Agreenriver. D.Awildlifemuseum.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹塞爾維亞的一些美麗的地方?！即鸢浮?.C2.A3.B1．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MountainAvala部分“OverlookingBelgradeandtoppedwiththeAvalaTowerintheBalkans,MountainAvalaisamust-visitspotthatmakesforapleasantbreakfromthecapital’sbusystreets.TheAvalaTowerisatalltelecommunicationtowerinthisareawhichwasrebuiltin2010,offeringthepicture-perfectwholeviewoverBelgradefromviewingplatformsandacafeforvisitors.(阿瓦拉山俯瞰貝爾格萊德，頂部是巴爾干半島的阿瓦拉塔，是一個(gè)必去之地，可以在首都繁忙的街道上愉快地休息。阿瓦拉塔是該地區(qū)的一座高大的電信塔，于2010年重建，從觀景臺(tái)和咖啡館為游客提供了貝爾格萊德全景)”可知，在阿瓦拉塔上可以看風(fēng)景。故選C。2．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseumofSrem部分“TheregionalmuseuminthetownofSremskaMitrovicahasavaluablecollectioninprehistoric,Romanandmedievalperiods.ItshighlightsarethenumerousarchaeologicalfindingsfromSremskaMitrovica,includingauniqueRomansundial(日晷)withthesculpturesofsomefigures.(斯雷姆斯卡-米特羅維察鎮(zhèn)的地區(qū)博物館收藏了史前、羅馬和中世紀(jì)時(shí)期的珍貴藏品。它的亮點(diǎn)是來自斯雷姆斯卡-米特羅維察的眾多考古發(fā)現(xiàn)，包括一個(gè)獨(dú)特的羅馬日晷，上面有一些人物的雕塑)”和TheGalleryofMaticaSrpska部分“TheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaisoneofthemostsignificantandlastingculturalinstitutionsinSerbia.It’snotameregallerybutratheranationaltreasure,withseveralfloorscoveringpricelessSerbianartworksfromthelate17thtothe20thcenturyindifferentstyleswithcountlesslandscapesandgraphicartandmore.(Matica塞族共和國(guó)美術(shù)館是塞爾維亞最重要、最持久的文化機(jī)構(gòu)之一。它不僅僅是一個(gè)畫廊，而是一個(gè)國(guó)寶，幾層樓覆蓋著17世紀(jì)末至20世紀(jì)的塞爾維亞價(jià)值連城的藝術(shù)品，風(fēng)格各異，有無數(shù)的風(fēng)景和平面藝術(shù)等等)”可知，這兩個(gè)地方都有許多珍貴的藏品。故選A。3．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UvacSpecialNatureReserve部分“ThespectacularmeandersoftheUvacRiverarethehighlightsoftheUvacSpecialNatureReserveinsouthwesternSerbia.Theincrediblygreenriversnakesthroughrocksinazigzagmanner—afeatofnaturethatisbestadmiredfromhighabove.Thereserve,whichalsocomprisesa6-kilometer-longcavesystem,owesitsprotectedstatustoseveralhundredplantspecies,manytypesoffishesandrarebirdspecies.(烏瓦茨河壯觀的曲流是塞爾維亞西南部烏瓦茨特殊自然保護(hù)區(qū)的亮點(diǎn)。這條令人難以置信的綠色河流蜿蜒曲折地穿過巖石——這是大自然的壯舉，最受高空欽佩。該保護(hù)區(qū)還包括一個(gè)6公里長(zhǎng)的洞穴系統(tǒng)，其保護(hù)地位歸功于數(shù)百種植物、多種魚類和珍禽)”可知，烏瓦茨河有獨(dú)特的水系統(tǒng)。故選B。BIfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.Onedayabout12yearsago.IstoppedatasupermarketalongtheCoralBaycoasttobuysomegroceries.Buttheladyatthecountertoldmethatthesupermarketdidn’tsellanyshoppingbagstopreventplasticintheoceanandhelppreservetheendangeredturtles(海龜)livinginthatarea.Afterafirstreactionofsurprise,Igatheredallpurchasesinmyarmsandleft,reflectingonwhatIhadbeentold.Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousaboutmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.MytraveltoIndonesiawasanotherlife-changingexperiencethatstrengthenedmydeterminationtoturntoazero-wastelifestyle.InIndonesia,findingsafedrinkablewaterwasalwaysachallenge,soItraveledwithmywaterbottle,managingtoavoidalmostentirelytheuseofplasticduringmytrip.However,IwasseriouslystruckbymystayontheLibaranIsland,whereasustainableandturtleconservationprojectwaslaunched10yearsago.Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityincleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.Walkingonacarpetofplasticthatalmostpreventedmefromseeingthebeachunderneathwasquiteshocking.Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!4.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Byreflectingonthepresentlife.B.Bylookingintothefutureenvironment.C.Byintroducingthepreviousachievements.D.Byrecallingthepastshoppingexperience.5.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoafterthetripabout12yearsago?A.Cutbackontravel. B.Shoplessfrequently.C.Leadagreenlife. D.Purifydrinkingwater.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheprojectinparagraph4?A.Ithadnocleargoal. B.Itdidn’tworkoutverywell.C.Itmettheislanders’needs. D.Itwasaimedtopreventturtleattacks.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheplasticproblem?A.Itispermanent. B.Itismanageable.C.Itiseasytosolve. D.Itislackinginattention.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者在旅行中對(duì)塑料問題的意識(shí)到，并且決心采取一些可持續(xù)生活方式來減少塑料使用。旅行中的經(jīng)歷讓作者意識(shí)到塑料對(duì)地球的影響，特別是對(duì)海龜?shù)挠绊?。作者在印度尼西亞的旅行中進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了對(duì)零浪費(fèi)生活方式的決心。盡管在海龜保護(hù)項(xiàng)目中付出了很大努力，但塑料問題依然存在。最后，作者呼吁大家從自己做起，逐步減少塑料使用。〖答案〗4.D5.C6.B7.B4．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.(在西澳大利亞旅行期間，我第一次意識(shí)到塑料對(duì)我們的星球來說是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題)”可知，文章一開始作者回憶起12年前在澳大利亞的旅行中的一個(gè)購(gòu)物經(jīng)歷，這個(gè)經(jīng)歷讓作者第一次意識(shí)到塑料對(duì)地球的影響。由此推知，作者通過回憶過去的購(gòu)物經(jīng)歷引入了文章的主題。故選D。5．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousaboutmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.(那次旅行的經(jīng)歷讓我更加意識(shí)到自己的影響，并促使我養(yǎng)成了各種旅行習(xí)慣和更可持續(xù)的生活方式。例如，我總是帶著一個(gè)棉袋當(dāng)我去購(gòu)物)”可知，通過這次旅行，促使作者養(yǎng)成了各種零浪費(fèi)的旅行習(xí)慣和更可持續(xù)的生活方式即作者決定領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一種綠色的生活。故選C。6．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityincleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.(盡管項(xiàng)目工作人員和社區(qū)在清理海灘和創(chuàng)造性地重復(fù)利用塑料方面做出了巨大努力，但海岸每天都被潮汐帶來的成噸塑料沖刷)”可知，盡管項(xiàng)目的工作人員和社區(qū)在清理海灘，可是每天還是會(huì)帶來成噸塑料。由此推知，該項(xiàng)目收效甚微即作用不大。故選B。7．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!(面對(duì)這個(gè)全球性的問題，我感到一種悲傷和憤怒，很快就變成了決心：盡我所能減少生活中的塑料。有時(shí)我們可能會(huì)在大問題面前感到無助，但我們應(yīng)該意識(shí)到，小的改變實(shí)際上可以一步一步地改變！)”可知，面臨塑料污染這個(gè)全球性問題，作者感覺到悲傷和憤怒，雖然感覺到無助，但是作者相信從自身的小的改變一定可以產(chǎn)生大的影響即一步一步地改變并解決這個(gè)問題。由此推知，作者認(rèn)為塑料問題一定是可以解決的。故選B。CPleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.BasedinPleasanton,California,asuburbofSanFrancisco,thenon-profitorganizationrecentlyhostedafamily-focusedfitnesseventforthecommunity.“Oureventhelpstobringthecommunitytogether,”saidMindyLouie,eventsandoutreachmanagerforPPIE.“Wehavemorethan3,000participants,hard-workingvolunteersandviewers.”Thisyear’sfitnesseventtookplaceonApril30attheAlamedaCountyFairgrounds.Itfeaturedracesoftwomiles,fivekilometersandtenkilometers.AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.Whenaskedtodescribetherun,11-year-oldJeremyLouiesaid,“Fun,excitingandenjoyable.”Jeremyaddedthathewashappytohelpsupporthisschool.PPIEsupportsall15schoolsinthePleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrict,whichincludemorethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff.Thenonprofitorganizationtriestofundprogramsaffectedbybudgetcuts,whileencouragingfitnessandathleticism.Todate,thePPIEhasraisedover$1millionfortheschooldistrict.Alocalrunners’groupcalledtheBURNYouthDevelopment(B.Y.D.)participatedinthefundraising.TheB.Y.D.hassincegrowntomorethan100youthmembers,30ofwhomraninApril’sPPIEevent.JerryWu,thegroup’sfounderandleadcoach,explainedthattheB.Y.D.wasborntokeepkidsrunning.“Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,”Jerrysaid.Jerryencouragesteamworkandteachesthestudentsvaluablerunningtechniques.AsaB.Y.D.member,OllieGu,aneighthgrader,wasoneofthetopfinishersintheten-kilometerrun.Hecompletedtheracein40minutesand46secondsandwonfirstplaceinthe12-to-15year-oldagegroup.“Theracewasextremelyrewarding,”O(jiān)lliesaid.“I’mlookingforwardtoitnextyear.”8.Whichracewasrecentlycreated?A.Aten-kilometerrun. B.Aquarter-milerun.C.Afive-kilometerrun. D.Atwo-milerun.9.Whydoestheauthorlistsomenumbersinparagraph3?A.TostressthegreatinfluenceofPPIE.B.Toshowasmallbudgetforeducation.C.Tointroducetheschooldistrictinbrief.D.Toadvertisetheorganization’sprograms.10.WhatdidbothJerryandOlliewanttoconvey?A.Theirdutiesasathletes. B.Theirfeelingsascoaches.C.TheirrecognitionoftheB.Y.D. D.Theiranticipationofthenextrun.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Sportsvolunteers. B.Youngsportsmen.C.Runningwithteachers. D.Racingforeducation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了名叫PPIE公益組織為當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)生籌集資金并舉辦了各種跑步健身活動(dòng)的情況?！即鸢浮?.B9.A10.C11.D8．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.(一項(xiàng)新的兒童挑戰(zhàn)賽包括四分之一英里的跑步，以鼓勵(lì)年齡較小的兒童參加。)”可知，最近創(chuàng)建了四分之一英里的跑步。故選B項(xiàng)。9．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“PPIEsupportsall15schoolsinthePleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrict,whichincludemorethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff.Thenonprofitorganizationtriestofundprogramsaffectedbybudgetcuts,whileencouragingfitnessandathleticism.Todate,thePPIEhasraisedover$1millionfortheschooldistrict.(PPIE支持普萊森頓聯(lián)合學(xué)區(qū)的所有15所學(xué)校，其中包括14500多名學(xué)生和800名教師和工作人員。這個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織試圖資助受預(yù)算削減影響的項(xiàng)目，同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)健身和運(yùn)動(dòng)。到目前為止，PPIE已經(jīng)為該學(xué)區(qū)籌集了100多萬(wàn)美元。)”可知，作者在第3段中列出了一些數(shù)字，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)PPIE的巨大影響。故選A項(xiàng)。10．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“JerryWu,thegroup’sfounderandleadcoach,explainedthattheB.Y.D.wasborntokeepkidsrunning.‘Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,’Jerrysaid.(該組織的創(chuàng)始人兼主教練JerryWu解釋說，B.Y.D.的誕生是為了讓孩子們保持奔跑。Jerry說：‘看著他們堅(jiān)定、快樂地奔跑，我每次都會(huì)心一笑?！?”以及最后一段中“‘Theracewasextremelyrewarding,’Olliesaid.‘I’mlookingforwardtoitnextyear.’(‘這場(chǎng)賽跑是非常有意義的，’Ollie說，‘我期待著明年的比賽?！?”可知，Jerry和Ollie都想表達(dá)他們對(duì)B.Y.D.的認(rèn)可。故選C項(xiàng)。11．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“PleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.(普萊森頓教育合作基金會(huì)(PPIE)成立于1987年，旨在通過組織當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的跑步活動(dòng)來籌集資金。)”