新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪復(fù)習(xí)函數(shù)培優(yōu)專題09 函數(shù)的對稱性(含解析)_第1頁
新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪復(fù)習(xí)函數(shù)培優(yōu)專題09 函數(shù)的對稱性(含解析)_第2頁
新高考數(shù)學(xué)二輪復(fù)習(xí)函數(shù)培優(yōu)專題09 函數(shù)的對稱性(含解析)_第3頁
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專題09函數(shù)的對稱性專項(xiàng)突破一判斷(證明)函數(shù)的對稱性1.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象的對稱中心為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0向上平移一個(gè)單位得到SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱;故選:B2.下列函數(shù)的圖象中,既是軸對稱圖形又是中心對稱的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】對于A,SKIPIF1<0圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0、坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0分別成軸對稱和中心對稱,A正確;對于B,SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),其圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0軸對稱,但無對稱中心,B錯(cuò)誤;對于C,SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱,但無對稱軸,C錯(cuò)誤;對于D,SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),其圖象關(guān)于坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱,但無對稱軸,D錯(cuò)誤.故選:A.3.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則下列函數(shù)的對稱中心為SKIPIF1<0的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,由反比例函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0知,SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,選項(xiàng)A:SKIPIF1<0由SKIPIF1<0圖像上所有點(diǎn)向右平移1個(gè)單位,再向上平移2個(gè)單位得到的,所以對稱中心為SKIPIF1<0,不滿足題意;選項(xiàng)B:SKIPIF1<0由SKIPIF1<0圖像上所有點(diǎn)向左平移1個(gè)單位,再向上平移2個(gè)單位得到的,所以對稱中心為SKIPIF1<0,不滿足題意;選項(xiàng)C:SKIPIF1<0由SKIPIF1<0圖像上所有點(diǎn)向左平移1個(gè)單位,再向下平移2個(gè)單位得到的,所以對稱中心為SKIPIF1<0,滿足題意;選項(xiàng)D:SKIPIF1<0由SKIPIF1<0圖像上所有點(diǎn)向右平移1個(gè)單位,再向下平移2個(gè)單位得到的,所以對稱中心為SKIPIF1<0,不滿足題意;故選:C4.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0是自然對數(shù)的底數(shù))的圖象關(guān)于(

)A.直線SKIPIF1<0對稱 B.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱C.直線SKIPIF1<0對稱 D.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱【解析】由題意SKIPIF1<0,它與SKIPIF1<0之間沒有恒等關(guān)系,相加也不為0,AB均錯(cuò),而SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱.故選:D.5.有三個(gè)函數(shù):①SKIPIF1<0,②SKIPIF1<0,③SKIPIF1<0,其中圖像是中心對稱圖形的函數(shù)共有(

).A.0個(gè) B.1個(gè) C.2個(gè) D.3個(gè)【解析】SKIPIF1<0,顯然函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象是中心對稱圖形,對稱中心是SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0的圖形是由SKIPIF1<0的圖象向左平行3個(gè)單位,再向下平移1個(gè)單位得到的,對稱中心是SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,于是SKIPIF1<0不是中心對稱圖形,SKIPIF1<0,中間是一條線段,它關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,因此有兩個(gè)中心對稱圖形.故選:C.6.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增B.SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減C.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱D.SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)SKIPIF1<0為常數(shù)函數(shù),不具有單調(diào)性,故A、B均錯(cuò)誤;因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,故C正確,D錯(cuò)誤;故選:C7.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像關(guān)于(

