高考英語形容詞、副詞講解

英語專題復(fù)習(xí)---形容詞、副詞考點2021/5/91PARTＯＮＥ

形容詞的語法功能形容詞的基本用法高考中常出的考察熱點和答題技巧：2021/5/92大飛囊2021/5/93形容詞用法：The

gorgeous

carlooks/isawesome！Hisideasoundsreasonable.Thebarberdyed

herhairred.

Thenaughtyboymadehissistercry.Theoldhavebeentakengoodcareof.定語表語賓語補足語The+adj表示一類人，做主語或賓語表語2021/5/941.名詞+后綴形容詞1)–ful:help-helpful,use-useful2)–al:nature—natural3)–able:reason—reasonable4)ce-t:patience-patient2.動詞+后綴形容詞：interest—interested—interestingamaze—amazed——amazing常見形容詞后綴：-ing形容詞一般修飾事物。-ed形容詞主語一般是人。5)ty-ious:curiosity-curious

2021/5/95練習(xí)1.Sheisa______(nature)musician.2Themanisaworker_______(retire)lastyear.3.Itwillnotbe_______(suit)forustoliveintheworldinthefuture.4.Thekidwasvery_______(interest)inphysics.5.Weallfindit__________(importance)tolearnEnglishwell.6.Maryfelt________(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.(2016年廣東高考語法填空)

2naturalretiredsuitableinterestedimportantpleased2021/5/96在英語里,一般定語前置時的次序為:

限定詞，形容詞、分詞、動名詞和名詞性定語。

但當(dāng)幾個形容詞同時出現(xiàn)在名詞之前,我們要注意其次序。

其形容詞遵循的詞序為：限觀形齡色國材，

指：限定詞（包括冠詞，指示詞數(shù)量）,外觀（美麗等）,

形狀（大小高矮肥瘦）,年齡；顏色；國籍；材料；用途。

afamousAmericanuniversity

aninterestingsmalloldItalian

painting

anewplasticbucket多個定語形容詞排列順序：2021/5/97

其形容詞排列遵循的詞序為：限觀形齡色國材，

指：限定詞（包括冠詞，指示詞數(shù)量）,外觀（美麗等）,

形狀（大小高矮肥瘦）,年齡；顏色；國籍；材料；用途。

。縣官行令殺國才。2021/5/98

?？h官行令殺國才。

一輛漂亮的黃色意大利小車。

那位魅力十足的年輕苗條的女士。agorgeoussmallyellowItaliancar

thatcharmingslimyounglady.2021/5/99表語形容詞：它指的是那些只用于連系動詞后作表語，而不能用于名詞前作定語的形容詞。英語中的表語形容詞非常有限，歸納起來，主要有以下幾類：1.某些以a-開頭形容詞:absent缺席的，afraid害怕的alive活著的alone單獨的，ashamed羞愧的，asleep睡著的,awake醒著的，alike相似的請看實例：Don’tbeafraidofit.別怕。Hewasaloneinthehouse.他獨自一人在家里。若要用作定語且具有以上意義，可改用其他形容詞：誤：anasleepchild,

anashamedgirl,analivepoet正：asleepingchild，ashygirl，alivingpoet2、某些表示健康的形容詞fine健康的ill有病的well健康的faint昏迷的

請看實例：hewasillandcouldn’tcome．

他病了，所以不能來。2021/5/9102021/5/911注意：very不能用來修飾表語形容詞；afraid害怕的，ashamed羞愧的，除外。Hefellasleepcompletely.Theywereveryashamedofhisbehavior.Friends，supperisreadynow.Theyarefondofglobaltour.Thetwinslookalikesomuch.Englishiswellworthlearning..2021/5/912

改正下列句中的錯誤Ihavetostayathometolookaftermyillsister,whocaughtabadcoldtheotherday.解析：ill表示“生病的”意思時，只用作表語形容詞，不能作定語。什么是表語形容詞？sick2021/5/913b．表語形容詞作定語要后置。把括號中的詞放入恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢肁llthepeopleatthepartywerehissupporters.