可知，PPIE籌集資金是為了組織當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的跑步活動(dòng)，D項(xiàng)“為了教育的賽跑”符合題意，能概括文章大意。故選D項(xiàng)。DASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.The13-hourexperimenttookplaceattheFrench-languagestationCouleur3.Duringtheperiod,listenersheardtheclonedvoicesoffivehumanpresenters.Thestation’sprogrammingalsoincludedmusiccreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)methods.Theprogramminginformedlistenersabouttheexperimentevery20minutes.“AIistakingyourfavoriteradiobystorm,”avoicesaid.“OurvoiceclonesandAIareheretounsettle,surpriseandshakeyou.Andforthatmatter,thistextwasalsowrittenbyarobot.”RecentAIdevelopmentshaveledtothecreationofaseriesoftoolsthatpermitrobotstoleaddifferenthumanactivities.Thesetoolsbelongtoagroupofsystemsknownas“generativeAI”.ThetoolsusemachinelearningmethodstotrainAIsystemsonhugeamountsofdatatoproducehuman-qualityresults.Oneofthemosthighlypublicized“generativeAI”toolsreceivedwideattentionbyshowingtheabilitytoquicklyproducewrittenanswerstoquestionsatalevelandqualitysimilartohumans.However,thedevelopmentof“generativeAI”systemshasledtosomecriticismofthetechnology.Criticshavealertedpeopletothedangersofsuchsystems.Theysayifusedincorrectly,thesystemscanhaveeconomic,culturalandsocialharms.TheSwissstation’schief,AntoineMultone,defendedtheprojectasalessononhowtolivewithAI.Antoinesaidifwebecameostriches(鴕鳥)wewouldputourheadsinthesand,blindlyworryingaboutthenewtechnology.HethoughtwhenAIwascoming,weshouldstudythetechnology,sowecouldthenproperlyputlimitsonit.Headdedthatabout90percentofthelistenerreactionssuggestedtheexperimentwasagoodidea.Butmanysaidtheyfoundthehumanelementmissingandnoted,“Youcansensethesearerobots,andtherearefewersurprises,lesspersonality.”12.WhywastheexperimentconductedatCouleur3?A.Totestthetextstherobotwrites.B.Totestthevocalsoundstherobotcreates.C.Totestthecapabilitiesofthehumanpresenters.D.Totesttheaudience’sabilitiesofcomposingmusic.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alerted”meaninparagraph2?A.Warned. B.Exposed. C.Shifted. D.Applied.14.WhatshouldwedowithAIaccordingtoAntoine?A.Limitandpreventitsprogress.B.Takehumanelementsoutofit.C.Takeadvantageofitwithoutdefense.D.Researchandmakeuseofitsensibly.15Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PuttingAIVoicesonRadioB.ReplacingAnnouncerswithRobotsC.NewTechnologiesChangingOurLivesD.LanguageBarriersintheDevelopmentofAI【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。瑞士一家廣播電臺(tái)做了一項(xiàng)廣播的社會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)，測(cè)試機(jī)器人生成內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)音功能。〖答案〗12.B13.A14.D15.A12．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“ASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.The13-hourexperimenttookplaceattheFrench-languagestationCouleur3.（瑞士一家廣播電臺(tái)最近進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)社會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)，測(cè)試機(jī)器人創(chuàng)造的聲音和內(nèi)容。這個(gè)13個(gè)小時(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)是在法語(yǔ)臺(tái)“Couleur3”進(jìn)行的。）”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是來測(cè)試機(jī)器人創(chuàng)造的聲音。故選B項(xiàng)。13．