2021屆高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語話題詞匯與閱讀理解：04 社會文化類（原卷版）

專題04社會文化類

一-詞匯識記+真題感悟+最新專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（10篇）

Step1測一測我的話題詞港量

1.exchangen.&vt._________________

2.nationaladj._________________

3.reputationn._________________

4.symboln.__________________

5.advocatevt._________________

6.demandn._________________

7.instructiveadj._________________

8.lastingadj._________________

9.culturaldifferences

10.learnabouttheworld

11.localcustomsandpractices

12.beautifyourlife__________________

13.getrelaxedandentertained

14.enrichone*sknowledge

15.passdownfromgenerationtogeneration

16.symboln.__________________

17.culturalexchange

18.cross-culturalcommunication

19.culturaldiversity__________________

20.culturalrelics_________________

21.traditionalculture

22.traditionalvalues

24.1ocalcustomsandpractices

25.removeprejudiceandmisunderstanding

26.gesturen.

27.occasionn.

28.formaladj.

29.informaladj.

30.casualadj.

31.mannern.

32.rankn.

33.statusn.

34.titlen._________________

35.customn.__________________

36.conversationn._________________

37.behavevt._________________

38.behaviorn._________________

39.embarrassvt._________________

40.socialadj._________________

41.punctualadj._________________

42.bodylanguage_________________

43.eyecontact_________________

44.makeanimpressionon...

自我小結(jié)：________________________________________________________________________________

Step2MM

社會文化類的閱讀理解在高考題中占有越來越大的比例，這也彰顯了高考在語篇的選取和話題的確定

上立足于傳承優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化這一命題趨勢。社會文化類文章的選材一般以中西文化差異或者社會文化現(xiàn)象

為重點(diǎn)，涉及社會、文化、教育、體育等方面。這就要求考生要具有強(qiáng)烈的多元文化意識和國際視野，在

傳承和弘揚(yáng)中華民族文化的同時(shí)，廣泛吸納世界各地的優(yōu)秀文化。

（1）

【2020?北京卷,C]

Forthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith,ahistorianofscience,hasdevotedherselftore-creatinglong-forgotten

techniques.Whiledoingresearchfbrhernewbook,shecameacrossa16th-centuryFrenchmanuscript（手稿）

consistingofnearly1,000setsofinstructions,coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofindingthebestsand.

Theauthor'sintentionremainsasmysterious（神秘）ashisname;hemayhavebeensimplytakingnotesforhis

ownrecords.ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn'ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed.

"Yousimplycan'tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit,“shesays.

ThoughSmithdidgetherhandsonthebestsand,doingthingstheold-fashionedwayisn*tjustaboutplaying

aroundwithFrenchmud.Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（工匠）wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhow

theyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedthem.Itcan

evenhelpsolvepresent-dayproblems:In2015,scientistsdiscoveredthata10th-centuryEnglishmedicineforeve

problemscouldkilladrug-resistantvirus.

Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums,Smithsays.Onemustknowhowonobjectwasmadeinorder

topreserveit.What'smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetime

worethemdown.ScholarshaveseenthisideainpracticewithancientGreekandRomanstatues.Thesesculptures

werepaintedarainbowofstrikingcolours.Wecan*tappreciatethesekindsofdetailswithoutseeingworksofartas

theyoriginallyappeared-somethingSmithbelievesyoucandoonlywhenyouhavearoadmap.

Smithhasputthemanuscript'sideasintopractice.Herfinalgoalistolinktheworldsofartandscienceback

together:Shebelievesthatbringingtheoldrecipestolifecanhelpdevelopakindoflearningthathighlights

experimentation,teamwork,andproblemsolving.

Backwhenscience-thencalled"thenewphilosophy^^一tookshape,academicslookedtocraftsmenforhelpin

understandingthenaturalworld.Microscopesandtelescopeswereinventedbywayofartistictinkering（修補(bǔ)）,as

craftsmenexperimentedwithglasstobetterbendlight.

Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofour

moderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors.

38.HowdidSmith,feelafterreadingtheFrenchmanuscript?

A.Confusedaboutthetechnicalterms.

B.Impressedwithitsdetailedinstructions.

C.Discouragedbyitscomplexstructure.

D.Shockedforherownlackofhandskills.

39.AccordingtoSmith,thereconstructionworkisdonemainlyto.

A.restoreoldworkshopsB.understandthecraftsmen

C.improvevisualeffectsD.inspirethephilosophers

40.Whydoestheauthormentionmuseums?