（present）2021/5/914c．形容詞修飾不定代詞something,everything,

anything,nothing，nobody等時，要位其于后面。

如：

Isthereanythingimportant

intoday’snewspaper?

3任何聰明人：anybodysmart

；

2.今天的報紙上有什么重要新聞嗎？1.美好的東西:Something

nice2021/5/915D.enough做副詞修飾形容詞時，放在其修飾的形容詞后面。

Theyarestrongenoughtoperformancethefiercegame.

Thesingerwaswealthyenoughtobuysuchaluxuryvehicle.

2021/5/916例:________totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.(全國)Braveenoughstudents B.EnoughbravestudentsC.Studentsbraveenough D.Studentsenoughbraveenough修飾形容詞時要放在形容詞之后，enough修飾名詞時放在前后都可。2021/5/917原級比較句型結(jié)構(gòu):1.“as+adj/adv+as”一樣…等級比較

2.notso(as)+adj/adv+as.”不如…不等級比較

該句型常用來描述兩個比較對象的程度上的相似或不同(即平時說的“等級比較和

不等級比較”)。例如：

Mycomputerisnotso(as)heavyasyours.

我的電腦不如你的重。2021/5/9182.“asmany/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as”或

asmuch/little(少的)+不可數(shù)名詞+as。

前者描述數(shù)目上接近，后者描述量相近。例如：

Youmaygetasmanybooksasyoucan.你能借多少書就借少?！癉rinkasmuchwaterasyoucan.”thedoctorsaidtohim.醫(yī)生對他說：“你要盡可能的多喝些水。2021/5/9192021/5/920

Youcan’

tbetoocareful.Youcan’tbecarefulenough.你越仔細(xì)越好。越…就越好；怎么…也不為過分：主語+can’tbetoo+adj=主語+can’tbe+adj+enough2021/5/921littleless不規(guī)則變化形式much/manymoremostfarfartherfarthestbad/ill/badlyworse

worstgood/wellbetterbestleast82021/5/922詞尾變化原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er(比較級)或-est(最高級)以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞加-r或-sttallhardlargewide重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個輔音字母，須先雙寫這個一個輔音字母，再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，變y為i,再加-er,或-esthappydryearly

narrowcleverable多音節(jié)詞和多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopulartallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowerclevererablernarrowestcleverestablestmoredifficultmorepopular

mostdifficultmostpopular少數(shù)以-er,-ow,-able結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,末尾加-er或-est規(guī)則變化2021/5/923原級goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比較級最高級betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest不規(guī)則變化巧記：特殊形式比較級共有三對二合一壞病兩多并兩好little意思不是小一分為二有兩個一是老來二是遠2021/5/924latelaterlatestfatfatterfattesthappyhappierhappiestdifficultmoredifficultthemostdifficultcarefulinterestingdeliciousbeautifulImportantpopularfine,nice,large,safe/big,thinheavy,pretty,easy,thirsty,healthy72021/5/925比較級的用法:表一方超過另一方時,用“比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)；表一方不如另一方時,用“l(fā)ess+原級+than”結(jié)構(gòu).Thisparkisbetterthanthatone.Thisparkislesscutethanthatone.2.比較級前可加修飾詞much,even,alot,abit,alittle,still,far,yet,byfar,rather.注意:byfar通常用于強調(diào)最高級,

用于比較級時一般放在比較級后面;如放在前面,應(yīng)在中間加the.2021/5/926比較級考點：1.表示“比...更”。用比較級形容詞+than+比較成分,than后的動詞往往省略,非正式用法than后人稱代名詞可用賓格。

Heisyoungerthanme.他比我年輕。

Iamabetterswimmerthanhe（him）.

2.表“較...低;不及...”用less+原級形容詞+than+比較成分。

Iamlessyoungthanhe（is）.我不比他年輕。

3.表兩者之中“較...”,用

the+比較級+ofthetwo。

Thisoneisthebiggerofthetwohouses.

