考研《英語一》2023年京山縣最后沖刺試題含解析

考研《英語一》2023年京山縣最后沖刺試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Everyonewantstowinafirst-placeblueribbon,tobethebestinsomething.EvenkidsinKindergartenwantthatblueribbon.Insports,Iwasneverablue-ribbonperson.Inarace,Iwasalways1InbaseballIwaslikelytobe2ontheheadordroptheball.Duringthespringofmykindergartenyear,ourclasshadafieldtriptoaparkinatownabouttwentymilesaway.Makingthatdrivenowisnobig3butwhenyou’resixandyou’velivedinatownof300peopleallyourlife,goingtoabigtownofacoupleofthousandpeopleisreallysomething.Idon’tremembertoomuchaboutit.ButtherewasonethatIwillneverforget—the4race.Theparentstiedourfeettogether.Onelittleboygotmefora5.Hewasthesecondmost6boyinourclasssoheusuallywonateverythingandIknewthatwithmetiedtohimhedidn’thaveachance.AndI’msureheknewhewasintrouble.Thegunsoundedandwewereoff.Somecoupleswerefallingandstumblingallaroundus,42westayedonourfeetandmadeittotheotherside.43,whenweturnedaroundandheadedbackforhome,wewereinthelead!Onlyonecouplehadachancetowin,andtheywereagoodseveralyardsbehindus.Afewfeetfromthefinishline,disasterstruck:Itrippedandfell.Wewere44enoughthatmypartnercouldhaveeasilydraggedmeacrossthefinishlineandwon.Buthedidn’t.Insteadhestopped,45downandhelpedmeup—justattheothercouplecrossedthefinishline.Asaresult,wereceivedasmallredribbonforcominginsecond.Istillrememberthatmomentwhentheyoungboydecidedthathelpingafriendgetonherfeetwasmoreimportantthanwinningablueribbon.And13yearslater,Istillhavethatlittleribbonbecauseit’sa46thatafriendlikethisboyisonewhoreally47.1、A．lastB．firstC．quickD．successful2、A．touchedB．feltC．hitD．beaten3、A．questionB．eventC．oneD．deal4、A．one-leggedB．two-leggedC．three-leggedD．four-legged5、A．partnerB．helperC．supporterD．competitor6、A．tallestB．youngestC．a(chǎn)thleticD．handsome7、A．butB．thereforeC．howeverD．a(chǎn)nd8、A．ObviouslyB．UnbelievablyC．SecretlyD．Undoubtedly9、A．strongB．braveC．cleverD．close10、A．layB．slowedC．movedD．reached11、A．warningB．reminderC．giftD．notice12、A．dependsB．countsC．supportsD．worthySectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1BroadBand:byClaireL.Evans.Portfolio，2018($27)Thoughoftenoutnumberedbymen，womenstayedintheboomingfieldofcomputing.Inthisinspiringtale，writerEvansrecordsthecontributionsofsomeofthemanywomenwhoaidedtheriseofthemodernInternet.MemorablecharactersincludeElizabeth"Jake"Feinler,aninformationscientistwhohelpedresearchersnavigatetheArpaneandStacyHorn，whostartedoneofthefirstsocialnetworks，Echo.TheWizardandtheProphet:byCharlesC．Mann.Knopf，2018($28.95)Thehumanpopulationismovingtoward10billion---someexpertsthinkwe'llnearlyhitthatmarkby2050.Howwilltheearthfeed，houseandotherwisesupportsuchacrowd?Environmentalthinkersusuallyfallintooneoftwocamps:thosewhopreferconservationandcontrollingconsumption，likeWilliamVogt，andthosewhotrustinnovationtosolveourproblems,NormanBorlaug,forexample.WriterManncarefullyrecordsthelivesandthoughtofthefoundersofthesetwophilosophies.ALabofOne'sOwn:byPatriciaFara.OxfordUniversityPtess，2018($24.95)InWorldWarImanywomenintheU.K.replacedtheirapronswithchemicalsuitsandsteppedintopreviouslymale-onlyfieldsofscience,wheretheyledwarresearchefforts.SciencehistorianFaraillustratesthelivesofmanyoftheseforgottenwomen.Althoughtheeramarkedamajorstepforwardforwomenscientists,manyworkedforsmallwagesinanenvironmentofdiscrimination.Inthenearly100yearssince,womenhavecomealongway,Farawrites,buttheglassceilingsremainsolidandthepipelinesleaky.AtomLand:byJonButterworth.TheExperiment，2018($19.95)Butterworthtakesreadersonanamusingjourneythroughtheunknownworldofparticle(粒子)physics.Thefirststopis"AtomLand，"whereButterworthexplainshowelectrons，protonsandneutronscometogethertobuildupeverythingweknow.Asthejourneyunfolds，welearnaboutlesser-knownparticles.Thankfully,ourshipisequippedwithtoolssuchasmathematicalequations（方程式）anda"laserlight"thatlightsupthedarkestofconcepts.1、Whofocusesonthefutureofourearth?A．ClaireL.Evans. B．CharlesC．Mann.C．PatriciaFara. D．