A.Torevealthebeautyofancientobjects.

B.Topresentthefindingsofoldscience.

C.Tohighlighttheimportanceofantiques.

D.Toemphasisethevaluesofhandskills.

41.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.CraftsmenSettheTrendsforArtists

B.CraftsmanshipLeadstoNewTheories

C.CraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientists

D.CraftsmenReshapetheFutureofScience

Step3wO（10篇）

（1）

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.Morethan2,000yearsago,ancient

Chinesepeoplecreatedthisoverallframeworktomarktheannualpassageoftimebasedonobservationsofthe

surfsmotion.Intheinternationalmeteorologicalfield（國際氣象界）,the24solartermsarehonoredas“thefifth

greatinventionofChina”.

The24solartermsbeginswithStartofSpring,followedbyRainWater,InsectsAwakenandendsupwith

MinorColdandMajorCold.SummerSolsticeandWinterSolsticearetwodaysoftheyearwiththelongestand

shortestamountofdaylightrespectively,whileSpringEquinoxandAutumnEquinoxaredayswiththemost

balancedamountofdaytimeandnighttime.Throughthesefourparts,ayearisdividedintofourparts:Spring,

Summer,AutumnandWinter.

Inancienttimesthissystemnotonlyguidedagriculturalproduction,instructingfarmerstoexpectthechanges

intemperature,springplantingandautumnharvest,butalsodirectedChinesefolkcustoms.Forexample,Winter

Solsticewasthefirstonesetamong24termsandlaterdevelopedintoafestivaltoworshipHeavenandancestors.

EveryyearatWinterSolstice,emperorsofMingandQingdynastieswouldgotothetempleofHeaventoholda

ceremonytoworshipHeaven,forgoodweatherfbrtheircrops,andpeaceandprosperityforthecountry.

Nowadays,the24solartermscouldnotonlybeappliedtofarming,butalsoguideChineseeverydaylife.They

remindpeopletoadapttothechangesintheseasonsthroughsuitablefoodandculturalrituals（文化儀式）.

Seasonalcustomsarestilltherage,suchaseatingspringpancakesatStartofSpring,sweepingancestors5tombsat

QingMing,gainingweighttokeepwarmatStartofAutumnandeatingnutritiousfoodtostoreenergyatStartof

Winter.TheyhaveactuallybecameindispensableritualsinChineselife.

The24solartermsisacommoncognitivesystemamongChinese.Itreflectstheemotionalbond,thewisdom

andcreativityofChinese,whorespectandliveinharmonywithnature.

12.Howwerethe24solartermscreatedinancientChina?

A.Theyweresetbasedonthemovementsofthesun.

B.Theywerecreatedaccordingtothechangeoftheweather.

C.Theyweretheresultsoflearningfromeachother.

D.Theyweregraduallydevelopedfromthepracticalexperience.

13.WhatisacommonfeatureofSpringEquinoxandAutumnEquinox?

A.Theyweresetonlyforguidingagriculturalactivities.

B.Theybothplaytheroleindividingadayintodayandnight.

C.Theyarethedaysonwhichthelengthofadayislongerthannight.

D.Theybothhavethesameamountofdayandnighttime.

14.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4probablymean?

A.Change.B.Fashion.

C.Appreciation.D.Honor.

15.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thereasonsfortherecognitionofthe24solarterms.

B.Thewaystohandletherelationshipbetweenhumanandnature.

C.Theoriginandinfluenceofthe24solartermsinChina.

D.Thetraditionsandcustomsofthe24solartermsinancientChina.

(2)

Aswithmanyetymologies(詞源)，theexactrootofthiswordisdifficulttosaywithonehundredpercent

certainty.However,theleadingtheoryisextremelybelievableandbackedupbyafairbitofdocumentedevidence.

Specially,itisthoughtthatadollariscalledaUbuck^^thankstodeer.

Oneoftheearliestreferencesofthiswasin1748,44yearsbeforethefirstUSdollarwascreated,wherethereis

areferencetotheexchangerateforacastofalcoholicdrinktradedtoNativeAmericansbeing"5bucks”,referringto

deerskin.

Inyetanotherdocumentedreferencefrom1748,aboutConradWeiser,whiletravelingthroughpresentdayOhio,

notedinhisjournalthatsomeonehadbeen"robbedofthevalueof300Bucks”.