〖解析〗詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后面“thedangersofsuchsystems（這種系統(tǒng)的危險(xiǎn)）”和“Theysayifusedincorrectly,thesystemscanhaveeconomic,culturalandsocialharms.（他們表示，如果使用不當(dāng)，這些系統(tǒng)可能會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和社會(huì)造成危害。）”可知，批評(píng)者一定是警告人們這種系統(tǒng)存在的危險(xiǎn)，所以劃線單詞與warn同義。故選A項(xiàng)。14．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“HethoughtwhenAIwascoming,weshouldstudythetechnology,sowecouldthenproperlyputlimitsonit.（他認(rèn)為，當(dāng)人工智能到來時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該研究這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，這樣我們就可以適當(dāng)?shù)叵拗扑?。）”可知，Antoine認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該研究并合理地利用人工智能。故選D項(xiàng)。15．〖解析〗主旨大意題。本文主要報(bào)道了瑞士一家廣播電臺(tái)做了一項(xiàng)廣播的社會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)，測(cè)試機(jī)器人生成內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)音功能。所以用A項(xiàng)“PuttingAIVoicesonRadio（在廣播中播放人工智能語(yǔ)音）”作為本文的題目與文章主題相符合。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whengardenersgrowvarietiesofplantsintheirbeautifulgardens,theyarehappytoseebeneficialinsectslikebeesandbutterfliessurroundingtheflowers.Butastheytakeacloserlook,theymayfindsomeplantsarecoveredinblackdotsandfilledwithharmfulinsectsorpests.Somegardenersmayimmediatelyreachforchemicals.____16____Althoughitmaystoptheinsectproblem,itwillalsothreatenbeesandbutterflieswhichhelptheplantsreproduce.Ifyouarewisegardeners,youshouldfirsttakepreventivemeasurestocontroltheharmfulinsects.____17____Onlywhentherearetoomanyharmfulinsects,shouldpestcontrolbeconsidered.Thefirstdefenseshouldalwaysbethesafestmethodavailable.PreventionAsarule,preventionisthebesttreatment.Inspectplantsclosely,includingtheirleaves,beforebuyingthemfromthestore.____18____Whenplanting,spaceplantsouttopermitthemtogrowtotheirfullsize.Plantstooclosetogethercanbreedharmfulorganisms,likebacteria.____19____Theyinvitepestsifpermittedtoremainontheground.Whenyoudoseepests,washthemaway.Userubbingalcoholtoremovesomeinsects,orpickthemofftheplants.PesticidesIfyoudecideapesticideisnecessary,chooseitcarefullyandfollowthedirectionsandwarningsontheproduct.Avoidusingpesticidesinextremeheat,onwindydays,orwhentheplantsarewet.____20____Atthetime,beneficialinsectsareinactive.Youcanconsiderremovingflowersfromtheplantstolessentheriskthatbeneficialinsectswillcomeincontactwiththepesticides.A.Butthisisnotwise.B.Inmostcases,chemicalsdon’thelp.C.Treattheplantsearlyinthemorningoratnight.DAlsodoremembertheplantsneednutritionandcare.E.Keepyourgardenfreeoffallenleaves,fruitsandotherwastes.F.Donotbringanyplantshomethatshowsignsofdiseaseorpests.G.Theprocessstartswiththeideathathavingsomepestsisacceptable.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)園丁在美麗的花園里種植各種各樣的植物時(shí)，他們很高興看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶等有益的昆蟲圍繞在花周圍。但是當(dāng)他們仔細(xì)觀察時(shí)，他們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一些植物被黑點(diǎn)覆蓋，并且充滿了有害的昆蟲或害蟲。文章介紹如何預(yù)防害蟲和使用農(nóng)藥?！即鸢浮?6.A17.G18.F19.E20.C16．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文〖提示〗“Somegardenersmayimmediatelyreachforchemicals.（一些園丁可能會(huì)立即使用化學(xué)藥品。）”，再根據(jù)下文〖提示〗“Althoughitmaystoptheinsectproblem,itwillalsothreatenbeesandbutterflieswhichhelptheplantsreproduce.