)對稱.A.原點(diǎn) B.x軸 C.y軸 D.直線SKIPIF1<0【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,因SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0恒成立,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域是R,SKIPIF1<0,因此,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是R上的偶函數(shù),所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像關(guān)于y軸對稱.故選:C8.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0在R上單調(diào)遞增,且圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱B.SKIPIF1<0在R上單調(diào)遞減,且圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱C.SKIPIF1<0在R上單調(diào)遞減,且圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱D.SKIPIF1<0在R上單調(diào)遞增,且圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0即對任意實(shí)數(shù)x恒有,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0中心對稱;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,且SKIPIF1<0圖像連續(xù),故SKIPIF1<0在R上單調(diào)遞增,故選:D.9.對于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱.探究函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象的對稱中心,并利用它求SKIPIF1<0的值為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,兩式相加得:SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的值為2021.故選:D10.(多選)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱圖形的充要條件是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù);下列函數(shù)有對稱中心的是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】∵函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.對于A:由SKIPIF1<0得a=b,∴對于任意的a=b,P(a,b)都是其對稱中心,故A滿足題意;對于B:SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),P(1,-2)即為其對稱中心,故B滿足題意;對于C:∵SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù),圖象關(guān)于y軸對稱,且f(x)在(0,+∞)單調(diào)遞增,在(-∞,0)單調(diào)遞減,其圖象大致為:故不可能找到一個(gè)點(diǎn)使它為中心對稱圖形,故C不滿足題意;對于D:SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)雙勾函數(shù)的圖象性質(zhì)可知,SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于(1,1)中心對稱,故D滿足題意.故選:ABD.11.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱軸方程為___________.【解析】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以對稱軸方程為SKIPIF1<012.若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0___________.【解析】根據(jù)題意,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,則有SKIPIF1<0;故SKIPIF1<0;13.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最大值和最小值分別為M、m﹐則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像的對稱中心是_________.【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,h(x)定義域?yàn)镽關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱,且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),若SKIPIF1<0的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0∴當(dāng)a=1時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴g(x)關(guān)于(SKIPIF1<0,1)中心對稱.故答案為:(SKIPIF1<0,1).專項(xiàng)突破二利用對稱性求函數(shù)解析式或函數(shù)值1.下列函數(shù)與SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱的是SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.故選:C2.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.3 B.5 C.7 D.9【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0圖象上任意一點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0的對稱點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故選:C3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,且其圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)閳D象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,兩式相加得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.4.函數(shù)f(x)的圖象向左平移一個(gè)單位長度,所得圖象與y=ex關(guān)于x軸對稱,則f(x)=()A.-ex-1 B.-ex+1 C.-e-x-1 D.-e-x+1【解析】與y=ex的圖象關(guān)于x軸對稱的圖象所對函數(shù)解析式為y=-ex,將所得圖象右移一個(gè)單位后的圖象所對函數(shù)解析式為y=-ex-1,而按上述變換所得圖象對應(yīng)的函數(shù)是f(x),所以f(x)=-ex-1.故選:A5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,且SKIPIF1<0的圖象與直線SKIPIF1<0相切,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0()A.2 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.4 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象上任意一點(diǎn),則其關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱的點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,因此點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的圖象上,所以SKIPIF1<0,整理得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0的圖象與直線SKIPIF1<0相切,所以方程SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)相等的實(shí)數(shù)根,則SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0.故選:C6.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.1【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的圖象與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,故選:B7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象上分別存在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0?SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0?SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】設(shè)SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象上的任意一點(diǎn),其關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱的函數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0.由于SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象上分別存在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0?SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0?SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0有交點(diǎn),所以方程SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有解,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.8.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱,則下列不等關(guān)系正確的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱,得SKIPIF1<0,可知SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,由此可解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,畫出其圖象,如圖所示:對于A,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0即為SKIPIF1<0,錯(cuò)誤;同理,對于B,SKIPIF1<0,即為SKIPIF1<0,錯(cuò)誤;對于C,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即為SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,正確;對于D,即為SKIPIF1<0,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故D錯(cuò)誤;故選:C.9.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.12 D.18【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,可知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0軸對稱,則SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.10.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.故選:B11.已知定義域?yàn)镽的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱,且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】依題意,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0①,而SKIPIF1<0②,聯(lián)立①②,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.故選:C12.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镈,若對任意的SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,恒有SKIPIF1<0,則稱函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0具有對稱性,其中點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱中心,研究函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱中心,求SKIPIF1<0(

)A.2022 B.4043 C.4044 D.8086【解析】令函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),其圖象關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱,可得SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn)中心對稱,即當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.13.若SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0【解析】∵SKIPIF1<0,∴函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,由SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0對于任意的實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0恒成立,由于SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0(或SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上SKIPIF1<0時(shí)))分別單調(diào)遞減和單調(diào)遞增,且對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,又∵SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0取值范圍都是實(shí)數(shù)集SKIPIF1<0,且除了SKIPIF1<0時(shí)相等,其余情況下不相等,∴SKIPIF1<0對于SKIPIF1<0且使得SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0取值在SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0時(shí))或SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0時(shí))之外的所有實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的值恒成立,∴SKIPIF1<0有無窮多實(shí)數(shù)根,故SKIPIF1<0,故選:C.14.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.15.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則a的取值范圍為________f(x)的最大值與最小值和為________.【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0故a的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0.第(2)空:由SKIPIF1<0,知SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0成中心對稱圖形,所以SKIPIF1<0.16.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0的值為__________.【解析】根據(jù)題意,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,是由SKIPIF1<0的圖像平移SKIPIF1<0個(gè)單位得到的(SKIPIF1<0,向左平移,SKIPIF1<0,向右平移),所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像的對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0.17.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0b∈R)的圖像關(guān)于點(diǎn)(1,1)對稱,則a+b=____.【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0b∈R)的圖像關(guān)于點(diǎn)(1,1)對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0專項(xiàng)突破三利用對稱性研究單調(diào)性1.定義在R上的偶函數(shù)f(x)滿足f(1+x)=f(1-x),若f(x)在區(qū)間[1,2]為增函數(shù),則f(x)(