Atthistime,abuckskinwasacommonmediumofexchange.Thereisalsoevidentthata“buck”didn'tsimply

meanonedeerskin,butmayhavemeantmultipleskin,dependingonquality.Forinstance,skinfromdeerkilledinthe

winterwereconsideredsuperiortothosekilledinthesummer,duetothefurbeingthicker.Itisthoughtthatthe

highestqualityskinsgenerallyhadaonetoonevalueatasinglebuck.Thespecificvalueforgivensetsofskinswas

thensetattrading.Inaddition,whentheskinwasfromanotheranimal,thenumberofskinsrequiredtoequalabuck

variedbasedontheanimalandthequalityoftheskins.Forinstance,thereisonedocumentedtradewheretwelve

high-qualityrabbitskinequaledonebuck.

ThisuseofskinsasamediumofexchangegraduallydieoffoverthenextcenturyasmoreandmoreEuropeans

movedinandbuilttownsandcities.OncetheUSdollarwasofficiallyintroducedafterthepassingoftheCoinageAct

of1782,itquicklybecametheleadingitemusedasamediumofexchange,butthetenn“buck”stuckaroundandby

themid-nineteenthcenturywasbeingusedasaninformaltermfordollar.

8.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.

A.thefirstdollarwasmadefromadeerskin

B.askinfromanyanimalwasvaluedatabuck

C.thequalityofadeerskinvariedwiththechangeofseasons.

D.deerskinsweretheonlymediumfortradinginthe1970s

9.Whendidtheuseofskinsasacommonmediumofexchangedieoff?

A.AsmoreandmoreEuropeanssettledinAmerica.

B.WhentheCoinageActof1792waspassed.

C.Whenthebucksdiedoutinthe1950s.

D.AstheUSdollarwasofficiallyintroduced.

10.Theauthordevelopsthistextmainlyby.

A.analyzingcausesB.followingtheorderofimportance

C.makingcomparisonD.followingtheorderoftime

11.Thetextismainlyabout.

A.whenthedollarfirstappearedB.whyadollariscalledabuck

C.WhatadollarwasworthinthepastD.howtheworddollarcameintobeing

（3）

OneofthemostrecognizablesymbolsofScotlandisthekilt（百褶裙）.Resemblingknee-lengthskirts,kilts

originatedinthe16thcenturyasacommonformofclothingformenandboyslivinginanareaofnorthernScotland

knownastheScottishHighlands.Aspecialfeatureofkilts,eventothisday,istheplaid（格子呢）patterns.These

patternswerehistoricallyrelatedtospecificclans（家族），whicharefamilygroupsthatsharearelationshipthrough

ancestry（血統(tǒng)）orsomeotherconnections.Knownastartans（方格花紋），theplaidpatternsareofvariouscolors.

BecauseoftheirpopularityintheScottishHighlands,thewearingofkiltsandanytartanpatterningeneralwas

bannedfrom1746to1782totrytocontrolclansfromthatregionthatwereopposedtothekingatthetime.After

clanswerenolongerconsideredathreattotheking,theclothingbanwasremoved.

Althoughtheremovalofthebanmeantpeoplecouldonceagainwearkiltswiththeirclan'startan,theydidnot

becometheregulardressofmalesthere.Instead,theycametorepresentatraditionalformofclothing,andbe

symbolicofnationalpride.TartansofalltypescanbeseenonshowallovertheworldonApril6,TartanDay,when

peopleofScottishancestrycelebratetheirculturaltreasure.TartanDayoriginatedinCanadainthemid-1980s.It

spreadtoothercommunitiesoftheScottishdiasporainthe1990s.

Nowadays,tartanshavebeenspecificallycreatedforindividuals,families,institutions,andcompanies.Perhaps

thebest-knownexampleofatartanusedbyacompanyisthatoftheBritishcompanyBurberry.Burberryhasused

tartansonavarietyofproducts,includingscarves,handbags,clothing,andotheraccessories.Althoughin2019,

Burberryannounceditwouldreducethenumberofproductsitproducedtofocusmoreonhandbagsasawayto

increaseprofits,theiriconictartancontinuestobeasymbolofhighfashion.

12.Inwhichaspectarekiltsspecial?

A.Plaidpatternsareusedinthekilts.

B.TheyareofthesamecolorinScotland.

C.Peopleshowrespectforthekingbywearingthem.

D.Theyaredesignedforadultmen.

13.WhydoScottishpeopleexhibitdifferenttartansinApril?

A.Toexpresstartansshouldn'tbeignored.