（雖然它可以解決昆蟲問題，但它也會(huì)威脅到幫助植物繁殖的蜜蜂和蝴蝶。）”可知，設(shè)空處與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以A項(xiàng)Butthisisnotwise.（但這是不明智的。）切題。故選A。17．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文〖提示〗“Onlywhentherearetoomanyharmfulinsects,shouldpestcontrolbeconsidered.（只有當(dāng)有害昆蟲太多的時(shí)候，才應(yīng)該考慮害蟲防治。）”可知，要接受有害蟲。所以G項(xiàng)Theprocessstartswiththeideathathavingsomepestsisacceptable.（這個(gè)過程始于有一些害蟲是可以接受的想法。）切題。故選G。18．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文〖提示〗“Asarule,preventionisthebesttreatment.Inspectplantsclosely,includingtheirleaves,beforebuyingthemfromthestore.（一般來說，預(yù)防是最好的治療。在從商店購(gòu)買之前，仔細(xì)檢查植物，包括它們的葉子。）”可知，有病蟲害的植物不能帶回家。所以F項(xiàng)Donotbringanyplantshomethatshowsignsofdiseaseorpests.（不要帶任何有病蟲害跡象的植物回家。）切題，其中選項(xiàng)中的also順承了上文。故選F。19．〖解析〗根據(jù)下文〖提示〗“Theyinvitepestsifpermittedtoremainontheground.Whenyoudoseepests,washthemaway.Userubbingalcoholtoremovesomeinsects,orpickthemofftheplants.（如果允許害蟲留在地面上，它們會(huì)招來害蟲。當(dāng)你看到害蟲時(shí)，把它們洗掉。用外用酒精去除一些昆蟲，或者把它們從植物上摘下來。）”可知，要保持花園遠(yuǎn)離落葉和其他廢物。所以E項(xiàng)Keepyourgardenfreeoffallenleaves,fruitsandotherwastes.（讓你的花園遠(yuǎn)離落葉、水果和其他廢物。）切題。故選E。20．〖解析〗根據(jù)上文〖提示〗“Avoidusingpesticidesinextremeheat,onwindydays,orwhentheplantsarewet.（避免在極端高溫、大風(fēng)天或植物潮濕時(shí)使用農(nóng)藥。）”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是在說使用農(nóng)藥的時(shí)間。所以C項(xiàng)Treattheplantsearlyinthemorningoratnight.（在清晨或晚上治療植物。）切題。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GulnaraTolmachevaisfromRussia,whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor.Shehas____21____andrealizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.Now,shelivesinXinjiangand____22____Russianinalocaluniversity.____23____havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t____24____Chinauntil2009.“InUrumqi,Isawdifferentethnicgroupsandbusynightmarkets,”shesaid.ShewasespeciallysurprisedatthewaypeopleofdifferentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang.____25____bytheenergeticandculturally____26____city,shechosetostudyChineseinUrumqiin2013.Tolmachevaandherfamily____27____toKaramayin2019aftergettingajobofferthere.Littledidsheknowaboutthecity____28____,butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond____29____.“Thefriendshipand_____30_____ofmystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome,”she_____31_____.Sheaddedthatherworkwasgoingwell,andhersonwashealthyandhappy.Tolmachevawas_____32_____bythekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.“The_____33_____environmentisveryimportant.SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses,”shesaid.HavingrealizedherdreamoflearningChineseinXinjiang,Tolmachevaisnow_____34_____aboutfinishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.Shedoeshaveagreat_____35_____forherjob.21.A.fallenbehind B.blownup C.settleddown D.keptaway22.A.masters B.quits C.learns D.teaches23.A.Inspiteof B.Incaseof C.Intermsof D.Inplaceof24.A.choose B.visit C.expect D.admire25.A.Impressed B.Confused C.Frightened D.Annoyed26.A.single B.minor C.diverse D.false27.A.attended B.contributed C.objected D.moved28.A.gratefully B.previously C.gradually D.currently29.A.destination B.entrance C.barrier D.hometown30.A.promotion B.company C.absence D.criticism31.A.recommended B.promised C.recalled D.apologized32.A.touched B.discouraged C.limited D.recognized33.A.family B.language C.career D.accommodation34.A.enthusiastic B.modest C.particular D.sensitive35.A.pity B.advantage C.return D.affection【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了俄羅斯女教師GulnaraTolmacheva的故事。