2019外研社版高中英語選修四 Unit 1 Looking forwards 知識清單(學生版)

閱讀單詞認讀boyhoodn.correspondentn.bullfightingn.dotn.backwardsadv.divergev.undergrowthn.numerousadj.refreshmentsn.重點單詞識記__________adv.最后,最終__________adj.復雜的__________n.(電視或電臺的)商業(yè)廣告__________n.可供選擇的事物__________n.進退兩難的境地,困境__________v.(由……)引起__________n.情況,情形__________adv.由衷地,真誠地,真心實意地__________n.(工廠、醫(yī)院等輪班制中的)當班時間核心詞匯拓展__________n.追求,理想;雄心;野心→__________adj.有雄心的;有野心的__________n.接受工作培訓的人;實習生→__________n.運動鞋;教練員→__________v.培訓;訓練→__________n.培訓,訓練__________adj.(有關(guān))歷史的→__________n.歷史→__________adj.歷史上著名(或重要)的;有歷史意義的→__________n.歷史學家__________n.私家偵探→__________vt.發(fā)現(xiàn);查明__________n.錄取;允許進入(加入)→__________v.承認;準許進入__________n.參加,參與→__________vi.參加;參與→__________n.參與者;參加者__________adj.認真思考的,深思的→__________n.思想;想法__________v.象征,代表→__________n.符號;象征→__________n.象征主義__________n.混合;混合體;混合物→__________v.混合→__________adj.混合的;人員混雜的__________n.喜愛,鐘愛;感情→__________v.影響;侵襲→__________n.效果;影響→__________adj.有效的__________adj.合格的,勝任的→__________n.資格;資歷→__________vt.&vi.(使)有資格;(使)合格__________n.熟練,流利→__________adj.流利的→__________adv.流利地核心短語速記采取行動做出決定,拿定主意放過,放棄,錯過(機會)havesecondthoughts推遲……,使……延期reject...outofhand權(quán)衡,仔細考慮comeone’sway面對被迫做某事takealeafoutof/fromone’sbook洞察;對……深刻理解onadailybasis由……引起回顧,回憶處于合適的位置;就位,到位mysteryn.神秘;神秘的事物nationalityn.國籍nationwideadj.全國范圍的;全國性的negotiatevi.談判;商議neighbourhood(美neighborhood)n.四鄰;鄰近地區(qū)nobleadj.高尚的;貴族的normaln.&adj.正常的(狀態(tài))nowadaysadv.當今;現(xiàn)在nurseryn.托兒所nutritionn.營養(yǎng);營養(yǎng)品observevt.觀察;遵守;慶祝obtainvt.得到Indesperation,Doylekilledoffthefamousdetectiveinanovelpublishedin1893sothathecouldfocusonhis“serious”writing.(sothat引導目的狀語從句)絕望之下,道爾在1893年出版的一部小說中殺死了這位著名的偵探,這樣他就可以專注于他的“嚴肅”作品。IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltime,notonlybecauseofitsnaturalstyle,butalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.(notonly...butalso...不但……而且……)事實上,它已經(jīng)成為美國有史以來最著名的詩歌之一,不僅因為它的自然風格,而且因為它對人性的深入思考。WhenreadingTheRoadNotTaken,onecannothelpbutseeinone’smindimagesofapeacefulwooddeepwithinthecountryside.(can’thelpbutdosth)閱讀《未選擇的路》時,人們腦海中不禁浮現(xiàn)出鄉(xiāng)村深處靜謐的樹林。Whetherbigorsmall,whatallourchoiceshaveincommonisthattheyleadtospecificconsequences.(whether...or...)無論大小,我們所有的選擇都有一個共同點,那就是它們都會帶來特定的結(jié)果。Likethewriter,allwecandoislookbackwards“withasigh”andimaginewhatcouldhavebeen.(省略to的動詞不定式作表語)就像作者一樣,我們能做的只有在回首往事時“輕聲嘆息”,幻想事情本可以成為什么樣子。Whatif,inchoosingone,weareunknowinglyturningdownotherfutureopportunities？(Whatif...？假使……將會怎樣？)如果我們選擇了一份工作而在不知不覺中放棄了其他未來的機會,那該怎么辦？請先從表格中選用本單元所學詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。ambition,dilemma,weighup,makeupone’smind,passupMybiggest1.__________inmyboyhoodwastobeacorrespondentandtobeabletocovereventsaroundtheworld.Tothisend,I2.__________tostudyhardandactivelyparticipatedinvariousactivitiesorganizedbyourschool.Ultimately,Iwasadmittedtothejournalismmajoratafamousuniversity.Duringmycollegelife,Ididnumerouspart-timejobsanddealtwithcomplexsituations.Ididn’t3.__________anychancetostudyandpracticetomakemyselfaqualifiedjournalist.However,aftergraduation,Iwasfacedwithtwoalternatives.Iwasina4.__________becausemygirlfriendinsistedthatI(should)gotoapublishinghousewithherandthatIwritedetectivestoriesorhistoricalnovelstocatertothetastesofyoungpeople.Inthiscircumstance,I5.__________theprosandconsanddecidedtoacceptmygirlfriend’sadvice.Afteryearsofhardwork,manyofmyworkshavebeenpublishedandIhavemadegreatachievementsinthefieldofliterature.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯participationn.參加;參與(participatevi.參加;參與participantn.