B.Tospreadthisculturetotheworld.

C.Tohonortheendofthebanontartans.

D.Tocelebrateatradition.

14.WhydoestheauthormentionthecompanyBurberry?

A.Tostresstartans5widerangeofdailyuses.

B.Toprovethepopularityoftartans.

C.Toshowthereducednumberoftartanproducts.

D.ToexplainreasonsforBurberry'sfavoringtartans.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.PopularityofScottishKilts

B.HistoryofScottishKilts

C.TheKillandtheTartan

D.SpecialScottishClothing

（4）

Alocalgrocerystoreherehasbeenremodelledandnotasingleoneofthechangesisgoodforthoseofuswho

shopthere.Thegroceryaisles（通道）havebeenrearrangedwithsomegoinginonedirectionandothersgoingin

another.Theaisleshavebeenpushedclosertogether,makingithardertogetthroughthem.Itseemslikeallofthese

changeshavebeenforthepurposeofslowingtheshoppersdownsotheywillmakemoreimpulse（沖動）buys.

AsIwalkedthroughthestoretoday,noonewassmilingandeveryonewasunhappyaboutit.

Thechangethatbotheredmethemost,however,wasinthecheck-outaisles.Onlyafewcashierswereleft

workingwithhugesectionschangedintoself-scanningcheck-outs.Itsaddenedmetoseethis.Iknewthatpeople

wereprobablygoingtolosetheirjobsbecauseofthischange.IgotinacashieraisleandpatientlywaitedwhileI

sawsomeotherpeoplestrugglingtofigureouthowtheself-scanningmachinesworked.Isworeatthatmoment

nevertouseonemyselfevenifIhadtowaitlongereverytimeIshoppedthere.

WhenIfinallyarrivedatthefrontoftheaisle,IsawthecashierwassomeoneIknew.Igreetedherwitha

smile.Shesmiledbackwithwarmthandkindnessthattouchedmysoul.Wechattedhappilywhileshescanned

andbaggedupmygroceries.Ifeltafriendshipandaconnectionwithherthatwarmedmyheart.1wishedherwell

beforeIleft.

Machinescandoalotforus,buttherearemanythingstheycan'tdo.Theycan'tsmileorlove.Onlywecando

that.Itistimethatweshouldrealizethatprofitsaren'tmoreimportantthanpeopleandthatmachinesaren'tmore

importantthanus.Itistimethatweshouldlearnthatlovingeachotherandthisworldiswhatlifeisallabout.

1.Whatmayaccountforthestore'schanges?

A.Tomakemoreprofits.B.Tosatisfytheshoppers.

C.Tooffermoreproducts.D.Tomakeshoppingeasier.

2.Whafstheresultoftheuseofself-scanningmachinesaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Itwillattractmorecustomers.B.Ithasreducedthecashiers*burden.

C.Ithasbroughtshoppermoreconvenience.D.Itwillmakemanypeopleunemployed.

3.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhemetthecashier?

A.Calm.B.Glad.C.Angry.D.Surprised.

4.What*sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.MachinesorUs?B.WhyUseMachines?

C.AreChangesNecessary?D.HowDoestheWorldChange?

(5)

Ifyoufollowedthe2016OlympicGames,youmayhavenoticedthatseveralathletes,includingUSswimmer

MichaelPhelps,hadcircularbruisesontheirbodies.Thesebruisesweretheresultof“cupping(拔火罐)therapy”，

atraditionalChinesemedicinalpracticethathasbeenaroundformorethan2,000years.

Manyathletessaythattheyhavebenefitedfromthetherapy.Phelpsusedthetherapyinthefallof2014and

hasuseditabouttwiceaweeksince,reportedABCNews.AnotherUSswimmer,DanaVollmer,alsobelievesthat

“itreallyhelpswithbloodflow”.

However,somehavesaidthatthesupposedhealtheffectsresultfrompeople'sfeelingthatthetreatmentworks,

ratherthananyphysicaleffectofthetreatment.

Tofigureoutcuppingtherapyhasanyphysicaleffect,lastyearresearchersfromGermanycarriedoutatestin

whichafalsetreatmentwasprovided.

Inthestudy,thesametypeofcupswasusedintherealtreatmentandthefalsetreatment.Butinthefalse

treatment,thecupshadaholeatthetopsothattheycouldn'tcreatethepropersuction(吸力).