)A.在區(qū)間[-4,-3]上是增函數(shù),在區(qū)間[2,3]上是增函數(shù);B.在區(qū)間[-4,-3]上是增函數(shù),在區(qū)間[2,3]上是減函數(shù);C.在區(qū)間[-4,-3]上是減函數(shù),在區(qū)間[2,3]上是增函數(shù);D.在區(qū)間[-4,-3]上是減函數(shù),在區(qū)間[2,3]上是減函數(shù).【解析】由SKIPIF1<0可知SKIPIF1<0圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,又SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù)且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為周期函數(shù)且周期為2,且在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),所以函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,故選:SKIPIF1<0.2.已知定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,如果SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值(

)A.可正可負(fù) B.恒為正C.可能為SKIPIF1<0 D.恒為負(fù)【解析】由題意可得SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0對稱,因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上也為增函數(shù),因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】由題可知:函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:C4.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,且SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0軸對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,故選:D5.設(shè)定義在SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,其圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,此時(shí)函數(shù)單調(diào)遞減,而函數(shù)圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,因此函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,而SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故選:B6.已知定義在SKIPIF1<0上的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),若SKIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0是通過函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0向右平移2個(gè)單位得到且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.易知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱中心為SKIPIF1<0,又函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù).作出示意圖如下圖:則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為:SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.7.已知定義在SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0是周期為4的函數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,故SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.8.已知對于任意的SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0成立,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,則不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故選:D.9.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則m的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0中心對稱,又函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,即SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以m的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0,故選:A.10.已知定義在R上的奇函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,且在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0是R上的奇函數(shù),且滿足SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0是減函數(shù),所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上為增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,由題知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上遞減知,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:B11.已知定義在SKIPIF1<0上的函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,其中函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0且在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0且在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則對任意SKIPIF1<0,均有(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】SKIPIF1<0

,

SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減

SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0

,

SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減

,

SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0,可知SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,又SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱;SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0,可知SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0軸對稱,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,可排除SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0

,

SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,可排除SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0均存在,則可得SKIPIF1<0示意圖如下:SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱且SKIPIF1<0

,

SKIPIF1<0,綜上所述:SKIPIF1<0,故選SKIPIF1<012.(多選)定義在R上的偶函數(shù)f(x)滿足SKIPIF1<0,且在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),則下列關(guān)于f(x)的結(jié)論中正確的有(

)A.f(x)的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱 B.f(x)在[0,1]上是增函數(shù)C.f(x)在[1,2]上是減函數(shù) D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】根據(jù)題意,若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是周期為2的周期函數(shù),則有SKIPIF1<0(2)SKIPIF1<0,故D選項(xiàng)正確;若SKIPIF1<0,且函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),則有SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,故A選項(xiàng)正確;SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),且函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0是周期為2的周期函數(shù),則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在在[1,2]上是增函數(shù),C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤.故選:AD.13.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0定義域?yàn)镽,滿足SKIPIF1<0,且對任意SKIPIF1<0,均有SKIPIF1<0,則不等式SKIPIF1<0解集為______.【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,因?yàn)閷θ我釹KIPIF1<0,均有SKIPIF1<0成立,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.由對稱性可知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減.因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0專項(xiàng)突破四對稱性的應(yīng)用1.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的所有零點(diǎn)之和為(

)A.0 B.2 C.4 D.6【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,在SKIPIF1<0上遞減.SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),圖象關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0圖象關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn),兩個(gè)交點(diǎn)關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的所有零點(diǎn)之和為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B2.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的所有零點(diǎn)之和為(

)A.2 B.3 C.4 D.8【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,在同一直角坐標(biāo)系上分別作出SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0的大致圖象如圖所示,其中兩個(gè)函數(shù)的圖象均關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對稱,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的所有零點(diǎn)之和為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C3.已知定義域?yàn)镽的偶函數(shù)滿足SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則方程SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上所有解的和為(

)A.8 B.7 C.6 D.5【解析】因?yàn)楹瘮?shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,又函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是周期為2的函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0的圖象也關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的圖象,如圖所示:由圖可知,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有8個(gè)交點(diǎn),且關(guān)于直線SKIPIF1<0對稱,所以方程SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上所有解的和為SKIPIF1<0,故選:A.4.若定義在SKIPIF1<0上的單調(diào)增函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0對任意SKIPIF1<0恒有SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,則實(shí)數(shù)m的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【解析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,可知函數(shù)關(guān)于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0中心對稱,因?yàn)閷θ我獾腟KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是單調(diào)增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0.二次函數(shù)開口向上,對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0時(shí)是單調(diào)遞增的,根據(jù)對稱性可知,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上也是單調(diào)遞增的,又由SKIPIF1<0,知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是單調(diào)遞增的.所以即SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.5.設(shè)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镈,若對任意的SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,恒有SKIPIF1<0,則稱函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0具有對稱性,其中點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0

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