參加者;參與者)participatein參加;參與participatewithsbinsth與某人一起參與某事Urgedbytheteacher,numerous__________(participate)activelyparticipated__________theEnglishspeechcontest.Their__________(participate)inspiredtherestoftheclasstostudyhard.那些想?yún)⒓颖荣惖娜藨?月21日前交上相關(guān)材料。(應用文寫作之通知)Thosewhowantto__________thecompetitionaresupposedtopresentrelevantmaterialsbeforeMay21.為了增加戶外活動的參與度,我們學校于9月10日組織了一項活動——攀登泰山。(話題寫作之活動安排),ourschoolorganizedanactivity—climbingMountTaionSeptember10.alternativen.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的;非傳統(tǒng)的(alternativelyadv.可供選擇地)analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternativebuttodosth別無選擇只好做某事havethealternativeofdoingsth有做某事的選擇Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth別無選擇只好做某事。Toreducepollution,wehumanbeingshavenoalternativebut__________(choose)somecleanresources.Forexample,solarenergyisanalternative__________fossilfuel.Let’stakeaction！Ifyoudon’tliketheschoollunch,youhavethealternativeof__________(bring)yourown.Underthiscircumstance,Icouldcometoyourhouse,or__________(alternative),wecouldmeetintown.Wecannotchoosebuttakeimmediateactiontostoppollution.→Forus,.(用alternative改寫)inthefaceof面對toone’sface當著某人的面facetoface面對面loseface丟臉befacedwith面臨faceupto勇于面對/接受……用face的相關(guān)短語填空：WhenI’m_______________withapolarbear,Ilikeittobethroughacamerawithatelephotolens.(2020·浙江)Hehascourageandisthoughtful_______________challengesandmisunderstandings.Shehadto_______________thefactthatshewouldneverwalkagain.Becausewewerefacedwithsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime._______________makeupone’smind做出決定,拿定主意changeone’smind改變主意readone’smind看出某人的心思fix/keepone’smindon...把注意力集中在……上bear/keepsthinmind記住某事nevermind沒關(guān)系;不要緊Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheir__________(mind)totakeupthechallenge.Youshouldberesponsibleforyourselfandkeepyourambition__________mind.Oncehe,nothingcan.Hewillwhatheisdoinguntilheachieveshisgoal.——我猜,你想去打網(wǎng)球?！悴碌轿业男乃剂恕Ｎ乙舱悄敲聪氲??！狪guessyouwanttoplaytennis.—You.That’sexactlywhatIwasthinkingtoo.用法點撥makeupone’smind和changeone’smind中的mind隨one’s的單復數(shù)變化而變化。putoff使……延期;推遲……putaway把……收起來,放好;儲存putaside儲存;把……放在一邊;忽視;不理睬putforward提出(意見、建議等)putupwith忍受,忍耐putup張貼;搭建;留宿putout熄滅;撲滅;關(guān)(燈)Isincerelyadvisechildrentoput__________someoftheirpocketmoney.Inthatcase,wewillhavetolearntostandsomeofhisshortcomingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.→Inthatcase,wewillhavetolearnto__________someofhisshortcomingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.有人提建議說我們應當循環(huán)利用教科書。Asuggestion__________thatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.他們沖下車,搭起帳篷,舒適地坐在草地上,欣賞著周圍美妙的景象。(讀后續(xù)寫之動作鏈描寫)Theydashedoutofthecar,andsettleddownonthegrass,enjoyingthesurroundingbreathtakingsights.notonly...butalso...IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltime,notonlybecauseofitsnaturalstyle,butalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.事實上,它已經(jīng)成為美國有史以來最著名的詩歌之一,不僅因為它的自然風格,而且因為它對人性的深入思考。notonly...butalso...不但……而且……,連接兩個平行結(jié)構(gòu)。當連接兩個名詞作主語時,謂語動詞要根據(jù)butalso后的名詞決定單復數(shù)(就近原則);而且notonly位于句首時,notonly后面的句子要用部分倒裝,butalso后面的句子不倒裝。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher__________(be)satisfiedwiththeschedule.Meanwhile,notonly__________(do)shepreparedinnersforfamilymembersbutalsoundertakesallthehousework.(應用文寫作之人物描寫)這次活動不僅豐富了我們的課外生活,也讓我們體會到勞動的意義。(2020·全國Ⅱ,書面表達)Theactivitythesignificanceoflabour.(2022·新高考全國Ⅱ)Participationinapost-visitsurveyisrequired.需要參與訪問后調(diào)查。(2022·全國甲)Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.我們似乎無法決定我們是想要一個現(xiàn)代化的城市還是一個傳統(tǒng)城市。