洛扎縣2023年考研《英語一》高分沖刺試卷含解析

洛扎縣2023年考研《英語一》高分沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Peopledonotanalyseeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytorememberasolutionfromthelasttimetheyhada1problem.Theyoftenaccepttheopinionorideasofotherpeople.Othertimestheybegintoactwithout2;theytrytofindasolutionbytrialanderror.However,whenallofthesemethods3,thepersonwithaproblemhastostartanalyzing.Therearesix4.5,thepersonmustrecognizethatthereisaproblem.Forexample,Sam’sbicycleisbroken,andhecannotrideittoclassasheusuallydoes.Sammust6thatthereisaproblemwithhisbicycle.Nextthepersonmust7theproblem.BeforeSamcanrepairhisbicycle,hemustknowwhyitdoesnotwork.Forexample,hemust8thepartsthatarewrong.Nowthepersonmustlookfor9thatwillmaketheproblemclearerandleadto10solutions.Forexample,supposeSam11thathisbikedoesnotworkbecausethereissomethingwrongwiththebrakes12,hecanlookinhisbicyclerepairbookandreadaboutbrakes,talktohisfriendsatthebikeshop,orlookathisbrakescarefully.After13theproblem,thepersonshouldhaveseveralsuggestionsforapossiblesolution.TakeSamasanexample14,hissuggestionsmightbe:tightenorloosenthebrakes;buynewbrakesandchangetheoldones.Intheend,one15seemstobethesolutiontotheproblem.Sometimesthe16ideacomesquite17becausethethinkersuddenlyseessomethingina18way.Sam,forexample,suddenlyseesthereisapieceofchewinggumstucktoabrake.Heimmediatelyhitsonthesolutiontohisproblem:hemust19thebrake.Finallythesolutionis20Samdoesitandfindshisbicycleworksperfectly.Inshorthehassolvedtheproblem.1、A．serious B．usualsimilar C．common2、A．practice B．thinkingunderstanding C．help3、A．fail B．workchange C．develop4、A．ways B．conditionsstages C．orders5、A．First B．UsuallyIngeneral C．Mostimportantly6、A．explain B．proveshow C．see7、A．judge B．finddescribe C．face8、A．check B．determinecorrect C．recover9、A．a(chǎn)nswers B．skills C．explanation D．information10、A．possible B．exact C．real D．special11、A．hopes B．a(chǎn)rgues C．decides D．suggests12、A．Inotherwords B．Onceinawhile C．Firstofall D．Atthistime13、A．discussing B．settlingdown C．comparingwith D．studying14、A．secondly B．a(chǎn)gain C．a(chǎn)lso D．a(chǎn)lone15、A．suggestion B．conclusion C．decision D．discovery16、A．next B．clear C．final D．new17、A．unexpectedly B．late C．clearly D．often18、A．simple B．different C．quick D．sudden19、A．clean B．separate C．loosen D．remove20、A．recorded B．completed C．tested D．a(chǎn)cceptedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Asecond-gradeeducationhasnotstoppedgarbagecollectorJoseformbringingthegiftofreadingtothousandsofColombianchildren.Josestartedrescuingbooksfromthetrashalmost20yearsago.Hewasdrivingagarbagetruckatnightthroughthecountry'swealthierneighborhoods.Thediscardedreadingmaterialslowlypiledup,andnowthegroundfloorofhissmallhouseisamakeshiftcommunitylibrarystackedfromfloortoceilingwithsome20,000books.Theyrangefromchemistrytextbookstochildren'sclassics.Hesaysbooksareluxuriesforboysandgirlsinlow-incomeneighborhoodssuchashis,withnewreadingmaterialatbookstorestooexpensive.Thereare19publiclibrariesinBogota,acityof8.5millionpeople,.Buttheytendtobelocatedfarawayfrompoorerareas."Thisshouldbeinallneighborhoods,oneachcornerofeveryneighborhood,inallthetowns,inalldepartments,andalltheruralareas,"saysJoes."BooksareoursalvationandthatiswhatColombianeeds."The53-year-oldJosehasaloveofreadingheattributestohismother.Shealwaysreadtohimeventhoughshewastoopoortokeephiminschool."Sheusedtoreadmestorieseverynight,"saidJose.HehastraveledtobookfairsinMexicoandChiletosharehisexperienceofstartingalibrarywiththrown-awayreadingmaterial."Tome,booksarethegreatestinventionandthebestthingthatcanhappentoahumanbeing."WhileJosestillexaminetherubbishforadditionstohislibrary,hisfameasColombia's"LordoftheBooks"hasalsobroughthimthousandsofdonatedbooks.Hehassentmanytootherlibrariesaroundthecountry.Thatisbecausehedoesn'thaveroomforthemall.Hesayshedoesn'trejecttechnologythatallowsbookstobereaddigitally.Buthepreferstoreadtheprintedwordonpaper."There'snothingmorebeautifulthanhavingabookinyourpocket,inyourbagorinsideyourcar,"hesays.1、WhatdoweknowaboutJose’slibrary?A．Itcontains20,000booksorso.B．ItislocatedinthecenterofBogota.C．Itsbooksareallcollectedfromthedonation.D．Itwillberebuilttoholdmorebooks.2、WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?.A．ThereasonwhyJosestartedalibrary.B．Thepoorlifethatthelocalchildrenlive.C．Thelocationofthepubliclibraries.D．ThedreamthechildreninBogotahave.3、.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat______.A．Josehatedbookstobereaddigitally.B．hisdreamistobecomeabookcollector.C．Josereceivedagoodeducationathisearlyage.D．Jose’smotherdevelopedhisloveofreading.Text2Forallthepressuresandrewardsofregionalization(地區(qū)化)andglobalization,localidentitiesremainthemostdeeplyimpressed.Eveniftheendresultofglobalizationistomaketheworldsmaller,itsscopeseemstofostertheneedformoreprivatelocalconnectionsamongmanyindividuals.AsBernardPoignant,mayorofthetownofQuimperinBrittany,toldtheWashingtonPost,“Manisafragileanimalandheneedshiscloseattachments.Themoreopentheworldbecomes,themoretiestherewillbetoonesrootsandone’sland.”Inmostcommunities,locallanguagessuchasPoignant’sBretonserveastrongsymbolicfunctionasaclearmarkof“authenticity(原真性)”.Thesumtotalofacommunity’ssharedhistoricalexperience,authenticityreflectsanoticeablelinefromaculturallyidealizedpasttothepresent,carriedbythelanguageandtraditionsassociatedwiththecommunity’sorigins.Aconcernforauthenticityleadsmostsecular(世俗的)IsraelistodefendHebrewamongthemselveswhilealsoacquiringEnglishandevenArabic.ThesameobsessionwithauthenticitydrivesHasidicJewsinIsraelortheDiasporatochampionYiddishwhilealsolearningHebrewandEnglish.Ineachcase,authenticityamountstoacentralcoreofculturalbeliefsandinterpretationsthatarenotonlyresistanttoglobalizationbutalsoareactuallyreinforcedbythe“threat”thatglobalizationseemstopresenttothesehistoricalvalues.Scholarsmayarguethatculturalidentitieschangeovertimeinresponsetospecificrewardsystems.Butlocalsoftenresistsuchexplanationanddefendauthenticityandlocalmothertonguesagainsttheperceivedthreatofglobalizationwithnearreligiouseagerness.Asaresult,neverbeforeinhistoryhavetherebeenasmanystandardizedlanguagesastherearetoday:roughly1,200.Manysmallerlanguages,eventhosewithfarfewerthanonemillionspeakers,havebenefitedfromstate-sponsoredorvoluntarypreservationmovements.Onthemostinformallevel,communitiesinAlaskaandtheAmericannorthwesthaveformedInternetdiscussiongroupsinanattempttopassonNativeAmericanlanguagestoyoungergenerations.IntheBasque,Catalan,andGalicianregionsofSpain,suchmovementsarefiercelypoliticalandfrequentlyinvolvedloyalresistancetotheSpanishgovernmentoverpoliticalandlinguisticrights.ProjectshaverangedfromacampaigntoprintSpanishmoneyinthefourofficiallanguagesofthestatetothecreationoflanguageimmersionnurseryandprimaryschools.ZapatistasinMexicoarechampioningtherevivalofMayanlanguagesinanequallypoliticalcampaignforlocalautonomy.Inadditiontocausingthefeelingofthesubjectiveimportanceoflocalroots,supportersoflocallanguagesdefendtheircontinueduseonpracticalgrounds.Localtonguesfosterhigherlevelsofschoolsuccess,higherdegreesofparticipationinlocalgovernment,moreinformedcitizenship,andbetterknowledgeofone’sownculture,history,andfaith.Governmentandreliefagenciescanalsouselocallanguagestospreadinformationaboutindustrialandagriculturaltechniquesaswellasmodernhealthcaretodiverseaudiences.DevelopmentworkersinWestAfrica,forexample,havefoundthatthebestwaytoteachthevastnumberoffarmerswithlittleornoformaleducationhowtosowandrotatecropsforhigheryieldsisintheselocaltongues.Nevertheless,bothregionalizationandglobalizationrequirethatmoreandmorespeakersoflocallanguagesbemulti-literate.1、Inparagraph1,theauthorquotedamayor’swordtoshowthatglobalization________.A．strengthenslocalidentities B．weakensregionalizationC．strengthensindividualism D．weakenslocalattachments2、Theinfluenceofglobalizationonauthenticityisthatit________.A．weakenstheauthorityofauthenticityB．preventsthedevelopmentofauthenticityC．enhancestheimportanceofauthenticityD．promotesthematurityofauthenticity3、Intermsofcampaignsforlanguageprotection,AmericadiffersfromSpainandMexicointhat______.A．itsvolunteershaveenoughsponsorshipfromthestate.B．itslocalsarenotinterestedinfindingnativeAmericans.C．itsyouthsareeagertopassonthelocaltraditions.D．itsmovementsarenotpolitical.4、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．Practically,locallanguagesarelessusedthanEnglish.B．Locallanguagesaremoreimportantindailylife.C．Thesmallertheworldis,themoreunitedthelocalsare.D．Therelationbetweenlocalizationandglobalizationisdouble-win.Text3MyhusbandandIusedtothinkwehadallwehadeverwanted.Abeautifulhouse,threehealthychildrenandonemoreontheway,twocars,acoupleoffour-wheelersforentertainment—Wereallyhaditallandwelovedit.Then,themarketturnedandmyhusband'sjobataconstructioncompanywasgone.Thecompanywasclosingdownforever.Webothstartedlookingforjobsrightaway,butthereweren'tanytobefound.Witheachpassingdayweweregettingincreasinglyworriedandwecontinuedtoworktogetherinordertopullourfamilythrough.Themorewepulledtogether,thecloserwegot.IfeltfeelingsofadmirationformyhusbandthatIhadn'tfeltforyears.That'swhyitwassohardformetowatchhimblamehimselfforoupresentsituation.Icontinuallyaskedhimtostopbutheseemedtowanttopunishhimselffornothavingajob.Finally,oneafternoonIpulledhimasideandsaid,"Wehavefourhealthychildrenandeachother.That'swhat'simportant.Thatmakesyouarichman.""Butwhatifwelosethehouse?Theywillhateme—you'llhateme,"hereplied.Ismiledathimandputmyhandsonbothsidesofhisfacetomakehimlookmeintheeye."NomatterwhereweliveIwillbehappy—aslongasIhaveyou,"IsmiledagainasIrealizedthatIwasn'tjustsayingthat.InallthestrugglingtogetherIhadfoundthatdeeploveforhimthatIhadonthedaywesaid"Ido".Icouldseehisshouldersandneckrelaxed.Heheldmecloseandwewereabletotalkandplananddreamtogetherinawaythatwehadn'tforquitesometime.Itwasaturningpointforusasacoupleandafamily.Wearestillstrugglingforourbetterlife,butIconsideruswell-offbecausewehavesomethingthatmoneycan'tbuyandnoonecantakeawayfromus.1、Weknowfromthestorythat.A．