她從小就對(duì)中國(guó)文化感興趣，最終在新疆的克拉瑪依實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己成為教師的夢(mèng)想。她受到了當(dāng)?shù)厝说挠焉坪蜏嘏目畲?，決定更加努力地激勵(lì)自己的學(xué)生?！即鸢浮?1.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D21．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：她在遠(yuǎn)離新西伯利亞家的新疆克拉瑪依安頓下來，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想。A.fallenbehind落后；B.blownup炸毀；C.settleddown安定下來；D.keptaway遠(yuǎn)離。根據(jù)下文“realizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.”可知，她在新疆克拉瑪依安頓下來，還實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想，故選C項(xiàng)。22．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，她住在新疆，在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰髮W(xué)教俄語(yǔ)。A.masters碩士；B.quits退出；C.learns學(xué)習(xí)；D.teaches教書。根據(jù)上文“whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor”及下文“Russianinalocaluniversity”可知，她一直想成為教師，如今在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰髮W(xué)教俄語(yǔ)，故選D項(xiàng)。23．〖解析〗考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：盡管托爾馬切娃在童年時(shí)期對(duì)中國(guó)文化很感興趣，但直到2009年才訪問中國(guó)。A.Inspiteof盡管；B.Incaseof萬(wàn)一；C.Intermsof在……方面；D.Inplaceof代替。根據(jù)下文“havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t________Chinauntil2009”可知，托爾馬切娃在童年使其就對(duì)中國(guó)文化感興趣，但是直到2009年才來到中國(guó)，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A項(xiàng)。24．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管托爾馬切娃在童年時(shí)期對(duì)中國(guó)文化很感興趣，但直到2009年才訪問中國(guó)。A.choose選擇；B.visit拜訪；C.expect期待；D.admire欣賞，欽佩。根據(jù)“Tolmachevadidn’t________Chinauntil2009”可知，托爾馬切娃在童年使其就對(duì)中國(guó)文化感興趣，但是直到2009年才來到中國(guó)，故選B項(xiàng)。25．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這座充滿活力、文化多元的城市給她留下了深刻的印象，她于2013年選擇在烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)中文。A.Impressed印象深刻的；B.Confused困惑的；C.Frightened嚇壞了；D.Annoyed惱火。根據(jù)上文“Shewasespeciallysurprisedat”可知，她對(duì)這座充滿活力、多元文化的城市印象深刻，故選A項(xiàng)。26．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這座充滿活力、文化多元的城市給她留下了深刻的印象，她于2013年選擇在烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)中文。A.single單，一；B.minor小的；C.diverse多樣化的；D.fals的e假。根據(jù)上文“differentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang”可知，這座城市是多元文化的，故選C項(xiàng)。27．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃和她的家人在獲得工作機(jī)會(huì)后于2019年搬到了克拉瑪依。A.attended出席；B.contributed貢獻(xiàn)；C.objected反對(duì)；D.moved搬，感動(dòng)。根據(jù)“Tolmachevaandherfamily________toKaramayin2019”可知，在她獲得工作機(jī)會(huì)后，她和家人搬到了克拉瑪依，故選D項(xiàng)。28．〖解析〗考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：以前她對(duì)這座城市知之甚少，但現(xiàn)在她認(rèn)為克拉瑪依是她的第二故鄉(xiāng)。A.gratefully感激；B.previously以前；C.gradually逐漸；D.currently現(xiàn)在。根據(jù)上文“Littledidsheknowaboutthecity”可知，是她以前對(duì)這座城市知之甚少，故選B項(xiàng)。29．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她對(duì)這座城市知之甚少，但現(xiàn)在她認(rèn)為克拉瑪依是她的第二故鄉(xiāng)。