(2022·全國乙)Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?一對夫婦和兩個12歲以下的孩子要支付多少入場費？(2020·天津)Together,thesedeephumanurgescountformuchmorethanambition.總之,這些人類內(nèi)部的推動力比野心重要的多。(2020·天津)Wecan’tputoffbuyinganewprinterforourcompany.Theonewehavedoesn’twork.我們不能推遲為公司買一臺新打印機了。我們現(xiàn)有的這臺壞了。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙shiftA.n.值班B.v.改變C.v.挪動；轉(zhuǎn)移Forsomekids,allyouhavetodoisshiftoneelementoftheirdiet.Sheaskedwhetheryoucouldhelphershiftsomefurnitureinagentlevoice.Don’twaitforme.Iwillbeonthedayshift.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。ItissituatedontheYarraRiver,oppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex.__________Itwasverythoughtfulofyoutosendtheflowers.__________核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識Becausewewerepuzzledaboutsome__________(participate)rules,welostthegame.__________thefaceofanewchallenge,weshouldnotonlybebrave,butalsobepassionate.Notonly__________(be)mothersnotpaidbutalsomostoftheirboringordifficultworkisunnoticed.Togainamorepreciseestimationofthedata,wedecidetoput__________themeeting.Hearingthenews,wecan’thelpbut__________(accept)thereality.Thepoemrevealsaparent’s__________(affect)forherchildwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.__________withwind,therainwasfallingontomyface,whichmademehavea__________oflonelinessandsweetness.(mix)Aseriesofaccidents__________(arise)asaresultoftheiceonthestreettheotherday.Hewas__________(qualify)andnoonequestionedhiscompetenceasadoctor.Underthese__________(circumstance),youmightagreewithusthatnothingismoreimportantthanhisreputation.單句寫作——應用文增分練(邀請朋友參加羽毛球比賽)當?shù)弥覀儗W校將舉行羽毛球比賽時,我決定邀請你來參加。(makeupone’smind)你不僅羽毛球打得好而且富有團隊精神。(notonly...butalso...)我們學生每天下午5：00－6：00在學校體育館一起練習,以便我們可以為觀眾提供一場精彩的比賽。(sothat)在這種情況下,我們所能做的就是努力訓練并團結(jié)協(xié)作。(circumstance;省略to的不定式)我真誠地希望你能接受我的邀請。(sincerely)微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]動作描寫takeaction采取行動admissionn.允許進入(加入);錄取→admitv.承認;準許進入makeupone’smind做出決定,拿定主意passup放過,放棄,錯過(機會)putoff推遲……,使……延期weighup權(quán)衡;仔細考慮participationn.參加;參與→participatevi.參加;參與人物描寫traineen.接受工作培訓的人;實習生correspondentn.通訊員,記者detectiven.私家偵探ambitionn.追求,理想;雄心,野心→ambitiousadj.有雄心的,有野心的thoughtfuladj.認真思考的;沉思的qualifiedadj.合格的;勝任的sincerelyadv.由衷地,真誠地,真心實意地其他描寫詞匯ultimatelyadv.最后;最終complexadj.復雜的numerousadj.許多的,很多的dilemman.進退兩難的境地,窘境[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。托尼(Tony)是一家國際公司的實習生,他下定決心有朝一日要被公司正式錄取。他努力工作,從不放過任何展示自己能力的機會。幸運的是,他所做的事情得到了負責人的認可,使他有可能實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。最終,考驗來了。雖然托尼認為自己能勝任這個職位,但他仍感到坐立不安。負責人經(jīng)過深思熟慮后,宣布消息：托尼考慮周到,能力出眾,獲得正式錄用。Tony,atraineeinaninternationalcompany,oneday.Heworkedhard,neverpassingupanyopportunitytoshowhisabilities.Fortunately,whathedidwasrecognizedbythepersonincharge,.Ultimately,therecamethetest.AlthoughTonythoughthetheposition,hefeltlikesittingonpinsandneedles.Afterweighingupinhismind,thepersoninchargeannouncedthenewsthatTony.詞形變化填空(每小題2分,共16分)Hewasan__________boyandhis__________wastobecomeadetective.(ambition)Theyexpectedallthetraineesto__________intheactivityand__________shouldbeactiveinshowingtheiradvantages.(participate)FluencyinEnglishisanecessary__________forthisjob.Luckily,heis__________forit.(qualify)Insomeparents’view,gaining__________,orbeing__________toakeyuniversityisakeytofuturesuccess.(admit)Theboy__________vinegarwithsugar,butthe__________tastednotsobad.(mix)I__________thatheisinterestedinstories,__________storiesinparticular.(detect)Ifyoudon’tknowthe__________backgroundofthe__________flight,youcanturntothe_______