Unit2Reading語言點(diǎn)課件高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性

Unit

2

Out

of

this

world

Reading知識點(diǎn)Watchthevideoanddiscuss.keywords

keyphrases

difficultsentences

consolidation

ContentsThepursuitoftheultimatetruthoftheuniverseisthefinalobjectiveanddestinationofcivilization.

對宇宙真理的追求，是文明的最終目標(biāo)和歸宿。——劉慈欣inpursuitof...追求...Peoplearehavingtomovetootherareasinpursuitofwork.pursuev.追求太空探索歷史上令人激動人心的突破(Page15)breakthroughsinthehistoryofspaceexploration第一個做……的人(Page15)thefirstmantodoabsencen.缺乏，不存在；缺席

反presence（出席，在場；存在)absentadj.缺席的；不存在的，缺乏的；心不在焉的absent-minded心不在焉的beabsentfrom缺勤；缺席floatvi飄動；浮vt使浮動

Anideasuddenlyfloatedintomymind.我腦海里突然浮現(xiàn)出一個想法（續(xù)寫）。形floatingbothervt.使煩惱；花費(fèi)時間精力（做某事）；打擾vi.花費(fèi)時間精力（做某事）n.麻煩，困難bothersbwithsth拿某事來煩擾某人bothertodosth費(fèi)心做某事occupyvt.占用;居住;使忙于occupyin從事occupyoneself(indoingsth./withsth.)使忙于（做某事）noccupation職業(yè)，工作

bebusyindoingsth.beburiedindoingsth.adjoccupied忙于...的

beoccupiedwithsth.忙于(做)某事(in)doingsthmissionn任務(wù)

；使命

近task/careerevaluatevt.評估，估計，評價近assessnevaluationn.評估

估計=assessmentevaluativeadjcastnewlighton使進(jìn)一步了解…light短語bringsth.tolight揭露

maintenancen.維護(hù)，保養(yǎng)；維持，保持vmaintainvt.維持保持

；維修保養(yǎng)

exposuren.面臨，遭受；揭露；exposesb/sth/oneself(tosth)使面臨，使遭受（危險或不快）exposesbtosth使接觸；使體驗(yàn)beexposedto(介詞）接觸，體驗(yàn)vexpose

v.暴露；揭露；使遭受(危險或不快)；使接觸；曝光adjexposedadj.無遮蔽的；易受攻擊的；風(fēng)險高的luxuryn.不常有的樂趣（或享受）；奢飾品It’saluxurytodo···做某事是一種不常有的樂趣livealifeofluxury過奢侈的生活adjluxuriousa奢侈的；豐富的；放縱的；特級的furthermoreadv.此外，再者inaddition=besides=what’smore=additionally近adj.想要成為…的人結(jié)束我確信；我敢打賭很樂意與……不同；區(qū)別于……；當(dāng)然；確實(shí)definiteadj.definitionn.定義在太空生活是每個想成為宇航員的人的夢想。我在空間站的六個月已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，這是一次充滿挑戰(zhàn)但又充滿魔力的冒險。我打賭你一定很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么樣的，以及它與地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力絕對會讓普通的東西變得奇怪！結(jié)束與……不同動詞ing開頭做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。what和how分別引導(dǎo)賓語從句，做know的賓語。para1apparentduetothenearabsenceofgravityattachsothatanymoreadj.顯然的由于幾乎沒有重力v.固定beattachedto

喜愛；附屬于5.因此6.不再Thestrangenessofliving

inspaceisapparentfromthemomentwesleep.Due

tothenearabsenceofgravityinspace,wehavetoattachourselvessothatwe

don'tfloataround.Weusuallysleepinprivatequarters,whicharemorelikelargeupboards,orinsleepingbagsattachedtothewallsortheceiling.過去分詞做后置定語從我們睡覺的那一刻起，生活在太空中的奇怪就顯而易見了。由于太空中幾乎沒有重力，我們不得不把自己固定住，這樣我們就不會四處漂浮。我們通常睡在獨(dú)立的睡眠區(qū)里，更像是大櫥柜，或者睡在固定在墻上或天花板上的睡袋里。由于四處飄浮beattachedto被貼/掛/附著在……上，喜歡para2沒有重力It'sstrange