這所房子是兩座房子中較大的。4.定冠詞/指示形容詞+比較級+名詞表示比較意義。

ThetallerboyisJohn.

那個身材較高的男孩子是約翰。5.有少數(shù)以ior結(jié)尾的形容詞,如inferior（次于）,junior（年幼的;下級的）,prior（之前）,senior（年長的,上級的）,superior（優(yōu)于）等與介詞to連用。

Thismethodissuperiorto

thatone.

這種方法優(yōu)于那種方法2021/5/927如:Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.Hisexplanationis_____.byfarclearerB.clearerbyfarC.theclearerbyfarD.theclearer2021/5/928比較形容詞可以被副詞如alittle（一點）,much（得多）,even（更加）,still（更加）,far（...的多）,alot,abit,agreatdeal,rather，alittle，等修飾,

翻譯:現(xiàn)在的生活簡單得多了。Lifeisveryeasierthanitwastwentyyearsago.Lifeisverymucheasierthanitwastwentyyearsago.注意;fairly,very,quite不修飾比較級,quitebetter除外。

凡是不能修飾比較級的副詞，也不能用在too前面。2021/5/929例：---Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?---Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas___thanIhadexpected.A.farmoreinterestingB.evenmuchinterestingC.moreinterestingD.alotmuchinteresting修飾比較級的副詞有much,far,even,still,alot,alittle,yet,abit,byfaretc.2021/5/930此時形容詞都按多音節(jié)對待。2021/5/931?？即钆洌?..the+比較級…,the+比較級…

越……，就越……The

harderyoulearn,

thebetteryourscoreswillbe.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.Themoredifficultthequestionis,thefunnierthestudentsappear.…moreandmore….越來越…Assummerisdrawingnear,daytimeisgettinglongerandlonger.2021/5/9323倍數(shù)表示法：1)倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原級+as．．．；．2)倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級+than．．．；3)倍數(shù)+the+size/length/width/height/depth/cover+of。Thedininghallis3timesaslargeasthatone.Thedininghallis2timeslargerthanthatone.Thedininghallis3timesthesizeofthatone.2021/5/9332021/5/934倍數(shù)表達法特殊訓(xùn)練：2021/5/9352021/5/9364.nomorethan

VsnotmorethanThisbookisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.這本書不比那本書更有意思。（兩者一樣沒意思。）Thisbookisnotmoreinterestingthanthatone.這本書還不如那本書有意思。（還比不上本書有意思）2021/5/9375“否定+比較級”表達的意思相當(dāng)于最高級?！猈aituntilwegetasatisfactoryreply,willyou?—Icouldn'tagreemore.Theideasoundsgreattome.“a+比較級+名詞（than．．．）”結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)在以never構(gòu)成的完成時態(tài)的動詞后面。Howbeautifullyshesings！Ihaveneverhearda

better

voice.最高級2021/5/938--Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswer?-Notatall.Itcouldn’thavebeen____(bad).

worse2021/5/939(2016)“Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_________(sweet).”思路點撥:這是否定詞nothing與比較級連用表示最高級的概念，故填sweeter。句意是：“沒有什么東西比這個更甜了”，也就是說“這是世界上最甜的水”。sweeter2021/5/940形容詞最高級：(三個以上比較才有最高級

)

the+adj最高級+of/in/among…eg.TheirEnglishteacheristhecleverestofalltheteachers/intheschool/amongalltheteachers.