JonButterworth.2、Whichbookswillyouprobablyreadifyouareinterestedinwomen'scareer?A．BroadBand&AtomLand.B．TheWizardandtheProphet&AtomLand.C．BroadBand&ALabofOne'sOwn.D．ALabofOne'sOwn&AtomLand.3、What'sthepurposeofwritingthepassagesabove?A．Toclarifysomeconcepts.B．Tointroducesomefamouswriters.C．Tomakecommentsonsomebooks.D．Torecommendsomebooks.Text2Thehemlock(鐵杉)treesalongtheWappingerCreek,NewYork,lookhealthy.However,scientistGaryLovettsaysthewhiteballswhichprovideprotectionforthebugsarecreatedbyatinyinsect.It’shardtobelievethetinybugcouldkillatree.However,treescanendupwithmillionsandmillionsofthepests.Whentherearethatmany,itendsupkillingthetree.ThebugfromEastAsiaisslowlykillingtreesacrosstheUSA．Thetrouble－makingbugisjustoneofmanyinvasive(入侵的)peststhathaveslippedintotheUnitedStates.Theycanhurtotherlivingthingsintheirnewhome.Manyinvasivepestsarriveonwoodenpalletspiledinsideshippingcontainers.Theysupportandseparategoods,andkeepthemfromslidingaround.Invasivepestsoftentunnelintothepallets.Howcanwestoppestsfromridingonpallets?Lovettsaysnewrulesareneeded.Thecompaniesthatmakepalletsdon’twantmorerules.Congresshasaddedanamendment(修正案)inthe2018FarmBilltotryandpreventthisproblem.However,Lovettisnothopefulitwillmakemuchofadifference.Palletsarecheckedbyinspectors.Manyaresprayedwithbug－killingpesticide.“Ibelieveinthesystem，”saidBrentMcClendon,presidentofTheNationalWoodenPalletandContainerAssociation.Healsosaidshippingcontainersarecheckedverycarefully.Still,eachyear13millioncontainersareshippedtotheU.S.Eachisfullofwoodenpallets.Lovettsays:“Inspectorscan’tpossiblycheckeverything.Allittakesareafewbadpallets;weshouldgetridofwoodenpallets.”Hebelievespalletsshouldbemadeofplasticoreco－compositewood.Eco－compositewoodisamixofwoodfiberandplastic.Insectscannothideintoit.Oneproblemisthatthesechoicescostmore.Theymaybeworththeextramoney,though.InvasivepestscosttheU.S.$5billionayear.Treesdon’tjustdieinforests.Theyalsodieincitiesandouryards.Then,theyneedtobereplaced.Thatcostsmoney,too.1、AllthestatementsareTRUEexceptthat________.A．pesticidehasbeenappliedtobug－killingB．invasivepestsarenativetoWappingerCreekC．invasivepestshideinpalletsusedinshippingD．thecompaniesmakingpalletsdon’twantmorerules2、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Bugscanbeeasilyspottedbyeyes.B．Bugsruintheshippinggoodsslowly.C．Bugswon’tbotherthetreeifjustinfewnumbers.D．Bugscovertreeswithwhitesoftballsforprotection.3、WhydoesGaryLovettwanttogetridofwoodenpallets?A．Becauseinsectsmostlydieinthem.B．Becauseplasticpalletsareeco－friendly.C．Becausetheyarenotworthextramoney.D．Becausetheyarethemajorpestcarriers.4、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．InvasivepestsareharmingplantsintheUSA．B．Effectivemeasureshavestoppedthepestinvasion.C．Congresscontributesalottodealingwithinvasivepests.D．EcosystemintheUSAispoorlydamagedbyinvasivewoods.Text3Duringthecoldwinterdays,therearesomeinterestingfestivals（節(jié)日）intheworld.Lookatthefollowingones.HarbinIceandSnowFestivalPlace:ChinaTime:January5toFebruary5Peoplebuildincrediblethingsoutoficeandsnow,decoratingthemwithlights.TheCarnivalofVenicePlace:ItalyTime:betweenFebruaryandMarchOneofthemostbeautifulfestivalsintheworld,peoplewearmasksandelaboratecostumestohidedifferencesamongclasses,andtherearecontestsforthebestcostumers.HoliFestivalPlace:IndiaTime:lateFebruary/March,onthelastdullmoondayHindusandSikhs,inIndia,Nepal,andSriLankacelebratethemaindayofthisincrediblyfun16-dayfestivalbythrowingcoloredpowderandwaterateachother.SundanceFilmFestivalPlace:Utah,theUSTime:endofFebruaryThelargestindependentfilmfestivalintheUS.Watchbothfeaturefilmsandshorts.Youneedtobuyaticket.1、Whichofthefollowingfestivalscan'tbecelebratedattheendofFebruary?A．SundanceFilmFestival.B．HarbinIceandSnowFestival.C．HoliFestival.D．TheCarnivalofVenice.2、Ifyouwanttowatchwonderfulfilms,youmaygoto.A．IndiaB．ChinaC．AmericaD．Italy3、IfyougotoEurope,whichfestivalcanyoucelebrate?A．SundanceFilmFestival.B．HoliFestival.C．TheCarnivalofVenice.D．HarbinIceandSnowFestival.Text4AblogpostedDec