theybothfoundgoodjobsatlastB．herhusbandwasoutofworkforhisnotworkinghardC．bothofthemfeltanxiousabouttheirunemploymentD．theydidn'tloveeachotheranylongeraftertheygotmarried2、Bysaying"Themorewepulledtogether,thecloserwegot",thewifemeans.A．herhusbandworkedharderforbeingcloserB．theyhadcloseraffectionastheystruggledtogetherC．theirhousewasclosertothecompanythanbeforeD．theywereclosertoanotheremploymentastimewentby3、Whatistheirpresentlifelike?A．Hardbutwarm.B．Wealthybutannoying.C．Hardanddisturbing.D．Comfortableandadmiring.4、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A．BetterLifeComesB．HardTimeGoesC．WeHaveItAllD．WeLoseItAllText4What’sthatonethingyoureallyshoulddo,butkeepputtingoff?Weallhavetime-consumingordifficultchoreswe’reafraidof,anddragoutuntilthelastminute—ifwecompletethematall.Butwhatifwecoulddriveourselvesintothoseboringtasksbypairingthemwithsomethingwereallyenjoy?Researchsuggeststhatcombiningthethingswewanttodowiththethingsweshoulddocouldbeanicetricktoreachingourgoals.Themethodisknownas“temptationbundling(捆綁)”anditallowsyoutocombinetwodifferent,butcomplementary(補(bǔ)充的)activitiesatthesametime.“IonlyletmyselfgetafootbathwhenI’mdoingsomework,”saysKatherineMilkman,aprofessorofbehavioraleconomicsattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Anotherexample?Gotoyourfavoriterestaurantwithadifficultcolleagueorsomeoneyou’resupposedtospendtimewith,suchasarelative.Inshort,it’spairingathingyoulikewithsomethingyoudon’tlikethatoffersyoumotivationtodosomethingyoumightbeputtingoff.Exerciseisoneactivityroutinelybeingtreatedasachore—soMilkmanuseditinanexperimenttoknowhowtemptationbundlingworksinreality.Inherexperiment,Milkmanencouragedstudentstoexercisewhilelisteningtoaddictive,turningaudiobooks.Onegroup,whichcouldonlyaccesstheaudiobookswhileatthegym,were51%morelikelytoexercisethanthecontrolgroup,whichwereabletolistenwhentheyliked.Anothergroup,whoseaccesstotheaudiobookswasnotrestrictedbutwhoweremerelyencouragedtobundletheactivities,were29%morelikelytoexercisethanthecontrolgroup.Thebenefitoftemptationbundlingcomesfromdoingtwothingsthatgowelltogetheratonetime,saysMilkman.“Thesecretistobundletasksthatrequiredifferenteffort.Forexample,ifonetaskrequiresfocusorconcentration,youwanttheothernottobetoodistracting—readingwhilelisteningtoapodcastisverydifficult,forexample,whilecookingandlisteningismorerealistic,”Milkmanadds.1、Whatdoweknowabouttemptationbundling?A．Todotwothingsyoulikeatthesametime.B．Todotwothingsyouhateatthesametime.C．Todosomethingyoulikeandthendosomethingyouhate.D．Todosomethingyouhatewhiledoingsomethingyoulike.2、WhatdidMilkman’sexperimentfindabouttemptationbundling?A．Itwasverypopular.B．Itwaseffectiveindeed.C．Itwasratherimpractical.D．Itwasinterestingactually.3、WhichofthefollowingwouldbeagoodchoiceaccordingtoMilkman?A．ReadingandwatchingTV.B．Drivingandhavingachat.C．Runningandlisteningtomusic.D．Chattingandplayingcomputergames.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AGoodWaytoGetWorkDoneB．ANiceTricktoMakeThingsEasierC．CanWeDoTwoThingsatOneTime?D．CanWeAccomplishMoreWithLessEffort?PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Calligraphy,theartofwriting,wasthevisualartformprizedaboveallothersintraditionalChinaPaintingwascontemporarywithcalligraphy,sharing1．