Thetestedpatients,whosufferedfromadisorderthatcausedalotofpain,weretoldthattheywouldreceive

eitheratraditionalcuppingor“softcupping”.Buttheywerenotinformedthattheso-called"softcupping95wasa

falsetreatment.

Itturnedoutthatmostpatientscorrectlyguessedwhichkindofcuppingtheyhadreceived.Inbothgroups,

patientsalsoexperiencedaboutthesamereductionsinpain."Theresultssuggesttheeffectsofcuppingtherapy

mightcomefromfactorsthatarenotnecessarilypartofthetreatmentitself,“theresearcherstoldtheLiveScience

website.

Thequestionofwhethercuppingtherapyworksstillneedstobeanswered."Butbecausethetreatmentis

relativelysafeanditcouldbehelpfulforsomepeople,thetherapycanbeusedaspartofacomprehensive

treatmentprograminvolvingotherexercises,nutritionalchoicesandlifestylechanging,“DrBrentBauer,director

oftheUSComplementaryandIntegrativeMedicineProgramatMayoClinic,toldLiveScience.

5.Whatistheauthor'spuiposeinwritingMichaelPhelpsinParagraph1?

A.Togiveathletesanewwaytoswimfaster.

B.Toprovideathleteswithanewwayoftreatment.

C.Tointroducethetopiconcuppingtherapy.

D.Toshowswimmerssufferfromdisorders.

6.ThepurposeofthetestbyresearchersfromGermanywasto.

A.promotethehealtheffectsofcuppingtherapy

B.seewhethercuppingtherapyhasaphysicaleffect

C.comparetraditionalcuppingwiththesoftcupping

D.comparecuppingtherapy'seffectsondifferentgroupsofpeople

7.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.Differentpeopleneeddifferenttypesofcuppingtherapy.

B.Therealtreatmentandfalsetreatmentalmosthavethesameeffects.

C.Theresultsshowthatcuppingtherapyisnotpartofthetreatment.

D.Cuppingtherapyisonlyeffectivewhenusedwithlifestylechanging.

8.AccordingtoDrBrentBauer,cuppingtherapy.

A.isafastandeasytreatmentforpeopletocarryout

B.isanewlyinventedwaytocuresomediseases

C.needsalongperiodoftimetotakeeffect

D?canbeusedtogetherwithothertreatments

(6)

KBG84isaone-of-a-kindgirlbandinJapanconsistingof33singinganddancinggrannies,withanaverage

ageof84.Theoldestmember,HaruYamashiro,is97yearsold!

Thenewband,basedintheremoteislandofKohamainOkinawa,isahugehitinthecountry-somuchso

thatthemembersarerathershockedbytheirsuccess.Theirfirstsingle—titledComeonandDance,Kohama

Island-hasmadeittothetopofthecharts,andtheyfvejustcompletedasellouttourofJapan.

“WcfeltlikestarsinTokyo,“added86-year-oldHidekoKedamori/'Everyoneintheaudiencehadabigsmile,

whichgaveustheenergytosingourheartsout.We'reblessedtohavebeenborninKohama.Ourlyricsareaboutthe

islandandnature——whalesintheseaspoutingordolphinsdoingsomersaults(空翻).”

Regardlessofthelyrics,theseelderlywomenareincrediblycharmingwhentheyperform.Theirenergyand

enthusiasmareamazing,consideringtheirage.Infact,nooneundertheageof80isallowedintotheband.

Itturnsoutthatthepopqueensareblessedwithincrediblegenes-Okinawanislandershaveoneofthehighest

lifeexpectanciesintheworld.Theirdietchieflyconsistsofvegetablesandlocalpurple-fleshedsweet

potatoes,withpracticallynoaddedsugar.Menakasaidsheisn*tparticularaboutherdiet.

“Ilookaftermyhealthbycleaningmyhome,wipingthefloors,steamingrice,“shesaid.'lstayintheshade

whenit'stoohot.Idon*twanttogetburnt.Ihavetotakecareofmyskin—I'mstillyoungatheart!”

1.Whafstheaimofwritingthepassage?

A.TotellusKBG84isthebestbandinJapan.

B.TointroduceapopularbandinJapan.

C.ToshowwhyKBG84issopopular.

D.Toprovetheelderlycanbecomestars.

2.HowdidthemembersofKBG84feelwhentheysucceeded?

A.Verysurprised.B.Rathercalm.

C.Alittleproud.D.Fairlycontent.

3.WhataredielyricsofKBG84about?

A.Thewomen'sinterests.

B.Inspiringstories.