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PMbyAlannaMallonAlannaMallonisaCambridgeCityCouncilor.EachyearinNovember,IreceiveaflurryofemailsandtextsfromfriendswhowanttovolunteerwiththeirfamiliesonThanksgivingasawaytogiveback.IalsofieldphonecallsfromorganizationswhowanttodonatetolocalprogramsthatprovideThanksgivingmeals.However,asanofficialwhostillworksinthenonprofitsector,IalsofeeldeeplyanxiousbecauseIknowtheother51weeksoftheyear,thesecriticalprogramsthatprovidefoodaccesstoresidentsinneedarestarvingforbothvolunteersanddonations.Hungerisayearroundproblem,andeachweekvolunteersarethenecessaryparttoensurethatprogramsareabletoservethecommunity.AtFoodForFree,werelyonabout100volunteersperweek,andeachofthosevolunteersisextremelyimportanttoprovidingfresh,healthyfoodtopeopleintheGreaterBostonareawhoneedit.SchoolchildrenwhotakebackpacksoffoodhomeonFridays,communitycollegestudentswhorelyonourFamilyMealsprogramtothriveinclass,elderlyanddisabledresidentswhoreceivetwicemonthlydeliveriesoffoodtotheirdoorsthroughourHomeDeliveryprogram,—theyallrelyonusensuringenoughvolunteersshowuptodothework.Thesevolunteersdon’tshowupinyoursocialmediafeeds,theydon’twinawardsandnoonewritesabouttheminthelocalnewspapers.Buttheyareheroes.Andyoucanbetoo.Ifeveryonemadeapromisetovolunteeronceamonth,orevenonceaquarter,Iknowthatwecouldreducesomeoftheanxietytheseorganizationsfeel,asamorereliablevolunteernetworkallowsthemtofocusonhelpingpeople,notfillingvolunteerslots.HereisalistofafeworganizationswhoaredoingcriticalworkinCambridgetoaddressfoodinsecurity.Offeryourtimetoanorganization,theywillbedeeplygrateful—andIamgoingtobetthatyouwillfeelprettygoodaboutyourselftoo.FoodForFree:

/volunteer.CEOC:

/food-pantry.HarvardSquareHomelessShelter:

/volunteer.CommunityCooks:

/join-us.MargaretFullerNeighborhoodHouse:

686、Whatcanbelearntfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A．Thefoodsafetyworriestheauthor.B．Volunteersareneededallyearround.C．DonationscanbemadethroughtheInternet.D．PeoplelikegettingtogetheronThanksgiving.1、Paragraph3ismainlyabout________.A．theneedforfreshfood B．thedutyofFoodForFreeC．thevalueofvoluntarywork D．thedifficultlifeoflocalpeople2、Thepassageisto________.A．callforaction B．expressthanksC．a(chǎn)dvertiseprograms D．introducewebsitesPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)OncetherewasawiselandownerwhohadtwosonsAfterafewyears,thelandownerfellillbadlySoheconsidered1．(select)oneofthemtorulethefamilyaccordingtotheirabilitiesHecalledbothofthemandgaveeachonearoomHesaid，“YoumustfillyourroomcompletelywithanythingyouwishItcanbeanything!Butthereshouldnotbeanyspace2．(leave)behindandyoushouldnotseekadvice3．others!"Thenextday,thelandownervisitedthe4．(old)son'sroomTheroomwascompletelyfilledwithhay(干草)Thelandownersighedonthe5．(foolish)ofthesonThenhewenttotheroomgiventotheyoungersonButit6．(keep)closedThelandownerknockedatthedoorTheyoungersonasked7．(he)fathertogetinandclosedthedooragainItwasdarknesseverywhereandthelandownershoutedathisson8．(angry)Buttheyoungersonlightedacandle9．said,“Ihavefilledthisroomwithlight!NowthelandownerfeltveryhappyandhuggedhissonproudlyHeunderstoodthattheyoungerwouldbetherightperson10．(rule)thefamilyItwasasunnydayAlittleboy’sfatherwassittingonthecouch,drinkingabeerwhilewatching1．basketballmatchSeeingthis,theboyrushedtohisfatherandshouted,“Daddy,showmehowtoplaycatch!”Thefather,staring2．thetelevisionscreen,replied,“LetmefinishwatchingthematchPlayoutsideandcomebackinfiveminutes”“Okay,Daddy!”saidtheboy,runningoutoftheroomFiveminuteslater,theboyreturned,3．(scream),“Daddy,let’splaycatchnow!”Bythistime,thefatherhadopenedanothercoldbeerandanothermatchwasbeginning4．(patient)withtheboy’sinterruption,thedadbroughtamagazinetohissonOnthecoverofthemagazinewasalargepictureoftheworldThefather,whowasangryand5．(brother),begantearingthemagazinecoverintosmall6．(piece)Then,thefatherturnedtohisboyandsaid,“Son,onceyouputthispicturebacktogether,wecanplaycatch,butdonotinterruptmeagain7．youfinish”Afewminuteslater,theboyreturnedandsaid,“I8．(finish),Daddy!Canweplaycatchnow?”Surprised,thefatherglancedtowardshischild,andtherelaythemagazinewiththeworldpiecedperfectlytogetherinhissmallhandsThedadaskedhischild9．heputtheworldtogethersoquickly“10．wassimple,”saidtheboy“Onthebackoftheworldwasthepictureofaperson,andonceIputthepersontogether,that’swhentheworldcametogether”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Eleven-yearoldNyalivesinSouthSudan．Forsevenmonthsoftheyear，shehastomaketwolongwalkstoapondnearhervillagetofetchwaterforherfamily．Duringthedrymonths，thefamilymovestoacampbyalakewhereNyaandherfamilydigtheclayofthelakebedwiththeirhandsandwaitforhourstogatherasmallamountofdirtywaterthattricklesin．1、Oftentheyareunabletogotoschooltolearnhowtoreadandwrite．Butdidyouknowthatwaterisoneofthemostabundantresourcesonourplanet?Watermakesup71％oftheEarth’ssurface．2、．Weoftentendtotakewaterforgranteduntilitisinshortsupply．Tobringourawarenesstothislife-givingresource，theUnitedNationsdeterminedin1993thatMarch22ndeveryyearwillbeobservedtocelebrateWorldWaterDay．Everyyear，theUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblysetsathemefortheWorldWaterDay．3、Thethemein2016-waterandjobs—intendstobringourattentiontothequalityoflifeoftheworkerswhoensurethesafetyandavailabilityofthiscriticalresource．4、Workersinfactoriesaroundtheworldfallillanddiewhentheyhavepooraccesstocleanwater．Inmanycountries，womenandchildrenlikeNyawalkseveralhourseverydaytobringhomewatertotheirfamilies．5、Nowimagine，ifcleanandsafewaterwasguaranteed—thesechildrencouldbelearningskillsthatcouldhelpthemfindbetterwork．A．Butthesejobsareoftennotpaidfornoraretheyrecognized．B．Thisyear’sthemeis“BetterWater，BetterJobs”．C．Whatwouldhappenifwerunoutofcleanwater?D．EverydaycountlesskidslikeNyaworkhardtofetchcleanwaterfortheirfamilies．E.Unfortunatelyonly3％ofthewaterisfreshwaterthatcansupporthumanandotheranimallife．F.Itishardforthesepoorkidstofetchenoughcleanwater．G.Didyouknowthat340，000workersdieeachyearbecauseofinadequatewatersupply?根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。1、.Unlikestudentloans(貸款),scholarshipsdonothavetoberepaid.Hundredsofthousandsofscholarshipsfromseveralthousandsponsorsareawardedeachyear.Generally,scholarshipsarereservedforstudentswithspecialqualifications.2、Awardsarealsoavailableforstudentswhoareinterestedinparticularfieldsofstudy,wholiveincertainareasofthecountryorwh