A.destination目的地；B.entrance入口；C.barrier障礙；D.hometown家鄉(xiāng)。根據(jù)上文“Tolmachevaandherfamily________toKaramay”及“butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond”可知，她現(xiàn)在是把克拉瑪依當(dāng)成了第二故鄉(xiāng)，故選D項(xiàng)。30．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我學(xué)生和同事的友誼和陪伴讓我有賓至如歸的感覺，”她回憶道。A.promotion促銷；B.company陪伴；C.absence缺席；D.criticism批評(píng)。根據(jù)下文“mystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome”可知，學(xué)生和同事的陪伴讓她有了家的感覺，故選B項(xiàng)。31．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我的學(xué)生和同事的友誼和陪伴讓我有賓至如歸的感覺，”她回憶道。A.recommended推薦；B.promised答應(yīng)；C.recalled回憶；D.apologized道歉。根據(jù)下文“Sheaddedthat”可知，她是在回憶，故選C項(xiàng)。32．〖解析〗考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃被周圍人的善良和溫暖所感動(dòng)，她決定更加努力地激勵(lì)她的學(xué)生。A.touched感動(dòng)；B.discouraged氣餒；C.limited有限；D.recognized認(rèn)可。根據(jù)下文“hekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.”可知，她是被善良和溫暖感動(dòng)了，故選A項(xiàng)。33．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：語(yǔ)言環(huán)境很重要。A.family家庭；B.language語(yǔ)言；C.career事業(yè)；D.accommodation膳宿。根據(jù)下文“SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses”可知，她經(jīng)努力去教俄語(yǔ)歌曲，并組織短劇是為了創(chuàng)造一個(gè)語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，故選B項(xiàng)。34．〖解析〗考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃實(shí)現(xiàn)了在新疆學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的夢(mèng)想，現(xiàn)在她正熱衷于完成博士學(xué)位，并計(jì)劃編寫一些俄語(yǔ)教科書。A.enthusiastic熱情的；B.modest謙虛的；C.particular尤其，特別的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據(jù)下文“finishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.”可知，她對(duì)于編寫俄語(yǔ)教科書和完成博士學(xué)位是富有熱情的，beenthusiasticabout為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“對(duì)……充滿熱情”，故選A項(xiàng)。35．〖解析〗考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她確實(shí)非常熱愛自己的工作。A.pity可惜；B.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)；C.return返回；D.affection熱愛。根據(jù)上文“shedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents”和“teachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses”及“planningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks”可知，她對(duì)工作是很熱愛的，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DoyouknowanythingaboutStartofAutumn,the13thtraditionalChinesesolarterm?Herearesometraditionsandfactsaboutit.AlthoughStartofAutumnoften____36____(indicate)thebeginningofautumn,hotweatherwillnotcometo____37____end.TheperiodofhotdaysafterStartofAutumn,usually____38____(last)for30days,iscalled“AutumnTiger”or“IndianSummer”.Becauseofdecreasingprecipitation,itiseven____39____(hot)duringthisperiodthanduringMajorHeat.OnthefirstdayofStartofAutumn,peoplewillweigh____40____(they)andcomparetheirweighttowhatitwasatStartofSummer.Ifonehaslostweightduringthesummer,thensheorhecangainweight____41____eatingvariouskindsofdeliciousfood,especiallymeat.StartofAutumnisan____42____(extreme)bigsolartermforfarmers.Itishightime____43____(gather)crops.Asasayinggoes,“IfitrainsonthedayofStartofAutumn,agoodharvestisexpected.”InHangzhou,peopleeatpeachesontheday.Thepeachstones(桃核)can____44____(keep)untilNewYear’sEveandthrownintothestovetoburntoashes.InShandongProvince,peoplemakedumplingsduringStartofAutumn,____45____means“EatingtheA