C.Kohamaandnature.

D.Whalesanddolphins'food.

4.WhatMenakasaidinthelastparagraphsuggests.

A.shekeepsfitbydoinghousework

B.takingexerciseeverydaybringsherjoy

C.shelikeshightemperatureverymuch

D.hergoodskiniswhatshetakespridein

(7)

Althoughyoucanpossiblygetbyasatouristinweeks,masteringalanguageisalong-termcommitment

takingyears,notmonths.TheFSIhasclassifiedlanguagesindegreesofdifficultyforEnglishspeakers.Chinese

takesapproximately88weeksor2,200hoursrankingtop5alongwithArabic,KoreanandJapanese.

EachChinesedialectiseffectivelyanotherlanguagebutMandarin(PutonghuainChinese,whichmeansthe

commonlanguage)isconsideredtheofficialtongueinmodernChina.Theyallshareroughlyoneevolvingwriting

system,referredtoaswrittenlanguageinventedforadministeringalarge,diverseempire.

Tocomplicate(使復(fù)雜)thematterfurther,therearetwomaintypesofwrittenChinesecharactersunderthe

samewritingsystem:thetraditionalChineseusedinHongKongandTaiwanandthesimplifiedChinesein

mainlandChina.Forexample,flyiswrittenasintraditionalChineseand飛insimplifiedChinese.They5re

basicallythesamecharacterwrittenintwodifferentwaysbutpronounceddifferentlywhenspokenindifferent

dialects.

EachwrittenwordwhenspokenismutuallyincomprehensiblebetweenaMandarinspeakerinBeijinganda

CantonesespeakerinHongKong.Ifyouthinkthat'sodd,considerournumbersystem:thesymbol"9"is

universallyrecognizedbutit'spronounced"nine”inEnglishand"devet"inSlovenian.

Everywordmustbememorizedseparatelyasyoucan'tguessitspronunciationfromthescript-butonecould

saythesameofEnglishifyouconsiderplough,doughandtough.

Meanwhiledictionarieslistwordsaccordingtostroke(筆畫)countThesegofromonetoover60strokes.

Thearchaiccharacterzhe-whichappropriately,means“verbose”-has64strokes.

Andthentherearethepronunciationchallenges.TherearefourtonesinMandarin:highpitch(sayGina

musicalscale),risingpitch(likefromCtoG),falling(fromGtoC)andfallinglowthenrising(CtoBtoG)-andif

youthinkthat'sdifficult,thereareninetonesinCantonese.InMandarin,thereisawholepoem,“TheLion-Eating

PoetintheStoneDen”withjustthesyllable"shi"repeated107timesinvarioustones.Inotherwords,ifyouare

tone-deafyoumightaswellgiveupnow.

32.WhatdoallChinesedialectshaveincommon?

A.Theywereinventedbytheemperor.

B.Theyhavethesamewritingsystem.

C.Theyevolveinthesameway.

D.Theyservethesamepurpose.

33.Whydoestheauthormentionthesymbol"9"inParagraph4?

A.ToprovedifferentpronunciationsofChinesedialects

B.Toindicatethesimilaritiesinalllanguages.

C.ToshowthatChineseisanoddlanguage.

D.TocompareEnglishwithSlovenian.

34.Whatchallengedoestheauthorthinkisdifficulttoovercome?

A.Complicatedscriptsandstrokes.

B.Differenttypesofcharacters.

C.Varioustones.

D.Toomanydialects.

35.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Chinesehasdifferentdialects.

B.Chineseisverydifficulttolearn.

C.Chineseisanever-developinglanguage.

D.Chinesesoundslikemusicandpoems.

（8）

Whatdotherandom,scribbled（潦草的）drawingscrowdingthemargins（頁邊空白處）ofmosthighschool

students'papersmean?Whenastudentiscaughtdoodling（亂畫）inclass,hewillprobablybecriticizedfor

daydreaming.Butdoodlingwhilelisteningcanhelpwithrememberingdetails,ratherthanimplyingthatthemindis

wandering,accordingtoastudypublishedinthescientificjournalAppliedCognitivePsychology.

InanexperimentconductedbytheMedicalResearchCounciFsCognitionandBrainSciencesUnitin

Cambridge,40subjectswereaskedtolistentoatwo-minutetapegivingseveralnamesofpeopleandplaces.Half

oftheparticipantswereaskedtoshadeinshapesonapieceofpaperatthesametime,withoutpayingattentionto