[thatwetrytosleepwithnopressureagainstourback],buttheunusualbedsdon'tbotherusanymore.Afterabouteighthoursofsleep,westartourdayofwork.嘗試背部沒有壓力的情況下睡覺是奇怪的，但是我們不再為這些特別的床煩惱了。大約睡了8個小時后，我們就開始了一天的工作。不再煩某人but連接并列的句子it做形式主語，that從句做真正主語routinetasksdemandingconductscientificresearchaswellascarryoutcastnewlightonleadto常規(guī)任務(wù)，日常工作adj.要求高的;需要高技能的進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究也；和……一樣 實(shí)施；開展carryout/performexperiments做實(shí)驗(yàn)(L17)6.使……進(jìn)一步了解7.導(dǎo)致；通向Theroutinetasks

[that

occupymostofthedayaredemanding],buttheycanalsobe

extremelyrewarding.

Ourmainmissionistoconductscientificresearch.

Weneed

toevaluatetheeffectsoflowgravityonanimalsandplants.Creaturessuchasmice,fishandmosquitoeshavealsobeensenttothestation!

占據(jù)一天大部分時間的常規(guī)任務(wù)要求很高，但是它們也是非常有益的。我們的主要任務(wù)是進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究．我們需要評估低重力對動植物的影響。比如老鼠、魚、蚊子等生物也被送到了空間站！para3占據(jù)了白天大部分時間adj.要求高的，費(fèi)力的評估…對...的影響進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究mosquitosInalow-gravity

environment,wecanlearnmoreaboutchanges

incellsandmicroorganisms

underthemicroscope.Aswellasdoingthesebiologicalexperiments,wecarry

outexperimentsinotherresearchfields.Ihavebeenworkingononeexperiment

whichlocatesandtrackslightningoverlargeregionsoftheEarth.在低重力環(huán)境下，我們可以在顯微鏡下更多地了解細(xì)胞和微生物的變化。除了做這些生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)，我們還進(jìn)行其他研究領(lǐng)域的實(shí)驗(yàn)。我一直在做一個實(shí)驗(yàn)，定位和跟蹤地球上大片地區(qū)的閃電。開展實(shí)驗(yàn)，做實(shí)驗(yàn)在顯微鏡下Hopefully,itwill

castnewlightontheEarth'sclimateandleadtobetterlightningprotection.Withsomuchgoingon,thespacestationneedsalotofmaintenance,soweconstantly

checksupportsystemsanddosomecleaning.希望這個實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)転榈厍虻臍夂驇硇碌恼J(rèn)識，并帶來更好的防雷保護(hù)。由于發(fā)生了這么多事情，空間站需要大量的維護(hù)，所以我們不斷地檢查支持系統(tǒng)，并做一些清潔。with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞短語

（with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）使進(jìn)一步了解……adv.不斷地；經(jīng)常地so連接兩個分句，and連接check和do兩個并列謂語動詞

Withsomuchgoingon,thespacestationneedsalotofmaintenance,soweconstantlychecksupportsystemsanddosomecleaning.

(L18)goon發(fā)生，繼續(xù)with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)maintenancen.維護(hù),保養(yǎng);維持maintainv.保養(yǎng);維持with+名詞/代詞+非謂語Withsomuchhomework______(do),Iwasn’tpermittedtowatchTV.Withhomework______(do),IwaspermittedtowatchTVfreely.Withmylittlebrother_______(play)around,Ican’tfocusonmywork.tododoneplayingtakeplaceperformtasksin/underthecircumstancesputonprotectusfromexposuretothecoldandradiationheadoutpotentialrisks發(fā)生執(zhí)行任務(wù)在這種情況下穿上;上演;增加;假裝 保護(hù)我們免受寒冷和輻射的傷害曝光；受到；顯露exposureto6.外出 7.潛在風(fēng)險Themostchallengingworktakesplacewhenweneedtoperformtasksoutsitethespacestationsuchastestingnewequipment,monitoringscientificexperiments

orrepairingthespacestation.Inthecircumstances,

it'stimeforaspacewalks.最具挑戰(zhàn)性的工作發(fā)生在我們需要在空間站外執(zhí)行任務(wù)時，如測試新設(shè)備、監(jiān)測科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)或維修空間站。在這種情況下，是時候來場太空行走了。發(fā)生v.執(zhí)行，做在這種情況下是時候做某事First,weputonourspacesuits,whichallowustobreatheinspaceandprotectusfromexposuretothecoldandradiation.Thenweheatout,andsometimesperformtasksforhoursatatime,withthebeautiftulEarthvisiblebelow.