sametools—namely,brushandinkYetcalligraphywasregarded2．a(chǎn)fineartlongbeforepaintingThestatusofcalligraphyreflectstheimportanceofthewordinChina3．makesthewrittenwordsdistinctiveisitsvisualformHowever,despiteitsabstract4．(appear),calligraphyisnotanabstractformChinesecharactersaredynamic,closelyconnectedwiththeforcesofnatureandthekinesthetic(運(yùn)動(dòng))energiesofthehumanbodyHowcanasimplecharacterconveyallthis?Theuseofbrushandink5．(have)muchtodowithitAcalligraphercancontrolthe6．(thick)oftheinkbyvaryingboththeamountofwaterandthesolidinkOncehestartswriting,byloadingthebrushsometimeswith7．(much)inkorsometimeswithless,hecreatescharactersthatresembleashowerofrockshereandadropofdew(露珠)thereTheChinesewrittenlanguage8．(begin)todevelopmorethan3,000yearsagoand9．(eventual)evolvedintofivebasicscripttypesOverthecenturies,calligrapherswerefreetowriteinanyofthem,10．(depend)onthetext’sfunctionThecalligraphictraditionremainsalivetoday語法填空Haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhychildrengotoschool?Youwill1．(probable)saythattheygotoschooltolearnlanguages,mathematics,history,scienceandsomeotherknowledgeThatisquitetrue,2．whydotheylearnthesethings?Wesendourchildrentoschoolinorder3．(prepare)themforthetimewhentheyreallygrowupandwillhavetoworkfor4．(they)．NearlyeverythingtheystudyatschoolhassomepracticaluseintheirlifeButisthat5．onlyreasonwhytheygotoschool?Thereismoreineducation6．justlearningfactsWegotoschooltolearnhowtolearn,sothatwhenwehaveleftschoolwecancontinuetolearnAman7．reallyknowshowtolearnwillalwaysbe8．(succeed)，becausewhenhehastodosomethingnew,hewillnotonlybeabletodoitwellhimself,buthewillalsobeabletoteachothershowtodoitinthe9．(good)wayThepersonwithpooreducation,ontheotherhand,eitherfindshimselfunabletodosomethingnew,orjust10．(do)itbadlyThemainpurposeofschoolsisnottoteachthosesubjects,buttoteachpupilsthewaytolearnSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Whileitisimpossibletolivecompletelyfreeofstress,itispossibletopreventstressaswellasreduceitseffectwhenitcan’tbeavoided.1、●2、Whenyouarenervous，angryorupset,tryreleasingthepressurethroughexerciseorphysicalactivity．Running,walking,playingtennis,andworkinginyourgardenarejustsomeoftheactivitiesyoumighttry．●Takecareofyourself3、Ifyoueasilygetangryandcan’tsleepwellenough,orifyou’renoteatingproperly,itwillbemorelikelythatyouwillfallintostressfulsituations．Ifstressrepeatedlykeepsyoufromsleeping,youshouldconsultadoctor．●MaketimeforyourselfScheduletimeforbothworkandentertainment．Don'tforget,playcanbejustasimportanttoyouroverallwell-beingaswork．4、Gowindow-shoppingorworkonahobby．Allowyourselfatleastahalfhoureachdaytodosomethingyouenjoy．●5、Stresscanresultfromdisorganizationandafeelingthat“there’ssomuchtodo,andnotenoughtime”．Tryingtotakecareofeverythingatoncecanbetoomuchforyouandasaresult,youmaynotachieveanything．Instead,makealistofeverythingyouhavetodo,thendoonethingatatime,checkingoffeachtaskasitiscompleted．Setouttodothemostimportanttaskfirst．A．Dowhateveryoulikeandwanttodo．B．Youshouldmakeeveryefforttoeatwellandgetenoughrest．C．Makealistofthingstodo．D．Tryphysicalactivity．E．Youneedabreakfromyourdailyroutinetojustrelaxandhavefun．F．Youcouldsmiletoyourselfinfrontofamirroreveryday．G．Thefollowingaresugge