有時形容詞最高級前不是定冠詞the，而是a/an,此時不是比較結(jié)果而是一種修辭手法，意為：極其，非常。eg.Sheisabestfriendofmine.2021/5/9411、oneof+the+adj.最高級+n.（復(fù)）of/among/in

意思“最??的??之一”

eg.Paper-makingisoneofthegreatestinventionsofancientChina.2、the+序數(shù)詞+adj.最高級+n.（單）+in短語“第幾（長、大、遠）??”eg.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.3、adj.最高級可用在選擇疑問句中，常用句型：Which/Who…A,BorC?eg.Whichcityisthebiggest,Beijing,ShanghaiorChongqing?4、當(dāng)adj.最高級前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格

修飾時，省掉最高級前的定冠詞the。eg.Lindaismysister’sbestfriend最高級常考考點：2021/5/942ＰＡＲＴＴＷＯ

答題技巧

2021/5/9431.(2014全國1語法填空)

Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthe

waterintheriveris

(clean)thanever.2.(2015四川)

Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthe

(good)heevergot.3.(2015全國II)-Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor.–Ireallycouldn’taskfora

(good)boss.cleanerbetterbest形容詞比較級的標(biāo)志詞形容詞最高級的標(biāo)志詞否定詞+比較級相當(dāng)于最高級口訣:兩者比較than相連,三者比較the在前。小結(jié)：一些題目可以直接通過

得到答案。標(biāo)志詞2021/5/9444.(2016山東)Be

(reason)-youcan’texpectmetofinishallthiswokinsolittletime.5.(2014全國II)Whilethereare

(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation.6.(2014年全國I改錯題)Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.helpful系動詞后面用形容詞作表語reasonable名詞前面用形容詞作定語系動詞后面用形容詞作表語amazing小結(jié):形容詞通常放在

后作表語

前作定語。系動詞名詞2021/5/945合作探究1.哪些小題與形容詞有關(guān)？2.分別考查哪一個考點？A.比較等級B.形容詞后綴

C.變?yōu)楦痹~2021/5/946高考鏈接2021/5/947(2014全國新課標(biāo)I語法填空)Areyoufacingasitua-

tionthatlooksimpossibletofix?

In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It61

(be)

unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit62

(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof

63

mostout-standingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.

Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays

64

evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork

65

(reduce)theindustrialpollution

andcleanthewater.

wasactuallytheortoreduce2021/5/948Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66

(clean)thanever.

Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit67

is

drivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanim-possiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?

Whilethereare68

(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe

69

(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe70

.(patience)cleaner

amazingchangespatientthat/which2021/5/9492016全國新課標(biāo)I

Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?

In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It61(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit62(actual)

caughtfireandburned.Now,earslater,thisriverisoneof

63mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.

Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays64evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork65(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66(clean)thanever.

Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouleaveahabit67isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.(刪減兩句)

Whilethereare68(amaze)storiesofinstanttransfor-

mation,formostofusthe69(change)aregradualand

requirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe70.(patience)62.考點一：與副詞互換63.考點二：比較等級66.考點二：比較等級68.考點三：形容詞后綴70.考點三：形容詞后綴2021/5/9501什么是副詞？

翻譯下列句子，劃出句中的副詞。1.Whenthelightsareon,thecitylooksmarvelous.2.Thoughfrequentlybeatenbyhisopponent,hedidn'tloseheart.3.Heisprettycleverwhenitcomestorepairs.4.Obviously,themurdererhadagoodknowledgeofthecrimesituation.修飾動詞，表示動作發(fā)生的時間、地點、方式、程度等或表達狀態(tài)的詞叫副詞。2021/5/951副詞2021/5/952副詞用來修飾動詞,形容詞,其他副詞或整個結(jié)構(gòu)。Theyalwaysgetupearly.

修飾動詞。Thekidwasstrongenoughtoliftsucharock

修飾形容詞。1什么是副詞？2021/5/953副詞的位置：1）在動詞之后。2）在be動詞、助動詞之后。3）多個助動詞時，副詞一般放在第一個助動詞后。4)幾個副詞

程度–方式–地點–時間

Westudyhard

atschool

everyday.2副詞的位置？2021/5/954形容詞變副詞規(guī)則：1.直接在形容詞后面加ly：hopeful—2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加ly：angry—easy—3.以輔音字母+le結(jié)尾,e變y