首先，我們穿上宇航服，它們能讓我們在太空中呼吸，保護(hù)我們免受寒冷和輻射的傷害。然后我們就出發(fā)了，有時候執(zhí)行任務(wù)要連續(xù)好幾個小時，向下可以看到美麗的地球了。保護(hù)某人免遭一次，每次；在某時Splendid

astheviewoftheEarthis

,spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.It's

probablythemostdangerouswork,withpotentialriskssuchaselectrieshocks.That'swhyeveryspacewalkiscarefullyplanned.盡管地球的景色很壯觀，但太空行走并不像你想象的那么令人興奮。這可能是最危險的工作，有潛在的危險如電擊。這就是為什么每次太空行走都是精心策劃的。as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句（倒裝），以為“雖然，盡管‘這就是為什么as…as…像…一樣，同…一樣

para4SplendidastheviewoftheEarthis,spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.長難句1as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”，通常將形容詞、副詞、名詞或動詞位于句首。as(倒裝）/though（可倒可不倒）/although（不倒）as...as引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句as...as引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句改寫：1.Thoughyoumaybestrong,youcannotliftthebox.

2.Althoughshetriedhard,shefailedintheend.Strongas/thoughyoumaybe,youcannotliftthebox.Hardas/thoughshetried,shefailedintheend.inviewofit’saluxurytodoproducetakepills考慮到，鑒于……是一種奢侈n.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品吃藥Inviewofthelow-gravityenvironment,eatingisalsodifferentinspace.Mostfoodisdried

orfreeze-dried.It'saluxurytoeatfreshfood,becausefreshproducesuch

asfruitandvegetablescanonlybedeliveredtothespacestationfromtheEarth

everycoupleofmonths.鑒于低重力環(huán)境，太空中的飲食也是不一樣的。大多數(shù)食物是脫水或凍干的。吃到新鮮的食物是一種奢侈，因?yàn)樗褪卟说刃迈r農(nóng)產(chǎn)品每隔幾個月才能從地球運(yùn)送到空問站。para5鑒于v.運(yùn)載，遞送，發(fā)布每隔幾個………是一種奢侈Saltandpepperareonlyinliquidform,sothattheywillnotfloatawayandblocktheairpipes.However,liquidscan'tbeeasilycontrolledin

space.Wemustdrinkwateroranyotherliquidsoutofabagthroughathintubeof

plastic.

Furthermore,tokeepourbodyhealthy,wemustensureabalancedsupply

ofnutrientsbytakingpills.鹽和胡椒只是以液體形式存在，這樣它們就不會漂走，堵塞空氣管道。然而，液體在太空中不容易控制。我們必須通過一根塑料管從袋子里喝水或其他液體。此外，以保持我們的身體健康，我們必須通過吃藥來保證營養(yǎng)的均衡供應(yīng)。以液體的形式吃藥todo表目的被動語態(tài)此外inaddition=besides=what’smore=additionallybeofvitalimportanceasignificantamountofdisciplineoneselftodoaverageworkout1.duringourleisuretime2.there’snothingwelikemorethan3.sitback4.beworth(doing)sth…至關(guān)重要大量的……嚴(yán)格約束自己做某事日常鍛煉，普通的鍛煉1.在我們空閑時間2.我們最喜歡的是3.舒舒服服地坐著 4.某事值得一做 Spendingsometimeinthegymisofvitalimportancetoastronauts’health.Didyouknowthatinjustfivemonths,astronautscouldloseasignificantamountof

muscleandbonemass?花些時間在健身房鍛煉對宇航員的健康至關(guān)重要。你知道嗎？在短短五個月內(nèi)，宇航員可能會失去大量的肌肉和骨量。be+of+n.至關(guān)重要amassof/massesof大量的Consideringthesenegativeeffectslowgravityhasonthe

humanbody,wedisciplineourselvestodoatleasttwohoursofexerciseeveryday.Exerciseinspaceisnotyouraverageworkout.Wehavetobetiedontospecially

designedexerciseequipmenttostopourselvesfromfloatingaround.考慮到低重力對人體的這些負(fù)面影響，我們要求自己每天至少鍛煉兩個小時。在太空中鍛煉不是一般的鍛煉。我們必須綁在專門設(shè)計的健身器材上，防止自己到處漂浮。定語從句鑒于，考慮到阻止某人做某事havenegativeeffectson對……有負(fù)面影響嚴(yán)格要求自己做……Duringourleisuretime,there'snothingwelikemorethantositbackwiththerest

ofthecrewandwatchourremarkableplanetgoby,takingpicturesforourfamily

andfriendsbackhome.