possible—

terrible—

slow—slowly

hopefullyangrilyeasilypossiblyterribly2021/5/955especialexcitedamazingnaturalreal形容詞副詞especiallyexcitedlyamazinglynaturallyreally2021/5/956將下列形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞形式carefulloudsafequickslow第一組：slowlyquicklycarefullyloudlysafely2021/5/957第二組：happyluckyheavyangryeasyhappilyluckilyheavilyangrilyeasily2021/5/958第三組：terriblegentlepossiblesimpleterriblygentlypossiblysimply2021/5/959總結(jié)變化規(guī)則1.直接+ly2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞變y為i再+ly3.有些以le結(jié)尾的形容詞需要去掉e再+

y注意以下以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞lovelyfriendlyuglylikely2021/5/96011/16/2023Adverb(副詞)形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換成副詞的規(guī)則副詞的用法2.修飾整個句子1.修飾形容詞，其他副詞。3.修飾動詞1.直接+ly2.以y結(jié)尾的形容詞變y為i再+ly3.以-ble或le結(jié)尾的形容詞去掉e再+

ySummary2021/5/961副詞的用法——修飾形容詞Thepandaisreally

lovely.副詞形容詞修飾2021/5/9621.Theyarereally

beautiful.2.TheyactedwonderfullyintheTVplay.

3.Regretfully,wecannottalktothemfacetoface.2021/5/9631.Theclothesare________(extreme)beautiful.2.Iam________(terrible)sorry.

3.Theboy_________(serious)ill.terriblyseriouslyextremely2021/5/964副詞的用法----修飾全句Surprisingly

,thetwolittlegirlscandrawsowell.

副詞修飾全句2021/5/9651._________(natural),ourparentsarehappytogetourphonecall.Naturally2.___________(amazing),thetreedidnotdie.Amazingly3._______(lucky),a

policemanfoundtheboy.Luckily2021/5/966He

singsbeautifully.副詞的用法————修飾動詞副詞修飾動詞2021/5/9671.

"IgotanA."Tom

said_______(happy).2.

Myrace

went__________(wonderful)fromstarttofinish.3.

Wehopeyourchildrengrow

_______

(healthy).happilywonderfullyhealthily2021/5/968注意：1)方式副詞well;badly糟,壞;hard等只放在句尾。HespeaksEnglishwell.bebadlyill/hurt/damaged/inneed2)副詞very

可以修飾形容詞，但不修飾動詞。改錯：

IverylikeEnglish.

IlikeEnglishverymuch.2021/5/969

副詞比較級和最高級用法同形容詞基本一樣。只是，副詞最高級形式前的the

通常要省略。Herunsfastestinourclass.

他在我們班跑地最快。enough即可當(dāng)形容詞也可當(dāng)副詞；Wehaveenoughtimetofinishourclass.當(dāng)副詞時，放在其修飾的形容詞后面：Heusedtobestrongenoughtoliftabull.2021/5/9706.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives___ofallmyfriends.(2017上海).A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully2021/5/971有的副詞有兩種形式：形容詞原形副詞，和adj+ly副詞。后者傾向于抽象模糊的感覺：close與closelyclose意思是“近”；closely意思是"仔細(xì)地"Heissittingclosetome.Watchhimclosely.late與latelylate意思是“晚”；lately意思是"最近"Youhavecometoolate.

Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?deep與deeplydeep是表空間深度；deeply表感情上的深度,"深深地"Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm..2021/5/972wide與widelywide表空間寬度；widely意"廣泛地"，"在許多地方"Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidely

usedintheworld.free與freelyfree的意思是“免費”；freely的意思是"無限制地"Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulikehigh與highlyhigh表空間高度;highly表程度,相當(dāng)于much。Theplanewasflyinghigh.Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion2021/5/973gotobedlate.Alatetrain2021/5/974

選詞填空：

1.“Openthedoor_____,”saidtheteacher.A.verywider,B.muchwidely.C.muchwiderD.morewider.2.Themonitortoldthemtoreadthetext_____.loudB.aloudC.loudlyD.louder.3.Look，thekitesflewso____(high,highly).4.Theheadmasterpraisedtheboy_