在我們的閑暇時間，我們最喜歡做的事情就是和其他船員一起舒服的坐下來，看著我們非凡的地球經(jīng)過，拍下照片給地球上的家人和朋友看。閑暇時間我們最喜歡的是……經(jīng)過，順便拜訪，憑……判斷，時間流逝現(xiàn)在分詞短語做伴隨狀語thereisnothing...morethantodo..沒有..更(否定詞+比較級）=最高級Asthespacestationtravelsataspeedofabout17,500milesperhour,wegettoseethesunriseevery90minutes.Inthesepreciousmoments,allthechallengesoflifeinspaceseemworthit.由于空間站以每小時17500英里的速度運(yùn)行，所以我們每隔90分鐘就能看到日出。在這些珍貴的時刻，太空生活的所有挑戰(zhàn)似乎都是值得的。以……的速度行駛adj.珍貴的，寶貴的1.Ibetyou’dlovetoknow_______dailylifeislikeupinspaceandhowitdiffersfrom______ontheEarth.(L3)2.It’sstrangethatwetrytosleepwithnopressure________ourback...(L9)whatthatagainst3.Theroutinetasksthatoccupymostofthedayare____________(demand),buttheycanalsobe____________(reward).(L11)demandingrewarding4.Ourmainmissionis__________(conduct)scientificresearch.(L12)toconduct5.__________(hope),itwillcastnewlight_____theEarth’sclimateandleadtobetterlightningprotection.(L18)Hopefullyon6.Withsomuch________(go)on,thespacestationneedsalotof____________(maintain),soweconstantlychecksupportsystemsanddosomecleaning.(L20)goingmaintenance7.Thenweheadout,sometimesperformtasksforhoursatatime,withthebeautifulEarthvisiblebelow.(L20)9.Splendid___________theviewoftheEarthis,spacewalkingisnotasexcitingasyoumightthink.(L27)as/though改寫：①Thoughstudentsweretired,theyconsideredtheeventrewarding.

②Thoughheisachild,heknowsalotabouthistory.

Tiredas/thoughstudentswere,theyChildas/thoughheis,heknowsalotabouthistory.Consolidation

Onthespacestation,oneofthemain(1)_________ofastronautsistodoexperiments.Someexperimentsaimto(2)__________theeffectsoflowgravity.Wearecurrentlyworkingonanexperiment:howtogrowvegetablesinspace.Itisdifficulttokeepfoodfreshlongerthan18monthsinspace,sogrowingvegetablesis(3)____________________forlongerspacemissions.Hopefully,thisexperimentwill(4)____________________spacefarmingandallowustosetuppermanentbasesonotherplanets,suchasMars.Despitethese(5)_________benefits,therearemanychallenges.OnechallengeisthattheenvironmentinspaceisaltogetherdifferentfromthatbackontheEarth.Innormal(6)________________,plantsgrowupwards.However,becauseofthenear(7)___________ofgravityinspace,thereisnosuchthingas“up”or“down”.Anotherthingthat(8)__________usisthesafetyofeatingthevegetablesgrowninspace.Weneedtodoascientificanalysisafterthespace-grownvegetablesaresenttotheEarth.visible circumstance absence catnewlightonbother evaluate mission ofvitalimportancemissionsevaluateofvitalimportancecastnewlightonvisiblecircumstancesabsencebothers1.建立永久的基地(L7)2.與……不同(L10) 3.被粘在；緊附于，不愿離開(L15)4.指導(dǎo)……做某事(L15)5.朝正確的方向生長(L15)6.做一個科學(xué)的分析(L17)1.setuppermanentbases2.bedifferentfrom3.begluedto...(withone’seyesgluedto...)4.guide…todo5.growintherightdirection6.doascientificanalysis1.________thesevisiblebenefits,therearemanychallenges.(L9)2.Onechallengeisthattheenvironmentinspaceisaltogetherdifferentfrom______backontheEarth.(L11)2.Thereisnosuchthing____“up”or“down”.(L13)DespitethatasCompletethetablewithwordsfromthesamewordfamily.Then